唐代 陆龟蒙 Lu Guimeng  唐代  
讀襄陽耆舊傳,因作詩五百言寄皮襲美 Read Xiangyang Tibetology Pass by Poetry Five hundred Send Paper Xi Mei Yan
襲美先輩以龜蒙所獻五百言既蒙見和復示榮唱…用伸酬謝 Xi Mei Antecedent The turtle kept the offer Five hundred Yan Rong Ji Meng See and repeater singing with extension thank sb.with a gift
奉酬襲美先輩吳中苦雨一百韻 Feng pay Xi Mei Antecedent Wuzhong Ku Yu Hundred charm
奉酬襲美先輩初夏見寄次韻 Feng pay Xi Mei Antecedent The first month of summer See Send write and reply in poems according to original poem's rhyming words
奉和襲美二遊詩。徐詩 Feng and Xu Shi Xi Mei 2 poetry
奉和襲美二遊詩。任詩 Feng and xi mei 2 poetry Any poem
次追和清遠道士詩韻 Time to recover and Qing yuandaoshi rhyme (in poetry)
補瀋恭子詩 Kyoko Shi Shen added
讀《陰符經》寄鹿門子 read Hidden fu jing Send a deer doorman
奉和襲美初夏遊楞伽精捨次韻 Feng and Xi Mei The first month of summer You Lankavatara Teaching room write and reply in poems according to original poem's rhyming words
奉和襲美公齋四詠次韻。小鬆 Feng and Xi Mei Gongzhaisiyong Write and reply in poems according to original poem's rhyming words Komatsu
奉和襲美公齋四詠次韻。小桂 Feng and xi mei gongzhaisiyong write and reply in poems according to original poem's rhyming words Xiao Gui
奉和襲美公齋四詠次韻。新竹 Feng and Xi Mei Gongzhaisiyong write and reply in poems according to original poem's rhyming words Hsinchu
奉和襲美公齋四詠次韻。鶴屏 Feng and Xi Mei Gongzhaisiyong write and reply in poems according to original poem's rhyming words He-Ping
奉和襲美酬前進士崔潞盛製見寄因贈至一百四十言 Feng and Ximeichou Before a successful candidate in the highest imperial examinations Cuilushengzhijianjiyinzengzhi Hundred The number 40 *40 speech
奉和襲美太湖詩二十首。初入太湖
奉和襲美太湖詩二十首。曉次神景宮 Feng and xi mei taihu poem score head Xiao Jing Gong plays God
奉和襲美太湖詩二十首。入林屋洞 Feng and xi mei taihu poem score head Hole into the forest estate
奉和襲美太湖詩二十首。雨中遊包山精捨 Feng and xi mei taihu poem score head rain Middle reaches (of a river) Bun teaching room
奉和襲美太湖詩二十首。毛公壇 Feng and xi mei taihu poem score head Mao Public Forum
奉和襲美太湖詩二十首。三宿神景宮
奉和襲美太湖詩二十首。以毛公泉獻大諫清河公 Feng and xi mei taihu poem score head To Maogong Quan Xian Big remonstrance Qinghe public
奉和襲美太湖詩二十首。縹緲峰
奉和襲美太湖詩二十首。桃花塢 Feng and xi mei taihu poem score head peach Flowers dock
多首一頁
古詩 ancient style poetry
和袭美木兰后池三咏。白莲
和襲美木蘭後池三詠。白蓮

陆龟蒙


  素花多蒙別豔欺,此花端合在瑤池。
  無情有恨何人見,月曉風清欲墮時。

【注釋】 端合: 一作真合
無情有恨何人見: 一作還應有恨無人覺

【賞析】   詠物詩,描寫的是客觀存在着的具體的事物形象;然而這形象在藝術上的再現,則是詩人按照自己的主觀感覺描繪出來的,多少總帶有一種抒情的意味。以抒情的心理詠物,這樣,物我有情,兩相浹洽,才能把它活生生地寫到紙上,纔是主客觀的統一體。陸龜蒙的這首《白蓮》,對我們有所啓發。
  
    鮮紅的夏天太陽,照耀着透出波面的蓮花,明鏡裏現出一片丹霞。豔麗的色彩,是有目共賞的。蓮花紅多而白少,人們一提到蓮花,總是欣賞那紅裳翠蓋,又誰註意這不事鉛華的白蓮!然而“清水出芙蓉,天然去雕飾”,真正能夠見出蓮花之美的,應該是在此而不在彼。從這個意義來說,那紅蓮不過是“別豔”罷了。“素多蒙別豔欺”,白蓮,她凌波獨立,不求人知,獨自寂寞地開着,好象是“無情的”。可是秋天來了,緑房露冷,素粉香消,她默默地低着頭,又似乎有無窮的幽恨。倘若在“月曉風清”朦朧的曙色中去看這將落未落的白蓮,你會感到她是多麽富有一種動人的意態!她簡直是縞袂素巾的瑤池仙子的化身,和俗卉凡葩有着天人之別了。
  
    這詩是詠白蓮的,全詩從“素多蒙別豔欺”一句生發出新意;然而它並沒有粘滯於色彩的描寫,更沒有着意於形狀的刻畫,而是寫出了花的精神。特別後兩句,詩人從不即不離的空際着筆,把花寫得若隱若現,栩栩如生。花,簡直融化在詩的意境裏;花,簡直人格化,個性化了。
  
    一首短短的詠物小詩,能夠達到這樣的境界,是和詩人的生活情感分不開的。我們知道陸龜蒙處在唐末動亂的年代裏,隱居在江南的水鄉甫裏(在今江蘇吳江境內)。他對當時黑暗的政治有所不滿,雖退隱山林,然其《笠澤叢書》中的小品文,“並沒有忘記天下,正是一塌鬍塗的泥塘裏的光彩和鋒鋩。”(魯迅:《小品文的危機》)因此,他對出污泥而不染、淡雅高潔的白蓮,有着一種特殊的愛好;而這種心情的自然流露,就使我們讀了這詩後,感到此中有人,呼之欲出。
  
    (馬茂元)

【資料來源】 628_19


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