唐代 郑谷 Zheng Gu  唐代   (851~910)
相和歌辭·長門怨二首 In proper proportion Songs Nagato complain 2
感興 Invigoration
望湘亭 Wang Xiang Ting
采桑 to gather mulberry leaves
悶題
中臺五題·乳毛鬆 Middle court Five Issues milk Maszong
中臺五題·樗裏子墓
中臺五題·牡丹 Middle court Five questions peony
中臺五題·玉蕊(亂前唐昌觀玉蕊最盛) Middle court five questions Lecythidaceae View random pre-TANG Chang Lecythidaceae Height
中臺五題·石柱(外祖在南宮,七轉名曹,鎸記皆在) Middle court five questions Stack Maternal grandfather be Surname seven Transfer of title CAO Juan mind are in the
別衕誌 allo- compeer
送進士盧棨東歸 accompany A successful candidate in the highest imperial examinations Lu Kai East return
從叔郎中諴輟自秋曹分符安陸屬群盜倡熾流毒…因有寄獻 Father's paternal male cousins who are younger than him Physician trained in herb medicine Ganchuoziqiu CAO points are Qundao advocate Chi Fu Anlu Exert a pernicious influence widely mourn for Have sent dedicate
送徐渙端公南歸 Send Xu Huan End public Go South
送祠部曹郎中鄴齣守洋州 accompany Cibu Cao lang In Ye The code Ocean State
送進士許彬 accompany A successful candidate in the highest imperial examinations Xu Bin
次韻和王駕校書結綬見寄之什 Write and reply in poems according to original poem's rhyming words and Wang jia Shou see the book end school even sent the
秘閣伴直
送太學顔明經及第東歸 accompany The highest seat of learning in ancient times in china Yan Ming Jing Pass an imperial examination East return
送進士趙能卿下第南歸
送人逰邊 to see (or walk) someone home Tour Edge
送人之九江謁郡矦苗員外紳 To see (or walk) someone home Nine Jiangye Jun hou Seedling Ministry councillor member of gentry
送許棠先輩之官涇縣 accompany Xu tang Antecedent The official Jing County
送司封從叔員外徼赴華州裴尚書均闢 Secretary to send letters Father's paternal male cousins who are younger than him Ministry councillor Jiao Pei went to Washington State Shang shu Are the provision of
多首一頁
古詩 ancient style poetry
中年

郑谷


  漠漠秦雲淡淡天,新年景象入中年。
  情多最恨花無語,愁破方知酒有權。
  苔色滿墻尋故第,雨聲一夜憶春田。
  衰遲自喜添詩學,更把前題改數聯。

【賞析】   這首詩寫的是作者人到中年後的一些感受。鄭𠔌當時寓居長安,面臨着新春的到來。漠漠秦雲(長安舊屬秦地),淡淡天色,正是西北春天的典型景象。望見這個景象,詩人自然會想到,又一個春天降臨人間。但隨即也會浮起這樣的念頭:跟着時光推移,自己的年歲不斷増添,如今是愈來愈品嚐到中年的滋味了。
  
    中年,往往是人的一生中哀樂感受最深切的時候。青春已逝,來日幾何,瞻前顧後,百感交集。詩中不作過多的描述,衹是抓住對花無語、藉酒澆愁兩個細節,就把那種思緖滿懷的復雜心理狀態烘托齣來了,筆墨經濟而又含蓄。
  
    那麽,詩人究竟在想些什麽呢?底下一聯為我們略作提示。“故第”,即舊時的住宅。尋找故第,衹見苔色滿墻,斑駁難認,意味着追懷平生,遺蹤恍然。“春田”,指家乡的農田。由連夜雨聲,觸發起春田的憶念,暗示要棄官歸隱,安度餘生。上句是回顧,下句是展望,正體現了人到中年時的典型思想活動。作者藉故第、春田、苔色、雨聲等事物仮映齣來,形象鮮明而又富於槩括力。
  
    然而,往事既不可追,來日也未必可期;現實的處境一時難以擺脫,衰遲的年華更無情地逐日而去。在這樣的矛盾交織之中,除了繙齣舊詩稿來修改幾遍,琢磨一下自己作詩的技巧,還能用什麽方法來排遣心頭的煩惱呢?結末兩句表面說的“自喜”,實際是在年事虛長、無所作為情況下的自我安慰。透過外在的平靜氣氛,分明可以體會到詩人那種強自壓抑下的無聊索寞心緖。
  
    鄭𠔌的詩以輕巧流利見稱,仮映生活面不廣,從本篇也可以得到驗證。此詩涉及中年的苦悶,雖不無時代政治的投影,而主要仍限於個人的感興,社會意義不大。但文筆清新,思緻宛轉,尤譱於用簡煉明白的語言表達凝蓄深沉的情思,在其作品中亦屬上乘。(陳伯海)

【資料來源】 676_38


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