现代中国  (November 16, 1892 AD～June 12, 1978 AD)

First Name：	郭开贞
Birth Place：	四川乐山沙湾
Death Place：	北京
 leisurely corpus： 《郭沫若散文》 a historical treatise historiography： 《甲申三百年祭》 swan critical biography： 《李白的道教迷信及其觉醒》 Realistic Fiction： 《行路难》 novella： 《柱下史入关》 《一只手》 《骑士》 《宾阳门外》 《双簧》 《金刚坡下》 《月光下》 《Wave》 《地下的笑声》 《漆园吏游梁》 《后悔》 《马克斯进文庙》 《孔夫子吃饭》 《孟夫子出妻》 《秦始皇将死》 《楚霸王自杀》 《齐勇士比武》 《司马迁发愤》 《贾长沙痛哭》 《曼陀罗华》 《红瓜》 《牧羊哀话》 《He》 《鼠灾》 《残春》 《未央》 《月蚀》 《圣者》 《漂流三部曲》 《炼狱》 《十字架》 《三诗人之死》 《阳春别》 《喀尔美萝姑娘》 《Lobenicht的塔》 《人力以上》 《万引》 《叶罗提之墓》 《亭子间中》 《湖心亭》 《矛盾的统一》 Chinese Drama： 《屈原》 《雷电颂》 Poetry： 《phoenix nirvana,bana》   《deity》   《Deity S breeding》   《Xiang tired》   《Tang di Flower》   《Tengu》   《Heart Lamp》   《Luzhongmeihengheng Think fondly of motherland mar one's [sb.'s] mood》   《anthracite》   《morn》   More poems... Read works of Guo MoRuo at 历史大观 Read works of Guo MoRuo at 小说之家 Read works of Guo MoRuo at 散文天地 Read works of Guo MoRuo at 诗海

　　Chinese scholar, one of the leading writers of 20th-century China, and an important government official.
　　
　　 The son of a wealthy merchant, Guo early manifested a stormy, unbridled temperament. After receiving a traditional education, in 1914 he abandoned his Chinese wife of an arranged marriage and went to Japan to study medicine. There he fell in love with a Japanese woman who became his common-law wife. He began to devote himself to the study of foreign languages and literature, reading Spinoza, Goethe, the Bengali poet Tagore, and Walt Whitman. His own early poetry was highly emotional free verse reminiscent of Whitman and Shelley. His translation of Goethe's Sorrows of Young Werther gained enormous popularity among Chinese youth soon after its appearance in 1922. Two years later, Guo's translation of Social Organization and Social Revolution, by the Japanese Marxist Kawakami Hajime, greatly influenced his own thought, and he became an adherent of Marxism. Although his writing, even his prose, was still marked by Romantic moods, he declared a rejection of individualistic literature, calling for a “socialist literature that is sympathetic toward the proletariat....”
　　
　　 In 1926 he acted as a political commissar in the Northern Expedition, in which Chiang Kai-shek attempted to crush the warlords and unify China. But when Chiang purged the Communists from his Kuomintang (Nationalist Party) in 1927, Guo participated in the Communist Nan-ch'ang uprising. After its failure he fled to Japan, where for 10 years he pursued scholarly research on Chinese antiquities. In 1937 he returned to China to take part in the resistance against Japan and was given important government posts.
　　
　　 As a writer, Guo was enormously prolific in every genre. Besides his poetry and fiction, his works include plays, nine autobiographical volumes, and numerous translations of the works of Goethe, Schiller, Turgenev, Tolstoy, Upton Sinclair, and other Western authors. He also produced historical and philosophical treatises, including his monumental study of inscriptions on oracle bones and bronze vessels, Liang Chou chin wen tz'u ta hsi t'u lu k'ao shih (1935, new ed. 1957; “Corpus of Inscriptions on Bronzes from the Two Chou Dynasties”). In this work he attempts to demonstrate, according to Communist doctrine, the “slave society” nature of ancient China.
　　
　　 After 1949 Guo held many important positions in the People's Republic of China, including the presidency of the Chinese Academy of Sciences. In 1966 he was one of the first to be attacked in the Great Proletarian Cultural Revolution. He confessed that he had failed to understand properly the thought of Mao Zedong and that all his work should be burned. Strangely, however, Guo was not, as were many of his colleagues, stripped of all official positions; by the early 1970s he again enjoyed a position of great