唐代 陆龟蒙 Lu Guimeng  唐代  
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奉酬袭美先辈吴中苦雨一百韵 Feng pay Xi Mei Antecedent Wuzhong Ku Yu Hundred charm
奉酬袭美先辈初夏见寄次韵 Feng pay Xi Mei Antecedent The first month of summer See Send write and reply in poems according to original poem's rhyming words
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补沈恭子诗 Kyoko Shi Shen added
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奉和袭美酬前进士崔潞盛制见寄因赠至一百四十言 Feng and Ximeichou Before a successful candidate in the highest imperial examinations Cuilushengzhijianjiyinzengzhi Hundred The number 40 *40 speech
奉和袭美太湖诗二十首。初入太湖
奉和袭美太湖诗二十首。晓次神景宫 Feng and xi mei taihu poem score head Xiao Jing Gong plays God
奉和袭美太湖诗二十首。入林屋洞 Feng and xi mei taihu poem score head Hole into the forest estate
奉和袭美太湖诗二十首。雨中游包山精舍 Feng and xi mei taihu poem score head rain Middle reaches (of a river) Bun teaching room
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奉和袭美太湖诗二十首。三宿神景宫
奉和袭美太湖诗二十首。以毛公泉献大谏清河公 Feng and xi mei taihu poem score head To Maogong Quan Xian Big remonstrance Qinghe public
奉和袭美太湖诗二十首。缥缈峰
奉和袭美太湖诗二十首。桃花坞 Feng and xi mei taihu poem score head peach Flowers dock
多首一页
古诗 ancient style poetry
和袭美木兰后池三咏。白莲
和袭美木兰后池三咏。白莲

陆龟蒙


  素花多蒙别艳欺,此花端合在瑶池。
  无情有恨何人见,月晓风清欲堕时。

【注释】 端合: 一作真合
无情有恨何人见: 一作还应有恨无人觉

【赏析】   咏物诗,描写的是客观存在着的具体的事物形象;然而这形象在艺术上的再现,则是诗人按照自己的主观感觉描绘出来的,多少总带有一种抒情的意味。以抒情的心理咏物,这样,物我有情,两相浃洽,才能把它活生生地写到纸上,才是主客观的统一体。陆龟蒙的这首《白莲》,对我们有所启发。
  
    鲜红的夏天太阳,照耀着透出波面的莲花,明镜里现出一片丹霞。艳丽的色彩,是有目共赏的。莲花红多而白少,人们一提到莲花,总是欣赏那红裳翠盖,又谁注意这不事铅华的白莲!然而“清水出芙蓉,天然去雕饰”,真正能够见出莲花之美的,应该是在此而不在彼。从这个意义来说,那红莲不过是“别艳”罢了。“素多蒙别艳欺”,白莲,她凌波独立,不求人知,独自寂寞地开着,好象是“无情的”。可是秋天来了,绿房露冷,素粉香消,她默默地低着头,又似乎有无穷的幽恨。倘若在“月晓风清”朦胧的曙色中去看这将落未落的白莲,你会感到她是多么富有一种动人的意态!她简直是缟袂素巾的瑶池仙子的化身,和俗卉凡葩有着天人之别了。
  
    这诗是咏白莲的,全诗从“素多蒙别艳欺”一句生发出新意;然而它并没有粘滞于色彩的描写,更没有着意于形状的刻画,而是写出了花的精神。特别后两句,诗人从不即不离的空际着笔,把花写得若隐若现,栩栩如生。花,简直融化在诗的意境里;花,简直人格化,个性化了。
  
    一首短短的咏物小诗,能够达到这样的境界,是和诗人的生活情感分不开的。我们知道陆龟蒙处在唐末动乱的年代里,隐居在江南的水乡甫里(在今江苏吴江境内)。他对当时黑暗的政治有所不满,虽退隐山林,然其《笠泽丛书》中的小品文,“并没有忘记天下,正是一塌胡涂的泥塘里的光彩和锋铓。”(鲁迅:《小品文的危机》)因此,他对出污泥而不染、淡雅高洁的白莲,有着一种特殊的爱好;而这种心情的自然流露,就使我们读了这诗后,感到此中有人,呼之欲出。
  
    (马茂元)

【资料来源】 卷628_19


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