唐代 郑谷 Zheng Gu  唐代   (851~910)
相和歌辞·长门怨二首 In proper proportion Songs Nagato complain 2
感兴 Invigoration
望湘亭 Wang Xiang Ting
采桑 to gather mulberry leaves
闷题
中台五题·乳毛松 Middle court Five Issues milk Maszong
中台五题·樗里子墓
中台五题·牡丹 Middle court Five questions peony
中台五题·玉蕊(乱前唐昌观玉蕊最盛) Middle court five questions Lecythidaceae View random pre-TANG Chang Lecythidaceae Height
中台五题·石柱(外祖在南宫,七转名曹,镌记皆在) Middle court five questions Stack Maternal grandfather be Surname seven Transfer of title CAO Juan mind are in the
别同志 allo- compeer
送进士卢棨东归 accompany A successful candidate in the highest imperial examinations Lu Kai East return
从叔郎中諴辍自秋曹分符安陆属群盗倡炽流毒…因有寄献 Father's paternal male cousins who are younger than him Physician trained in herb medicine Ganchuoziqiu CAO points are Qundao advocate Chi Fu Anlu Exert a pernicious influence widely mourn for Have sent dedicate
送徐涣端公南归 Send Xu Huan End public Go South
送祠部曹郎中邺出守洋州 accompany Cibu Cao lang In Ye The code Ocean State
送进士许彬 accompany A successful candidate in the highest imperial examinations Xu Bin
次韵和王驾校书结绶见寄之什 Write and reply in poems according to original poem's rhyming words and Wang jia Shou see the book end school even sent the
秘阁伴直
送太学颜明经及第东归 accompany The highest seat of learning in ancient times in china Yan Ming Jing Pass an imperial examination East return
送进士赵能卿下第南归
送人游边 to see (or walk) someone home Tour Edge
送人之九江谒郡侯苗员外绅 To see (or walk) someone home Nine Jiangye Jun hou Seedling Ministry councillor member of gentry
送许棠先辈之官泾县 accompany Xu tang Antecedent The official Jing County
送司封从叔员外徼赴华州裴尚书均辟 Secretary to send letters Father's paternal male cousins who are younger than him Ministry councillor Jiao Pei went to Washington State Shang shu Are the provision of
多首一页
古诗 ancient style poetry
淮上与友人别

郑谷


  扬子江头杨柳春,杨花愁杀渡江人。
  数声风笛离亭晚,君向潇湘我向秦。

【赏析】   晚唐绝句自杜牧、李商隐以后,单纯议论之风渐炽,抒情性、形象性和音乐性都大为减弱。而郑谷的七绝则仍然保持了长于抒情、富于风韵的特点。
  
    这首诗是诗人在扬州(即题中所称“淮上”)和友人分手时所作。和通常的送行不同,这是一次各赴前程的握别:友人渡江南往潇湘(今湖南一带),自己则北向长安。
  
    一、二两句即景抒情,点醒别离,写得潇洒不着力,读来别具一种天然的风韵。画面很疏朗:扬子江头的渡口,杨柳青青,晚风中,柳丝轻拂,杨花飘荡。岸边停泊着待发的小船,友人即将渡江南去。淡淡几笔,象一幅清新秀雅的水墨画。景中寓情,富于含蕴。依依袅袅的柳丝,牵曳着彼此依依惜别的深情,唤起一种“柳丝长,玉骢难系”的伤离意绪;蒙蒙飘荡的杨花,惹动着双方缭乱不宁的离绪,勾起天涯羁旅的漂泊之感。美好的江头柳色,宜人春光,在这里恰恰成了离情别绪的触媒,所以说“愁杀渡江人”。诗人用淡墨点染景色,用重笔抒写愁绪,初看似不甚协调,细味方感到二者的和谐统一。两句中“扬子江头”、“杨柳春”、“杨花”等同音字的有意重复,构成了一种既轻爽流利,又回环往复,富于情韵美的风调,使人读来既感到感情的深永,又不显得过于沉重与伤感。次句虽单提“渡江人”,但彼此羁旅漂泊,南北乖离,君愁我亦愁,原是不言自明的。
  
    “数声风笛离亭晚,君向潇湘我向秦。”三、四两句,从江头景色收转到离亭别宴,正面抒写握别时情景。驿亭宴别,酒酣情浓,席间吹奏起了凄清怨慕的笛曲。即景抒情,所奏的也许正是象征着别离的《折杨柳》吧。这笛声正倾诉出彼此的离衷,使两位即将分手的友人耳接神驰,默默相对,思绪萦绕,随风远扬。离笛声中,天色仿佛不知不觉地暗了下来,握别的时间到了。两位朋友在沉沉暮霭中互道珍重,各奔前程──君向潇湘我向秦。诗到这里,戛然而止。
  
    这首诗的成功,和有这样一个别开生面的富于情韵的结尾有密切关系。表面上看,末句只是交待各自行程的叙述语,既乏寓情于景的描写,也无一唱三叹的抒情,实际上诗的深长韵味恰恰就蕴含在这貌似朴直的不结之结当中。由于前面已通过江头春色、杨花柳丝、离亭宴饯、风笛暮霭等一系列物象情景对离情进行反复渲染,结句的截然而止,便恰如抔土之障黄流,在反激与对照中愈益显出其内涵的丰富。临歧握别的黯然伤魂,各向天涯的无限愁绪,南北异途的深长思念,乃至漫长旅程中的无边寂寞,都在这不言中得到充分的表达。“君”“我”对举,“向”字重迭,更使得这句诗增添了咏叹的情味。(刘学锴)



【北美枫文集】杨树花柳树

【资料来源】 卷675_40


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