唐代 郑谷 Zheng Gu  唐代   (851~910)
相和歌辞·长门怨二首 In proper proportion Songs Nagato complain 2
感兴 Invigoration
望湘亭 Wang Xiang Ting
采桑 to gather mulberry leaves
闷题
中台五题·乳毛松 Middle court Five Issues milk Maszong
中台五题·樗里子墓
中台五题·牡丹 Middle court Five questions peony
中台五题·玉蕊(乱前唐昌观玉蕊最盛) Middle court five questions Lecythidaceae View random pre-TANG Chang Lecythidaceae Height
中台五题·石柱(外祖在南宫,七转名曹,镌记皆在) Middle court five questions Stack Maternal grandfather be Surname seven Transfer of title CAO Juan mind are in the
别同志 allo- compeer
送进士卢棨东归 accompany A successful candidate in the highest imperial examinations Lu Kai East return
从叔郎中諴辍自秋曹分符安陆属群盗倡炽流毒…因有寄献 Father's paternal male cousins who are younger than him Physician trained in herb medicine Ganchuoziqiu CAO points are Qundao advocate Chi Fu Anlu Exert a pernicious influence widely mourn for Have sent dedicate
送徐涣端公南归 Send Xu Huan End public Go South
送祠部曹郎中邺出守洋州 accompany Cibu Cao lang In Ye The code Ocean State
送进士许彬 accompany A successful candidate in the highest imperial examinations Xu Bin
次韵和王驾校书结绶见寄之什 Write and reply in poems according to original poem's rhyming words and Wang jia Shou see the book end school even sent the
秘阁伴直
送太学颜明经及第东归 accompany The highest seat of learning in ancient times in china Yan Ming Jing Pass an imperial examination East return
送进士赵能卿下第南归
送人游边 to see (or walk) someone home Tour Edge
送人之九江谒郡侯苗员外绅 To see (or walk) someone home Nine Jiangye Jun hou Seedling Ministry councillor member of gentry
送许棠先辈之官泾县 accompany Xu tang Antecedent The official Jing County
送司封从叔员外徼赴华州裴尚书均辟 Secretary to send letters Father's paternal male cousins who are younger than him Ministry councillor Jiao Pei went to Washington State Shang shu Are the provision of
多首一页
古诗 ancient style poetry
席上贻歌者

郑谷


  花月楼台近九衢,清歌一曲倒金壶。
  座中亦有江南客,莫向春风唱鹧鸪。

【赏析】   古代宴席上,往往要备乐,用歌唱或演奏来劝酒、助兴。这首诗从题目看,当是诗人在一次宴席上赠给演唱者的。第一联“花月楼台近九衢,清歌一曲倒金壶”。九衢,是指都市中四通八达的街道。从下面两句看,这一都市当在北方,有人以为即指唐代京城长安。清歌,清脆悦耳的歌声(亦可指没有伴奏的独唱)。倒,斟酒。金壶,精致名贵的酒器。这两句诗,采用了由远而近、由外及内、步步引入的手法。请看:天空,一轮明月;地上,万家灯火;街市上行人车马来来往往。展现的是一幅繁华都会的景象。接着便是一座高楼的外景,明月的清辉照着高楼,照着它周围盛开的鲜花。画外音,是声声动人心弦的歌声。再接下去就是:酒楼上,灯红酒绿,年轻的歌女在演唱;一曲之后,便是一番斟酒、敬酒、举杯、言笑……这两句把时间、地点、环境、宴席、歌者、听者,乃至歌助酒兴的欢悦气氛都表现出来了。写得词简意丰,有虚有实,既使人有身临其境之感,又给人以想象的余地。
  
    不过,更精彩的还在诗的第二联。歌,愈听愈动情;酒,愈饮愈有兴。结果,歌声更比酒“醉”人。所以三、四两句不言酒而单写歌。而且妙在诗人不是对歌者或歌声进行描绘,也不是直接抒发对歌声有怎样的感受,而是说:“座中亦有江南客,莫向春风唱鹧鸪”。鹧鸪,是指当时流行的《鹧鸪曲》。据说鹧鸪鹧鸪有“飞必南翥”的特性,其鸣声象是“行不得也哥哥”。《鹧鸪曲》就“效鹧鸪之声”的,曲调哀婉清怨。为这个曲子所写的词,也大多抒发相思别恨的。诗人为什么未听《鹧鸪》情已怯了呢?这颇使人寻味。尽管诗人在开头二句极力描绘了春风夜月、花前酒楼的京国之春,从后二句中自称“江南客”,就可以见出诗人的思乡之心,早已被歌声撩动了。如果这位歌者再唱出他久已熟悉的那首“佳人才唱翠眉低”的《鹧鸪曲》,那就难免“游子乍闻征袖湿”,终至不能自已了。因而诗人郑重其事地向歌者请求莫唱《鹧鸪》了。这充分显示了歌声具有使人回肠荡气的魅力。诗人把此诗赠给歌者,实际上是意味着听者(诗人)乃是歌者的知音,表现了诗人在向歌者的演唱艺术献上一颗敬佩之心;而其中又深深地透露出诗人客居异乡的羁旅之情。当然,他也希望歌者能成为这“心声”的知音。这就使歌者──听者、听者──歌者在感情上得到了交流和融合,取得了深沉感人的艺术效果。(赵其钧)



【北美枫文集】鹧鸪鸟

【资料来源】 卷675_25


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