金庸本名查良鏞，1924年生，浙江海寧人，出身望族。大學主修英文和國際法。早年曾先後於中央政校、東吳大學研讀法律。歷任《東南日報》記者、《大公報》編譯、《新晚報》編輯以及長城電影公司編劇、導演。1959年在香港創辦《明報》，任主編兼社長歷35年。1955年創作第一部武俠小說《書劍恩仇錄》，1972年完成《鹿鼎記》封筆，共創作武俠小說15部。
筆名來由：鏞字拆開。
金庸，本名查良鏞（zhā liáng yōng，英：Louis Cha），1924年2月6日出生於浙江省海寧縣。金庸是新武俠小說的代表作傢之一，被普遍譽為武俠小說作傢的“武林泰鬥”，更有“金迷”們尊稱其為“金大俠”或“查大俠”。
大學主修英文和國際法。畢生從事新聞工作，曾在上海《大公報》、香港《大公報》及《新晚報》任記者、翻譯、編輯，1959年創辦香港《明報》，任主編兼社長歷35年，期間創辦《明報月刊》、《明報周刊》、新加坡《新明日報》及馬來西亞《新明日報》等。
現為中國作傢協會名譽副主席，《中華人民共和國香港特別行政區基本法》主要起草人之一、香港最高榮銜“大紫荊勳章” 獲得者、華人作傢首富。金庸著有“飛雪連天射白鹿，笑書神俠倚碧鴛”，14部膾炙人口的武俠小說。
金庸-簡介
金庸
金庸，男，生於中國 浙江省 海寧縣 袁花鎮。1929年5月入讀家乡海寧縣袁花鎮小學，先就讀於浙江省嘉興市第一中學（嘉興一中），為寫諷刺訓導主任的文章被開除，轉學去了衢州。1942年自浙江省衢州中學畢業，1944年考入中央政治大學外交係，1946年赴上海東吳法學院修習國際法課程。
自1955年的《書劍恩仇錄》開始至1972年的《鹿鼎記》正式封筆，他共創作了十五部長、中、短篇小說。其作品內容豐富，情節跌宕起伏，有豪俠氣概，有兒女柔腸，有奇招異法，凡此種種，引人入勝。曾被多次拍攝、製作成影視作品、電腦遊戲，對當代青年的影響極其廣泛。他也曾以林歡作筆名，為長城電影公司編寫劇本，更曾合作導演過兩部電影，也曾以姚馥蘭為筆名撰寫電影評論。
早年在香港 《大公報》、《新晚報》和長城電影公司任職。後創辦香港《明報》、新加坡《新明日報》和馬來西亞《新明日報》等，形成《明報》集團公司。查良鏞先生五十年代中期起應報社之約，開始寫作連載性的武俠小說。到七十年代初寫完《鹿鼎記》而封筆，共完成了十五部。他曾用其中十四部書名的第一個字串在一起，編成“飛雪連天射白鹿，笑書神俠倚碧鴛”的對聯。
他的小說既繼承了傳統白話小說的語言風格，又對舊式武俠小說從思想內容到藝術手法作了全面的革新。這些作品以古代生活為題材，卻體現出現代精神，同時富有深厚的文化內涵，因而贏得億萬讀者的喜愛，達到雅俗共賞的境界。金庸不僅是傑出的小說大師，同時又是一位出色的社評傢。他寫有近兩萬篇社評、短評，切中時弊，筆鋒雄健犀利，産生了很大影響，曾被人贊譽為“亞洲第一社評傢”。
金庸-寫作生涯
金庸是香港著名的新聞工作者和社會活動傢，也是中國著名的文學家和學者。金庸畢生從事新聞工作，是華人世界中卓有成就的報人。金庸早期曾在上海《大公報》、香港《大公報》和《新晚報》先後當過記者、翻譯和編輯。
金庸
於1959年，他親手創辦了香港《明報》，之後又相繼創辦了《明報月刊》和《明報周刊》，並在新加坡創辦了《新明日報》、在馬來西亞創辦了《新明日報》。
自1959年至1993年，金庸曾擔任香港《明報》社長、董事長、名譽董事長。在此期間，金庸為《明報》撰寫社評二十餘年，出版有《香港的前途》等中英文政論集。為此，金庸於1981年獲英國授以“英帝國官佐勳”銜(OBE)，於1992年獲法國總統授以"榮譽軍團騎士勳銜"、奬勵其對新聞事業、政治、評論、文學創作及文化交流的貢獻。金庸於七十年代至八十年代，擔任香港廉政專員公署市民咨詢委員會召集人和香港法律改革委員會委員。
自1985年至今，他還歷任中華人民共和國 香港特別行政區基本法起草委員會委員、政治體製小組負責人之一，基本法咨詢委員會執行委員會委員，以及中華人民共和國全國人民代表大會香港特別行政區籌備委員會委員。金庸於2000年榮獲香港特別行政區頒授最高榮譽大紫荊勳章。
2001年國際天文學會以“金庸星”命名北京天文臺發現的一顆小行星。
金庸-個人傢事
金庸甜蜜結婚照曝光
著名詩人徐志摩是金庸的表兄，有人認為《書劍恩仇錄》中陳傢洛的形象是來自於金庸心中徐志摩的形象。
金庸是瓊瑤的遠親，金庸的堂妹為瓊瑤的舅母。
金庸堂兄弟查良鑒曾任中華民國法務部部長、中華民國最高法院院長，其弟查良釗，人在臺灣。
近代著名翻譯傢和詩人穆旦（原名查良錚）為金庸遠房堂兄。
金庸表哥蔣復璁曾任臺灣故宮博物院院長（撰於《連城訣》後記）。
臺灣搖滾樂團櫻桃幫主唱查查〈本名查傢雯〉是金庸侄孫女。
金庸結過三次婚，第一任妻子叫杜治芬，因婚外情背離了他。第二任妻子叫朱玫，卻是金庸生了婚外情，背離了她。金庸和朱玫是1956年5月1日結婚的，當時金庸還在《大公報》工作，用筆名林歡寫着影評。夫婦二人在現在的堅尼地道二號租房居住，生下了他們的大兒子查傳俠。能與億萬富豪金庸白頭偕老的女子叫林樂怡（洋名阿May），即金庸的第三任也是現任妻子。她認識金庸時纔16歲，比金庸小20多歲。他們倆是在北角麗池一間酒店裏擦出愛的火花的。
金庸-筆名緣起
當年金庸與梁羽生訂下武俠小說之約時，曾想過筆名的問題。後來决定把自己名字的“鏞”字一分為二，成為“金庸”。這就成為了他的筆名。金庸先生也用過其他的筆名，例如用姚馥蘭(英文“你的朋友[Your Friend]”音譯)寫影話，如用林歡這筆名寫影話也寫電影劇本，在讀者中間也曾留下印象。但比起用金庸這筆名寫武俠小說來，就遠不如它的傢喻戶曉，婦孺皆知。
金庸-榮譽奬項
金庸一生獲頒榮銜甚多，其中包括：
英國政府OBE勳銜（1981年）、法國政府榮譽軍團騎士勳銜（1992年）、法國文化部法國藝術及文學司令勳銜（2004年]）；
英國牛津大學、劍橋大學、新加坡東亞研究所榮譽院士；
香港大學、香港理工大學、香港公開大學、加拿大UBC大學名譽博士；
日本創價大學、香港大學、北京大學、南開大學、浙江大學、廣州中山大學、四川大學、華東師範大學、杭州大學、蘇州大學、清華大學等校名譽教授；
浙江大學人文學院院長（非名譽或榮譽職位，見CCTV央視專訪）；
浙江大學人文學院教授（終身製，非名譽或榮譽職位）、博士生導師；
1998年，獲香港市政局頒授的“文學創作終身成就奬”；獲香港（及海外）文學藝術協會頒授“當代文豪金竜奬”，同獲此奬的還有巴金和冰心。
2000年，獲香港政府頒贈的最高榮譽大紫荊勳章。
2001年，國際天文學會將一顆由北京天文臺發現的編號10930的小行星命名為“金庸”。
2003年3月，位於澳門新馬路的文化會館開設金庸圖書館，金庸親臨開幕並任榮譽顧問，館藏中國、英國、日本、泰國、印度尼西亞版金庸小說。
2005年，劍橋大學授予金庸榮譽文學博士名銜，金庸隨即以81歲高齡赴劍橋大學攻讀歷史學博士，預計兩到三年完成學業。
2006年，於12月完成劍橋大學碩士論文《初唐皇位繼承制度》（The imperial succession in early Tang China）。
2005年10月，金庸先生以年事已高和想去劍橋大學進修研究為由，提出辭去浙大人文學院院長職務，學校曾再三懇留。不久前，金庸再次請辭，學校經過認真研究，尊重金先生意願，同時恭請擔任浙江大學人文學院名譽院長。授聘儀式於2007年月11月25日舉行。
2010年9月，武俠小說名傢金庸(查良鏞)86歲考獲英國劍橋大學博士。
公職
香港廉政公署市民咨詢委員會召集人、法律改革委員會委員（20世紀70年代至80年代）
香港基本法起草委員會委員、政治體製小組負責人，香港基本法咨詢委員會執行委員會委員（1985年至1989年）
全國人大常委香港籌委會委員（1996年至1997年）
中國作傢協會第七屆全國委員會名譽副主席（2009年9月-）。
金庸-作品
金庸作品
《射雕英雄傳》(1957年)
小說作品
金庸曾把所創作的小說名稱的首字聯成一副對聯：飛雪連天射白鹿，笑書神俠倚碧鴛。（見《鹿鼎記·後記》）現在已經廣為流傳並多次被香港和中國內地拍成電視劇與電影，也是“金迷”的必讀書目（括號內為該書開始創作年份）：
飛─《飛狐外傳》(1960年)
雪─《雪山飛狐》(1959年)
連─《連城訣》(1963年)
天─《天竜八部》(1963年)
射─《射雕英雄傳》(1957年)－－金庸“射雕三部麯”之第一部麯，也是其成名作；被金庸小說的讀者稱為“俠文化的歌頌”
白─《白馬嘯西風》(1961年)－－附在“雪山飛狐”之後的短篇小說
鹿─《鹿鼎記》(1969年)（封筆之作）
笑─《笑傲江湖》(1967年)
書─《書劍恩仇錄》(1955年)－－第一部小說
神─《神雕俠侶》(1959年)－－金庸“射雕三部麯”之第二部麯，被金庸小說讀者稱為“情的贊美”
俠─《俠客行》(1965年)
倚─《倚天屠竜記》(1961年)－－金庸“射雕三部麯”之第三部麯
碧─《碧血劍》(1956年)
鴛─《鴛鴦刀》(1961年)－－附在“雪山飛狐”之後的短篇小說
《越女劍》(1970年)－－金庸本意為“卅三劍客圖”各寫一篇短篇小說，最後衹完成了頭一篇《越女劍》，亦沒有包含在對聯之中。
簡單來說，金庸的武俠小說經歷三個版本：舊版、新版和新修版。1955年至1972年的稿件稱為舊版，主要刊在報刊，也有不少沒有版權的單行本，現在恐已散佚。1970年起，金庸著手修訂所有作品，至1980年全部修訂完畢；是為新版，冠名《金庸作品集》，由明河社出版。到了1999年，金庸重新開始修訂工作，正名為新修版（或世紀新修版），至今所有新版本均已完成。
每一次修訂，情節都有所改動。新修版的故事細節和結局也略有改變，引來不少回響。目前兩岸三地的出版分別授權於廣州的廣州出版社（2005年底開始出版，代替原來的三聯書店）、臺灣的遠流出版社、香港的明河社。題外話：著名科幻、武俠小說傢倪匡先生是金庸先生的好友，曾在金庸外遊時代筆《天竜八部》。
外文翻譯版本
金庸若幹作品已被翻譯成英文、泰文、越南文、法文、馬來文、日文、韓文等在海外流傳。其中以日文與英文的最多：
日文版：
《書剣恩仇錄》（全4巻、原名：書劍恩仇錄、譯：岡崎由美）
《碧血剣》（全3巻、原名：碧血劍、監修：岡崎由美、譯：小島早依）
《秘麯 笑傲江湖》（全7巻、原名：笑傲江湖、監修：岡崎由美、譯：小島瑞紀）
《雪山飛狐》（全1巻、原名：雪山飛狐、監修：岡崎由美、譯：林久之）
《射雕英雄伝》（全5巻、原名：射雕英雄傳、監修：岡崎由美、譯：金海南）
《連城訣》（全2巻、原名：連城訣、監修：岡崎由美、譯：阿部敦子）
《神雕剣俠》（全5巻、原名：神雕俠侶、譯：岡崎由美・鬆田京子）
《倚天屠竜記》（全5巻、原名：倚天屠竜記、監修：岡崎由美、譯：林久之・阿部敦子）
《越女剣》（全1巻、原名：白馬嘯西風、鴛鴦刀、越女劍、監修：岡崎由美、譯：林久之・伊藤未央）
《飛狐外伝》（全3巻、原名：飛狐外傳、監修：岡崎由美、譯：阿部敦子）
《天竜八部》（全8巻、原名：天竜八部、監修：岡崎由美、譯：土屋文子）
《鹿鼎記》（全8巻、原名：鹿鼎記、譯：岡崎由美・小島瑞紀）
英文版：
The Book and the Sword（《書劍恩仇錄》，全一册）牛津大學出版社，譯：恩沙（Graham Earnshaw）；監修：閔福德（John Minford）、Rachel May
The Deer and the Cauldron（《鹿鼎記》，3册））牛津大學出版社，譯：閔福德（John Minford）
The Legend of the Condor Heroes（《射雕英雄傳》）已停止
Fox Volant of the Snowy Mountain（《雪山飛狐》，全一册）香港中文大學出版社，譯：莫錦屏（Olivia Mok）
其它作品
《三劍樓隨筆》（與梁羽生、百劍堂主合著）
《袁崇煥評傳》（文化普及性作品，非學術性著作，收錄在《碧血劍》中）
《三十三劍客圖》（又名《卅三劍客圖》）
《金庸散文集》
《月雲》（帶有自傳性質的短篇小說）
約兩萬篇社論，如《寧要褲子，不要核彈》、《火速！救命！——請立刻組織搶救對上梧桐山》、《巨大的痛苦和不幸》、《自來皇帝不喜太子》等，在大陸未結集出版。
是《香港基本法》主要起草人之一。
另外，還有《韋小寶這小傢夥》、《一國兩製和自由人權》等諸多文學評論、散文、及由他人整理的演講稿。
《神雕俠侶》
改編成電視電影作品
金庸小說作品除了以小說流傳，更有改編成電視、電影、漫畫、動畫、電腦遊戲、及相關主題麯，深入全球華人社會的民心。
《天竜八部》
1977，電影，邵氏公司，導演鮑學禮，李修賢飾段譽，恬妞飾木婉清，林珍奇飾鐘靈。
1982，電視，香港無綫，梁傢仁飾喬峰，黃日華飾虛竹，湯鎮業飾段譽，石修飾慕容復，陳玉蓮飾王語嫣，黃杏秀飾阿朱／鐘靈，楊盼盼飾木婉清。
1991，電視，臺灣中視，惠天賜飾喬峰，關禮傑飾段譽，崔浩然飾慕蓉復，宋崗陵飾王語嫣。
1994，電影，《新天竜八部之天山童姥》（香港）錢永強，編劇張炭。林青霞飾李滄海，鞏俐飾童姥，張敏飾阿紫，徐少強飾丁春秋。
1997，電視，香港無綫，《新天竜八部》，黃日華飾喬峰，陳浩民飾段譽，張國強飾慕蓉復，李若彤飾王語嫣。
2003，電視，大陸，製片人張紀中，鬍軍飾喬峰，林志穎飾段譽，修慶飾慕蓉復，劉亦菲飾王語嫣，劉濤飾阿朱，鐘麗緹飾馬夫人康敏。
《射雕英雄傳》
1976，電視，香港佳視，白彪飾郭靖，梁小竜飾楊康，米雪飾黃蓉。
1977，電影，邵氏公司，傅聲飾郭靖，恬妞飾黃蓉，李修賢飾歐陽剋，李藝民飾楊康，惠英紅飾穆念慈，𠔌峰飾洪七公，郭追飾周伯通。
1983，電視，香港無綫，黃日華飾郭靖，翁美玲飾黃蓉，苗僑偉飾楊康。
1988，電視，臺灣中視，黃文豪飾郭靖，潘宏彬飾楊康，陳玉蓮飾黃蓉。
1992，電視，香港無綫，《中神通王重陽》 鄭伊健飾王重陽，梁佩玲飾林朝英。
1993，電視，香港無綫，《射雕英雄傳之九陰真經》 薑大衛飾黃藥師，梁佩玲飾馮蘅。
1993，電影，《射雕英雄傳之東成西就》，學者電影公司，導演劉鎮偉，張學友飾洪七公，張國榮飾黃藥師，梁傢輝飾段智興，梁朝偉飾歐陽峰，劉嘉玲飾周伯通，鐘鎮濤飾王重陽。
1994，電視，香港無綫，張智霖飾郭靖，羅嘉良飾楊康，朱茵飾黃蓉，關寶慧飾穆念慈。
1994，電視，《射雕英雄傳之南帝北丐》，香港無綫，鄭伊健飾段智興(展智興)，魏駿傑飾洪七，黃小燕飾程雪芯，陳加玲飾劉瑛，陳慧儀飾苗思恩，黎耀祥飾周伯通。
1994，電影，《東邪西毒》，學者電影公司，導演王傢衛，張國榮飾歐陽鋒、林青霞飾慕容燕／慕容嫣，梁傢輝飾黃藥師，梁朝偉飾盲劍客，張學友飾洪七公，劉嘉玲飾桃花。
2003，電視，大陸，製片人張紀中，李亞鵬飾郭靖，周迅飾黃蓉。
2008,電視，香港唐人公司，導演李國立，鬍歌飾郭靖，林依晨飾黃蓉。
《神雕俠侶》
1960，電視4集，香港粵語長片，謝賢飾楊過，南紅飾小竜女。
1982，《楊過與小竜女》，邵氏公司，張國榮飾楊過，翁靜晶飾小竜女。
1976，電視，香港佳視，羅樂林飾楊過，李通明飾小竜女。
1982，電影，邵氏公司，傅聲飾楊過，黃淑儀飾小竜女。
1983，電視，香港無綫，劉德華飾楊過，陳玉蓮飾小竜女。
1984，電視，臺灣中視，孟飛飾楊過，潘迎紫飾小竜女。
1995，電視，香港無綫31集，古天樂飾楊過，李若彤飾小竜女。
1998，電視，新加坡電視機構，李銘順飾楊過，範文芳飾小竜女。
1998，電視，臺灣臺視47集，任賢齊飾楊過，吳倩蓮飾小竜女。
2006，電視，大陸，40集，製片人張紀中，黃曉明飾楊過，劉亦菲飾小竜女。
《倚天屠竜記》
1978，電影，邵氏公司，爾鼕陞飾張無忌，井莉飾趙敏，餘安安飾周芷若。
1979，電視，香港無綫，鄭少秋飾張無忌，汪明荃飾趙敏，趙雅芝飾周芷若。
1984，電視，臺灣臺視，劉德凱飾張無忌，劉玉璞飾趙敏，喻可欣飾周芷若。
1986，電視，香港無綫，梁朝偉飾張無忌，黎美嫻飾趙敏，鄧萃雯飾周芷若。
1993，電影，《倚天屠竜記之魔教教主》，永盛電影公司，李連傑飾張無忌，張敏飾趙敏，黎姿飾周芷若，邱淑貞飾小昭。
1993，電視，臺灣臺視，馬景濤飾張無忌，葉童飾趙敏，周海媚飾周芷若，孫興飾楊逍。
2000，電視，香港無綫，吳啓華飾張無忌，黎姿飾趙敏，佘詩曼飾周芷若。
2003，電視，臺灣華視，蘇有朋飾張無忌，賈靜雯飾趙敏，高圓圓飾周芷若。
《鹿鼎記》
1977，電視，香港佳視，文雪兒飾韋小寶，程思俊飾康熙。
1983，電影，香港，汪禹飾韋小寶，劉傢輝飾康熙。
1984，電視，香港無綫，梁朝偉飾韋小寶，劉德華飾康熙，商天娥飾阿珂／陳圓圓，劉嘉玲飾方怡。
1984，電視，臺灣中視，李小飛飾韋小寶，周紹棟飾康熙，貝心瑜飾雙兒。
1992，電影，寰亞綜藝電影公司，周星馳飾韋小寶，溫兆倫飾康熙，邱淑貞飾建寧公主，林青霞飾神竜教主，徐錦江飾鰲拜，劉鬆仁飾陳近南，張敏飾太後。
1998，電視，香港無綫，陳小春飾韋小寶，馬瀎偉飾康熙，梁小冰飾阿珂／陳圓圓。
2000，電視，臺灣華視，張衛健飾韋小寶，譚耀文飾康熙，朱茵飾阿珂，林心如飾建寧公主，鄭伊健飾陳近南。
2006，電視，大陸，製片人張紀中，正在拍攝中，黃曉明飾韋小寶，應采兒飾阿珂。
《笑傲江湖》
1978，電影，邵氏公司，汪禹飾令狐衝，施思飾任盈盈。
1984，電視，香港無綫，周潤發飾令狐衝，陳秀珠飾任盈盈，戚美珍飾嶽靈珊，董瑋飾林平之。
1985，電視，臺灣臺視，梁傢仁飾令狐衝，劉雪華飾任盈盈，應采靈飾嶽靈珊。
1990，電影，金公主娛樂，許冠傑飾令狐衝，張敏飾任盈盈，葉童飾嶽靈珊，張學友飾林平之。
1992，電影，《笑傲江湖Ⅱ東方不敗》，（金公主娛樂），李連傑飾令狐衝，關芝琳飾任盈盈，李嘉欣飾嶽靈珊，林青霞飾東方不敗。
1996，電視，香港無綫，呂頌賢飾令狐衝， 梁佩玲飾任盈盈，陳采嵐飾嶽靈珊。
2000，電視，臺灣中視，任賢齊飾令狐衝，袁詠儀飾任盈盈，陳德容飾嶽靈珊。
2000，電視，新加坡電視機構，馬景濤飾令狐衝，範文芳飾任盈盈，李錦梅飾嶽靈珊，鄭秀珍飾東方不敗。
2001，電視，大陸央視，製片人張紀中，李亞鵬飾令狐衝，許晴飾任盈盈。
《書劍恩仇錄》
1976，電視，香港無綫，鄭少秋飾陳傢洛／福康安／乾隆，汪明荃飾霍青桐，餘安安飾香香公主，李司棋飾洛冰。
1981，電影，邵氏公司，狄竜飾陳傢洛，白彪飾乾隆。
1986，電視，臺灣臺視《書劍江山》遊天竜飾陳傢洛／乾隆，森森飾霍青桐，楊麗音飾香香公主。
1987，電視，香港無綫，彭文堅飾陳傢洛，羅慧娟飾霍青桐，梁佩玲飾香香公主，任達華飾乾隆，黎美嫻飾李沅芷。
1987，電影，許鞍華導演（因片長過長而將下半部改名為《香香公主》分別上映）。
1992，電視，臺灣華視48集，導演鞠覺亮， 何傢勁飾陳傢洛，瀋孟生飾乾隆，劉雪華飾霍青桐，傅娟飾香香公主，竜隆飾張召重，金玉嵐飾洛冰，於佳卉飾李沅芷。
1994，電視，大陸央視，黃海冰飾陳傢洛，王衛國飾乾隆，王菁華飾霍青桐，楊雅娜飾香香公主。
2002，電視，臺灣中視、香港唐人公司、新加坡報業傳訊，趙文卓飾陳傢洛，陳昭榮飾乾隆，關詠荷飾霍青桐，顔穎思飾香香公主，謝君豪飾餘魚同，孫莉飾李沅芷，梁榮忠飾徐天宏。
《雪山飛狐》
笑傲江湖
1977，電視，香港佳視，衛子云(鬍一刀/鬍斐) 白彪(苗人鳳) 羅樂林(田歸農) 馬海倫(鬍夫人) 文雪兒(程靈素) 米雪(袁紫衣) 李通明(苗若蘭)
1986，電視，香港無綫，呂良偉(鬍一刀/鬍斐) 謝賢(苗人鳳) 曾江(田歸農) 趙雅芝(馬春花) 陳秀珠(苗夫人南蘭) 戚美珍(鬍夫人) 景黛音(程靈素) 周秀蘭(袁紫衣) 曾華倩(苗若蘭) 黃允材(福康安/陳傢洛)
1991，電視，臺灣，孟飛(鬍一刀/鬍斐) 龔慈恩(程靈素) 伍宇娟(袁紫衣/袁銀姑/圓性) 林煒(福康安/陳傢洛) 呂瑩盈(馬春花) 慕思成(苗人鳳) 湯鎮宗(田歸農)
1998，電視，香港無綫，黃日華(鬍一刀) 陳錦鴻(鬍斐) 佘詩曼(苗若蘭) 張兆輝(田歸農) 尹揚明(苗人鳳) 魏駿傑(福安康/陳傢洛) 滕麗明(袁紫衣+馬春花-合成新角:聶桑青)
《飛狐外傳》
1977，電視，與雪山飛狐合成一劇，劇名仍作雪山飛狐，香港佳視，衛子云飾鬍斐， 文雪兒飾程靈素。
1993，電影，嘉禾電影公司，導演潘文傑，黎明飾鬍斐，李嘉欣飾程靈素。
碧血劍
1977，電視，香港佳視 陳強飾袁承志，文雪兒飾溫青青，石天飾金蛇郎君，李通明飾阿九。
1985，電視，香港無綫，黃日華飾袁承志，莊靜而飾溫青青，毛舜筠飾阿九，苗僑偉飾金蛇郎君。
1993，電影，《新碧血劍》，永盛電影公司，元彪飾袁承志，張敏飾阿九，李修賢飾金蛇郎君。
2000，電視，香港無綫，林傢棟飾袁承志，歐子欣飾溫青青，佘詩曼飾阿九，江華飾金蛇郎君。
2006，電視，大陸，總導演、製片人張紀中，正在拍攝中。竇智孔飾袁承志，黃聖依飾溫青青，焦恩俊飾金蛇郎君，郭金飾何紅藥。
《俠客行》
1985，電視，臺灣華視，莫少聰 (石中玉 石破天)
1989，電視，香港無綫，梁朝偉 (石中玉 石破天)
2001，電視，40集，內蒙古電視臺王新民導演，吳健扮演石破天，周莉扮演丁當。
《連城訣》
1989，電視，香港無綫，郭晉安飾狄雲，黎美嫻飾戚芳。
2004，電視，30集，內蒙古電視臺王新民導演，吳越扮演狄雲，何美鈿扮演戚芳，舒暢扮演水笙，杜志國扮演萬震山，六小齡童扮演花鐵幹。
《越女劍》
1986‧電視，麗的電視 李賽鳳飾阿青，嶽華飾范蠡。
漠漠輕寒上小樓，曉陰無賴似窮秋
金庸-學術研究
金庸
金庸研究涉及法律、歷史和佛學諸領域，他曾發表多篇論文，如《色藴論》、《袁崇煥評傳》、《成吉思汗及其傢族》、《全真教考》，等待。他於香港大學設立了“查良鏞學術基金”，並擔任主席，邀請各國學者定期舉行學術講座和研討會。
自八十年代至今，金庸先後獲得香港大學、香港理工大學、香港公開大學、加拿大英屬哥倫比亞大學和日本創價大學授以博士學位，並獲得香港大學、加拿大英屬哥倫比亞大學、中國的北京大學、南開大學、蘇州大學和臺灣國立清華大學聘任為名譽教授，以及英國牛津大學聖安東尼學院、慕蓮學院，英國劍橋大學 魯賓森學院及李約瑟研究院、澳洲 墨爾本大學和新加坡 東亞研究所選為榮譽院士。
金庸現任浙江大學 人文學院院長、教授、博士生導師；英國牛津大學 漢學研究院高級研究員；加拿大英屬哥倫比亞大學文學院兼任教授；香港明河集團有限公司主席。
金庸-金學研究
由於金庸小說深受歡迎，不少文字工作者都提筆撰寫感想、書評，於是就有了“金學”一詞。不過金庸本身對這名稱有點抗拒，認為有高攀專研紅樓夢的紅學之嫌。現在大多統稱“金庸小說研究”。而最先“研究”金庸小說，倪匡第一人。
金庸
當臺灣“遠景”取得金庸小說版權後，出版一係列由瀋登恩主編的“金學研究叢書”，由旗下著名作傢分別評論金庸小說，分別有五集《諸子百傢看金庸》（三毛、董千裏、羅竜治、林燕妮、翁靈文、杜南發等）、楊興安的《漫談金庸筆下世界》及《續談金庸筆下世界》、溫瑞安的《談笑傲江湖》、《析雪山飛狐與鴛鴦刀》及《天竜八部欣賞舉隅》、《情之探索與神雕俠侶》（陳沛然）、《讀金庸偶得》（舒國治）、《金庸的武俠世界》（蘇墱基）、《話說金庸》（潘國森）及《通宵達旦讀金庸》（薛興國）等，其中倪匡寫的《我看金庸小說》大受歡迎，一看再看直到五看纔告一段落。
期間“博益”及“明窗”亦出版了一係列名人談金庸的叢書，當時任職《明報》督印人的吳靄儀亦寫了《金庸小說的男子》、《金庸小說看人生》、《金庸小說的女子》及《金庸小說的情》，楊興安的《金庸筆下世界》。當金庸小說在內地正式授權出版後，“金庸小說研究”更為熱鬧，除小說內容、人物、歷史背景以至武功招式及飲食菜譜等，不一而足。其中比較不同版本之間的差別更是研究的重點。現時衹有陳墨和潘國森依然經常評論金庸小說。
金學研究書目（普及類）：
孔慶東：《笑書神俠》、《醉眼看金庸》、《金庸俠語》
倪匡：《我看金庸小說》、《再看金庸小說》、《三看金庸小說》、《四看金庸小說》、《五看金庸小說》（下半部為陳沛然所著）
吳靄儀：《金庸小說的男子》、《金庸小說看人生》、《金庸小說的女子》、《金庸小說的情》
楊興安：《金庸筆下世界》、《金庸小說十談》
項莊（董千裏）：《金庸小說評彈》
合著：《諸子百傢看金庸》（五輯）
金庸-人物評價
金庸
金庸著述甚豐，迄今為止他已寫下十五部長篇小說，分別為： 《書劍恩仇錄》 、《碧血劍》、《射鵰英雄傳》、《神鵰俠侶》、《雪山飛狐》、《飛狐外傳》、《倚天屠竜記》、《連城訣》、《天竜八部》、《俠客行》、《笑傲江湖》、《鹿鼎記》、《鴛鴦刀》、《白馬嘯西風》、《越女劍》。其中若幹部小說已譯成英文、日文、法文、泰文、越文、馬來文及朝鮮文等在海外出版發行。同時，這十五部作品均被改編為電視連續劇、廣播劇和舞臺劇等，陸續在世界各地上演。金庸於五十年代下半葉至六十年代初，還曾擔任香港長城電影公司的編劇和導演，創作了十餘部電影劇本，其中《絶代佳人》獲中華人民共和國文化部金章奬。此外，金庸還為報刊雜志撰寫大量的隨筆、散文、電影短評和戲劇評論。
與諾貝爾文學奬金
庸能不能拿諾貝爾文學奬這一爭論從上世紀90年代末起就有爭論，曾有好事之人發出了《一份授予金庸諾貝爾文學奬的倡議書》，附合者有之，反對者有之，惡搞者亦有之。
2002年網絡著名流氓組織紅通社的創始人之一會飛的豬曾經惡搞過一篇《金庸終獲諾貝爾文學奬》一文，結果被作傢信以為真，轉載至網站頭條，被引為笑談。
金庸-與金庸有關的遊戲
網遊《金庸群俠傳》
網絡遊戲
：《金庸群俠傳1》、《金庸群俠傳2》、《天竜八部》
單機遊戲：新神雕俠侶，新神雕俠侶2情緣之約
魔獸RPG遊戲：夢幻金庸群俠傳，金庸群俠傳，新金庸群俠傳1，新金庸群俠傳2，倚天屠竜記，天竜八部，笑傲江湖2五嶽劍派，笑傲江湖，笑傲江湖2外傳東方再起，天竜八部之六脈神劍，鹿鼎記，射雕英雄傳，神雕，神雕2，真.倚天屠竜記
金庸-獲得劍橋大學博士
2010年9月，武俠小說名傢金庸(查良鏞)86歲考獲英國劍橋大學博士，金庸的老師、劍橋漢學名譽教授麥大維(David McMullen)表示，金庸的博士論文研究唐代盛世時期，東宮太子繼承皇位制度，由開國的唐高祖說到唐玄宗，不單生動刻劃了古代太子的禮節、職責、繼位儀式及東宮的影響力，更透過整合正史、野史，分析太子繼位牽涉的宮廷政治及權力鬥爭。
2010年7月，劍橋大學决定嚮金庸頒授哲學博士學位。金庸和其它博士生一樣，撰寫論文的過程中會拿着草稿跟麥大維多次討論修訂。金庸申請念博士時，已獲劍橋頒授榮譽博士。金庸曾說自己追求的不是學位，而是學問，而他獲劍橋取錄的條件是：博士論文一定要有創見。
金庸-2010中國作傢富豪榜
2010年11月15日，《2010年度中國作傢富豪榜》出爐，金庸以350萬元的年版稅收入排名第十二。
香港四大才子
收起
香港四大才子指的是香港四名出色文人，分別為金庸、倪匡、黃霑和蔡瀾，四人各有所長，而且均為好友，也是腹中飽有文學之輩，因而合稱香港四大才子。四人中，黃霑已因癌病於2004年逝世，當時是一件轟動香港的大事。四大才子是一個時代的象徵，是香港文化的一個縮影，是一段富有傳奇色彩的里程碑。在我們談及香港文化的時候，希望我們的腦際隨時可以想起：寫流行麯的沾叔與寫科幻的倪匡、寫美食的蔡瀾和寫武俠的金庸，他們並稱為“香港四大才子”。
人物 生卒 籍貫 擅長 代表作
金庸 1924---- 浙江海寧 武俠、時評 《飛狐外傳》； 《倚天屠竜記》《神雕俠侶》；《射雕英雄傳》
倪匡 1935--- 上海 偵探、武俠、言情 《六指琴魔》；衛斯理係列；浪子高達係列
黃霑 1941--2004 廣州 寫作、作詞 《上海灘》；《鐵血丹心》；《滄海一聲笑》；《我的中國心》
蔡瀾 1941-- 廣東潮州 製片人、美食傢、作傢 《今夜不設防》；《忙裏偷閑》；《附庸風雅》；《狂又何妨》
Louis Cha Leung-yung GBM OBE (Chinese: 查良鏞; 6 February 1924 – 30 October 2018), better known by his pen name Jin Yong (Chinese: 金庸), pronounced "Gum Yoong" in Cantonese, was a Chinese wuxia ("martial arts and chivalry") novelist and essayist who co-founded the Hong Kong daily newspaper Ming Pao in 1959 and served as its first editor-in-chief. He was Hong Kong's most famous writer.
His wuxia novels have a widespread following in Chinese communities worldwide. His 15 works written between 1955 and 1972 earned him a reputation as one of the greatest and most popular wuxia writers ever. By the time of his death he was the best-selling Chinese author, and over 100 million copies of his works have been sold worldwide (not including an unknown number of pirated copies). According to The Oxford Guide to Contemporary World Literature, Jin Yong's novels are considered to be of very high quality and are able to appeal to both highbrow and lowbrow tastes. His works have the unusual ability to transcend geographical and ideological barriers separating Chinese communities of the world, achieving a greater success than any other contemporary Hong Kong writer.
His works have been translated into many languages including English, French, Korean, Japanese, Vietnamese, Thai, Burmese, Malay and Indonesian. He has many fans outside of Chinese-speaking areas, as a result of the numerous adaptations of his works into films, television series, comics and video games.
The asteroid 10930 Jinyong (1998 CR2) is named after him.
Jin Yong is named along with Gu Long and Liang Yusheng as the "Three Legs of the Tripod of Wuxia".
Early life
Cha was born Zha Liangyong in Haining, Zhejiang in Republican China, the second of seven children. He hailed from the scholarly Zha clan of Haining (海寧查氏), whose members included notable literati of the late Ming and early Qing dynasties such as Zha Jizuo (1601–1676), Zha Shenxing (查慎行; 1650–1727) and Zha Siting (查嗣庭; died 1727). His grandfather, Zha Wenqing (查文清), obtained the position of a tong jinshi chushen (third class graduate) in the imperial examination during the Qing dynasty. His father, Zha Shuqing (查樞卿), was arrested and executed by the Communist government for allegedly being a counterrevolutionary during the Campaign to Suppress Counterrevolutionaries in the early 1950s. Zha Shuqing was later posthumously declared innocent in the 1980s.
Cha was an avid reader of literature from an early age, especially wuxia and classical fiction. He was once expelled from his high school for openly criticising the Nationalist government as autocratic. He studied at Jiaxing No. 1 Middle School in 1937 but was expelled in 1941. He continued his high school education at Quzhou No. 1 Secondary School and graduated in 1943.
Education
Cha was admitted to the Department of Foreign Languages at the Central University of Political Affairs in Chongqing. Cha later dropped out of the school. He took the entrance exam and gained admission to the Faculty of Law at Soochow University, where he majored in international law with the intention of pursuing a career in the foreign service.
In 2005, Cha applied at Cambridge University for a doctorate in Asian Studies, which he obtained in 2010. In 2009, Cha applied for another doctorate in Chinese literature at Peking University, which he earned in 2013.
Career
Cha was a journalist. When Cha was transferred to New Evening Post (of British Hong Kong) as Deputy Editor, he met Chen Wentong, who wrote his first wuxia novel under the pseudonym "Liang Yusheng" in 1953. Chen and Cha became good friends and it was under the former's influence that Cha began work on his first serialised martial arts novel, The Book and the Sword, in 1955. In 1957, while still working on wuxia serialisations, he quit his previous job and worked as a scenarist-director and scriptwriter at Great Wall Movie Enterprises Ltd and Phoenix Film Company.
In 1959, Cha co-founded the Hong Kong newspaper Ming Pao with his high school classmate Shen Baoxin (瀋寶新). Cha served as its editor-in-chief for years, writing both serialised novels and editorials, amounting to some 10,000 Chinese characters per day. His novels also earned him a large readership. Cha completed his last wuxia novel in 1972, after which he officially retired from writing novels, and spent the remaining years of that decade editing and revising his literary works instead. The first complete definitive edition of his works appeared in 1979. In 1980, Cha wrote a postscript to Wu Gongzao's taiji classic Wu Jia Taijiquan, where he described influences from as far back as Laozi and Zhuangzi on contemporary Chinese martial arts.
By then, Cha's wuxia novels had gained great popularity in Chinese-speaking areas. All of his novels have since been adapted into films, TV shows and radio dramas in Hong Kong, Taiwan and China. The important characters in his novels are so well known to the public that they can be alluded to with ease between all three regions.
In the late 1970s, Cha was involved in Hong Kong politics. After Deng Xiaoping, a Jin Yong fan, came to power and initiated the reform and opening-up process, Cha became the first non-Communist Hong Konger to meet with Deng. He was a member of the Hong Kong Basic Law drafting committee but resigned in protest after the Tiananmen Square incident in 1989. He was also part of the Preparatory Committee set up in 1996 by the Chinese government to monitor the 1997 transfer of sovereignty.
In 1993, Cha prepared for retirement from editorial work and sold all his shares in Ming Pao.
Personal life
Cha's parents were Zha Shuqing (查樞卿) and Xu Lu (徐祿). He had four brothers and two sisters, and was the second oldest among the seven of them. His brothers were Zha Liangjian (查良鏗; 1916–1988), Zha Lianghao (查良浩; b. 1934), Zha Liangdong (查良棟; fl. 1930s) and Zha Liangyu (查良鈺; b. 1936). His sisters were Zha Liangxiu (查良琇; b. 1926) and Zha Liangxuan (查良璇; 1928–2002).
Cha married three times. His first wife was Du Zhifen (杜治芬), whom he married in 1948 but divorced later. In 1953, he married his second wife, Zhu Mei (朱玫), a newspaper journalist. They had two sons and two daughters: Zha Chuanxia (查傳俠), Zha Chuanti (查傳倜), Zha Chuanshi (查傳詩) and Zha Chuanne (查傳訥). Cha divorced Zhu in 1976 and married his third wife, Lin Leyi (林樂怡; b. 1953), who was 29 years his junior and 16 years old when they married. In 1976, his son Zha Chuanxia, then 19 years old, committed suicide after a quarrel with his girlfriend while studying at Columbia University.
Death
On 30 October 2018, Cha died after a long illness at the Hong Kong Sanatorium & Hospital in Happy Valley, Hong Kong, aged 94.
His funeral service was held privately at Hong Kong Funeral Home in Quarry Bay in 13 November 2018 with his family and friends, with well known figures including writers Ni Kuang, Chua Lam, Chip Tsao, Benny Lee, producer Zhang Jizhong, actor Huang Xiaoming, former President of the Hong Kong Polytechnic University Poon Chung-kwong, image designer Tina Liu, politicians Tung Chee-hwa and Edward Leong, and founder of Alibaba Group Jack Ma among them in attendance.
At noon, his coffin was moved to Po Lin Monastery at Ngong Ping, Lantau Island, where he was cremated and his ashes was interred at the Hoi Wui Tower’s columbarium.
Decorations and conferments
In addition to his wuxia novels, Cha also wrote many non-fiction works on Chinese history. For his achievements, he received many honours.
Cha was made an Officer of the Order of the British Empire (OBE) by the British government in 1981. He was made a Chevalier de la Légion d'Honneur (1992) and a Commandeur de l'Ordre des Arts et des Lettres (2004) by the French government.
Cha was also an honorary professor at Peking University, Zhejiang University, Nankai University, Soochow University, Huaqiao University, National Tsing Hua University, Hong Kong University (Department of Chinese Studies), the University of British Columbia, and Sichuan University. Cha was an honorary doctor at National Chengchi University, Hong Kong University (Department of Social Science), Hong Kong Polytechnic University, the Open University of Hong Kong, the University of British Columbia, Soka University and the University of Cambridge. He was also an honorary fellow of St Antony's College, Oxford and Robinson College, Cambridge, and a Waynflete Fellow of Magdalen College, Oxford.
When receiving his honorary doctorate at the University of Cambridge in 2004, Cha expressed his wish to be a full-time student at Cambridge for four years to attain a non-honorary doctorate. In July 2010, Cha earned his Doctor of Philosophy in oriental studies (Chinese history) at St John's College, Cambridge with a thesis on imperial succession in the early Tang dynasty.
Novels
Cha wrote a total of 15 fictional works, of which one ("Sword of the Yue Maiden") is a short story and the other 14 are novels and novellas of varying lengths. Most of his novels were first published in daily instalments in newspapers, then later in book editions. The novels are:
| English title | Chinese title[T 1] | Date of first publication | First published publication | Character count |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| The Book and the Sword | 書劍恩仇錄 | 8 February 1955 – 5 September 1956 | New Evening Post | 513,000 |
| Sword Stained with Royal Blood | 碧血劍 | 1 January 1956 – 31 December 1956 | Hong Kong Commercial Daily | 488,000 |
| The Legend of the Condor Heroes | 射鵰英雄傳 | 1 January 1957 – 19 May 1959 | Hong Kong Commercial Daily | 918,000 |
| Fox Volant of the Snowy Mountain | 雪山飛狐 | 9 February 1959 – 18 June 1959 | New Evening Post | 130,000 |
| The Return of the Condor Heroes | 神鵰俠侶 | 20 May 1959 – 5 July 1961 | Ming Pao | 979,000 |
| The Young Flying Fox | 飛狐外傳 | 11 January 1960 – 6 April 1962 | Wuxia and History (武俠與歷史) | 439,000 |
| White Horse Neighs in the Western Wind | 白馬嘯西風 | 16 October 1961 – 10 January 1962 | Ming Pao | 67,000 |
| Blade-dance of the Two Lovers | 鴛鴦刀 | 1 May 1961 – 31 May 1961 | Ming Pao | 34,000 |
| The Heavenly Sword and Dragon Saber | 倚天屠竜記 | 6 July 1961 – 2 September 1963 | Ming Pao | 956,000 |
| A Deadly Secret | 連城訣 | 12 January 1964 – 28 February 1965 | Southeast Asia Weekly (東南亞周刊) | 229,000 |
| Demi-Gods and Semi-Devils | 天竜八部 | 3 September 1963 – 27 May 1966 | Ming Pao and Nanyang Siang Pau | 1,211,000 |
| Ode to Gallantry | 俠客行 | 11 June 1966 – 19 April 1967 | Ming Pao | 364,000 |
| The Smiling, Proud Wanderer | 笑傲江湖 | 20 April 1967 – 12 October 1969 | Ming Pao | 979,000 |
| The Deer and the Cauldron | 鹿鼎記 | 24 October 1969 – 23 September 1972 | Ming Pao | 1,230,000 |
| Sword of the Yue Maiden | 越女劍 | 1 January 1970 – 31 January 1970 | Ming Pao evening supplement | 16,000 |
| Yue Yun | 月雲 | 1 January 2000 – 31 January 2000 | Harvest Magazine | >3,300 |
- ^ Click to sort in order of the first-character couplet "飛雪連天射白鹿 笑書神俠倚碧鴛".
Of these, the long novels The Legend of the Condor Heroes, The Return of the Condor Heroes and The Heaven Sword and Dragon Saber make up the Condor Trilogy (considered by many to be Cha's magnum opus) and should be read in that order. The novel Demi-Gods and Semi-Devils can also be somehow seen as a prequel story to the Condor Trilogy. The novella Fox Volant of the Snowy Mountain and its prequel novel The Young Flying Fox are companion works with the same protagonist, and numerous characters from The Book and the Sword appear in The Young Flying Fox. A few major characters from Sword Stained with Royal Blood also appear in Cha's final novel The Deer and the Cauldron as minor characters, and some characters and sects from The Smiling, Proud Wanderer are mentioned in Sword Stained with Royal Blood.
Couplet
After Cha completed all his works, it was discovered that the first characters of the first 14 titles can be joined together to form a couplet with 7 characters on each line:
飛雪連天射白鹿
笑書神俠倚碧鴛
飛雪連天射白鹿
笑書神俠倚碧鴛
- Loose translation
Shooting a white deer, snow flutters around the skies;
Smiling, [one] writes about the divine chivalrous one, leaning against bluish lovebirds (or lover)
Cha stated that he had never intended to create the couplet. The couplet serves primarily as a handy mnemonic to remember all of Cha's works for his fans.
- "Sword of the Yue Maiden" was left out because it would be an odd number, thus the couplet would not be complete, also because the "Sword of the Yue Maiden" was so short it was not even considered a book.
Editions
Most of Cha's works were initially published in instalments in Hong Kong newspapers, most often in Ming Pao. The Return of the Condor Heroes was his first novel serialised in Ming Pao, launched on 20 May 1959. Between 1970 and 1980, Cha revised all of his works. The revised works of his stories are known as the "New Edition" (新版), also known as "Revised Edition" (修訂版), in contrast with the "Old Edition" (舊版), which refers to the original, serialised versions. Some characters and events were written out completely, most notably mystical elements and 'unnecessary' characters, such as the "Blood Red Bird" (小紅鳥) and "Qin Nanqin" (秦南琴), the mother of Yang Guo in the first edition.
In Taiwan, the situation is more complicated, as Cha's books were initially banned. As a result, there were multiple editions published underground, some of which were revised beyond recognition. Only in 1979 was Cha's complete collection published by Taiwan's Yuenching Publishing House (遠景出版社).
In China, the Wulin (武林) magazine in Guangzhou was the first to officially publish Cha's works, starting from 1980. Cha's complete collection in Simplified Chinese was published by Beijing's SDX Joint Publishing in 1994. Meanwhile, Mingheshe Singapore-Malaysia (明河社星馬分公司) published his collection, in Simplified Chinese for Southeast Asian readers in 1995.
From 1999 to 2006, Cha revised his novels for the second and last time. Each of his works was carefully revised, re-edited and re-issued in the order in which he wrote them. This revision was completed in spring 2006, with the publication of the last novel, The Deer and the Cauldron. The newer revised edition, known variably as the "New Century Edition" (世紀新修版), "New Revised Edition" (新修版) and "New New Edition" (新新版), is noted for its annotations where Cha answers previous criticisms directed at the historical accuracy of his works. In the newer revision, certain characters' personae were changed, such as Wang Yuyan, and many martial art skills and places have their names changed. This edition faced a number of criticisms from Cha's fans, some of whom prefer the older storyline and names. The older 1970–80 "New Edition" (新版) is no longer issued by Cha's publisher Mingheshe (明河社). In mainland China, it is re-issued as "Langsheng, Old Edition" (朗聲舊版) in simplified Chinese characters format.
Patriotism, jianghu and development of heroism
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Chinese nationalism or patriotism is a strong theme in Cha's works. In most of his works, Cha places emphasis on the idea of self-determination and identity, and many of his novels are set in time periods when China was occupied or under the threat of occupation by non-Han Chinese peoples such as the Khitans, Jurchens, Mongols and Manchus. However, Cha gradually evolved his Chinese nationalism into an inclusionist concept which encompasses all present-day non-Han Chinese minorities. Cha expresses a fierce admiration for positive traits of non-Han Chinese people personally, such as the Mongols and Manchus. In The Legend of the Condor Heroes, for example, he casts Genghis Khan and his sons as capable and intelligent military leaders against the corrupt and ineffective bureaucrats of the Han Chinese-led Song dynasty.
Cha's references range from traditional Chinese medicine, acupuncture, martial arts, music, calligraphy, weiqi, tea culture, philosophical schools of thought such as Confucianism, Buddhism and Taoism and imperial Chinese history. Historical figures often intermingle with fictional ones, making it difficult for the layperson to distinguish which are real.
His works show a great amount of respect and approval for traditional Chinese values, especially Confucian ideals such as the proper relationship between ruler and subject, parent and child, elder sibling and younger sibling, and (particularly strongly, due to the wuxia nature of his novels), between master and apprentice, and among fellow apprentices. However, he also questions the validity of these values in the face of a modern society, such as ostracism experienced by his two main characters – Yang Guo's romantic relationship with his teacher Xiaolongnü in The Return of the Condor Heroes. Cha also places a great amount of emphasis on traditional values such as face and honour.
In all but his 14th work, The Deer and the Cauldron, the protagonists or heroes are explored meticulously through their relationships with their teachers, their immediate kin and relatives, and with their suitors or spouses. In each, the heroes have attained the zenith in martial arts and most would be the epitome or embodiment of the traditional Chinese values in words or deeds, i.e. virtuous, honourable, respectable, gentlemanly, responsible, patriotic, and so forth.
In The Deer and the Cauldron, Cha departed from his usual writing style, creating in its main protagonist Wei Xiaobao an antihero who is greedy, lazy, and utterly disdainful of traditional rules of propriety. Cha intentionally created an anticlimax and an antihero possessing none of the desirable traditional values and no knowledge of any form of martial arts, and dependent upon a protective vest made of alloy to absorb full-frontal attack when in trouble and a dagger that can cut through anything. Wei is a street urchin and womanising weasel, with no admirable qualities whatsoever.[citation needed] The fiction writer Ni Kuang wrote a connected[clarification needed] critique of all of Cha's works and concluded that Cha concluded his work with The Deer and the Cauldron as a satire to his earlier work and to restore a balanced perspective in readers.
Criticisms
The study of Cha's works has spun off a specific area of study and discussion: Jinology. For years, readers and critics have written works discussing, debating and analysing his fictional world of martial arts; among the most famous are those by Cha's close friend and science fiction novelist, Ni Kuang. Ni is a fan of Cha, and has written a series of criticisms analysing the various personalities and aspects of his books called I Read Jin Yong's Novels (我看金庸小說).
Despite Cha's popularity, some of his novels were banned outside of Hong Kong due to political reasons. A number of them were outlawed in the People's Republic of China in the 1970s as they were thought to be satires of Mao Zedong and the Cultural Revolution; others were banned in the Republic of China (Taiwan) as they were thought to be in support of the Communist Party of China. None of these bans are currently in force, and Cha's complete collection has been published multiple times in Mainland China, Hong Kong and Taiwan. Many politicians on both sides of the Straits are known to be readers of his works; Deng Xiaoping, for example, was a well-known reader himself.
In late 2004, the People's Education Publishing House (人民教育出版社) of the People's Republic of China sparked controversy by including an excerpt from Demi-Gods and Semi-Devils in a new senior high school Chinese textbook. While some praised the inclusion of popular literature, others feared that the violence and unrealistic martial arts described in Cha's works were unsuitable for high school students. At about the same time, Singapore's Ministry of Education announced a similar move for Chinese-learning students at secondary and junior college levels.
Timeline
| Era | Dynasty | Novel |
|---|---|---|
| 6th century BC | Eastern Zhou (Spring and Autumn period) | Sword of the Yue Maiden |
| 11th century | Northern Song | Demi-Gods and Semi-Devils |
| 13th century | Southern Song | The Legend of the Condor Heroes The Return of the Condor Heroes |
| 14th century | Southern Song/Yuan | The Heaven Sword and the Dragon Saber |
| 16th century | Ming | (The Smiling, Proud Wanderer) (Ode to Gallantry) |
| 17th century | Late Ming/Qing | White Horse Neighs in the Western Wind Sword Stained With Royal Blood The Deer and the Cauldron (A Deadly Secret) |
| 18th century | Qing | Blade-dance of the Two Lovers The Book and the Sword The Young Flying Fox Fox Volant of the Snowy Mountain |
| 1930s | The Republic of China (1912–1949) | Yue Yun (Moon Cloud) |
Translations of Cha's works
Official English translations currently available include:
- A Hero Born (Legends of the Condor Heroes #1) - is the first volume of the 4-volume novel, translated by Anna Holmwood, published by MacLehose Press.)
- A Bond Undone (Legends of the Condor Heroes #2) - translated by Gigi Chang, continues Holmwood's translation, published by Quercus Publishing.
- The Book and the Sword – published by Oxford University Press, translated by Graham Earnshaw, edited by John Minford and Rachel May.
- The Deer and the Cauldron (in three volumes) – published by Oxford University Press, translated by John Minford.
- Fox Volant of the Snowy Mountain – published by Chinese University Press, translated by Olivia Mok.
Other works available in English include:
- The Heaven Sword and Dragon Saber – in comic book form by Ma Wing-shing, published by ComicsOne
- The Legendary Couple – in comic book form by Tony Wong, published by ComicsOne
- The Return of the Condor Heroes – in comic book form by Wee Tian Beng, published by Asiapac Books
- Laughing in the Wind – DVD collection of the 2001 CCTV series with English subtitles released in the United States.
Adaptations
There are over 90 films and TV shows adapted from Cha's wuxia novels, including King Hu's The Swordsman (1990) and its sequel Swordsman II (1992), Wong Jing's 1992 films Royal Tramp and Royal Tramp II, and Wong Kar-wai's Ashes of Time (1994). Dozens of role-playing video games are based on Cha's novels, a notable example of which is Heroes of Jin Yong, which was based on the major characters and events in Cha's novels.
As film director
Jin Yong co-directed 2 films produced by Hong Kong's Great Wall Movie Enterprises. In both films he is credited as Cha Jing-yong, his official name in Hong Kong.
| Year | English title | Chinese title | Notes |
|---|---|---|---|
| 1958 | The Nature of Spring | 有女懷春 | Co-directed with Cheng Bugao, also writer |
| 1960 | Bride Hunter | 王老虎搶親 | Co-directed with Woo Siu-fung, Yue opera film |
See also
References
- ^ "'Cha Stone' unveiled". St John's College, Cambridge. 31 July 2012. Retrieved 7 April 2013.
- ^ "THE PRECEDENCE LIST OF THE HONG KONG SPECIAL ADMINISTRATIVE REGION" (PDF). Protocol Division Government Secretariat of Hong Kong. October 2018. Retrieved 17 October 2018.
- ^ Foong, Woei Wan (30 October 2018). "Obituary: Jin Yong fused martial arts fantasy, history and romance into must-read novels". The Straits Times. Retrieved 23 December 2018.
- ^ a b c Sturrock, John (1997). The Oxford Guide to Contemporary World Literature. Oxford University Press. p. 99. ISBN 978-0-19-283318-1.
- ^ Jin Yong and Daisaku Ikeda (2013). Compassionate Light in Asia: A Dialogue. I.B. Tauris. ISBN 978-1848851986.
- ^ (in Chinese) 金庸與武俠影視 CCTV. 24 June 2004. Retrieved 4 August 2006.
- ^ Discovery Circumstances: Numbered Minor Planets (10001)-(15000) IAU: Minor Planet Center 13 July 2006. Retrieved 4 August 2006.
- ^ Frisch, Nick (13 April 2018). "The Gripping Stories, and Political Allegories, of China's Best-Selling Author". The New Yorker – via www.newyorker.com.
- ^ Chen, Mo (2001). Shijue Jin Yong (視覺金庸) (in Chinese). Volume 1 (捲初). Taiwan: Yuan-Liou Publishing Company. ISBN 978-9573244653.
- ^ "金庸父親查樞卿1950年被人民政府槍决內幕(圖) [Behind the People's Government's execution of Jin Yong's father Zha Shuqing in 1950 (illustrated)]". wenxuecity.com (in Chinese). 18 October 2012. Retrieved 10 January 2018.
- ^ "Jin Yong and Quzhou". Zhejiang Quzhou No. 1 Middle School(in Chinese). 1 October 2004. Retrieved 9 August 2018.
- ^ Li, Wei. "Brief profile of Jin Yong". Jin Yong Inn (in Chinese). Archived from the original on 8 August 2007. Retrieved 22 August2018.
- ^ Wu, Kung-tsao (2006). Wu Family T'ai Chi Ch'uan (吳傢太極拳). Chien-ch'uan T'ai-chi Ch'uan Association. ISBN 978-0-9780499-0-4.
- ^ Hamm, John Christopher (2006). Paper Swordsmen: Jin Yong And the Modern Chinese Martial Arts Novel. University of Hawaii Press. p. 198. ISBN 9780824828950.
- ^ "Novelist, newspaper founder and sage". Asiaweek. 24 September 1999. Archived from the original on 20 September 2001. Retrieved 22 November 2007.
- ^ "查良鏗與金庸:"情比金堅"手足情 [The relationship between Jin Yong and Zha Liangjian is "stronger than metal"]". www.xzbu.com(in Chinese). 3 April 2014. Retrieved 27 May 2016.
- ^ "金庸大弟查良浩：代哥當上董事長 [Jin Yong's brother Zha Lianghao: Replacing his brother as Board Chairman]". hao1111.cn(in Chinese). 2014. Archived from the original on 6 August 2016. Retrieved 27 May 2016.
- ^ 金庸和他的兩位母親 生母是徐志摩堂姑媽
- ^ Pan, Zeping. "金庸兄弟的手足情 [The relationships between Jin Yong and his brothers]". shuku.net (in Chinese). Retrieved 27 May2016.
- ^ 金庸舊照上的印痕- 蔣連根(圖)
- ^ "金庸和他的兩個妹妹 [Jin Yong and his two younger sisters]". www.xzbu.com (in Chinese). 7 October 2012. Retrieved 27 May2016.
- ^ "中國最著名的十大老夫少妻【圖】 [Ten Most Famous Old Husband Young Wife Couples in China (Illustrated)]". laonanren.com (in Chinese). 13 August 2010. Retrieved 27 May2016.
- ^ Swashbuckler Extraordinaire – A Profile of Jin Yong Archived7 November 2012 at the Wayback Machine. Taiwan Panorama. 1998. Retrieved 10 January 2010
- ^ "揭"大俠"金庸4子女：長子查傳俠19歲時為情自縊 [Jin Yong's four children: Eldest son Zha Chuanxia hanged himself at the age of 19 due to relationship problems]". culture.ifeng.com (in Chinese). 1 April 2014. Retrieved 27 May 2016.
- ^ "Famed Chinese martial arts novelist Jin Yong dies aged 94: Hong Kong media". The Straits Times. 30 October 2018. Retrieved 30 October 2018.
- ^ "Friends and family pay final respects to literary giant Louis Cha". South China Morning Post. Retrieved 15 November 2018.
- ^ "Jin Yong's body cremated after private ceremony - RTHK". Retrieved 15 November 2018.
- ^ "Louis Cha 'Jin Yong', the man who united Chinese in the name of chivalry". SCMP. 31 October 2018. Retrieved 1 November 2018.
- ^ Louis Cha Awarded French Honor of Arts Xinhua News Agency. 14 October 2004. Retrieved 4 August 2006.
- ^ Octogenarian novelist wants to be student Shenzhen Daily. 23 June 2004. Retrieved 4 August 2006.
- ^ 以盛唐皇位制度作論文 金大俠考獲劍大博士學位 2010-09-12,
- ^ Louis, Cha (14 April 2018). "The imperial succession in Tang China, 618-762". University of Cambridge.
- ^ a b The dates conform to the data published in 陳鎮輝,《武俠小說逍遙談》, 2000, 匯智出版有限公司, pp. 56–58; 創意寫作係列：書寫香港@文學故事, 2008, Hong Kong Educational Publishing Company, p. 169; and the website 世上所有的正版金庸小說清單, authorised by the author
- ^ While Wang Yuyan accompanied Duan Yu back to Dali in older revisions, in the new revision she refused and stayed to serve Murong Fu instead. See Chapter 50 of Demi-Gods and Semi-Devils.
- ^ See 金庸小說.
- ^ (in Chinese) 金庸小說也走進本地教材 Lianhe Zaobao. 4 March 2005. Retrieved 4 August 2006.
- ^ A Hero Born, retrieved 7 January 2019
- ^ Thorpe, Vanessa (26 November 2017). "A hero reborn: 'China's Tolkien' aims to conquer western readers". The Guardian. Retrieved 26 November 2017.
Further reading
- Stateless Subjects: Chinese Martial Arts Literature and Postcolonial History, Chapters 3 and 4. Petrus Liu. (Cornell University, 2011).
External links
- Official website
- (in Chinese) Jin Yong Teahouse (金庸茶館) – fansite of Jin Yong's novels in Chinese
- (in Chinese) Jin Yong Jianghu (金庸江湖) – fansite, forums and complete works of Jin Yong's novels
- Jin Yong on IMDb
- Jin Yong in the Encyclopaedia of Science Fiction
- Jin Yong (Chinese author) at the Encyclopædia Britannic
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