唐代 陆龟蒙 Lu Guimeng  唐代  
讀襄陽耆舊傳,因作詩五百言寄皮襲美 Read Xiangyang Tibetology Pass by Poetry Five hundred Send Paper Xi Mei Yan
襲美先輩以龜蒙所獻五百言既蒙見和復示榮唱…用伸酬謝 Xi Mei Antecedent The turtle kept the offer Five hundred Yan Rong Ji Meng See and repeater singing with extension thank sb.with a gift
奉酬襲美先輩吳中苦雨一百韻 Feng pay Xi Mei Antecedent Wuzhong Ku Yu Hundred charm
奉酬襲美先輩初夏見寄次韻 Feng pay Xi Mei Antecedent The first month of summer See Send write and reply in poems according to original poem's rhyming words
奉和襲美二遊詩。徐詩 Feng and Xu Shi Xi Mei 2 poetry
奉和襲美二遊詩。任詩 Feng and xi mei 2 poetry Any poem
次追和清遠道士詩韻 Time to recover and Qing yuandaoshi rhyme (in poetry)
補瀋恭子詩 Kyoko Shi Shen added
讀《陰符經》寄鹿門子 read Hidden fu jing Send a deer doorman
奉和襲美初夏遊楞伽精捨次韻 Feng and Xi Mei The first month of summer You Lankavatara Teaching room write and reply in poems according to original poem's rhyming words
奉和襲美公齋四詠次韻。小鬆 Feng and Xi Mei Gongzhaisiyong Write and reply in poems according to original poem's rhyming words Komatsu
奉和襲美公齋四詠次韻。小桂 Feng and xi mei gongzhaisiyong write and reply in poems according to original poem's rhyming words Xiao Gui
奉和襲美公齋四詠次韻。新竹 Feng and Xi Mei Gongzhaisiyong write and reply in poems according to original poem's rhyming words Hsinchu
奉和襲美公齋四詠次韻。鶴屏 Feng and Xi Mei Gongzhaisiyong write and reply in poems according to original poem's rhyming words He-Ping
奉和襲美酬前進士崔潞盛製見寄因贈至一百四十言 Feng and Ximeichou Before a successful candidate in the highest imperial examinations Cuilushengzhijianjiyinzengzhi Hundred The number 40 *40 speech
奉和襲美太湖詩二十首。初入太湖
奉和襲美太湖詩二十首。曉次神景宮 Feng and xi mei taihu poem score head Xiao Jing Gong plays God
奉和襲美太湖詩二十首。入林屋洞 Feng and xi mei taihu poem score head Hole into the forest estate
奉和襲美太湖詩二十首。雨中遊包山精捨 Feng and xi mei taihu poem score head rain Middle reaches (of a river) Bun teaching room
奉和襲美太湖詩二十首。毛公壇 Feng and xi mei taihu poem score head Mao Public Forum
奉和襲美太湖詩二十首。三宿神景宮
奉和襲美太湖詩二十首。以毛公泉獻大諫清河公 Feng and xi mei taihu poem score head To Maogong Quan Xian Big remonstrance Qinghe public
奉和襲美太湖詩二十首。縹緲峰
奉和襲美太湖詩二十首。桃花塢 Feng and xi mei taihu poem score head peach Flowers dock
多首一頁
古詩 ancient style poetry
懷宛陵舊遊

陆龟蒙


  陵陽佳地昔年遊,謝脁青山李白樓。
  唯有日斜溪上思,酒旗風影落春流。

【賞析】   這是一首山水詩,但不是即地即景之作,而是詩人對往年遊歷的懷念。宛陵是漢代設置的一個古縣城,隋時改名宣城(即今安徽宣城)。它三面為陵陽山環抱,前臨句溪、宛溪二水,緑水青山,風景佳麗。南齊詩人謝朓曾任宣城太守,建有高樓一座,世稱謝公樓,唐代又名疊嶂樓。盛唐詩人李白也曾客遊宣城,屢登謝公樓暢飲賦詩。大概是太白遺風所致,謝公樓遂成酒樓。陸龜蒙所懷念的便是有着這些名勝古跡的江南小城。
  
    清人瀋德潛很欣賞這詩的末句,評曰:“佳句,詩中畫本。”(《唐詩別裁》)此評不為無見,但其佳不止在描摹山水如畫,更在於溶化着詩人深沉的感慨。通觀全詩,前二句是平敘宛陵舊遊的懷念,說自己從前曾到陵陽山的那個好地方遊歷,那裏有謝朓、李白的遊蹤遺跡。後二句是回憶當年留下的最深刻的印象:傍晚,在句溪、宛溪旁緩步獨行,夕陽斜照水面,那疊嶂樓的倒影映在水中,它那酒旗仿佛飄落在春天流水中。那情景,最惹人思緒了。為什麽惹起思緒?惹起了什麽思緒?詩人沒有說,也無須說破。前二句既已點出了詩人仰慕的謝朓、李白,後二句描摹的這幀山水圖所藴含的思緒感慨,不言而喻,是與他們的事跡相聯繫的。
  
    謝朓出任宣城太守時,很不得意,“江海雖未從,山林於此始”(《始之宣城郡》)。李白客遊宣城,也是牢騷滿腹,“抽刀斷水水更流,舉杯銷愁愁更愁”(《宣州謝朓樓餞別校書叔雲》)。然而謝朓畢竟還有逸興,李白更往往是豪遊,青青的陵陽山上,那幢謝朓所築、李白酣飲的高樓,確令人思慕嚮往。而自己一介布衣,沒沒無聞,雖然也遊過這陵陽佳地,卻不能為它再增添一分風韻雅勝。於個人,他愧對前賢;於時世,他深感沒落。因此,回想當年舊遊,衹有那充滿迷惘的時逝世衰的情景,給他難忘的深刻印象。這就是西斜的落日,流去的春水,晚風中飄搖的酒旗,流水中破碎的倒影,構成一幅詩意的畫境,惹引無限感慨的思緒。由此可見,這首懷念舊遊的山水詩,實質上是詠懷古跡、感時傷世之作。
  
    這首詩的藝術特色顯然在於煉詞鑄句,熔情入景,因而風物如畫,含蓄不盡。前二句點出時間、地點,顯出名勝、古跡,抒發了懷念、思慕之情,語言省淨,含意豐滿,形象鮮明,已充分顯示詩人老到的藝術才能。後二句深入主題,突出印象,描寫生動,以實見虛,在形似中傳神,堪稱“畫本”,而重在寫意。李商隱《錦瑟》中“此情可待成追憶,衹是當時已惘然”的那種無望的迷惘,在陸龜蒙這首詩裏得到了十分相似的表露。也許這正是本詩的時代特色。詩歌藝術朝着形象地表現某種印象、情緒的方向發展,在晚唐是一種相當普遍的趨勢,這詩即其一例。
  
    (倪其心)

【資料來源】 629_52


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