唐代 郑谷 Zheng Gu  唐代   (851~910)
相和歌辭·長門怨二首 In proper proportion Songs Nagato complain 2
感興 Invigoration
望湘亭 Wang Xiang Ting
桑 to gather mulberry leaves
悶題
中五題·乳毛 Middle court Five Issues milk Maszong
中五題·樗子墓 Middle court five questions Ailanthus glandulosa or A. altissima, a kind of tree useless as timber Doublure grave
中五題·牡丹 Middle court Five questions peony
中五題·玉蕊(亂前唐昌觀玉蕊最盛) Middle court five questions Lecythidaceae View random pre-TANG Chang Lecythidaceae Height
中五題·石柱(外祖在南宮,七轉名曹,鎸記皆在) Middle court five questions Stack Maternal grandfather be Surname seven Transfer of title CAO Juan mind are in the
同志 allo- compeer
送進士盧棨東歸 accompany A successful candidate in the highest imperial examinations Lu Kai East return
從叔郎中諴輟自曹分符安陸屬群盜倡熾流毒…因有寄獻 Father's paternal male cousins who are younger than him Physician trained in herb medicine Ganchuoziqiu CAO points are Qundao advocate Chi Fu Anlu Exert a pernicious influence widely mourn for Have sent dedicate
送徐渙端公南歸 Send Xu Huan End public Go South
送祠部曹郎中鄴出守洋州 accompany Cibu Cao lang In Ye The code Ocean State
送進士許彬 accompany A successful candidate in the highest imperial examinations Xu Bin
次韻和王駕校書結綬見寄之什 Write and reply in poems according to original poem's rhyming words and Wang jia Shou see the book end school even sent the
秘閣伴直
送太學顔明經及第東歸 accompany The highest seat of learning in ancient times in china Yan Ming Jing Pass an imperial examination East return
送進士趙能卿下第南歸 accompany A successful candidate in the highest imperial examinations Qing Zhao can Fail in an exam Go South
送人遊邊 to see (or walk) someone home Tour Edge
送人之九江謁郡侯苗員外紳 To see (or walk) someone home Nine Jiangye Jun hou Seedling Ministry councillor member of gentry
送許棠先輩之官涇縣 accompany Xu tang Antecedent The official Jing County
送司封從叔員外徼赴華州裴尚書均 Secretary to send letters Father's paternal male cousins who are younger than him Ministry councillor Jiao Pei went to Washington State Shang shu Are the provision of
多首一页
古詩 ancient style poetry
淮上與友人

郑谷


  揚子江頭楊柳春,楊花愁殺渡江人。
  數聲風笛離亭晚,君瀟湘我秦。

【赏析】   晚唐絶句自杜牧、李商隱以,單純議論之風漸熾,抒情性、形象性和音樂性都大為減弱。而鄭的七絶則仍然保持長於抒情、富於風韻的特點。
  
    這首詩是詩人在揚州(即題中所稱“淮上”)和友人分手時所作。和通常的送行不同,這是一次各赴前程的握:友人渡江南往瀟湘(今湖南一帶),自己則北長安。
  
    一、二兩句即景抒情,點醒離,寫得瀟灑不着力,讀來具一種天然的風韻。畫很疏朗:揚子江頭的渡口,楊柳青青,晚風中,柳絲輕拂,楊花飄蕩。岸邊停泊着待的小船,友人即將渡江南去。淡淡筆,象一幅清新秀雅的水墨畫。景中寓情,富於含藴。依依裊裊的柳絲,牽曳着彼此依依惜的深情,喚起一種“柳絲長,玉驄難”的傷離意緒;蒙蒙飄蕩的楊花,惹動着雙方繚亂不寧的離緒,勾起天涯羈旅的漂泊之感。美好的江頭柳色,宜人春光,在這裏恰恰成離情緒的觸媒,所以說“愁殺渡江人”。詩人用淡墨點染景色,用重筆抒寫愁緒,初看似不甚協調,細味方感到二者的和諧統一。兩句中“揚子江頭”、“楊柳春”、“楊花”等同音字的有意重複,構成一種既輕爽流利,又環往,富於情韻美的風調,使人讀來既感到感情的深永,又不顯得過於沉重與傷感。次句雖單提“渡江人”,但彼此羈旅漂泊,南北乖離,君愁我亦愁,原是不言自明的。
  
    “數聲風笛離亭晚,君瀟湘我秦。”三、四兩句,從江頭景色收轉到離亭宴,正面抒寫握時情景。驛亭宴,酒酣情濃,席間吹奏起凄清怨慕的笛麯。即景抒情,所奏的也許正是象徵着離的《楊柳》吧。這笛聲正傾訴出彼此的離衷,使兩位即將分手的友人耳接神馳,默默相對,思緒縈繞,隨風遠揚。離笛聲中,天色仿佛不知不覺地暗下來,握的時間到。兩位朋友在沉沉暮靄中互道珍重,各奔前程──君瀟湘我秦。詩到這裏,戛然而止。
  
    這首詩的成功,和有這樣一個開生的富於情韻的結尾有密切關係。當面表面反面方面正面迎面滿面封面地面路面世面平面斜面前面下面四面十面一面洗心革面方方面面面貌面容面色面目面面俱到上看,末句是交待各自行程的敘述語,既乏寓情於景的描寫,也無一唱三嘆的抒情,實際上詩的深長韻味恰恰就藴含在這貌似直的不結之結當中。由於前面已通過江頭春色、楊花柳絲、離亭宴餞、風笛暮靄等一列物象情景對離情進行反渲染,結句的截然而止,便恰如抔土之障黃流,在反激與對照中愈益顯出其內涵的豐富。臨歧握的黯然傷魂,各天涯的無限愁緒,南北異途的深長思念,乃至漫長旅程中的無邊寂寞,都在這不言中得到充分的達。“君”“我”對舉,“”字重迭,更使得這句詩增添詠嘆的情味。(劉學鍇)



【北美枫文集】楊樹花柳樹

【资料来源】 675_40


发表评论