| First Name： | 万家宝 | ||||||||||||
| Township： | 湖北潜江 | ||||||||||||
Read works of Cao Yu at 历史大观 Read works of Cao Yu at 影视与戏剧 Read works of Cao Yu at 散文天地 Read works of Cao Yu at 诗海 | |||||||||||||
曹禺Cao Yu - pen name origin
Pen name "Cao Yu" the origin: Cao Yu million from the traditional name "million", is open grass Yu, cursive character, not take, take Cao, named Cao Yu.
Cao Yu - writing experience
Cao Yu for his "Thunderstorm" and "Sunrise," "Wilderness," "Peking Man" and other plays East. Especially in the contemporary study of Cao Yu, adaptation of his play, so he plays a variety of artistic forms in 1922 Cao Yu was admitted to Nankai Middle School. The first time, "Cao Yu" published novels under the pen name "Ho sober tonight
Cao Yu
Place. " Also reveal its theatrical talent. Has acted in "soul mate of the fan", "fisherman kill the family" "Nantianmen" "enemy of the people" and other movies. The most successful and brought great reputation for his dresser of his play "A Doll's House" heroine Nora.
1928, Cao was recommended for admission into the study of political science, Nankai University, and later admitted to Tsinghua University, Department of Western literature. At Tsinghua, he still actively participated in theater, and sometimes set lead, editing, play in one. Because of his outstanding performance and ability, following Qian "Tsinghua Dragon" post as the "Tiger of Tsinghua University."
In 1933, Cao Yu, 23-year-old created the "Thunderstorm", a Chinese theater, a rising from the shining star. Then, be released "Sunrise", "Wild", "Beijing.", He served as a professor at the National School of Drama in Nanjing.
After the outbreak of war, to Chongqing, Jiang. 1947, towards the liberated areas. After liberation, the long-term arts and culture leadership post as amended. In 1951, the Beijing People's Art Theatre was established as the first President.
Cao Yu - Writing experience
"Write" Thunderstorm "is a kind of emotional urgency of need"
Writers are the most by the raging torrent of emotion-driven, not only so, this will be a strong tide of emotion reflects the creative process and the creation of specific content. Cao Yu is the author of such rich emotion. He created "The Storm", it "seems to have a faint feeling turbulent flow to promote me, I vent to the pent-up anger, slander the Chinese family and society." Meanwhile, he also sought to describe by the true story, the harsh life profoundly portrayed, and the fate of a high degree of coincidence through the characters suggest the cruelty of fate of the characters.
Thunderstorm still
In the "sunrise" in the creation, more than Cao Yu wrote "The Storm" hold in a chamber filled with anger, this is another of his feelings more intense, deeper output, is the author of the old noble humanitarian World's indictment.
"Peking Man" is the best script written by Cao Yu, is a very long time to think about and complete. It contains the writer's hope and vision, but also reflects the writer of the dramatic pursuit of the aesthetic realm and yearning for more, it is a history of Works of the peak, is a masterpiece of masterpieces.
Observation and creative thinking is the only way
Cao Yu's life is the habit of observation. He always Chuaizhe a little book, at any time observed scenes of life, character speech, movement recorded in a notebook. Once, a tofu old lady that he became interested in him, he observed that for three days.
In writing "Sunrise", he often went to places where brothels to understand, investigate. Once nearly was Daxia his eyes. He also risk being acquaintances to see, the risk of damage to reputation. In order to obtain information, in order from those dirty dark corner of the "poor person" found a better human mind, I do not know how much he suffered torture, injury or insult. Cao Yu, the artist is such a unique charisma to the pursuit of a better realize their goals, it is very commendable.
In the creative process, Cao Yu, who is not a perfunctory. He designed the structure with great concentration, he was superb and dramatic structure Ingenious is the "May Fourth Movement" have been unmatched any playwright. In the characterization, he is spending all the effort. In writing "The Storm", he wrote to the character biographies, notes, so each character has played a very exciting when the characters introduced. This is Cao Yu's invention, no one before him has done so.
Cao Yu is a relatively modern literary history of a writer with strong characteristics of the times. He did not know how and some good scholars to protect themselves, and sometimes seems the lack of independent thinking. Through him, we can see a very great, talented people are confused how the times, distorted, eat fortune telling. It can be said: As the era of social reasons, prevented him from a Shakespearean character. Nevertheless, from the "Thunderstorm", "Sunrise", "Wild" to "Peking Man", Cao Yu to the tireless spirit of artistic exploration, in modern thought and art of a high degree of drama, and established themselves as a generation of modern Chinese drama in the history of arts cases of indisputable historical status.
Cao Yu - People Life
Cao Yu was born in the feudal bureaucratic families. Respect for his father served as commanders in Wonder, Secretary of both systems, and Li Yuan-hung. Cao Yu's mother died young, and stepmother love drama, opera, and often brought civilization Cao Yu watch play. Cao did not go to primary school, extension division at home, chanting reading history, but often peek "Dream of Red Mansions", "Water Margin", "The West Chamber" and other books.
Cao Yu youth spent in Tianjin. Tianjin is a commercial development of land transport facilities in the northern city. Cao Yu witnessed here imperialist atrocities, have also seen many "high-level rogue, senior thugs" and "coolie" labor, and heard coming from the sale of children alley late at night selling female voice. This anti-imperialist ideology of the formation of Cao Yu and creative mindset of his life played a huge role, but also for some of his work provided material and Archetypes.
Autumn 1922. Cao into Nankai Middle School. This is a democratic spirit of the school. School of Nankai New Group was well-known school drama groups nationwide. 1925, Cao Yu joined the Nankai New Group, and has become an important backbone of the name of the one hand, classical performances, such as Moliere's "Miser" (a translation of "Qianlin people"), Ibsen's "Enemy of the People", on the other hand current events or staged drama, democratic propaganda and agitation. Before and after, he read a large number of "May Fourth Movement" since the new literature. He said that Lu Xun, Guo and others made him "excited" over his favorite Ibsen. Because these works "inspired him to be concerned about China's social problems."
Cao Yu, Department of Political Science in 1928 promoted to Nankai University. Tsinghua University in 1929, transferred to Western Literature. But most of his time in the library and stacks, greedily read the name of the world, especially in Greek tragedy and Shakespeare, O'Neill, Chekhov and others dramatic. He also often went wide and the floor, and friends enjoy the famous Peking opera performances, to the bridge to listen to opera. Cao also covered a number of Eastern and Western philosophy was to make. He "read Lao Tzu, read the Buddha, reading the Bible," Plato praises the "magic of the 'ideal state'," "deep sympathy for Schopenhauer on life depression," and I also love too, "Nietzsche's superhuman vitality and rich thinking ", and" the wisdom of Solomon, "" Jesus placed on the sincere love of humanity, "had made him" Yang sigh, "" admiration. " However, he is as an artist is the spirit of those touched by the founding fathers, but not be captive to any kind of philosophy. He was "not to make changes in this society", so to "search out a road" to tackle what he felt the Chinese society "serious problem." But the reading was made after the philosophy, the answer is still "not trying to come up." And he kind of dedication, the dedication to the spirit quest, but rooted in his early creation, enhance the work of ideological content and appeal.
"Trilogy" creative period
In 1933, Cao Yu completed the first multi-act play "Thunderstorm." July 1934 published in "Literary Quarterly" Volume 1 3. Familiar from his teenage social circles, extracted from "The Storm" theme, the two 8-by Lu Zhou history and reality of personal property disputes, reflecting the two decades from the Guang Xu (1894) about 1920 years later 30 years of complex social life and conflict. ZHOU, chairman of the story written in a mine, a young man abandoned his two sons have been students maid Shiping, Zhou left his eldest son Ping Zhou, Shiping plunge Yujiu carrying the second son, to leave their homes to flee. Week mistake her for dead. Zhou also moved north later, with remarrying Lu Shiping family were living in a land known each other. Lu Zhou for the family servant, father and daughter are in, the second son of the sea in the mine work, Fan Yi Zhou's wife having an affair with his eldest son Ping Zhou, Ping Zhou love to know after the female Sifeng Lu, Fan Yi Yu Qian came to Sifeng Naizhao Shiping, two families before they were opened. Zhou Ping and named his father with the mother to know the different siblings, both committed suicide. Fan Yi's son rushed to rescue named his week has died of electric shock. Zhou sea humiliation for the strike on behalf of battered in, fled away. Shiping and Fanyi overwhelmed, stay for a mad, only ZHOU Qiongqiong Jie Li, Xingyingxiangdiao. Of this common "discarding" and "incest" social phenomenon, Kai Juechu the times of a social tragedy. In the play he wrote a sharp ideological conflicts and class oppression and struggle, but primarily describes the inter-face during the three different classes, different personalities of women to the fate of different ways to do the fighting and the destruction of their tragic end. "Thunderstorm" the richness of plot, vivid, sharp dramatic conflict, robust structure, deep and solemn tone, thick atmosphere of the tragedy, by the Greek tragedy and Ibsen, O'Neill Works. But Cao Yu wrote the typical "Chinese affairs, thoughts and feelings of the Chinese people." He is content to ethnic and exotic combination of art forms was the most ironing, the most glorious one. Therefore, "Thunderstorm" the young Chinese dramas to a new level. "Thunderstorm" in the characters, with a high degree of aesthetic value. "Thunderstorm" achievements are many, but the characters are successful is its vitality. Cao Yu's drama is also a common feature.
April 1935, the Chinese students in Japan drama theater groups in the Tokyo premiere of Lovers "Thunderstorm" by Du Xuan, Wu, such as the director. Is the domestic debut of the Lone Pine Theatre in Tianjin, followed by Shanghai Fudan drama Du, China travel troupe performed the play, caused a sensation. "The Storm" in China Cao Yu not only established an outstanding realist drama in the history of the status of playwrights, but also young Chinese Dramatic Arts maturity.
After graduating from Tsinghua University, Baoding, Hebei, Cao Yu Tak short to middle school to teach English. However, soon after, went back to Tsinghua Research Institute specializing in drama. Drop out of school due to financial difficulties soon back to Tianjin, Tianjin, Hebei Normal University Women's teacher.
"Sunrise" in the ideological and artistic than the "Thunderstorm" more mature and reveal the writer's unique creative personality and artistic style. On the use of Bailu Chen's "lounge" and Cuixi the "treasure and Xiachu" limited space, the response to a part of everyday, all sensual performance of the demons and monsters to disk, according to the old world, reveals the "loss of not more than Bong" in the nature of the system of exploitation, thereby "Sunrise" has both a distinct times, but also has deeper historical content. In art, the author of "test a new way", he abandoned the "Thunderstorm", "too much like play" structure and "excessive use" and "skills." Taken with the expression "loss of not more than Bong" form of society to adapt the "cross-section of the description." With the "fragment method", with "bright color dots into a glorious late impressionist picture" of the technique, writing "social realism" and therefore "Sunrise" has a documentary feature, open, real and natural. Characterization of characters, is still "Sunrise" the most successful point. For Bailu Chen and Li Shiqing, the authors write mainly the complexity of their personality, inner conflict and the intense interest they are being poisoned heart chamber process. The four Hu, Gu eight grandmother, Zhang George, depicts the image of Fu hygiene, it is focused on the main features of their personality, with exaggeration, repetition, emphasis on the way to make it more prominent, more distinctive, such as: Hu IV "cheap", Gu eight of the "vulgar", Zhang George's "servility to foreigners phase." Cuixi depiction reflects the subjective feelings of a highly organized and object describing the financial units. He wrote an old prostitute occupational characteristics, habits, philosophy of life and emotional way of expression, no one would beautify her, but wrote a vulgar appearance in contrast with the "a heart of gold", so that this tragedy image with a strong power to shock.
February 1937, "Sunrise" by the students and graduates of Fudan University organized the work of community amateur drama groups in the Haikaerdeng Drama Theater debut, director Ouyang Yuqian. Play Bailu Chen Feng Zi. In the same year in March, the China Association of stay in East drama students at Tokyo Kanda Hitotsubashi lecture performance of "Sunrise," was invited to Japan to play Bailu Chen Feng Zi. Then Cao himself as the director, the National Theatre Hall Chiang Kai-shek in Nanjing College students performed a "sunrise", starring Bailu Chen leaves.
August 1936, Cao Yu should be more than the president of the National College of Yuan drama was invited to teach at the school in Nanjing, the professor, "play" and "Western drama," and so on.
Taught in Nanjing during the Cao Yu lived in the vicinity of the first model prison. Labor of prisoners scene brought back memories of his childhood: Xuanhua "lobby" to see the military judge tortured "bandits"; listen to the nurse about blood and tears of life experience and story of desperate farmers. So start thinking and writing Cao Yu, "Wilderness." Early Years of the northern countryside, only warlord of the battlefield, but also the military manpower and the forage base. Rogue local ruffians, followed by "Commander" is the "soldiers" with guns in their hometowns is "bandits." A soldier-bandits, robbed men and women Pa. Tian wins in total, making an unprecedented sharp class contradictions in rural areas. Cao Yu grasp the characteristics of this historical period, the company commander came to write the focus of Hades to return home, the collusion between the kidnappers, the father of Qiu Hu buried alive, to sell and the brothel and his sister, but also falsely Qiu Hu bandits, off into the big prison, won the enemies of the land. 8 years later, Qiu Hu escaped back, wish to apply for two generations of enmity, but that focus Hades is dead enemy, and had "promised to the" girl of his gold, Jiao Yan Wangsheng was before the "charge to" make a big star son focus wife. Big Star is a friend since childhood, and Qiu Hu, focusing not know anything about the evil Hades, this has yet to see the Ruxiong Qiu Hu as friends. But two generations of Qiu Hu difficult devoid of rancor. After intense inner conflict, and finally in the "Fu Chou child reported," "Father Son debt also" the concept of domination, to kill a big star, big star, son of the black child died in the Yusha Qiu Hu mistakenly focus of the mother's hands. Big Star and his son's death, the heart and reason within Qiu Hu reached the boiling point of the conflict, trapped in confusion, bewildered, semi-madness, when the flight carrying gold, lost in the "black wood", surrounded by Investigation Team, unyielding suicide death.
"Wilderness" is the Cao Yu Drama on in a new development. He romanticism, symbolism and other techniques, the performance of this legend. He did not describe more of the reality of rural life and struggle. It draws on traditional drama Me and places great rendering, no play to a passing approach, focused on vengeance Qiu Hu depicted before and after the mental activity, the history and reality, illusion and reality together, writes about feelings show, the people life extension to the ghosts of the world, to reveal the heaven and on earth, Yang Shi, Netherworld are not "fair" and "justice." "Wilderness" in the character modeling, folk customs, clothing color, are by the impact of folklore and drama, clear, strong.
"Wilderness," published in 1937, "Wencong" Volume 1, 2 to 5. 7 August the same year by the Shanghai Experimental Theatre amateur premiere at the Carlton Theatre. Yun Wei should be directed by Zhao Shu, Wei goose age, Shu embroidery paper, Wu Yin star. Kunming, the autumn of 1939 the joint performance of the theater workers "Wilderness", by Cao Yu directed, with the professors personally involved in the design duo, Guest starring phoenix gold sub. This performance milestone known as one of the three major sports in Yunnan drama.
Anti-Japanese War
Sino-Japanese War began, Cao Yu plunge into the vast flow of anti-Japanese national salvation. January 1938, Cao Yu moved westward with the Nanjing College of the National Theatre, all the way to travel, all the way to promotion. Personally directed the street drama "crazy mother", "consciousness", etc., performed in the vicinity of Hunan, Hubei, Sichuan.
The spring of 1938 arrived in Chongqing. In order to participate in the first Theatre Festival, Cao Yu and Song of the adaptation of the Song, who collectively created the "Story" to "full Story" ("black twenty-eight"), seeks to mobilize the resistance against the scum, traitor. Produced in the Oct. 29 staged in Chongqing, the director should cloud Guardian, starring Zhao Dan, Poplar, Shu embroidery paper, Rui-Fang Zhang and others, Cao Yu, one gold shop owner played. Spring of 1939, Cao Yu moved with the drama school again NANJIANG safety, completed the idea has long "transformation." Description of a provincial lieutenant wounded in the hospital, in the corrupt bureaucracy and the national crisis in the N group under the rule of wealth, can not treat the wounded, righteous and patriotic can not heal the sick doctor, chaos everywhere. Then came a "beam Commissioner", simple clean, as one Japanese. He united the hospital patriotic workers, cleaned up the hospital, the hospital has finally become a model worthy of the name field hospital. Produced in 1939 by the National Theatre School students in winter in Chongqing, the official premiere. Since then, Cao Yu and has completed the script "is like" the writing, "Peking Man" creation and "Family". "Peking Man" written by a once mighty the decline of the feudal family. Although ZTE has Venerable Master Kao is also a dreamer Road, forcing his son out to look for a job, parenting grandchildren night reading poetry and literature, but in the end the family is collapsing, and dead is dead, go away, even his own paint was Venerable Master Kao than ten years The coffin did not keep. This is a description of "family affairs" of the script, but it implies a deep, philosophical, in the clear, vivid image of the inside, giving it a few thousand years of feudal "ethical code" of "civilization" complete denial. "Peking Man" of artistic creation, into a high level. There is no play "tricks" of the traces, and its style of play from the previous several intense burning into Apprehension and inexhaustible. But the characters are still vivid. October 1941 in Chongqing, the play premiered Central Youth Drama Association. Directed by Jun Zhang Xiang, by Zhang Ruifang, Village, Shen Yang, Zhao Yunru other stars.
In early l942, Cao Yu resigned from the National School of Drama College faculty to leave the river safe. Summer, in the near Chongqing Tangjiatuo on moored ships, with 3 months to complete the Ba of the original with the novel "Family". To feel the new script, Switzerland Jue, Mei cousin, Ming Fung as the lead, focusing on youth and old ethics write the ravages of love. The play is new and Rui Jue Jue marriage began, and died in Switzerland Jue, Juehui away end. The middle of writing a new feel, Rui Mei Jue cousin in the war and met and romantic ways, and Ming Fung of Juehui cordial and hopeless love. Cao Yu to show their own theme, additions and deletions to the original choice was made to make the drama "House" the plot is more pure, concentrated. Although his "home" in the group of ugly and moralists have also been biting satire and merciless revealing, but the play pen is the main mantra of youth and love and elegy. "Home" a notable feature is its rich art of poetry. This was reflected in good insight into the character of the Heartsongs, good at grasping and communicating the intrinsic character of poetry. Their lines are a poem, and therefore "bridal chamber" is poetry alone, Ming Fung said, "Dream" and "Farewell" is a poem, it feels new, Mei and Rui Jue three of the "talk" and "say goodbye" is also a poem, and Jue Rui, Mei, Ming Fung himself is one of the gentle, sorrow, sad poetry. "Family" was the original author Ba Jin's "definitely pleased." Because the two writers empathy, love and hate the community. "Home" in April 1943 by the Chinese art of drama club debut in Chongqing. Directed by Zhang obliterate, Rui-Fang Zhang Rui Jue decorated, decorated Jinshan feel new, Guanxi, such as Ling, Shu Qiang attended the performance. "Metamorphosis," "Peking Man", "home" during the War against Cao 3 masterpiece, but also s writing of the second peak. The "Peking Man" is his consummate dramatic art developed to mark time. January 1943 Cao Yu Drama Society should be invited to participate in Chongqing roar of the coke Juyin translation, directed by Zhang Jun Xiang "Requiem" performance, playing Mozart. He also translated Shakespeare's "gentle and quiet dense leaves o'er Europe", again performed many times wax paper under the false French author of "Eye of the sand fans," adaptation of "gold plating" was finalized in November 1943 published "Drama Time "Volume 1 of the l, and began a multi-act play" The Bridge "creation. It was not until April 1946 in the "Renaissance" Volume 1, 3 to 5 was published, only three completed the two acts, the end is not finished. During this period, Cao Yu was invited to give lectures in addition, also participated in some social activities. He is a literary and art circles against the enemy-China Association and the Association against the enemy-China theater, playwrights have been involved in protection of interests of joint publication of the "Declaration" and against the censorship activities. He met Zhou Enlai in Chongqing, which has great influence on his political thinking, he said that Zhou Enlai that he is not lost during this period the country and their own confidence in the future.
After the war
February 1946 Cao Yu back to Shanghai, the U.S. State Department's invitation to the United States to give lectures. Early March and Lao She left Shanghai to join the United States, began a one-year visits, interviews, lectures and theater visits. In the United States, he met the United States, Germany is famous dramatist Bertolt Brecht, and to Canada for a short sightseeing, January 1947 to return home.
February 1947 President of the West should bear the Buddha employed to Shanghai experimental theater school, and began the idea of writing movie scripts, "Sunny." It is justice by the story of a lawyer, reflecting the Kuomintang areas after the war all the darkness, calling Sunny. 1948, by the Mandarin Film Company made into a movie, Cao Yu himself as the director, by Shi Hui, Li Li-hua and other stars. In early 1949, the underground Communist Party of China Cao Yu accepted the arrangement, the Shanghai to Hong Kong. February 28 departure north, arrived in Peking on March 18.
1949
Cao entered Peking later, participated in the preparation of Chinese National Congress of Literary and Art Workers and the Chinese People Political Consultative Conference, and together with Guo attended the World Peace Conference held in Prague. July 1949 will be held on behalf of the national culture, Cao Yu was elected officers. The General Assembly, the Chinese Federation of Literary and Art Circles, the National Cultural Association, the National Theatre Society, have been established, Cao Yu, the Standing Committee were elected or governing. Attending the CPPCC in September, after the charge of foreign affairs activities of the CPPCC. 1950, 1952, and has been appointed vice president of Central Academy of Drama and the Beijing People's Art Theatre. Later elected as previous National People's Congress. In 1952 when Beijing launched Thought Reform Institutions of Higher Education, the Cao Yu decided to Peking Union Medical College as a "background story, write an intellectual theme of the play thought reform." This is the "clear days" of creation. Although the performance of enthusiasm to his new life and new understanding of life. Script has also been welcomed and praised, but no breakthrough in art and creative than ever before. September 1954, "script" and "People's Literature," also issued a "clear days", the same year in December premiere of Beijing People's Art Theatre. Directed by Jiao Juyin, Diao Light Tan, leaves, Dong-line Ji, Yang Wei, Tong Chaodeng took part in the show, and in 1956 won the first national theater to watch the show script, director, performed the first prize. Early 60s, he witnessed the disasters to the people and the country faced the test, and Mei Qian, so the join, by the ancient "Yue dispute," the story, wrote the historical drama "Sword guts", issued a "temporary strength is the force, the outcome is reasonable through the ages, "the voice of justice, encouraging people to" all his sword, everyone plow, in which a radius of hundred miles of territory on the discontent, but also the rise of a king of steaming air. " "Sword guts" is not confined to historical data, which is derived from the history of life, useful lessons today. "Sword guts" great boldness of vision, the scene is magnificent, there is a tragic beauty. "Sword gall," published in 1961, "People's Literature," 7-8 two, in October by the Beijing People's Art Theatre premiere. Mei Qian director, Diao Light Tan, Su Min, Zhou Zheng, Zheng Rong, Tong Chao, Di Xin attended the performances.
1966 to 1976, in the "Cultural Revolution", by Cao Yu were persecuted and forced to sign off. "Cultural Revolution" ended, Cao Yu immediately put pen to paper in 1978 "People's Literature," 11 published a historical drama, "Wang Zhaojun", and in July 1979 by the Beijing People's Art Theatre premiere, the director Mei Qian, starring Di Sim, wild blue sky, Tian Chong, Dong-line Ji and so on. The audience from seeing the play for an unprecedented voluntary please Hu and Han and good line, "grinning" of Wang Zhaojun. Although the history of Wang Zhaojun has, but very few historical records. Cao Yu's idea is quite unique to him by the court in fact the performance of two lonely souls aspiring, "looks to know, not relative to doubt" the love song. "Wang Zhaojun" flash in the pan is the Sun in the beauty of creation. The beauty of this white hair roots, has been locked palace years, locked heart, waiting for the emperor's calling of his life and grace. She did not die gloomy, not died of despair, but died in the makeup Sheng Feng Nian, full of joy to be "emperor" of the road. Of the image with a comedy, a harem beauty through the ages to write tragedy. This is a poetic image.
Death
December 13, 1996, Cao Yu's death, the bad news came. Day, in Beijing's city leaders offer condolences to Cao Yu's home, and family members of the Cao Yu condolences. Qianjiang following day, city leaders and their families negotiate with Ms. Cao Yu, Cao Yu, the ashes will be placed in Qianjiang, let him rest in eternal peace in this on his cherished homeland. May 28, 1997, Cao Yu ashes buried in Forest Park cemetery in the Cao Yu.
Cao Yu - Family
Cao Yu's statue
Cao Yu's father, Wande respect. Wande respect Tongzhi years (1873) was born outside the Asia Qianjiang City, Hou Street (also known as Ya Back Street), died in 1928 at the age of 55 years. Wande respect a child is very smart and very hard to study, comprehensive examination of the age of 15 in Qianjiang County scholar. Martin's first wife to her husband for fame, the sale of a dowry to the gold statue for Wande Zhang Wuchang, Hubei and Hunan Academy, founded to study. Yan's female Jiaying in the birth, the child died shortly after repair at home, two children remain in the Qianjiang million by the Cao Yu Kai Man to take care of his grandfather, after receipt of Tianjin. Later on, the Westernization Movement, 1904 million in Germany who has passed the official registration fee respecting studied in Japan, has Zhenwu schools into Japan and the Japanese Military Academy study. Studies abroad in 1909, passed the infantry Division of the Wu Ching Ting Lujun. Xue F Marrying businessman Wuchang wife, the family moved to Tianjin. Wonder Guard statue marked successive governors of Hebei Province clearing system, the Republic of the Secretary Office of the President Li Yuan-hung, Chahar all systems, Xuanhua commanders, commanders of Shaanxi, was awarded the "Fan Wei generals," Lieutenant title. He often asked Cao Yu is the "rustic's son", meaning the poor child.
Cao Yu - theatrical career
Cao Yu is the beauty of amateur theater actor, but his history as an amateur actor, is back in "beauty show" started before the appearance. 1915, 5-year-old cousin Liuqi Ke Cao Yu for the family from the teachers, read poetry memorization, and began acting with the students compiled a small show, but did not attend formal primary school. The end of 1920, private school learning, into the banking house of Tianjin, "English Translation Center" to learn English, and came into contact with Shakespeare and other foreign authors. "Beauty show" as a movement, appeared later in 1921.
Nankai Middle School in 1922 into the second year of study, and Jin Yi (Zhang Fang Syria) students, and become lifelong friends. 1923 interested in new literary works, especially in Lu Xun's "The Scream" and Guo's "Goddess", but admitted, "" Diary of a Madman "At that time did not understand", and "Goddess" made him the blood "boil" up. In 1925, Cao Yu, 15, officially joined the Nankai and Nankai New Group of the Literary Society (which is the theater of one of the earlier drama community, by the founder of Nankai School Fan Sun Yan, Zhang Boling was founded in 1909, Zhou Enlai was one of the activists) activities, began his theatrical career.
Cao Yu - writing career
1926 in Tianjin, "Yong News" supplement "mysterious back" on the serial novel, "Where sober tonight," first used the pen name "Cao Yu." After having the "Nankai Weekly", "State News Weekly" and other newspapers, published poetry, essays, and translation of Maupassant's novels and many articles. The poem "April shoot, I bid farewell to a beautiful pedestrian" and "South Wind Song" Guo has a "Goddess" effect. He also participated in 1927, Ding Xilin, Tian Han and the Ibsen play rehearsal.
In 1933, Cao Yu, 23-year-old started writing the script for five years the idea of the "Thunderstorm" and thesis "On Ibsen." Cao Yu, Tsinghua University in America to participate in examinations, are not admitted. Matilda Baoding middle school after graduation to an English teacher. Returned to Beijing by the end of illness, recovered after the return to Tsinghua University Research Institute, specializes in theater studies. January 1934, edited by the Zhenduo, Ba Jin, Jin Yi editor of "Literary Quarterly" founded, Ba Jin Jin Yi there to see "Thunderstorm", the idea immediately issued, in July, "Thunderstorm" published in "Literature" Quarterly Journal of roll of the third period. Did not cause people's attention, which leads to the Chinese students in Japan praise. In 1935, the Tokyo Imperial University of Commerce, the Chinese student Xing Zhen Duo translated Japanese students in Japan by the Chinese Drama Theatre enthusiasts will be April 27 at Tokyo Kanda Hitotsubashi Auditorium premiere immediately after the author Guo look "on Cao Yu <Thunderstorm> ", much appreciated. August 17, in Tianjin Normal School established for domestic Lone Pine Theatre premiere (the play is the third public performance), caused an immediate sensation, the famous dramatist and critic of Beijing School West Wei Liu (wu) released "<Thunderstorm>" the article says: This is "a drama out of people, a great character with a long play."
September 1934, women were invited to Tianjin, Hebei Normal School faculty. May 1936, until the people in Ba Jin's encouragement and urging, began work on "Sunrise", for female students in normal school day and at night buried writing, June to September starting in the "Monthly Man season" No. 1-4 in installments. In 1936, Cao Yu, his second, yet to write a "sunrise", the "Thunderstorm" is a "set of Cao Yu" (the first), chaired by the Shanghai Cultural Life of Ba Jin published monographs. Therefore, "Sunrise" is not only the expectations of Ba Jin, also attracted widespread attention in literary circles. "Sunrise" was published, the chaired Xiao Qian, Tianjin, "Ta Kung Pao? Literature" was invited to supplement the literary world almost all the people of various factions, including Mao Dun, Ba Jin, tao, Shen, Jin Yi, Li Guang, Guangqian, Yang Gang, Shortage of coal and Western Literature Department of Beijing University's "China" Shadyoak etc., conducted two group discussions, unprecedented. A script, the critics so quickly, so launching a campaign in the history of Chinese drama in the history of modern Chinese literature and even the first time. August 1936, should be more than the National Theatre School Yuan invitation to Nanjing to teach, lecture on "play", "Western Drama" and "modern drama and theater criticism," and so on. November, drama director in Nanjing, "gold." April 1937 to August, "wilderness" in the Jin Yi editor of the "Wencong" vol 2-5 of the serial.
In early 1938, with the drama school moved to Chongqing. October, the cooperation with the adaptation of Song "national mobilization" (the original drama as a Song
Cao Yu and his daughter Article
, And Chen shortage of coal, Luo Feng, Shu Qun collective creation of the "Story"), month of performances, sensational Chongqing. Spring of 1939, Jiang moved to safety with the school. During the summer, creating "Metamorphosis." Directed by the late summer to Kunming "Wilderness" and "black twenty-eight" (ie the "National Mobilization"). Drama school students in early winter to go to Chongqing rate performance "Metamorphosis", Chiang Kai-shek ordered the ban after the speech to see. The fall of 1940 began work on "Peking Man", staged the following year. Resigned in early 1942 teaching drama school, summer, to Chongqing Tangjiatuo, composer of Ba Jin's "home." August 1943, for the creation of historical drama "Li Bai and Du Fu," in preparation, and his friends went to Northwest travel back to Chongqing after the performance of this line of thoughts creation of national capitalists and bureaucratic capitalists rear contradiction "bridge." 1946, and Lao She also received the U.S. State Department invited the United States via Shanghai to give lectures, and twice met with the German playwright Bertolt Brecht. Return to Shanghai in 1947, after the Mandarin Film Company in Shanghai office director, wrote film scripts, "Sunny", since the director. The end of 1948, to Hong Kong. Early 1949 by the Communist underground in arranging Yantai to Peiping.
July 1949 attended the first paper on behalf of the Council. In 1950 the Central Drama Institute. Self 1951 "Selected Works of Cao Yu", the "Thunderstorm", "Sunrise", "Peking Man" for a lot of changes. In the same year term, "script", "People's Literature" Editorial Board. June 1952, the Beijing People's Art Theatre (designed for stage plays in the National Theatre) was established, dean. In the same year, in order to create a thought-reform intellectuals play the theme of "clear days" to collect material, began writing in 1954, 1956, was "the first national theater to watch performances," the script, director, performed the first prize. April 1956 joined the Communist Party of China. 1960, and Mei Qian, so the co-creative historical drama "The Great Revival" (later renamed the "guts Sword"), and to play a number of historical questions to ask Shen, Shen back a long letter detailed narrative Warring States Period of Wu and Yue all sectors of society conditions, then the proposed amendments. August 1962, began writing while on vacation in Beidaihe, "Wang Zhaojun." Fighting during the Cultural Revolution has been occupied by correcting, in the Beijing People's Art Theatre and dormitory guards bureau of information. 1973, Premier Zhou Enlai personally attended to by the State Council, the work was arranged in Beijing Repertory Theatre. Participate in the Fourth National People's Congress in 1975. Beijing Repertory Theatre in 1978, restored formerly known as "Beijing People's Art Theatre," once again president. In the same year in August, for the creation of "Wang Zhaojun" to Xinjiang, and complete the first draft contained "People's Literature," 11 year period. December 13, 1996 death. Age of 86.
Cao Yu - Work
Book title
"Thunderstorm" (play) 1936, Vincent
"Sunrise" (script) 1936, Vincent
"Wilderness" (script) 1937, Vincent
"Technical writer" (theory) 1940, median
"Black twenty-eight" (script) and the Song of the co, 1940, the median
"Metamorphosis change" (script) 1940, Busine
"Is like" (script) 1940, Vincent
"Peking Man" (script) 1941, Vincent
"Family" (script) 1942, Vincent
"Sunny" (film script) 1948, Vincent
"Cao Yu's play selection," 1949, Vincent
"Clear days" (script) 1956, Humanitie
"Spring Set" (prose) 1958, Beijing
"Sword guts" (the script) and Mei Qian, so the cooperation, Cao Yu, the pen, 1962, drama
"Wang Zhaojun" (script) 1979, Sichuan People'
"On the Drama 1985", Sichuan Literature and Art
"Cao Yu of creation" (theory sets) 1986, Shanghai Literature and Art
Translation of title
"Romeo and Juliet" (play) William Shakespeare with the United States, 1944, Vincent
Bibliography of research
"Cao Yu on" (Shaw Race) 1943, Chengdu Yan Wind Pre
"Cao Yu compilation of research data," 1960, compiled version of Chinese Department of Shandong
"On Cao Yu" (Tian Benxiang) 1981, Drama
"Cao Yu's drama" (Xin Xianxi) 1984, Shanghai Literature and Art
"Cao Yu on" (Qing-liter) 1986, Beijing University
"Cao Yu's drama of creation" (Zhu Donglin) 1987, Humanitie
"Cao Yu Chuan" (Tian Benxiang) 1988, October
"Cao Yu artistic exploration" (Chen of China) 1988, Sichuan Literature and Art
Cao Yu - personal honor
"Thunderstorm" still
First China Cao Yu Drama Award for the screenplay award
In yesterday's presentation live, the most compelling than the head of the General Political Department Repertory Theatre Meng ice, not only because its writer's drama "White Deer" is being played, the fourth time access to Cao Yu screenplay award also makes him the moment script writing have more say. Referring to the current problems facing the script writing, Meng said the ice, in addition to the main theme of subjects and also Military Theme Misericordiam, the writer and the audience's indifference to the lines caused the rough language of contemporary theater and the audience appreciation of the decline.
"Drama is a very unique creative experience, of course, a good literary training, higher education and senior titles of literature is highly read the text to write, but that may not be suitable for stage performance. Drama is by lines and the audience as the main means of communication, we can learn from "Teahouse" cited a number of classic lines, but in fact the creation of today's lines is not uncommon that, why can not today's audience blurted out as before? This Age to today's understanding of literature and text directly related to, people enjoy more of a concern when the three-dimensional, partial impact of sensory stimulation, and the concerns of literature have faded to the lowest limit of. Unfortunately, many people have no appreciation of drama, and watching "White Deer", some people came to see stars, some people came to see Lin Zhaohua, there are still some people with admiration of the original into the theater, and a taste of the real start from the lines people have not much drama. precisely because of this, the creator of the lines do not pay attention, do not make an effort wondering creation has become the biggest problem. "
Cao Yu - Cao Yu's famou
The former residence of Cao Yu
Cao Yu - Marriage and the notes in the quotation
Tsinghua tokens of love
In 1931, Cao Yu, Tsinghua University auditorium in the play "Nora", the notes in the quotations in Beijing Bei high school full of middle school. After the performance, the university has students as introductions to the notes in the quotations had just played Nora Cao Yu. Notes in the quotations short man standing in front looking at young men, round face, wearing a pair of glasses, I really can not imagine Nora just jump on stage is his. Cao Yu, the first side to her, there is a feeling of closeness. In the fall of the second, notes in the quotations were admitted to Tsinghua University Faculty of Law, Cao Yu hearing secretly pleased.
The spring of 1933, Tsinghua University drama club rehearsal British drama "crime." Produced by the translation of Cao Yu, the director, the hero from his starring Larry, Larry's girlfriend, Wanda, special notes in the quotations as Cao Yu, took the opportunity to be close to the notes in the quotations. Contacts in a month, the two talk on them.
Wise people to set wedding
September 1936, Cao Yu should be the National Theatre School (later upgraded to "show special") more than the president the kind invitation of Yuan, came to Nanjing to teach. This summer, notes in the quotations came after graduation from Tsinghua University, Nanjing, in the Audit Department as clerk, living in the YMCA, and Cao Yu to meet every week.
This is in Nanjing on November 16 will be open Lane De Ruiao students, and notes in the quotations Cao Yu held a grand engagement ceremony. Many cultural celebrities, such as Ba Jin, Jin Yi, Mayan Xiang, Zhang Tianyi and so took part in the ceremony.
Such as the case of new love coaching Sichuan
April 1939, Japanese aircraft wantonly bombed Chongqing, drama school was ordered to evacuate to safety in Southern small-town River. Married two years, Cao Yu and his wife gradually found himself notes in the quotations in the personality, interests, habits and customs conflict is growing.
The following year a summer evening, the drama school students to female students Tang Yuen brought to Cao Yu, a young female student in front of the woman is the sister of Tang Yuen Health, named Tang translation students. Her delicate features, tolerance and generous, wearing an old blue dress, dress elegant. Cao Yu for her first impression is that this is a quiet woman. Since then, Cao Yu, and she gradually produced a feeling of love. Notes in the quotations know that, and Cao Yu is a contradiction.
Affection Divorce
The spring of 1950, the establishment of the Central Academy of Drama, Ouyang Yuqian dean, vice president of Yu and Zhang Geng.
Cao Yu
New China, "Marriage Law" after the promulgation of the feelings of substandard Cao Yu grounds for divorce made with the notes in the quotations. At first notes in the quotations do not agree with divorce. Later, the notes in the quotations brother Zheng, who also did persuade several of the notes in the quotations. Finally, the court ruled: return notes in the quotations raise two daughters, Cao Yu is responsible for raising the monthly fee.
The summer of 1966, Cao Yu was ordered isolation review, thought to write a weekly report, and withstood endless criticism. Cao Yu was appointed rebel quarters every morning cleaning the Beijing People's Art historian alley near the ground. Notes in the quotations, after that very sad, she thought that perhaps his presence, will feel some comfort in how much to Cao Yu. So she decided to stay with Cao Yu silently every day, even if it is to look at him, her heart has relaxed some.
Gift baskets are the leading edge of the
Cao Yu endure criticism in the day, notes in the quotations often urging the girls to see his father. Later, in the direct concern of Premier Zhou, Cao Yu out of the "bullpen."
August 1989, notes in the quotations passed away due to illness. Cao Yu in Beijing, the hospital seriously ill and can not come to offer condolences, take care of her daughter bought a basket of flowers, respectfully on the notes in the quotations of the soul before. Notes in the quotations after the death of Cao Yu Zhao million in a second daughter a letter, wrote, mixed feelings: "Mom died, my deep guilt. You - you and Dai Dai hours I could not care, just by my mother struggling care, only so that you taught. think of it, I am very guilty. thing is over and can not be patched. Personnel complex and can not do the above. "
Cao Yu - Trilogy
Blockbuster "The Storm"
"The Storm" is a haunting complex kinship and gathered many of the coincidence but reveal the inevitable tragedy. Maybe write it too, like opera, but it contains a profound ideological content and artistic shocking scary.
Cao Yu's Thunderstorm
ZHOU is "Thunderstorm" in the success of the artistic image, he is the maker of the tragedy is all of this burden. All sins come from his authoritarian rule. "Thunderstorm" profound is that, at ZHOU this character who, Cao Yu, China's bourgeois reveal deep-rooted feudal traditions with the same political, ideological and close contact, revealing the feudal Chinese bourgeoisie. Gathered in the complex contradictions of his psychological and seem to have the appearance of humanity, people see a horrible black soul of the feudal tyrant.
"Thunderstorm" in art has achieved great success. It may be effective in the Greek tragedy, inspiration, or because of the impact of Ibsen, as well as best drama of the familiar structure; but it is not imitation, but from the Chinese family and society of the anger, and his thunder-like of poetry. Therefore, we in that gripping suspense, perhaps you can appreciate the charm of the Chinese legend; in hot scenes, but can the unique perspective of a poet, the enthusiasm of Chinese drama and personality; particularly its dramatic language, the purification, pure, has a rich subtext, the world has always been praiseworthy.
"Thunderstorm" published soon, students in Japan it immediately onto the stage in Tokyo, Japan. In China, as a traveling troupe of its repertoire, in Beijing, Tianjin, Shanghai and several performances. Guo called it "a rare masterpiece." Mao has been called "the year Cruise" Thunderstorm "and" reputation. 80 years, "Thunderstorm" re-emergence of a long speech ever.
Reputed theater's "Sunrise"
In "The Storm" published less than two years, "Sunrise" is published. In 1935 and 1936 at the turn, "Ta Kung Pao" for three consecutive days, with three full page, published Mao Dun, Ba Jin, Shen, tao, Lilie Wen's comments, etc., to the "sunrise" to highly valued. It also won the "Ta Kung Pao," the literary prize.
Cao Yu
Cao Yu's eyes, the family turned to the community. He selected a third-class luxury hotel and a brothel as a stark contrast to the scene, the former, around a socialite Bailu Chen and assemble in her bank manager around, rich woman, face first, foreign professors, launched the upper class stuporous life, while the latter is surrounded by prostitutes Cuixi and a treasure to be sold and Xiachu girl "little things" the fate of the world reveals the darkness of hell. Cao Yu, the structure through this contrast, to castigate the "loss of not more than Bong," the social system.
Cao Yu in "Sunrise", but also shows him as a dramatic poet of the features. He wrote socialite, write prostitutes, but he was good at finding those who insulted the injured person's poetry, found that they have "a heart of gold." Cuixi, this unfortunate woman, suffered an insult to human, but her sympathetic heart, reveal different and poetic.
"Sunrise" than the "Thunderstorm", a further demonstration of the ability of Cao Yu sculpture figure, much like the appearance of Li Shiqing, yellow three provinces, all picture was penetrating, and like the rich widow care of eight, grandmother, George Cheung, also like caricature of the several to be vividly portrayed. In the "Sunrise", Cao Yu's drama ink richer, and the tone of the tragedy, he also used the comedy, even farce practices.
"Sunrise", with more metaphors and symbols. In the drama's end, the red of the sun, the ram boosting songs, Cao Yu, a symbol of labor as a tribute to the vision and ideals. And is especially profound in its display of the image, the revealing of this society money system on the social and human poisoning, showing how it is an "unjust animal world", through the characters and scenes showing it to the: This is a "should be modified or overturned," the world.
Open country
Unique "Wilderness"
"Wilderness" Cao Yu, a change is good at the past performance of urban life, try to write a place in the old tale of revenge in rural China.
Produced by the American playwright O'Neill's "Emperor Jones" effect. O'Neal hopes to expressionist approach to the human soul, the subconscious, and the human soul in self-struggle, to show on the stage. Cao Yu is not completely imitate, but to the performance of combining Marxism with realism. While the most unique is that, through this new perspective, new methods, more profoundly reveals the spirit of the heavy burden of farmers and peasants from revolt to awakening the hearts of the tortuous and complex process.
"Wilderness" came later, has produced a debate, but its unique theatrical aesthetic value over time and as people know, now, it became Cao Yu, one succeeds in the Pearl.
Cao Yu - artistic achievement
Cao Yu is a Chinese drama in the history and future of an important writer. Drama in the pioneers before him, mostly based drama as a propaganda tool for advocating democracy, revolutionary ideas, there is no opportunity to issue more refined the art of drama. Cao Yu, who inherited the pioneer spirit of democracy against imperialism and feudalism and advocates of art for life, and learn and absorb a wide range of classical Chinese opera and modern drama performance of the European approach to China's Dramatic Arts to a new level. Thus, his "The Storm" as a sign of maturity of Chinese dramas. Followed by "Sunrise", "Peking Man", "home" are also recognized the outstanding work. Cao Yu's work, not only improves the level of dramatic literature, the director, performing arts and stage design has also undergone a profound influence on the drama a truly comprehensive art, to play for a wider audience, and to professional troupes to exist, and thus improve the development of theater art. His works, especially the "Thunderstorm" and "Sunrise" is up to 60 years of performances of plays, but also the repertoire of the troupe's experimental repertoire and institutions, and was translated into many languages and staged in a foreign country.
Cao Yu - father and daughter duo
Cao Yu and Articles can also be said to be the father of Chinese drama in the history of the famous female. Cao Yu is a Chinese great dramatist, in his study of Tianjin Nankai Middle School
Article
Between the drama activities, has served as Ibsen "A Doll's House" and the main protagonist. 1929 admitted to the Department of Foreign Languages, Tsinghua University, extensive study to ancient Greek tragedy, Shakespeare and Chekhov, Ibsen, O'Neill's plays. University, graduating in 1933 on the eve of a four-act play s writing of "Thunderstorm", published the following year, and soon caused a strong reaction, it is not only Cao Yu's debut, and is famous for his masterpiece. Later, Cao Yu were published his important play "Sunrise" and "wilderness." Even today, many of Cao Yu's play was also remade into TV series, movies, popular audience favorite. Tiger father and female dogs, Cao Yu's daughter Articles nurtured from childhood by his father, a keen interest in the literary arts. Articles from the eighties began writing fiction while writing stage plays, films and TV shows. Her father's play "Sunrise" into movies, access to China's Golden Rooster Awards 1986 Best Screenplay Award. Articles drama we are most familiar works ought to "View on Air Mirror", this work is a play on in the country caused by a strong response. In the TV series "View on Air Mirror," After the success, more and more attention Article
Cao Yu - Cao Yu phenomenon
Cao Yu's 1934 debut, "Thunderstorm" come out, in the history of Chinese modern drama of great significance, it is recognized as a modern drama in China a sign of real maturity. After 1936, Cao Yu issued a "sunrise", published in 1937, "Wilderness," published in 1938, "black twenty-eight" (also known as the "National Mobilization" and the Song of cooperation), published in 1939 one-act play "is like, "published in 1940," transformation ", until 1941," Peking Man "completed just a few years, the standard of both Cao Yu's writing or from the artistic point of view in terms of ideology, have reached a very mature level. In particular, is known as the "four play" and "Thunderstorm", "Sunrise", "Wild" and "Peking Man", which reached the realm of artistic skill, so far, no one is above, and that time he only 31 years old. 1942 Cao Ba Jin's novel will be "home" adapted for the drama, style and "Peking Man" quite interlinked Department. Since then, he wrote one-act play, "gold", "Bridge" (not completed), and written after the liberation of "clear days" (1954), "Sword gall" (1961, with Mei Qian, so the cooperation, Cao Yu, author of ) and "Wang Zhaojun" (1978) and other plays, the artistic charm as before, this is a fact recognized by everyone.
Many scholars believe that the decline of Cao Yu's artistic creativity is the liberation of trapped in the main administrative services, coupled with the interference of endless political campaigns, so that he can not concentrate in the creation, therefore, in 1949 became an important turning point in his writing career. Most scholars tend to think of Cao Yu's art into recession in 1949 after. Indeed, since the "Peking Man", the Cao Yu's creation has already begun showing signs of decline, with a strong artistic appeal of the original no longer works there, it is still talked about was his pre-written " Four famous play. "
Why Cao Yu in a few years amazing speed can the rapid rise in the literary world, and then in the prime of life when the decline in its artistic creativity soon? Cao pre originality and vitality of the play, where is? What These factors give the play such a strong and lasting vitality? Cao Yu's drama of the vitality of what the late rapid decline? led him to decline the root cause of that? This is repeated many researchers to explore the issue.
It should be said, mainly due to the rapid rise of Cao Yu He stood in the height of human beings to look at the plight of human existence and performance, he is co-owned with a human language to describe the soul's misfortune, in a deeper Pity the suffering of others point of view. His footing, his compassion for different times, different classes, different nations can fully understand and have a strong resonance. The Works of the decline of vitality, so much that he was trapped in the administrative affairs and the result of political movements, as it is his early work at the time the particular social context of China has been widely misread the results. In particular, the current situation was too much emphasis on proximate theory of literary criticism, had a tremendous impact on Cao Yu. Cao Yu-phase all times to meet with the contents of the highly praised by critics, with the current situation is relatively greatly from the contents of the attacks. These formed a strong misreading public opinion ultimately make their own creative direction Cao Yu had been a misunderstanding, and thus led to his departure from their familiar creative track and into the other set of tracks. Can also be said that it was started and continued until three to four years after the founding of New China for a long period of time occupy the leading discourse of social ideology in literary criticism, to Cao Yu, the creation of highly original constraints by a strict can not develop freely.
Cao Yu - in the past interesting
Cao Yu true false reading a bath: Anti-Japanese War, Cao Yu Drama in Sichuan Jiang An Guoli Professorship. One summer, the family of Cao Yu once prepared a tub and hot water, ask him to take a bath, then Cao Yu was reading a book, put it down, postponed again and again, the last in the family's repeated urging, he had one hand towel, one hand and a book into the room. An hour passed, and no one came sparse room from time to time the water came the sound, and an hour later, the situation remains the same. Cao Yu's family Dunsheng doubt, pushed open the door, saw that it sat in the bath Cao Yu, see the book in one hand, one hand towel, intentionally or unintentionally shot in the water.
Translated by Google