| 姓： | 陈 | ||||||||
| 名： | 懋平 | ||||||||
| 网笔号： | 陈平 | ||||||||
| 籍贯： | 浙江定海县 | ||||||||
| 出生地： | 重庆 | ||||||||
阅读三毛 Sanmao在小说之家的作品!!! 阅读三毛 Sanmao在散文天地的作品!!! 阅读三毛 Sanmao在旅游地理的作品!!! | |||||||||
三毛三毛（Echo，1943年3月26日 -- 1991年1月4日），是台湾70至80年代的着名作家，其读者遍佈全世界华人社群。
名字
三毛原名陈懋平，因幼时学不会写那个"懋"字，每次写名字时，自作主张把中间那个字跳掉；后干脆改名为陈平，弟弟们的"懋"字也都跟着去掉。
三毛给自己取的英文名叫Echo，三毛是笔名，也因她喜欢漫画《三毛流浪记》及其作者张乐平先生之故。从三毛的《闹学记》序中只提及"三毛"二字中暗藏一个《易经》的卦。三毛的父亲陈嗣庆曾问三毛："取名字还卜卦吗？"，三毛说："不是，是先取了以后才又看易经意外发现的，自己也吓了一跳。"但三毛本人又曾说过，起初起此名，是因为这个名字很不起眼；另有一个原因就是说自己写的东西很一般，只值三毛钱。
生平
三毛祖籍浙江省定海，出生于重庆，幼年跟着父母迁到台湾。曾就读于北一女中，却因为忧郁症而休学。1964年，获张其昀特许，入中国文化大学哲学系，课业成绩优异，1967年休学，文化大学肄业。1967年，赴西班牙马德里文哲学院留学，后就读于德国哥德书院，并在美国伊利诺大学法学图书馆工作。1981年回国，在文化大学任教。1984年，辞去教职，而以写作、演讲为重心。
1973年，在非洲沙漠小镇（今撒拉威阿拉伯共和国的阿尤恩）与西班牙人荷西.马利安.葛罗结婚；婚后定居于西属撒哈拉的迦纳利岛，并以当地的生活及见闻为背景，创作出许多充满异国特色的作品，如《撒哈拉的故事》和《哭泣的骆驼》。1979年，荷西在拉芭玛岛的海中潜水时遇意外丧生。
1991年1月4日，因子宫内膜增生症住院治疗的三毛被发现在台北荣总病房内用丝袜上吊自杀死亡，得年48岁。但外界一直流传她其实是被谋杀的言论，作家张景然更在他的着作《哭泣的百合：三毛死于谋杀》中对此一说进行了一连串论证。但由于张景然的谋杀论和普遍认同的自杀论都有着一定的漏洞，三毛的真正死因从此成谜。也有谣传指称，荷西未死。
Biography
Sanmao was born in Chongqing (重庆), China, and the whole family moved to Taiwan later. She is said to have read the Dream of the Red Chamber (simplified Chinese: 红楼梦; traditional Chinese: 紅樓夢), a famous Chinese classic, at the age of five and a half years old. In elementary school, she read much literature. Throughout her education she had conflicts with her teachers, including an incident in which she said she wanted to be a garbage collector when she grew up, which her teacher said was unacceptable. During her second year of high school, she shut herself up due to a traumatic incident, and refused to go to school. Her father bought many books for her to read at home, allowed her to take piano lessons, and practice painting.
From 1965 to 1969, she studied philosophy in Taiwan, and it was during this period that she experienced her first love. Things didn't work out, so she planned to go as far away as possible, and ended up in Spain.
Between 1967 and 1970 she studied in Spain, and then in Germany, and later found work in a law library in the state of Illinois in the US. Eventually, she returned back to Taiwan and began working as a German teacher. Her fiance, a 45 year old German man, died of a heart attack, and she again left Taiwan and returned to Spain.
In 1974 she went to the Colonial Spanish Sahara desert (in what is now Western Sahara) and married a Spanish man named Jose Maria Quero Y Ruiz (荷西), whom she met in Madrid 7 years before when she was a student. She writes that when she first met Jose in Spain she thought he was very handsome, but too young for her. Jose had been waiting for her since she had returned to Taiwan, although they had not been dating at the time.
In 1976 she published her first work, the fictionalized-autobiographical The Stories of the Sahara (《撒哈拉的故事》). With its immense success, her early writings were collected in a second book, published under the title Gone With the Rainy Season (《雨季不再来》). Her writings continued to be published from that point on, and her experiences in the Sahara and the Canary Islands were published in several more books.
In 1979 her husband drowned while diving. In 1980 she returned to Taiwan, and in November of the same year, she traveled to Central and South America, on commission from Taiwanese publishers. These experiences were recorded in subsequent writings. From 1981 to 1984, she taught and lectured in a Taiwanese university. After this point, she decided to dedicate herself fully to writing.
Sanmao's books deal mainly with her own experiences studying and living abroad. They were extremely well-received not only in Taiwan but also in Mainland China, and they remain popular reads today. From 1976 to the time of her death in 1991, Sanmao published more than 20 books. She also translated the comic Mafalda from Spanish to Chinese.
Death
In 1991, at the age of 48, Sanmao died in a hospital in Taipei, having hanged herself with a pair of silk stockings. This took place days after a cancer scare and losing the Hong Kong movie award for her script to the film Red Dust (滚滚红尘), a loss which she took poorly. Some fans, most notably Zhang Jingran, claimed her death was a murder. Her apparent suicide came as a shock to many of her readers and was accompanied by public expressions of grief throughout the Chinese-speaking world.