唐代 皎然 Seng Jiaoran  唐代   (730~799)
尋陸鴻漸不遇 Not Finding Lu Hongxian at Home
奉酬於中丞使君郡齋臥病見示一首 Feng pay for An official's name Honorific fitle of civil governor of a province in ancient china County, Be on one's back See show a (poem)
贈李中丞洪一首 present Li zhong Cheng Hung a (poem)
杼山禪居寄贈東溪吳處士馮一首 Tochimoto Hill Zen home Wu donated Dongxi Department disabilities surname a (poem)
妙喜寺高房期靈澈上人不至,重招之一首 Miaoxi Temple of the high room Ling che Buddhist monk The trick is not to re- a (poem)
奉和薛員外誼贈湯評事衡反招隱之跡兼見寄十二韻 Feng and (surname) Ministry councillor Yi Tang gifts Appraise things through discussion Value for anti- To recruit people in retirement for government service The track and see the Send Troubadour charm
答黎士曹黎生前適越後之楚
答豆盧次方 answer Dou lu googol
答蘇州韋應物郎中 answer Suzhou (city) Wei yingwu physician trained in herb medicine
答鄭方回 A Cheng Fang Hui
答俞校書鼕夜
妙喜寺達公禪齋寄李司直公孫、房都曹德裕…四十二韻 Miaoxi temple up to the public zen vegetarian jilisizhi sp 4 Fangdou Cao de abundant The number 40 *40 two Rhyme
遙酬袁使君高春暮行縣,過報德寺見懷 Yao Yuan pay Honorific fitle of civil governor of a province in ancient china High spring evening over the county line Pay a debt of gratitude Temple, see Huai
鼕日遙和盧使君幼平、綦毋居士遊法華寺高頂臨湖亭 Winter Yao and Lu Honorific fitle of civil governor of a province in ancient china You ping Qi Wu A layman buddhist Swim hokkeji High-Top Pro Lake Pavilion
秋日遙和盧使君遊何山寺宿敡上人房論涅槃經義 Autumn Yaohelu Honorific fitle of civil governor of a province in ancient china Swim he shan Sisuyi Buddhist monk Fanglun Nirvana,bana Confucian classics argumentation
酬秦山人係題贈
奉酬袁使君高寺院新亭對雨(其亭即使君所創) Feng pay (surname) Honorific fitle of civil governor of a province in ancient china High Abbey New Pavilion On the rain The Pavilion Even Created by Jun
奉酬顔使君真卿見過郭中寺寺無山水之賞…以答焉 Feng pay colour Honorific fitle of civil governor of a province in ancient china Shinkyo not seen Guo Temple Temple Landscape The reward to answer Yan
酬烏程楊明府華雨後小亭對月見呈 fulfil Wu cheng Hua Yang Ming House After the rain Box See on the month was
自蘇州訪醫回酬盧士關判官見贈 from Suzhou (city) LU Shi-Kwan returns to visit doctors Official See gifts
題瀋道士新亭
送盧仲舒移傢海陵 Hailing Lu Zhongshu move home delivery Tomb
陪盧使君登樓送方巨之還京 Accompany Lu Honorific fitle of civil governor of a province in ancient china Ascend building Beijing also sent the square huge
同裴錄事樓上望 With PEI Copyist Upstairs hope
多首一頁
五律平起首句不押韻 An eight-line poem with five characters to a line and a strict tonal pattern and rhyme scheme calm At first Goubu rhyme
寻陆鸿渐不遇
尋陸鴻漸不遇
Not Finding Lu Hongxian at Home

皎然


  移傢雖帶郭,野徑入桑麻。
  近種籬邊菊,秋來未著花。
  扣門無犬吠,欲去問西傢。
  報道山中去,歸來每日斜。


    譯者: Witter Bynner

【白話文】 他把傢遷徙到了城郭一帶,
鄉間小路通嚮桑麻的地方。
近處籬笆邊都種上了菊花,
秋天到了卻尚未見它開放。
敲門竟連一聲犬吠都沒有,
要去嚮西傢鄰居打聽情況。
鄰人報說他是到山裏去了,
回來時總要西山映着斜陽。

【注釋】 1、扣門:叩門。

【賞析】   詩是寫訪尋友人陸鴻漸不遇,大有乘興而來,掃興而歸的感慨;但吐屬自然,毫不裝點做作。層次分明,有條不紊;雖不講對仗,其音調卻合詩律,仍然算作律詩。唐詩中此種律詩亦有所見,如李白的《夜泊牛渚懷古》一首,便是一例。
  
  [鑒賞]
  陸鴻漸,名羽,終生不仕,隱居在苕溪(今浙江吳興),以擅長品茶著名,著有《茶經》一書,被後人奉為“茶聖”、“茶神”。他和皎然是好友。這首詩當是陸羽遷居後,皎然過訪不遇所作。
  
    陸羽的新居離城不遠,但已很幽靜,沿着野外小徑,直走到桑麻叢中才能見到。開始兩句,頗有陶淵明“結廬在在人境,而無車馬喧”的隱士風韻。
  
    陸羽住宅外的菊花,大概是遷來以後纔種上的,雖到了秋天,還未曾開花。這二句,自然平淡,點出詩人造訪的時間是在清爽的秋天。然後,詩人又去敲他的門,不但無人應答,連狗吠的聲音都沒有。此時的詩人也許有些茫然,立刻就回轉去,似有些眷戀不捨,還是問一問西邊的鄰居吧。鄰人回答:陸羽往山中去了,經常要到太陽西下的時候纔回來。這二句和賈島的《尋隱者不遇》的後二句“衹在此山中,雲深不知處”恰為同趣。“每日斜”的“每”字,活脫地勾畫出西鄰說話時,對陸羽整天流連山水而迷惑不解和怪異的神態,這就從側面烘托出陸羽不以塵事為念的高人逸士的襟懷和風度
  
    這首詩前半寫陸羽隱居之地的景;後半寫不遇的情況,似都不在陸羽身上着筆,而最終還是為了詠人。偏僻的住處,籬邊未開的菊花,無犬吠的門戶,西鄰對陸羽行蹤的敘述,都刻畫出陸羽生性疏放不俗。全詩四十字,清空如話,別有雋味。近人俞陛雲說:“此詩之蕭灑出塵,有在章句外者,非務為高調也。”(《詩境淺說》)
  
    (唐永德)



【北美枫文集】唐詩300首菊花
發表評論