粮zhòngyīngguànyònglìgōu:
  • hé lǐ fù dān jí shí xíng “ yòu qián zhě chū qián ”， dàn nóng mín yì xū gōngjǐ yī dìng xiàn dù de liáng shí yǔ yóu jī duì。
    The equitable distribution of the financial burden means that "those with money should contribute money", while the peasants should supply the guerrilla units with grain within certain limits.
  • nà shí， zài gǎi zào nóng yè fāng miàn wǒ men tí chàng jiàn lì hù zhù zǔ hé xiǎo xíng hé zuò shè， guī mó bǐ jiào xiǎo， fēn pèi yě hé lǐ， suǒ yǐ liáng shí shēng chǎn dé dào zēngzhǎng， nóng mín jī jí xìng gāo。
    At the time, in our effort to transform agriculture, we advocated establishing mutual aid teams and small cooperatives. Since they were small and distribution among the peasants was equitable, the output of grain increased and peasants' enthusiasm for production was enhanced.
  • tā men bāng zhù xiāo chú jí bìng， kuò dà liáng shí shēng chǎn， yán cháng rén shòu mìng。
    They help eradicate disease, expand food production and increase longevity.
  • zhōng guó fā zhǎn liáng shí shēng chǎn suǒ qǔ dé de jù dà chéng jiù， bù jǐn shǐ rén mín de wēn bǎo wèn tí jī běn jiě jué， shēng huó shuǐ píng zhú bù tí gāo， ér qiě wéi zài quán qiú fàn wéi nèi xiāo chú jī 'è yǔ pín kùn zuò chū liǎo zhòng dà gòng xiàn。
    China's significant achievements in developing grain production have not only basically eradicated the problem of people not having enough to eat and wear and gradually raised the living standards of the Chinese people, but also made great contributions to the worldwide efforts to eliminate starvation and poverty.
  • nóng yè fān fān bù néng zhǐ kào liáng shí， zhù yào kào duō zhǒng jīng yíng。
    Nevertheless, we cannot rely solely on increases in grain production to quadruple agricultural production as a whole; We must rely primarily on diversification.
  • 1995 nián yǔ 1949 nián xiāng bǐ， liáng shí zǒng chǎn liàng zēngzhǎng liǎo 3 bèi duō， nián jūn dì zēng 3.1%。
    Total grain output in 1995 more than quadrupled the 1949 figure, or an average increase of 3.1 percent a year.
  • héng héng jiā kuài xiàn yòu kē jì chéng guǒ zhuǎn huà hé liáng shí shēng chǎn zhòng dà jì shù de kē yán gōng guān yǔ yǐn jìn。
    -- Quickening the transfer of existing scientific and technological achievements into productivity, and the scientific research and importation of key technologies concerning grain production.
  • 1996 nián zhì 2001 nián， quán guó gè jí cái zhèng jiù zāi zhī chū dá dào 212.6 yì yuán， xiàng 3.9 yì rén cì de zāi mín tí gōng liáng shí、 yī bèi děng jiù zhù。
    From 1996 to 2001, such expenditures reached 21.26 billion yuan-worth nationwide, providing food, clothing and quilts for 390 million disaster victims.
  • shí wù huán jìng wèi shēng shǔ guǎn lǐ 105 gè gōng zhòng jiē shì， gòng 12900 gè dàng wèi。 zhè xiē dàng wèi fā shòu de huò pǐn， yóu xīn xiān liáng shí yǐ zhì jiā tíng yòng pǐn， yīngyǒu jìn yòu。
    The FEHD operates 105 public markets with 12 900 stalls selling commodities ranging from fresh food to household items.
  • zài bù dà kāi huà de dān yī nóng yè shè huì zhōng， cháng jiàn de yuán yīn shì， bù duàn zēngzhǎng de rén kǒu duì yòu xiàn de tǔ dì shī jiā yù lái yù dà de yā lì。 zhè zhǒng yā lì cháng cháng yóu yú qiàn shōu、 nóng yè de yuán shǐ zhuàng tài yǐ jí yào kào fēi cháng xiá xiǎo de guó tǔ lái gōng yìng liáng shí 'ér jiā jù。
    In the ruder and purely agricultural communities a frequent cause was the mere pressure of their increasing population upon their limited land, aggravated as that pressure so often was by deficient harvests, in the rude state of their agriculture, and depending as they did for food upon a very small extent of country.
  • ＂ yóu yú gān hàn shǎo yǔ， quē liáng wèn tí gèng jiā yán zhòng。＂
    The lack of rain aggravated the serious lack of food.
  • fǎ lǜ guī dìng， fù nǚ zài nóng cūn huàfēn zé rèn tián、 kǒu liáng tián yǐ jí pī zhǔn zhái jī dì děng fāng miàn xiǎng yòu tóng nán zǐ píng děng de quán lì；
    The law stipulates that rural women enjoy the same rights as rural men in the allotment of "responsibility farmland" and "grain-ration farmland" and in the approval of housing sites.
  • fā fàng miàn fěn hé liáng shí
    Rationed out flour and sugar.
  • měi yuè， wǒ men zì diàn zhōng qǔ dé liáng shí。
    We draw rations every month.
  • liáng shí quē fá shí， wǒ men shí xíng dìng liàng gōng yìng zhì。
    When supplies ran short we were rationed.
  • wǒ men bì xū bǎ pèi liáng de shí yòng shí jiān yán cháng。
    We'll have to stretch out the rations.
  • xíng jūn gān liáng bèi cún fàng zài fáng shuǐ de hé zǐ lǐ。
    Marching rations are stored away in waterproof boxes.
  • zài liáng shí xiāo shòu fāng miàn， 1993 nián quán guó chéng zhèn xiāng jì qǔ xiāo liǎo dìng liàng jìhuà gōng yìng de xiāo shòu zhì dù。
    and farmers sell their grain at fairs. In 1993 grain rationing was abolished in cities and towns throughout the country.
  • bǎ lǎo shǔ cóng liáng cāng lǐ xūn chū qù
    Smoke rats out of a barn
  • 2002 nián gòng 'ān pái tuì gēng hái lín rèn wù 1.3 wàn duō gōng qǐng， dāng nián zhōng yāng bǔ zhù zhǒng miáo lín fèi 1000 wàn yuán， gěi tuì gēng hái lín nóng mù hù bǔ zhù liáng shí 1500 wàn gōng jīn， shēng huó fèi 200 wàn yuán。
    In 2002, the goal was to reconvert some 13,000 ha of farmland into forest. The Central Government provided 10 million yuan as subsidy for seedlings, and 15 million kg of grain and two million yuan as allowance for families of farmers and herdsmen whose farmland had been restored to forest.
  • yīn cǐ， zài jí dà bù fēn de qū yù， bāo kuò méi yòu zhēn zhèng fēn pèi tǔ dì de kòng zhì qū jí yī qiē yóu jī qū hé zhǎn xīn qū， dū yìng gēn jù zhōng yāng zhǐ shì，“ chōng fēn lì yòng kàng rì shí qī de jīng yàn， shí xíng jiǎn zū jiǎn xī hé zhuó liàng tiáojì zhǒng zǐ shí liáng de shè huì zhèng cè hé hé lǐ fù dān de cái zhèng zhèng cè， yǐ biàn lián hé huò zhōng lì yī qiē kě néng lián hé huò zhōng lì de shè huì lì liàng， bāng zhù rén mín jiě fàng jūn xiāo miè yī qiē guó mín dǎng wǔ zhuāng lì liàng hé dǎ jī zhèng zhì shàng zuì fǎn dòng de 'è bà fènzǐ。
    Therefore, in the great majority of the areas, including those areas under our control where land has not really been redistributed and all the guerrilla zones and the areas unreached by our army, we should follow the Central Committee's directive to "make full use of the experience acquired during the period of the War of Resistance Against Japan, and put into effect the social policy of reducing rent and interest and of properly adjusting supplies of seed and food grains". We should also apply "the financial policy of the reasonable distribution of burden, so as to unite with all social forces or persuade them to take a neutral stand, and help the People's Liberation Army to wipe out all the Kuomintang armed forces and strike blows at the local tyrants, who are politically the most reactionary.
  • jīn nián zāi huāng de kè fú， wǒ men shí xíng de liáng shí tiáojì hé mián bù jiāo yì qǐ liǎo jí dà de zuò yòng。
    Grain redistribution and trade in cotton cloth have helped us greatly this year to recover from the famine.
  • cǎi qǔ“ tuì gēng hái lín、 fēng shān lǜ huà、 yǐ liáng dài zhèn、 gè tǐ chéng bāo” de bàn fǎ， bìng zǒng jié tuī guǎng“ lín quán shì hé xīn、 gěi liáng shì guān jiàn、 zhǒng miáo yào xiān xíng、 gànbù shì bǎo zhèng” de jīng yàn。
    We systematically returned large tracts of cultivated land to forests and pastures in ecologically fragile areas. Such measures as returning farmland to forests, closing off hills for afforestation, providing grain relief to make up for crop losses and contracting reforesting projects to individuals were adopted. We drew on and spread the experience -- "the right to forest is the core, grain supply is the key, seeds and seedlings should be provided first, and cadres guarantee implementation."
  • dé dào shí xué wèn shì zhuāng shì， jiǒng kùn shí shì bìnàn suǒ， lǎo mài shí shì kǒu liáng 。
    Learning is an ornament in prosperity, a refuge in adversity, and a provision in old age.
  • 　 héng héng jiā qiáng duì liáng shí shì chǎng de tiáokòng。
    Strengthening the regulation and control of grain markets.
  • sān、 zhōng guó néng gòu yǐ kào zì jǐ de lì liàng shí xiàn liáng shí jī běn zìjǐ
    III. China Can Basically Achieve Self-Sufficiency in Grain Through Self-Reliance
  • tā men yǐ kào wài guó liáng shí jiù zāi。
    They counted on foreign grain to relieve their famines.
  • dì 'èr jié　 láo dòng jiànjiē dì duì wù pǐn shēng chǎn qǐ zuò yòng de lìng yī zhǒng fāng shì， yě xū yào jǐyǔ tè bié zhù yì， jí yòng láo dòng shēng chǎn liáng shí， yǐ wéi chí cóng shì shēng chǎn de láo dòng zhě de shēng huó。
    2. Another of the modes in which labour is indirectly or remotely instrumental to the production of a thing, requires particular notice: namely, when it is employed in producing subsistence, to maintain the labourers while they are engaged in the production.
  • yǔ cǐ xiāng fǎn， gōng jù shì kě chóngfù shǐ yòng de， yīn 'ér kě yòng tā men shēng chǎn de quán bù chǎn pǐn， lái wéi zhì zào gōng jù de láo dòng， yǐ jí nà xiē yòng cún liáng yǎng huó láo dòng de rén de jié yù zhī fù bào chóu。
    Implements, on the contrary, being susceptible of repeated employment, the whole of the products which they are instrumental in bringing into existence are a fund which can be drawn upon to remunerate the labour of their construction, and the abstinence of those by whose accumulations that labour was supported.
  • xiǎo mài de yī zhǒng bìng zhèng tè zhēng shì hēi sè yóu zhī yòu yì wèi de dōng xī dài tì liáng 。
    disease of wheat characterized by replacement of the grains with greasy masses of smelly smut spores.
  • jīn hòu jiāng jìn yī bù wán shàn zhè xiē zhì dù， bǎo chí hé lǐ de liáng shí chǔ bèi liàng， chōng shí liáng shí shì chǎng fēng xiǎn jī jīn， zēng qiáng zhèng fǔ duì liáng shí shì chǎng de tūn tù tiáojié néng lì。
    China will further perfect these systems, maintain reasonable amounts of grain in reserve, replenish the grain market risk funds and reinforce the government's ability to regulate grain markets.
  • hào jìn liǎo wǒ men de cún liáng
    Drew down our food reserves.