| 姓： | 王 | ||||||||||
| 名： | 卫国 | ||||||||||
| 出生地： | 陕西陕北山区清涧县 | ||||||||||
阅读路遥 Lu Yao在小说之家的作品!!! | |||||||||||
路遥姓名：路遥
生卒：1949~1992
描述：英年早逝的伟大作家，理想主义者。主要作品有《人生》 《平凡的世界》 《早晨从中午开始》等，其史诗般的作品影响了整整一代人。
籍贯：陕西清涧
个人概述
由于路遥出身农村，他的写作素材基本来自农村生活，他始终认定自己“是一个农民血统的儿子”，是“既带着‘农村味’又带着‘城市味’的人”，他坚信 “人生的最大的幸福也许在于创作的过程，而不在于那个结果”。所以他认为“只有在无比沉重的劳动中，人才活得更为充实”。他始终以深深纠缠的故乡情结和生命的沉重感去感受生活，以陕北大地作为一个沉伏在他心里的永恒的诗意象征，每当他的创作进入低谷时，他都是一个人独自去陕北故乡的“毛乌素沙漠”，他在那里审视自己，观照社会。
路遥的创作随笔《早晨从中午开始》正让我们穿透他的作品而进入到他的内心世界，从中我们可以看到他对文学的执着和创作时的艰辛，“字字看来皆是血，十年辛苦不寻常“，正是这样才使我们看到了鲜花和掌声之后的艰难之路。
路遥的追求与成功，他的忧思与矛盾，都同他的心理结构有着密切的联系，他被称为“土著”作家，主要受到的是农民文化的影响，作为农民的儿子，他深深地爱着他的故乡，承袭和接受了传统文化的影响，以农民生活作为他取之不尽的源泉。但他又是一名“文明”的作家，他立意高远，广纳博取，时时瞻望世界文化，他喜欢《红楼梦》 、鲁讯的作品，巴尔扎克、托尔斯泰、肖洛霍夫的作品他更是百读不厌。各种报纸期刊他也经常翻阅，勤奋大量的阅读，丰富多彩的现实生活，再参之以他独特的生活体验，使他的创作博大宏阔却又情深意长。
路遥平凡的人生构铸了辉煌的世界，他的全部作品收入了五卷本的《路遥文集》 。
路遥的青少年时代
曾写出洋洋百万字的文学作品，为我们理想的生活而讴歌、呐喊的作家路遥，已轻轻地离开的们7年了，尽管很长时间以来，我们都不愿相信这一点。
这位黄土地生养的作家，似乎又化作了一把黄土，飘落在每座山巅之上，也似乎化作了缕缕炊烟，弥漫在每一孔窑洞里，给我们活着的人，留下无限的思念和财富。
1949年冬天，在陕北清涧县一个很偏僻的荒山沟里，诞生了一个男孩，那位大字不识一个的农民父亲，决没料到他的儿子日后会成为震惊中国文坛的著名作家。
当路遥降生到这人间时，他的家庭和社会生活的生存环境，并没有给他呈现出玫瑰一样艳丽的色彩。他的家里十分贫穷，十来口人只有一床被子，缺吃，少穿，越来越多的孩子成了这个家庭的主要负担。
童年的路遥，特别聪明和懂事。他的母亲曾说：“我家路遥从小就是个精，就是个脑子利（清涧方言，即脑子聪明），从来没让我急过肚子。他七八岁就会砍柴了，他把砍的柴捆成一捆一捆，摞在碱畔上，摞下美美一摞，俊得让人舍不得烧。”
路遥在王家堡上完一年级后，这个贫穷的家再也没办法维持生计了，于是，父母决定把他们的第一个儿子路遥，过继给远在百里之外--延川县郭家沟的哥哥。
那是一个秋天的早晨，父亲拖拉着路遥离开王家堡，翻过九里山，顺着秀延河向他大伯家走去。走到清涧县城宿了一夜，没有钱吃饭，父亲只好用生玉米棒子给他充饥。第二天黎明，父亲用仅有的一毛钱为他买了一碗油茶，而后，继续赶路。整个路程上百里，路遥脚穿一双破布鞋，走到目的地时，他身上的衣服都破了，脚上也磨起了很多血泡。当时路遥只有8岁。
第二天清晨，父亲以赶集为借口走了。路遥躲在村里一棵老槐树背后，眼泪扑簌扑簌的看着父亲蹋着朦胧的晨雾，夹着个包袱，像小偷一样悄无声息地走了。就这样，路遥和家乡一别就是5年，父母很少来看望，也没能力关心他。从清涧老家走到延川郭家沟，是路遥人生的辛酸之旅，他一般不愿与人说起。
1987年的一个有月亮的晚上，路遥曾对他的好友朱合作说起这件事。他说，他成年之后也极少去清涧县城，因为那地方曾是“我的伤心落泪之地”。
从此，路遥就与他的养父母生活在一下走。
慈爱、质朴的养母，如同黄土地上的马菇茹，寂寞地开着灿烂的花。她和她的老伴，对路遥如亲生儿子一样，管他吃，管他穿，什么都由着他。
养父母有时连口粮也没法供应，路遥就常常独自跑到荒野地里，在收获过的土地上，去寻觅残留下的玉米粒充饥。
在憨厚善良的养父母支持下，路遥度过了他的求学时代。路遥的养父也是个农民，没有孩子，家里也很贫穷，只能勉强供路遥上村里的小学。那时，路遥时常为买不起几分钱一支的铅笔而忧愁半天。
上小学时，路遥最怕上美术课。没有道林纸，没有水彩颜料，连那指头大的十二色硬块水色也买不起--每片都要一毛钱。他束手无策，只得呆呆坐着，忧伤地看同学们调色、画画，或者找个借口离开教室，不到下课不再回来。
小学时，路遥的观察力颇强。他曾根据各人的相貌特征、身材高低、发音习惯、家庭出身等特点，给班里的每个同学送去一个令人发笑的又贴切的“绰号”。
路遥升初中时，因生活所迫，养父不愿让他参加考试。路遥心里明白，养父实在没有能力供他上学了。但生性倔强的路遥，是含着泪也要证明自己行！当时，在1000多名考生中，县立中学只招收100来人。结果，路遥在人生的第一次竞争中胜利了。
但家里实在没有钱，半个月过去了，路遥都没有去报名，等到东挪西借地筹到钱去报名时，学校按规定不收了。路遥哭着找到正在县上开党代会的村党支部书记。好心的村支书领着他找县长、局长、校长、最后文教局开了个碰头会，才收下这个穷学生。
初中三年，是路遥人生中最困顿和难熬的一段经历。他没有生活保障，连每月五六元的伙食费都交不起，有时连五分七的清水煮萝卜菜也吃不起。那时，学校的饭菜分为甲、乙、丙三个等级，路遥所吃的全是丙级饭：稀饭、黑窝头、野酸菜。而所有这些，还是他要好的同学们凑集起来的。
每个星期天，路遥都回村里参加劳动，吆喝牛耕种自留地，去大田里背庄稼，挣工分，给贫困的家添补收入……因而，他受到村里人的夸奖，常常得到劳动奖状。
小小的路遥，不仅仅满足于身边的一事一物，还对外面的世界有一种荒漠渴盼清泉般的向往。
想了解外面，当时没有其它途径，只有读各种各样的书。于是，路遥就对各种各样的书产生了强烈的兴趣，如饥似渴地读个没完。
课本，路遥看几遍就罢手，却专爱一晚上一晚上地熬油点灯读课外书，这也许是他平时学习成绩一般，但考分比较高的一个原因吧。
17岁之前，路遥连县境也没出过，但他已知道外面世界的很多事情了。路遥幻想有一天写本书，把自己的想法痛痛快快地告诉更多的人，这使他产生了一种写作的愿望，因此路遥在小学和中学，每一篇作文都写得很认真。
上中学时，路遥对文学作品产生了浓厚的兴趣。那时，他近乎贪婪地阅读《钢铁是怎样炼成的》《青年近卫军》《毁灭》《铁流》等书籍，不仅为了创作，更主要的是想把自己锻炼成为一个意志坚强的人。
在路遥的中学时代，给他帮助最大、影响最深的，是他的班主任常友润老师。
常老师从路遥的作文中，看出他是一株很有希望的文学幼苗，便开始有意识地让他往这方面发展。只要班上需要写成文字的东西常老师就让路遥去尝试。
一次，班上举行朗诵会，朗诵的内容有诗歌、散文、戏剧片断。为了把这次活动办得有声有色，也为了锻炼路遥，常老师就让路遥用文学语言写出晚会的串联词。晚会上，那优美的串联词和精彩的朗诵，赢得了师生们的一阵阵掌声。
常老师还把自己积攒下的很多文艺书籍送给路遥，有《钢铁是怎样炼成的》《日日夜夜》《红旗谱》《创业史》《红楼梦》《三国演义》等中外名著。
常老师把自己的财富，都无私地交给了这位颇有天赋的穷学生，是期望路遥日后成才。
所以，即使成才成名了，路遥都把这位老师当作一生的知己，经常到常老师家去看望，感谢老师的培育之恩。
1966年，路遥中学毕业后，回乡村教书，后又调到县文工团搞编剧。
饥饿的经历和苦难的生活，给路遥留下了非常强烈的印象，也促使他拿起自己擅长的笔，来反映这忧伤或者苦痛的一切。路遥在《在困难的日子里》和《平凡的世界》里所写的，都有着自己辛酸的影子。
命运没有给路遥带来温饱和高贵，却使他深刻地理解了人生的艰辛和劳累。正如他在《平凡的世界》里所写的：“我们出身于贫困的农民家庭--永远不要鄙视我们的出身，它给我们带来的好处将一生受用不尽。”
由于他读得多，笔杆子又利索，加之到处盛开的陕北民间艺术之花，给了他“后天的补养”，所以，路遥文学创作的信心越发高涨。他以“樱依红”的笔名，在县文化馆的油印刊物《革命文化》上发表了《塞上柳》、《车过南京桥》两首诗歌。这两炮打响，路遥便一发不可收地向文坛进军，有时达到了废寝忘食的地步。
路遥不停地写呀写，仅1972年一年中，他就创作诗歌50余首，其中有6首在报刊上发表。他的知名度也越来越高。
同时，路遥还与曹谷溪、白军民、陶正等文学知音一起，筹办了属于他们那片天地的文学小报《山花》。他们自写、自编、自印，辛勤地出版着《山花》这张充满泥土气息的八开小报。
反过来，《山花》也以其诱人的魅力，真诚地改变着他们中间的每一个人。对路遥来说，它似乎具有重要的转折意义。正如路遥在《山花》创办十周年纪念大会上所说：“艺术，用它巨大的魅力改变一个人的生活道路。我深深感谢亲爱的《山花》的，正是这一点。”
1973年，23岁的路遥一步一曲折地被推荐到延安大学中文系，开始了寒窗苦读的生活。他饥渴而贪婪地吸吮于文学世界的百花丛中，跨入了他人生旅途中一个新的驿站。
路遥-职业生涯
路遥路遥的作品《人生》
1、1949年出生于陕北山区一个贫困的农民家庭，7 岁时因为家里困难被过继给延川县农村的伯父。文革开始后受影响直到69年底才回到家里务农。这段时间里他做过许多临时性的工作，并在农村一小学中教过一年书。
2、1973年进入延安大学中文系学习，其间开始文学创作。大学毕业后，任《陕西文艺》 （今为《延河》 ）编辑。
3、1992年积劳成疾，英年早逝。
4、1980年发表《惊人动魄的一幕》 ，获得第一届全国优秀中篇小说奖，《人生》 、 《在困难的日子里》 也相继获奖。 《人生》发表于1982年，改革时期陕北高原的城乡生活构成了它的时空背景。
5、 1991年完成长篇小说 《平凡的世界》 获得第三届矛盾文学奖，他的作品 《人生》 被改编成电影后，引起巨大的轰动。
《平凡的世界》 还未完成即在中央人民电台广播。他的创作随笔 《早晨从中午开始》 更是让人看到了他对文学事业的执着的信心和付出的代价。正如 《痛悼路遥》 一文中所写：“计算成功的方式是吃苦和受罪，他拼命工作，玩命写作，自我折磨式的付出，在文学创作这条艰辛寂寞的道路上，竭尽全力，一路血汗向高峰攀登”。对人生的执着追求，对他所热爱的故乡的钟情，以及对他的现实主义写作手法的自信，这一切构成了路遥小说基本的特征。
路遥-个人荣誉
路遥《路遥精选集》
路遥的全部作品集
1. 《人生》
2. 《平凡的世界》
3. 《黄叶在秋风中飘落》
4. 《在困难的日子里》
5. 《你怎么也想不到》
6. 《惊心动魄的一幕》
7. 《战国佣兵传》
8. 《早晨从中午开始》
9. 《我和五叔的六次相遇》
10. 《摇曳的恋情》
11. 《一生中最高兴的一天》
12. 《夏》
13. 《痛苦》
14. 《我与广播电视》
15. 答 《延河》 编辑部门
16. 《小镇上》
17. 《医院里》
18. 《答中央广播电视大学问》
19.关于电影 《人生》 的改编
20. 《月夜静悄悄》
21. 《杏树下》
22. 《风雪腊梅》
23.关于 《人生》 和阎纲的通信
24.关于 《人生》 的对话
25.《匆匆过客》
26. 《人生》法文版序
27. 《路遥小说选》自序
28. 《生活的大树万古长青》
29. 《青松与小红花》
30. 《卖猪》
31. 《路遥散文随笔》
32. 《姐姐》
33. 《路遥短篇小说集》
34. 《致苏联青年近卫军出版社》
35. 《龙与悦》
36. 《答陕西人民广播电台记者问》
37. 《爱の結末》
路遥作品一览
[长篇小说] 《平凡的世界》 《人生》 《在困难的日子里》 《我和五叔的六次相遇》 《黄叶在秋风中飘落》 《惊心动魄的一幕》
[短篇小说] 《月夜静悄悄》 《一生中最高兴的一天》 《夏》 《姐姐》 《风雪腊梅》 《青松与小红花》 《匆匆过客》 《痛苦》
[杂文集] 《早晨从中午开始》 《路遥小说选自序》 关于《人生》的对话 《土地的寻觅》 《作家的劳动》 《柳青的遗产》 《无声的汹涌》 《生活咏叹调》 《生活的大树万古长青》 《人生》法文版序 《这束淡弱的折光》
路遥-个人影响
路遥路遥
2007年11月17日是著名作家路遥逝世15周年纪念日，陕西文艺界在西安和路遥的母校延安大学举行一系列活动，纪念这位英年早逝的作家。
“平凡的世界，辉煌的人生。”这句刻在路遥墓前的一块方石上的悼词，极为恰当地表述了路遥短暂而辉煌的文学人生。17日上午，出版《路遥文集》的华夏出版社有关负责人、陕西省作协有关人士、专程从日本赶来的路遥研究专家等近百人，出席了在延安大学路遥墓前举行的纪念仪式。
此前，陕西省作家、评论家和学者在陕西师范大学举行集会，缅怀路遥。知名作家贾平凹、高建群及评论家李星等以及路遥的亲友，与陕西师大近千名师生一起，回忆和评论了路遥的文学生涯。陕西省作协副主席晓雷写成一部6万字的纪实作品《男儿有泪》 ，用饱含感情的笔触，还原了一个真实的路遥。曾以《最后一个匈奴》而成名的作家高建群未语泪先流，高声朗诵了《扶路遥上山》片断，使不少人泪洒会场。
上世纪80年代，路遥以刻画黄土高坡的陕北人沉重命运的小说《人生》和《平凡的世界》在全国引起巨大反响，后者获得茅盾文学奖。1992年，时年42岁的路遥积劳成疾，在西安永远放下了手中的笔。
2007年11月17日在延安大学的文汇山路遥墓前，来自海内外的100多位路遥研究者，肃穆地献上花篮，表达对路遥的追思。在当天举行的全国路遥研究学术研讨会上，著名文学评论家何西来、李建军等学者就路遥的作品进行了研讨。中国作家协会向大会发来电函，对路遥的文品及人品给予极高评价。
路遥为路遥文学馆揭牌
2007年11月17日上午，一座纪念我国“茅盾文学奖”获得者、当代已故著名作家路遥的文学纪念馆正式成立。路遥文学馆位于延安大学窑洞建筑群一排，背依安葬路遥的文汇山，面临窑洞广场，占地约180平方米，馆名由当代文学大家王蒙先生题写。全国政协文教卫委员会副主任王巨才、中国作家协会副主席陈忠实为该馆揭牌。
在上世纪八九十年代，路遥是中国最有影响力的作家之一，他的《平凡的世界》长销不衰，人们无法理解，在路遥去世之后，他的家人为什么陷入如此的绝境？同时人们又不得不为路遥的精神所折服，他生前困顿，死后却为我们留下了巨大的精神财富，那就是文学的坚守和信仰。
作品虽畅销，但是钱很有限
延安大学路遥研究会的内部期刊中，曾记载了这样一个故事：路遥向前来看望他的朋友张晓光求助，路遥说：“我实在穷得可怕，你认识那么多企业家，能不能帮我找一个经理厂长，我给人家写篇报告文学，给我挣几个钱。”张晓光后来帮路遥联系了一个企业家，这也是路遥惟一一次卖自己的名字，那篇文章刚发表，路遥就病倒了。
王天笑也告诉记者，路遥名气是有了，但钱的确是没有赚到多少，“比如路遥百万字巨著《平凡的世界》 ，当时出版社给的稿费大概是千字30元。在作品出版前就已经预支得差不多了，家里的开支和供养养父母、亲父母，加上他又要抽烟，实际上并没有赚到什么钱。他去世后只留下1万元的存折和近万元的欠账”。
说起作品的版权归属，王天笑说，虽然路遥没有立下遗嘱，但他的妻子和女儿是法定继承人，路遥又这么疼爱女儿，无论从任何角度，他们都不想去争路遥的作品版权。在继承路遥作品版权后，路遥的妻子林达对出版方面很不了解，导致路遥作品出版的混乱，一些出版社超过了专有出版权的期限却仍在销售路遥的作品，而且一些出版社与林达签约时并不是支付版税而是支付稿费，协议有效期为10年，稿酬仅为每千字30元。在这种方式下，即使路遥作品再畅销，路遥妻女拿的钱也非常有限。
精神遗产价值不可估量
千万读者受惠
著名作家、陕师大副教授朱鸿表示，路遥的精神遗产至少有以下四点：第一，他对文学事业的那种神圣感，以整个生命去打造自己的文学；第二，他对普通人命运深刻、持久地关注；第三，他所塑造的高加林、孙少平等人物形象，给了社会底层特别是正处于奋斗中的青年，以永远的感情共鸣与精神鼓励；第四，他尽可能地挖掘、表现了每个人本身潜在的朴素而又宝贵的精神。这四点足以使一位作家永远不朽。“路遥是我尊敬的朋友和师长”，著名作家、省文联副主席高建群如此说道。一个作家去世15年了，人们还在热烈地怀念他，还在谈论他的作品，这本身就是对一个作家最高的奖励。路遥的作品中那些人物及其命运，已远远超越了文学的范畴，他给一切卑微的人物以勇气与光亮，让他们知道自己能够走多远。
著名作家、省作协副主席晓雷与路遥在陕北相识多年，他说路遥生前经常说一句话，“金盆打了分量在”，这句话可以用来概括路遥，路遥清贫的身后，留下的是五卷文集，这套文集如同一个绩优股，随着日月递进，其价格指标每时每刻都在上升，其价值难以用数字估量，受惠的是他的千千万万读者和同行者。
路遥-人物评价
贾平凹：怀念路遥人格和文格的奇特魅力(写于路遥逝世十五周年时)
时间真快，路遥已经去世十五年了。十五年里常常想起他。
想起在延川的一个山头上，他指着山下的县城说：当年我穿着件破棉袄，但我在这里翻江倒海过，你信不！我当然信的，听说过他还是少年的一些事。他把一块石头使劲向沟里扔去，沟畔里一群鸟便轰然而起。想起在省作协换届时，票一投完，他在厕所里给我说：好得很，咱要的就是咱俩的票比他们多！他然后把尿尿得很高。想起他拉我去他家吃烩面片，他削土豆皮很狠，说：我弄长篇呀，你给咱多弄些中篇，不信打不出潼关！想起他从陕北写作回来，人瘦了一圈儿，我问写作咋样，他说：这回吃了大苦咧，稿子一写完，你要抽好烟哩！想起《平凡的世界》出版后一段时间受到冷落，他给我说：狗日的，一满都不懂文学！想起获奖回来，我向他祝贺，他说：你猜我在台上想啥的？我说：想啥哩？他说：我把他们都踩在脚下了！想起他几次要我调到省作协去，而我一直没去，当又到换届的时候，正是我在单位不顺心，在街上碰着他去购置呢绒大衣，我说了想去作协的想法，他却说：西安那地盘你要给咱守住啊！想想他受整时，我去看他，他说：要整倒我的人还没有生下哩！我生病住了院，他带着约烟来看我，说：该歇一歇了，你写那么多，还让别人活不活？！想起他的虎背熊腰。想起他坐在省作协大院里那个破藤椅打盹的样子。想起他病了我去看他，他说：这个病房好吧？省委常委会开了会让我住进来的。想起他快不行了，我又去医院看他，他说：等他出院了，你和我到陕北去，寻个山圪崂住下，咱一边放羊一边养身子。
他是一个优秀的作家，他是一个出色的政治家，他是一个气势磅礴的人。但他是夸父，倒在干渴的路上。
他虽然去世了，他的作品仍然被读者捶读，他的故事依旧被传颂。
陕西的作家每每聚在一起，免不了发感慨：如果路遥还活着不知现在是什么样子？这谁也说不准。但肯定是他会写出更多更好的作品，他会干出许多令人佩服又乍舌的事来。
他是一个强人。强人的身上有他比一般人的优秀处，也有被一般人不可理解处。他大气，也霸道，他痛快豪爽，也使劲用狠，他让你尊敬也让你畏惧，他关心别人，却隐瞒自己的病情，他刚强自负不能容忍居于人后，但儿女情长感情脆弱内心寂寞。
陕西画界有人以为自己是石鲁，我听到石鲁的一个学生说：他算什么呀，不要说石鲁的长处，他连石鲁的短处都学不来！
路遥是一个大抱负的人，文学或许还不是他人生的第一选择，但他干什么都会干成，他的文学就像火一样燃出炙人的灿烂的光焰。
现在，我们很少能看到有这样的人了。
有人说路遥是累死的，证据是他写过《早晨，从中午开始》的书。但路遥不是累死的，他昼伏夜出，是职业的习惯，也是一头猛兽的秉性。有人说路遥是穷死的，因为他死时还欠人万元，但那个年代都穷呀而路遥在陕西作家里一直抽高档烟，喝咖啡，为给女儿吃西餐曾满城跑遍。
扼杀他的是遗传基因。在他死后，他的四个弟弟都患上了与他同样的肝硬化腹水病，而且又在几乎相同的年龄段，已去世了两个，另两个现正病得厉害。这是一个悲苦的家族！一个瓷杯和一个木杯在一做出来就决定了它的寿命长短，但也就在这种基因的命运下，路遥暂短的人生是光彩的，他是以人格和文格的奇特魅力而长寿的。
在陕西，有两个人会长久，那就是石鲁和路遥。（贾平凹）
陈忠实：路遥无愧于哺育他的土地和人民(写于路遥逝世十五周年时)
我们不得不接受这样的事实，无论这个事实多么残酷以至至今仍不能被理智所接纳，这就是：一颗璀璨的星从中国的天宇间陨落了！
一颗智慧的头颅终止了异常活跃异常深刻也异常痛苦的思维。
这就是路遥。
他曾经是我们引以为自豪的文学大省里的一员主将，又是我们这个号称陕西作家群体中的小兄弟；他的猝然离队使得这个整齐的队列出现一个大位置的空缺，也使这个生机勃勃的群体呈现寂寞。当我们：比他小的小弟和比他年长的大哥以及更多的关注他成长的文学前辈们看着他突然离队并为他送行，诸多痛楚因素中最难以承受的是物伤其类的本能的悲哀。
路遥从中国西北的一个自然环境最恶劣也最贫穷的县的山村走出来，为中国当代文学的繁荣创造了绚烂的篇章。这不单是路遥个人的凯歌。它至少给我们以这样的启迪，我们这个民族所潜存的义无反顾的进取精神和旺盛而又强大的艺术创作力量。路遥已经形成的开阔宏大的视野，深沉睿智的穿射历史和实现的思想，成就大事业者的强大的气魄，为实现理想的坚忍不拔和艰苦卓绝的耐力，充分显示出这个古老而又优秀民族最优秀的品质。
路遥入切地关注着生活演进的艰难进程，入切地关注着整个民族摆脱沉疴复兴复壮的历史性变迁，以及由此而产生的巨大痛苦和巨大欢乐。路遥并不在意个人的有幸与不幸，得了或失了，甚至包括伴随他的整个童年时期的饥饿在内的艰辛历程。这是作为一个深刻作家的路遥与平庸文人的最本质区别。正是在这一点上，路遥成为具有独立思维和艺术品格的路遥。
路遥的精神世界是由普通劳动者构建的“平凡的世界”，他在当代作家中最能深刻地理解这个平凡的世界里的人们对中国意味着什么。他本身就是这个平凡世界里并不特别经意而产生的一个，却成了这个世界人们精神上的执言者，他的智慧集合了这个世界的全部精华，又剔除了母胎带给他的所有腥秽，从而使他的精神一次又一次裂变和升华。他的情感却是与之无法剥离的血肉情感。这样，我们才能破译长篇小说 《平凡的世界》里那深刻的现代理性和动人心魄的真血真情。路遥在创作那些普通人生存形态的平凡世界里，不仅不能容忍任何对这个世界的过去和现在、历史和现实的解释的随意性，甚至连一句一词的描绘中的矫情和娇气也决不容忍。他有深切的感知和清醒的理智，以为那些随意的解释和矫情娇气的描绘，不过是作家自身心理不健康不健全的表现，并不属于那个平凡世界里的人们。路遥因此获得了这个世界里数以亿计的普通人的尊敬和崇拜，他沟通了这个世界的人们和地球人类的情感。这是作为独立思维的作家路遥最难仿效的本领。
我们无以排解的悲痛发自最深切的惋惜。42岁，一个刚刚走向成熟的作家的死亡意味着什么？本来，我们完全可以自信地期待，属于路遥的真正辉煌的历程才刚刚开始。我深沉的惋惜正是出自对一个文学大省一个国家和民族的文学事业的无法弥补的损失。一切已不能挽回于万一。所以期待即使是自信的有把握的，也都在1992年11月17日那个早晨被彻底粉碎了。然而我们就路遥截止到1992年11月17日早晨8时20分的整个生命历程来估价，完全可以说，他不仅是我们这个群体而在更广泛的中国当代中青年作家中，也是相当出色相当杰出的一个。就生命的经历而言，路遥是短暂的；就生命的质量而言，路遥是辉煌的。能在如此短暂的生命历程中创造如此辉煌如此有声有色的生命高质量，路遥是无愧于他的整个人生的，无愧于哺育他的土地和人民的。
以路遥的名义，我们寄望于每一个年轻或年长的弟兄，努力创造，为中国文学的全面繁荣而奋争。只是在奋争的同时，千万不可太马虎了自己——这肯定也是路遥的遗训。（陈忠实）
张贤亮追忆路遥：未死已知万事空(写于路遥逝世十五周年时)
有的作家因作品而知名，作品妇孺皆知，口口相传，可是问起这部作品的作家是谁却不一定都知道；有的作家名字响亮，好像人人都听说过有这么一个人，但问起他有什么脍炙人口的作品却抓耳搔腮，颇费思量。我以为路遥和陕西作家群似乎都属于前一类作家。平时不事张扬，不怎么热衷社会活动，电视上的出镜率低甚至拒绝出镜，又不爱发表高论，这是我们西北“老土”的特点之一。
我只见过路遥一面，那已是20多年前80年代初期的事了。那时各地作家协会和文学刊物的经济情况还不紧张，现在已星散零落、被人鄙视得一钱不值的“文坛”还经常举办“笔会”。无非是由哪家文学杂志或者哪个省区的作协出面邀请一帮外地作家来本地聚集一次。大家都有一种解放感，无话不谈，气氛活跃。聚会中少不了吃吃喝喝、游山玩水。今天想起来，中国首开“公款吃喝”的应该是中国作家，中国作家是“公款消费”的始作俑者，罪莫大焉！也难怪今天的年轻作家特别是 “80后”的一代，对我们这些老一辈的作家瞧不到眼里，气不顺。我们玩闹的时候他们还穿着开裆裤撒尿和泥玩哩，今天也该轮着他们风光风光了。
我是在由陕西作协在西安举办的笔会上认识路遥的。可是路遥好像出席不多，出席时也是一脸愁云，很少说话。西安笔会还安排我在“人民剧院”讲了一次 “创作谈”。前不久，我又到西安出席“曲江电影新人新作推荐展”，和著名导演谢飞一起给电影新作颁奖，地点正是“人民剧院”。一进大门，我就不禁想起20多年前那次开讲“创作谈”的聚会。那时楼上楼下连通道都挤满了听众，人人洗耳恭听。今天，我看任何一个作家来讲“创作谈”也不会再有那么多人来浪费时间了。我一人在台上舞之蹈之高谈阔论后，陕西作协请我吃饭，路遥也在座，仍然很少说话。但吃完了饭他非常诚恳地要我到他家坐一坐，说是他家离饭店不远。我记得他家就在陕西作协院内的宿舍楼里，连建筑面积也就 70多平方米的样子。当年人人家里的陈设都很简单，而路遥的家更是简单得近乎简陋。在他家里，和他坐在一起就和在农村炕头上盘腿而坐没有区别，西安这座城市立即消失了。坐下后他给我冲了杯茶，用一个乌蒙蒙的玻璃杯。我突然发现好像整个房间都和茶杯一样乌蒙蒙的，连他整个人都笼罩在一片蒙蒙的雾中。当时在座的还有王愚，我记得从他家出来走到街上我对王愚说，你们陕西作家大概是中国作家中最不会生活的一群了。王愚跟我笑着说：对了！贾平凹刚买了个电冰箱，冰箱里放的只是辣面子和醋。那时陈忠实还没有像今天这样经常被人谈起，后来才知道忠实那时常住在乡下。我们西北作家和农村有着割不断的情感与生活方式的联系，因而农村永远是我们的疼痛点。这是我和路遥见的第一面，也是最后一面。
应该提的是他的身后事。路遥英年早逝后不久，我去北京时见到张锲，张锲那时正主持中华文学基金会，而我在成立这个基金会中是出过力的，所以还有点发言权。张锲跟我谈起路遥去世后他家庭状况和他的清贫，据说路遥弥留之际最不放心的是他的女儿。我就想起路遥邀请我到他家去时那满脸诚恳的表情。实际上，我和路遥本来没有多少话可说，即使在他家也没说什么深入的话题，我和路遥是两类性情的人。路遥要表示他的客气，在饭桌上已经表示过了，用不着再邀我到他家去枯坐片刻。我想，冥冥中这是不是路遥要给我托付什么呢？对路遥的身后事，我一定要做些什么才对。我力主把路遥的女儿安顿好，最好是接到北京来上学。我跟张锲说，中华文学基金会要做事，首先要从这件事上做起。而应该说张锲和他妻子小鲁比我还热心，在他们积极操办下，路遥的女儿很顺利地到通县的学校上学了，并且还经常到张锲家度假，把张锲家当成自己的家了。
现在孩子应该很大了，算起来大约应该有了孩子也就是路遥的孙子了。路遥著作等身，在中国文学史上占着重要的一章，但他一生辛苦，不懂物质享受，大概没有过过一天快活的日子。不知怎么，我一想到他，就想把陆游“死去原知万事空”的诗句改成“未死已知万事空”。（张贤亮）
路遥路遥的作品《平凡的世界》
在《平凡的世界》创作随笔 《早晨从中午开始》中他写到： “人，不仅要战胜失败，而且还要超越胜利。”于是有了为世人所惊叹的百万字长篇巨著—— 《平凡的世界》 ！
形象的喻指自己的主人公他热切地向往着新的广阔天地，他不甘心一辈子被土地牵住，他用他全部的勇气，想要挣断那副无形的枷锁，可是人生的残酷现实却一刻也不放松的钳住了他梦想的翅膀，他又不得不低头与那个封闭而又沉滞的大环境。他被喜悦的眩晕迷失了奋斗的方向，最后，像只苍蝇一样转了一圈，又回到了土地上。
孙少平，一个平凡的世界里平凡的人，他求知若渴，却苦于贫困的家境，为人师、打小工、做家工，生活漂泊不定……他，选择了一条最为艰难的道路进行人生的顽强拼搏，他在改变自己生存条件的同时又在追求着一种更高的生活意义，他的奋斗，他的追求，给平凡注释了另外一种含义！ 犹如与他灵魂的对话，这篇自传性的文章，使我知道了他的生活是怎样的艰辛，是怎样的清贫，同时又是怎样的高贵！巴尔扎克曾经说过：“不幸是一所最好的大学。”在这所大学里，老巴靠借债完成了《人间戏剧》同样，路遥也从这所大学里完成了《人生》和《平凡的世界》 ，看这两部作品的名字，能是生活在富裕的象牙塔里的作家写出来的吗？他们不仅拥有另一种时间，更拥有另一种人生，这种对苦难与孤独的深深体验，正是他们另一种财富，这财富使他们热爱生命甚于热爱自我，热爱风景甚于热爱自己的眼睛，这是一种深刻的平凡。
“生命从苦难开始，只有在苦难中才能诞生灵魂的歌声。”我终于读懂了路遥这句名言的内涵，我也终于读懂了平凡而又有傲骨的路遥。
路遥把作品写进几代人心里
中国社会科学院文学研究所原副所长、著名文学评论家何西来说，陕西作家以柳青、路遥和陈忠实等形成了一个现实主义流派。路遥的作品是靠苦难来涵养，苦难给了他坚强的性格，充实了他创作的内容。路遥不仅仅是一个作家，更是一个思想者，一个崇高的殉职者，他把作品写入了几代人的心里。
陕西省作家协会党组书记雷涛说，路遥的名字连同他的作品，没有因为岁月的久远而失去光彩，恰恰相反，这种光彩随着时间的推移，而愈加显得透亮和耀眼，路遥依然活在千千万万个热爱他的读者的心中。路遥的作品是新时期中国文学一个重要推进阶段所达到的具有典型意义的新高。
中国社会科学院文学研究所研究员、青年评论家李建军说，路遥的作品表现出一种人性的光耀、人格的伟大和积极的人生态度，这是伟大作品的共性，也是比当下以个人情结和生活碎片为题材的作品具有生命力的原因。
路遥的作品表现真、情、美
中央人民广播电台主任编辑叶咏梅（ 《平凡的世界》广播剧编辑）说，路遥的作品表现着真、情、美三个特点。当时， 《平凡的世界》广播剧先后播出3次，直接听众超过3亿人。在中央人民广播电台播出的60部来自古今中外名著改编的广播剧中，《平凡的世界》排名第八。
日本路遥研究专家、姬路独协大学教授安本实认为，路遥是中国最早对中国城乡二元社会结构进行描写的作家，他的作品是逼近人性本质的，达到了世界文学水平的高度。
陕西师范大学赵学勇教授认为，路遥的作品经受了两个时代（计划经济时代、市场经济时代）的考验，他是真正思考中国问题的作家。学术界的冷清与读者的热捧形成了独特的路遥现象，应当引起注意。
山东济宁学院教授宗元认为，路遥作品秉承一种民间的原始正义，他不自觉地站在民间立场，这正是他作品受到读者喜爱的一个重要原因。
北京语言大学教授郑万鹏说，同为“现代史诗”， 《平凡的世界》比《安娜卡列尼娜》少了一层忧虑，多了一层喜悦。 《平凡的世界》主人公们，体现着路遥的现代人格理想，即在完成自我意识觉醒的基础上，完成对他人的责任，以实现更高意义上的社会和谐，伦理和谐。路遥以“现实的人文主义”与“新时期”以来富于人文精神的思潮一道，成为中国当代人文主义复兴的征兆。
相对于路遥生前和身故暴得大名的王小波来说, 路遥算是一位身后比较寂寞的作家。因此，在路遥离开尘世11年之际，一位学者突然从大众日报读到韩石山先生的文章《我看路遥之死》 ，不免感到惊奇.然而,读完之后，这位学者便只有"惊异"了。
路遥韩石山先生
这位学者是一位文学圈外人士，但自信文学作品的阅读面不逊于大多数的作家.路遥的作品，印行于文集里的，这位学者都看过。他的《人生》及改编的电影，在当时的一代大学生中掀起的那份狂热,至今也还记得。路遥是位让人敬重的有影响力的作家。文学或许是有所谓时尚的,但文学的品格和作家的生命力，却在于超越时尚。时间不是文学的死敌,它是文学屹立的见证和活着的信物。
韩先生的核心观点，认为路遥以死拼得一部获茅盾文学奖的作品，太不值得;路遥之死的深层次原因,是对史诗式伟大作品的追求,鼓吹此种观点的文学评论家们是路遥早死的客观上的无形杀手.一言以蔽之,路遥及有关评论家不懂得文学,文学应该是轻松的,而不是沉重的. 路遥"光给自己的母亲和妻子买两件新衣裳还不够,还要亲手织一件能笼住天下的母亲和妻子的华丽的衣衫.于是这苦命的农村孩子便只能一步一步地走近自己的终结."
这位学者不曾有韩先生的幸运,与路遥生前无缘相识,但读其书,想见其为人,《早晨从中午开始》还是认真读过的.这是路遥写作《平凡的世界》一书的忠实记录,也是他文学求索历程的全文本写照.老实说,其中已经透露出浓重的死亡气息.路遥在创作中对生命的过度透支,他的糟糕的生活方式,他的缺乏关爱的家庭生活,让每一个关注他的人着实捏着一把汗.我也如韩先生的内子一样,忘不了那个细节:路遥写完《平凡的世界》最后一个字,打开窗子,把圆珠笔扔了出去.他心里还念着托夫曼的一句话——只要完成了,就是好的!
平心而论,韩先生认为路遥是活活累死的,这观点是不错的;对路遥之死,他也不无"惋惜"之情.但让人无法苟同的是,他轻轻一笔,用"不值"抹杀了路遥一生对于文学的全部追求和梦想.这就不仅是"不厚道"(韩先生自云),而且失之野蛮和霸道了.
其实,韩先生文章的主旨并非在于纪念路遥,而是借路遥之死,提醒文坛众生,不要蹈袭路遥前辙.他是在倡导一种"轻松,健康" 的写作方式,轻松地写作,轻松地挣大钱,让自己和家人过上幸福的生活.那么,韩先生苦心孤诣用"轻松论"统一作家们的认识和追求,有此必要吗?
稍有文学史常识的人都知道,由于个人禀赋不同,人生价值观有异,除文革那样的特殊时代,文学家的创作追求和风格向来是多元的.有唐一代,李白之飘逸,王维之高蹈而外,照样有郊寒岛瘦,李贺呕心沥血,杜子美之沉郁苍凉;南宋偏安,浅斟低唱,莺歌燕舞是主流,但辛弃疾,陈亮之徒,却北望中原,慷慨悲歌,把栏杆拍遍.如此等等,个性使然,岂是强求得来?
近世如鲁迅,活得累,写得也累,年不届花甲而殁,说其是累死的,也无不可,但鲁迅若没有了鲁迅的追求,还是否称其为鲁迅?说到底,人一生的值与不值,是一件极其个人的事,外人之臧否,并无实质性的意义.让鲁迅不做鲁迅,去成为周作人或林语堂或梁实秋, 与痴人说梦有何异乎?放眼人世间,固然有累死的人,玩死的,闲死的也不在少数.
路遥-相关链接
《平凡的世界》长销不衰 路遥不为人知的艰辛
谜团：种种疑团向我们袭来
在上世纪八九十年代，路遥是中国最有影响的作家之一，他的作品影响了整整两代人，他的《平凡的世界》长销不衰，人们无法理解，在路遥去世之后，他的家人为什么陷入如此的绝境？路遥为家人留下多少遗产？这些遗产又去向何方？本报记者辗转陕西榆林、清涧、延安、西安等地，对此展开了调查。
1992年11月王卫国(路遥)患肝硬化腹水去世
1996年路遥弟弟王卫军患肝硬化腹水去世
2007年4月路遥弟弟王天乐患肝硬化腹水去世
2007年5月弟弟王天笑患肝硬化并出现轻度腹水
2007年7月17日路遥父亲在瘫痪半年之后去世
目前路遥的母亲、弟弟王天云、妹妹王英、王萍也患有与路遥同样的肝病
无论是在榆林、清涧，或者延安、西安，记者都能感觉到陕西文人对路遥创造的精神财富的肯定，在很多文学刊物中，路遥的名字依然放在陈忠实和贾平凹之前，路遥出生地清涧县还在路遥亲父母的窑洞前立下“路遥故里”的大碑，提醒每一个路过的人，这里曾是一位伟大作家童年生活过的地方。
这些评价在路遥家人困难的生活面前，显得虚无而无助，在大家对路遥一片赞扬声之中，离路遥最近的亲人却少人关注。路遥的养母李桂英于2004年2月去世，在她去世前的2003年6月，延川县决定给李桂英每月补助150余元，当地报纸当时的报道是：半瘫在炕头的老人激动地说：“我真是感激不尽，卫国(路遥)地下有知，也能含笑九泉了。”李桂英获得的 150元补助对路遥亲父母而言仍是奢望，这两位生活在清涧乡下的老人一个瘫痪在床，一个有病在身，生活自理已成问题。如今，在陕西日报当记者的儿子王天乐刚刚因病去世，在榆林的小儿子王天笑重病在身自顾不暇。
谁来照顾他们？从榆林到西安，没有人给出答案。将路遥带上文学之路的曹谷溪说： “我们是有心无力。”路遥的好朋友高建群被记者追问这个问题时数次沉默，他最后说：“你可以凭你的感觉去判断。”陕西作协党组书记雷涛说：“我们关注的是路遥的直系亲属，比如他的父母(养父母)和妻女，如果是其他亲属，我们就不好拿这个向政府汇报。”
还有一个奇怪的现象是，路遥弟弟、父母的困难都不愿意告诉在北京一家广告公司上班的路遥女儿，甚至当路遥女儿从记者口中了解到父亲家里困境表示要 “尽力去管”的时候，却遭到了王天笑的拒绝。而关于路遥当年的婚姻，路遥周围的人都知道路遥和林达婚姻出现了严重问题，但15 年过去了，知情人对此仍三缄其口。当我们思考怎么帮助路遥家人的时候，关于路遥的种种疑团也向我们袭来。
实际上，在惠建宁发布倡议书后，有网友跟贴捐款，但也有网友对此发出质疑：路遥这么有名气，他的书卖了这么多年，作为他的弟弟，难道还会缺钱看病么？记者在采访中发现，路遥生前虽然创作了《人生》 《平凡的世界》等经典作品，但他去世后只留下1万元的存折和近万元的欠账。为了赚钱，他还炒过股，甚至开价5000元给企业写报告文学。而路遥的作品版权现在属于路遥女儿路茗茗，因为以前缺少版权知识，作品并非按版税而是稿费计算，收入也极为有限。
路遥女儿
帮助——家人不接受
2003年元旦，林达与路茗茗签订了一份《遗产继承协议书》 ，双方就路遥生前所有作品著作权的继承事宜达成协议，由路茗茗全部继承路遥作品的权利。此后，路遥的作品也由稿费改变为版税，人民文学出版社2004年获得授权出版《平凡的世界》 ，该社发行部主任李春凯告诉记者，这几年路遥作品销售约有27万册。尽管他没有透露支付版税数额，但可以肯定，版税收入将大大超过稿费收入。
路遥作品版权拥有者路茗茗会帮助自己的叔叔和爷爷奶奶吗？记者致电路茗茗，当把情况告诉她时，她显得很吃惊，“五叔(王天笑)得病的事情我是去年知道的，当时我就想尽自己能力帮助他，但天乐叔叔说陕北的事情他来负责，叫我别管，我还不知道今年五叔到西安治病的事情。”路茗茗表示，她不会对叔叔、爷爷奶奶不管，她会立即和五叔联系，了解详细情况，并计划近期回陕北一趟。但在7月13日，记者到北京欲面对面采访路茗茗时却被婉拒。
就在记者给路茗茗电话联系之后，王天笑也给记者打来电话，他认为记者不应该将此事情告诉路茗茗，“茗茗对我很好了，去年夏天还陪我到成都附近一个的地方看中医，茗茗在北京有自己的事情，我不想因为这件事情伤害到她。”记者问他路茗茗帮助父亲的兄弟有什么不可以，王天笑坚持说：“我是长辈，茗茗是晚辈，我不能用晚辈的钱，(如果那是路遥的版税收入呢？)那也不行，如果哥哥在，我会接受，哥哥不在，这个钱就是茗茗的钱，大城市的开支是很大的，我不能收。”
读者祝福路遥家人
138××××9879路遥家人被病魔笼罩，人生悲剧巧合，社会各方应给予其生活、医疗救助和关怀。
135××××7730路遥作品发行销量超过百万册，出版社总不能一毛不拔呀，现在也可以通过法律途径解决的啊。
134××××9447天下有好多个像他一样的家庭，这才是普通的家庭，像一杯白开水一样，但人们每天都需要，缺了不行。
130××××0176路遥和家人的遭遇更应了那句话：我们越来越失去掩护，面对自然残酷的真相。
十五载持续热读，路遥过时了吗？
路遥以朴实语言铸造俗事的人生，以平凡的叙事锻造出高尚的精神世界。15年后，高加林、孙少平、孙少安……依然是能让年轻一代读者心头一热的名字。
在近年某家青年报的一项调查中， 《人生》 《平凡的世界》被选为影响当代大学生最大的小说前三名。15年来， 《平凡的世界》长销不衰， 《人生》魅力不减，路遥死后留下了不朽的精神财富：从陕西走出的年轻作家到地产商潘石屹，再到千千万万从底层奋斗上来的年轻人，无不因路遥的小说而热泪盈眶。
然而路遥身后的15年里，文学评论界对路遥文学成就的评价并非全盘褒扬。有人将路遥的小说比为《钢铁是怎样炼成的》之中国版，将其视作励志读物：有人将路遥与沈从文、孙犁等乡土作家对比发现，不仅专门研究路遥的学者著述不多，就连很多大学里的现当代文学课堂上也将路遥一笔带过；更有人干脆将路遥归为一位文学观念滞后、创作方法陈旧的“落伍”作家。
其实，路遥生前就已注意到诸如此类的诟病，他对此有过深刻地思考。路遥认为，对比十九世纪俄国和法国的现实主义文学的伟大程度，中国的现实主义创作还远未成熟。在这样的前提下，一味模仿新文学流派和“洋东西”，生吞活剥的引进注定没有前途。因此路遥态度决绝地坚持自己的平实风格，他曾经颇为激动地表态：“每个人都有自己的语言风格，……如果我的作品中哪怕出现一行某某某那样的文字，我都要坚决地把它划掉。”
路遥身后的15年，面对超现实主义、魔幻现实主义等风格的新乡土文学屡出不穷，有人发问：路遥过时了吗？对此，文学评论家李建军认为，正是在“先锋文学”的狂风横扫一切的时候，我们看见了路遥，他坚定地站在自己的位置上，形单影只，没有被来势汹涌的浪潮“裹挟而去”，由此获得了真正的成功。
深刻的“苦难”标签，坚守还是摒弃？
路遥生于苦难，在苦难中用文学炼成灵魂之歌，但他一生的命运没能改变贫穷的主题：生前，他获得“茅盾文学奖”时去北京领奖的路费是借的；死后，他为患有家族遗传病的家人、年迈体衰的老母亲、百般牵挂的妻女，只留下了一个1万元的存折和近1万元的债单。
为纪念路遥逝世15周年，《陕西日报》连续报道了路遥家人患肝硬化重病缠身，却因经济拮据使治疗陷入困境的消息，引发了社会各界对路遥家人的关注，贾平凹等人带头为路遥家人捐款。与此同时，路遥身后，一批坚守清贫的作家开始浮现于人们眼前：残疾作家贺绪林在几乎没有经济来源的情况下，卧床写作30年；另外一批“陕北流浪作家” 或贫困、或游走、或沉寂不知去向……
联系2006年的沈阳作家洪峰乞讨事件，路遥逝世15周年之际，令人们想到“文人固穷”这句老话，一个老问题被重新提起：文学不该是清贫的事业吗？与此形成鲜明比对的是，新世纪文坛的种种浮躁之气：作家经商热、“触电”热、改编热的风潮之下，巨制佳作鲜见，一些作家不知不觉赚到盆满钵满，千万元身价作家涌现，文学也面临着沦为恶俗的危险，作家似乎已变成与名利紧密挂钩的职业。
路遥身后的15年，有人不禁提出了这样的假想：当初对文学有着宗教般虔诚态度的路遥如果活在当下，会是怎样？曾任《长安》 杂志 主编的作家子页给出了这样一个答案： “假如路遥活着，他一定去旅行。”
对于路遥式的清贫，该坚持还是摒弃？这样的问题在陕西作家圈内展开疾声呼吁。著名作家、陕西省文联副主席陈彦认为，目前作家所面临的最大困境，是物欲世界对作家精神世界的围追堵截，如果自身站立不稳，既渴慕着精神的不朽，又瞻前顾后地寻觅着与市场的短兵相接，那么最终容易把作品搞得非驴非马。
对于一些作家也应该学会面对市场的观点。青年作家黄海的观点颇为尖锐，他认为，作家在创作中面临的困境远比生活中面临的困境要大，它是生活所不能克服的，它越来越多地受到多方面因素的制约，比如文化、体制、经济等。作家创作的任务不是去克服这些问题，更不是去解决这些问题，恰恰相反，它是让作家把这些生活中面临的困境和焦虑带进思想的迷宫。“卡夫卡、博尔赫斯、福克纳他们克服自己写作中的困境了吗？很显然，他们的作品告诉了我们答案——他们没有。为什么我们中国式作家的作品总是要克服自己所遭遇的困境呢？这是个伪命题。”
年轻作家转向都市写作，路遥遭后辈背离？
在路遥的创作感悟里，有过这样一段自白：“我在稿纸上的劳动同父亲在土地上的劳动本质上是一致的。由此，这劳动就是平凡的劳动，而不应该有什么了不起的感觉；由此你写平凡的世界，你也就是这平凡世界中的一员，而不是高人一等……”
在路遥的创作视野里，有过这样一个判断：“我国不幸的农村问题是历史形成的……毫无疑问，广大的落后农村是中国迈向未来的沉重负担。”
时至今日，鲁迅文学院副院长白描回忆起当年的这位老友，掩不住唏嘘：“我还记得许多年以前，路遥跟我两人赤脚走到了西安最繁华的地区——钟楼。走到钟楼时，路遥的情绪突然没有了。他想起了陕北那些受苦的老百姓，情绪完全败坏了。无论走到大城市的哪个繁华的地段，路遥都忘不了在受苦的老百姓。”
源自对乡土、对农民深切的爱，路遥甘用生命最后的年华，钻煤矿、下农村、居陋室，撰写出一部沉甸甸的、反映1975－1985十年间中国城乡广泛变化的长篇巨制《平凡的世界》 。路遥的墓碑上，深情地刻着两行金色的大字——“像牛一样劳动，像土地一样奉献”。
路遥身后的15年，“美女作家”、“身体写作”、“低龄写作军团”等商业化写作屡现，一向素以朴实的现实主义写作风格为特色的陕西作家群体也开始出现了“面临断代”的自省式疾呼。眼下，更多70、80后陕西作家开始远离乡土，描摹私人、描摹都市，这令一直守望、关注陕西文学的不少人大呼失望：难道从第一代柳青到第二代的路遥、贾平凹、陈忠实，陕西作家所开拓的深沉生活体验、广袤文学格局、超拔文学人格，即将走到终结？
对此，陕西作家李星认为，随着社会群体的利益分化，人们的价值观也多元化了，面对这些在中国历史上是从未有过的现象，陕西作家不能只是埋头写悲惨的生活、写苦难。“农民的生活方式、生存方式，已经完全不是过去那种了，劳资关系变化了，比如保姆现在很难雇到了，反映出劳动成本上升，这也是全球化带给中国最底层劳动者的影响，这些，我们作家不能不看到！”
对此，白烨认为，现在文学创作环境已大不一样了，干扰作家的因素很多，第三代陕西作家基本上没有出现特别有代表性的作家，这也是中国文坛当下的普遍问题。“这其实不是一个文学问题，而是时代问题。”
路遥-家庭成员
林达
路遥路茗茗
林达，路遥之妻
路茗茗
路茗茗，路遥之女
Birth and Death: 1949 ~ 1992
Description: The untimely death of the great writers, idealists. His major works include "Life," "Ordinary World" "Good morning, starting from noon," and so on, its epic influenced a whole generation.
Birthplace: Shaanxi Qingjian
Personal Overview
Lu Yao's Creation for the "Morning from noon" is let us through his works to enter into his inner world, from which we can see his dedication and creative literature difficult time, "every word seems to all be blood Unusual Decade ", is such that we have seen the flowers and applause after the hard way.
Yao uncommon life of the brilliant cast structure of the world, his entire income of the five volumes of the works of "Yao corpus."
Yao's young age
Millions of words have been written lengthy literary work, the ideal life for us praise the cry of the writer Lu Yao, who has been gently away 7 years, although a long time, we do not want to believe it.
The Yellow Earth gave birth to the writer, seems to turn into a handful of loess, falling in the mountains on top of each block, but also seems to turn into a plume of smoke, filled in every hole cave in and give us the living, leaving unlimited thoughts and wealth.
The winter of 1949, a county in northern Shaanxi Qingjian remote barren ditch, was born a boy, a man illiterate peasant father, never did not expect his son would become a famous writer shocked the literary world in China.
When Yao was born to this world, he's family and social life of the living environment, and did not give him the same as showing a bright rose color. His family is very poor, 10 years I have only one quilt, lack of food, and want, more and more children have become a major burden for the family.
Yao childhood, in particular, smart and sensible. His mother said: "My childhood is a fine Yao is a mind Lee (Qingjian dialect, that is, smart brain), has never let me anxious over his stomach. His seven-year-old will be chopped wood, and he cut wood batches bundle bundle, pile on the alkaline side, the United States and the United States under the pile of a pile, Chun may not want to burn people. "
Lu Yao Wang Jiabao to complete a grade, this poor family can not earn a living anymore, and therefore, the parents decided to their first son Yao, Barry had one of his far outside - Guo Yanchuan County Wangjiagou brother.
It was an autumn morning, my father swept away Lu Yao Wang Jiabao, Jiulishan turned over, along the show went Yanhe to his uncle house. Go places in the night Qingjian County, no money to eat, my father had to stick to him with Maize fill their stomachs. The next day dawn, the father only a dime for him to buy a bowl of Camellia, then, to hurry. Hundred miles away, on the whole, Yao be wearing a pair of broken shoes, walked destination, he broke his clothes, foot wear also played a lot of Xuepao. Yao was only 8 years old.
The next morning, my father as an excuse to go to country fair. Yao village, an old acacia trees to hide behind, and watching tears trickle trickle father, step on a hazy morning mist, clamped a burden, like a thief quietly away. In this way, Yao and the other is the home of a 5-year, very few parents came to visit, nor ability to care for him. Walked home from Qingjian Wangjiagou Yanchuan Guo, Yao is the bitterness of life journey, he and the people generally do not want to talk about.
1987, a moon of the night, Yao Zhu told his friends talk about cooperation in this matter. He said he has little to adulthood Qingjian County, because that place was "the land of my cry."
Since then, Yao and his parents to live in click away.
Love, simple adoptive mother, as the yellow earth horse mushroom Ru, lonely bright flowers to open. She and her husband, as son of the Yao, as he ate tube, pipe he was wearing, what by him.
Sometimes parents are unable to supply rations, Yao went to the wilderness on the ground are often alone, in the harvest over the land, to find residual fill their stomachs under the corn.
In the simple and honest support of good parents, Yao spent his student days. Yao's adoptive father is a farmer, no children, the family is also very poor, barely on the village primary school for Yao. At that time, Yao often can not afford a few cents to buy a pencil and grief half a day.
Primary school, Lu Yao fear of an art class. No Dowling, no watercolor paints, and even the large 12-color lumps finger could not afford color - each piece must be a dime. His wit's end, had to sit foolishly, sad to see the students color, painting, or an excuse to leave the classroom, less than a class and not come back.
Primary school, Lu Yao's observation is quite strong. He has looks, according to their characteristics, body height, pronunciation habits, family background characteristics, each student sent to the class of a very funny they appropriate the "nickname."
Yao Sheng junior high school, because life force, foster father to not let him take the test. Yao knew that for his adoptive father is unable to attend school. But Yao stubborn by nature, is the tears have to prove that line! At that time, more than 1,000 candidates, county schools enrolled only 100 people. The results, Lu Yao's first competition in the life of victory.
However, there is no money at home, half a month later, Yao did not go to registration, until Dongnuexijie to raise money to enrollment, the school is not collected as required. Yao County, crying, being open to find the village Party branch secretary of the Congress. Kind led him to the county party secretary, the Secretary, the principal, and finally opened a brief meeting Culture and Education Bureau, only accept the poor students.
Junior high school for three years, is the most exhausted and Lu Yao life tough for some experience. He did not living per month is 56 yuan for meals are unable to pay, sometimes clearing five seven boiled radish can not afford to eat vegetables. At that time, school meals were divided into A, B, C and three levels, Yao C all eat rice: rice porridge, the first black den of wild sauerkraut. All of these, or he has to good students gather together up.
Every Sunday, Yao had returned to the village to participate in labor, crying, cattle farming plots to large fields of crops back, earn work points to a poor family fill the income...... so, he was the village's praise, often supported by the labor certificate.
Small Yao, not only regarding the content around a material, but also the outside world there is a clear spring-like desert eager longing.
Would like to know the outside, there was no other way, and only read a variety of books. Thus, Yao on all kinds of books had a strong interest in reading hungrily poured out.
Textbooks, Yao see a few times on the stop, but special love one night a night to boil the oil to light lamps extracurricular reading the book, this may be his usual general grades, higher test scores, but a cause it.
Before the age of 17, Yao has never produced even the canton, but he has to know a lot of things the outside world. Yao fantasy that one day write a book, put their ideas frankly tell more people, making him, a desire to write, so Yao in the primary and secondary schools, each composition was written very seriously.
The secondary sector, Yao literature produced on the interest. At that time, he almost greedily reading "How the Steel Was Tempered" "Young Guard", "destruction", "iron flow" and other books, not only for the creation, the main thing is trying themselves into a strong-willed people.
In Yao's high school, give him to help the largest and deepest, is his troupe Renchang You Run a teacher.
Chang Yao's compositions from the teacher, to see he is a promising literary seedlings began to consciously let him develop this talent. As long as the written text of what the class needs teachers often try to let Yao go.
Once, at a reading class, reading the contents of the poems, prose and drama pieces. To put this event a resounding success, and to exercise Yao, Yao often let the teacher write the evening with a series of literary language words. Party, the beautiful words and wonderful reading series, won the students their rounds of applause.
Regular teachers themselves be saved by the many art books given to Yao, the "How the Steel Was Tempered" "day and night" "Red Flag" "Pioneering" "Dream of Red Mansions", "Three Kingdoms" and other foreign masterpiece.
Often the teacher to their wealth, are quite selflessly handed the talented poor students, is expected Yao future talent.
Therefore, even if the talent was famous, Yao regarded the teachers as lifelong friends, often to the regular teacher's home to visit, thank a teacher cultivation of grace.
In 1966, Yao After graduating from high school, back to village to teach, and later transferred to the county Backstage out list.
The experience of hunger and suffering of life, to Lu Yao left a very strong impression, but also prompted him to pick up his good pen, to reflect the sadness or pain of all. Yao in the "difficult days" and "Ordinary World" written inside, and all have their own bitter shadow.
Fate did not bring food and clothing to the Yao and noble, made him a profound understanding of life and the pain and fatigue. As his "Ordinary World" written inside: "We came from poor peasant family - never to despise our origin, it gives us the benefits of the life ever been."
As he read much, pen another agile, coupled with the Shaanxi Folk Art in bloom everywhere, the flower, and gave him "the day after tomorrow Replenishing", so Yao's confidence in the more high literature. He "cherry by red" pen name, in the County Museum of mimeographed publication "Cultural Revolution" published "Liu Frontier," "Driving through the Nanjing Bridge," two poems. The two guns fired, it became even more rampant Lu Yao to enter the literary world, and sometimes reached the point of sleepless nights.
Yao kept writing ah was only in 1972, the year he first created more than 50 poems, including six published in the press. His popularity is rising.
Meanwhile, Yao River Valley with Cao, Baijun Min, Tao is with such literature Concert, organized literary world belongs to them that piece of tabloid "Expectation." Since they write, write, print, hard to publish the "Expectation" this is full of earthy eight open tabloid.
In turn, "Expectation" is also its seductive charm, good faith, among them changing everyone. On Yao, it seems important watershed. As Yao in the "Expectation" to commemorate the tenth anniversary of founder said: "Art, with its great charm to change one's life path. I am deeply grateful to my dear," Mountain Flower ", and it is this."
In 1973, 23-year-old Yao step in a tortuous been recommended to the Department of Chinese, Yanan University, began 寒窗 studying hard life. He was hungry and greedily sucking in the literary world and the thicket of flowers, his life journey into a new inn.
Yao - Career
Lu Yao Lu Yao's work, "Life"
1,1949 was born in a poor mountainous area in northern Shaanxi peasant family, 7 years old because the family was too difficult for rural counties continue to Yanchuan uncle. After the Cultural Revolution began to be affected until the end of the year 69, before returning home and farm. During that time he made many temporary work, and in rural primary schools taught a book a year.
2,1973 years into the study of Chinese, Yanan, during the beginning literature. After graduation, he was "Shaanxi Literature" (this is "Yan River") editor.
3,1992 in overwork, died young.
4,1980 published "amazing dynamic soul scene", was the first National Award for outstanding novella, "Life," "in the difficult days" also have award-winning. "Life," published in 1982, the reform period constitute the Northern plateau of urban and rural life of its space-time background.
5, completed in 1991 novel "Ordinary World" was the third contradiction prize for his piece "Life" was adapted into a film, it caused a huge sensation.
"Ordinary World" has not yet finished, the Central People's Radio. His Creation for the "Morning from noon" is seen to the cause of his persistent literary confidence and costs. As the "Mourning Lu Yao," wrote an article: "way to calculate the success of hardship and suffering, his hard work, your life writing, self-torture type of giving, in the literature of this difficult and lonely road, do everything, all the way sweat climbing to the peak. " Pursuit of life on his beloved hometown of love, and realism of his writing techniques of self-confidence, which all constitute the basic novel characteristics of Lu Yao.
Yao - Personal honor
Yao, "Yao Beatles"
All the works of Lu Yao
1. "Life"
2. "Ordinary World"
3. "Yellow leaves falling in the autumn wind"
4. "In difficult days"
5. "You can not think of how"
6. "Soul-stirring scene"
7. "Warring States mercenary Biography"
8. "Morning, noon and Start"
9. "The six meet me and Wu Shu"
10. "Flickering romance"
11. "Happiest day of life"
12. "Summer"
13. "Suffering"
Of 14. "I and the Radio and Television"
15. A "Yanhe" Edit sector
16. "Town"
17. "Hospital"
18. "A Central Radio and TV asking"
19. On the film "Life" adaptation
20. "Moonlit quiet"
21. "Apricot trees down"
22. "Snow bloom"
23. On the "Life" and communications Yan Gang
24. On the "life" of the dialogue
25. "Passer"
26. "Life" French order
27. "Yao Red" Preface
28. "Tree of life everlasting"
29. "Pine and a small red flower"
30. "Sale of pigs"
Of 31. "Yao's prose"
32. "Sister"
33. "Yao collection of short stories"
34. "To the Soviet Union Youth Guard Press"
35. "Long and Yue"
36. "A reporter asked the Shaanxi People's Radio"
37. "の knot the end of love"
List of works by Lu Yao
[Novel] "Ordinary World," "Life," "difficult days" "I met six times and Wushu in the" "in the yellow leaves falling in autumn," "soul-stirring scene"
[Short story] "Moonlight Quiet" for Life "the most happy day" "Summer" "sister" "snow bloom" "pine and small red" "hastily transient guests" of "pain"
[Miscellaneous Collection] "Good morning from noon" "stories for Lu Yao Preface" on the "Life" dialogue "the land search," "writer's work", "Liu Qing legacy" "quiet surge" "Life aria" "life the trees will last forever "" Life "French order" that the weak beam light refraction "
Yao - Personal effects
Lu Yao Lu Yao
November 17, 2007 is a famous writer, the 15th anniversary of the death of Lu Yao, Shaanxi, Xi'an, and literary and art circles in Yenan Lu Yao's alma mater, the University held a series of activities to commemorate the untimely death of the writer.
"Ordinary World, brilliant life." Yao phrase carved in stone tomb of a party's eulogy, a very appropriate interpretation of the distance tests a short but brilliant life of literature. 17, the morning of publication, "Yao Collected Works", the head of the Huaxia Publishing House, Shaanxi Province Writers Association concerned, came from Japan came to the Yao of hundreds of experts who attended a university in Yan'an Yao ceremony held at the tomb.
Previously, Shaanxi Province, writers, critics and scholars held a rally at the Shaanxi Normal University, cherish the memory of Lu Yao. Well-known writer Jia, Gao Li Xing and other groups and commentators, and Yao's family and friends, and nearly a thousand students and teachers in Shaanxi Normal University, memories and comments of Yao's literary career. Shaanxi Provincial Writers Association Vice-Chairman Xiao Lei write a 60,000 word nonfiction "Men and tears," stroke with full of emotions, a real reduction of Yao. Once said that "the last Hun" and famous writer Gao group before the tears flow without language, reading aloud the "Fu Yao Mountains" fragment, so many people shed tears at the venue.
80s of last century, Lu Yao to describe Loess Plateau of northern Shaanxi were heavy destiny novel "Life" and "Ordinary World," received a tremendous response across the country, which was Mao Dun Literature Award. In 1992, when he was 42, Yao overwork, in Xi'an, never put down the pen.
November 17, 2007 in Yan'an University, the tomb of Wenhui Shan Yao, Yao from home and abroad more than 100 researchers, solemn to offer a bouquet of flowers to express Lu Yao's memorial service. Yao day study at the National Symposium on the well-known literary critic Jose to, Yao Li Jianjun and other scholars discuss the works carried out. Chinese Writers Association, letter to the congress calls on Yao's personality to a very high literary quality and evaluation.
Yao Yao Literature Museum was inaugurated
November 17, 2007 morning, a commemoration of our country, "Mao Dun Literature Award" winner, the late famous writer Lu Yao contemporary literary memorial was established. Yao Literature Museum is located at the University of Yan'an cave complex in a row, back by buried Wenhui Lu Yao mountain cave facing the square, covers about 180 square meters, the Museum were from the contemporary literature we Mr. Wang Meng wrote. Culture and Health Committee of the CPPCC, vice director Wang Jucai, vice chairman of Chinese Writers Association, Chen Zhongshi as the Museum unveiled.
In the eighties and nineties of last century, Yao is one of the most influential writers of his "Ordinary World" long pins, bad, people can not understand, in Yao's death, his family, so why the fall into hopeless? Same time, people had to admire the spirit of the Yao, his lifetime hardship and death has left us a great spiritual wealth, that is, stick to literature and beliefs.
Although the best-selling works, but money is limited
Yan'an University of Yao's internal journal Studies have documented such a story: Lu Yao forward to visit his friend Zhang Xiaoguang help, Yao said: "I really was too poor to awful, you know so many entrepreneurs can manager can not help me find a director, I write articles for others reportage, earn some money for me. "Zhang Xiaoguang Lu Yao was contacted to help an entrepreneur, this is the only one selling Lu Yao's own name on the article just released, Yao was taken ill.
Wong also told reporters laugh, Yao fame is there, but really did not earn much money, "such as distance tests a million words masterpiece" Ordinary World ", then the royalties to publishers about 30 per thousand words. In advance before publication of a work has more or less, and family expenses and dependent parents, the parent, plus he has to smoke, in fact, did not earn any money. After his death, leaving only 10,000 yuan of book and Near million outstanding loans. "
Speaking of the copyright work, Wong says with a laugh, although Yao intestate, but his wife and daughter is heir apparent, Yao is such a loved daughter, from whatever point of view, they do not want to fight Lu Yao copyright. After inheriting the copyright Lu Yao, Yao's wife Linda is very understanding of the publication, publication of a work led to confusion Lu Yao, a number of publishers over the exclusive period is still in the works of Lu Yao sales, and Some publishing contract with Linda but when not to pay royalties to pay royalties, the agreement is valid for 10 years, remuneration is only 30 yuan per thousand words. In this way, even if re-selling works of Lu Yao, Yao wife and daughter the money is also very limited.
Spiritual heritage of inestimable value
Readers will benefit millions
A famous writer, Xiao Lei and Deputy Provincial Writers Association Yao known for years in northern Shaanxi, said Yao lifetime often say, "hit the weight Jinpen in" This phrase can be used to sum Yao, Lu Yao poor behind, leaving the five-volume collected works, The Collected Works like a blue chip stocks, with the sun, moon and progressive, the price index is rising all the time, its value is difficult to estimate the number of beneficiaries, is his 1000 10 million million readers and companion.
Yao - Character Appraisal
Jia: Yao personal and cultural memory of the strange charm of Georgia (written in the fifth anniversary of the death of Lu Yao)
Time really fast, Yao had died fifteen years. 15 years, think of him often.
Think of a mountain in Yanchuan, he pointed to the foot of the county, said: When I wore pieces of broken cotton jacket, but I am too badly here, and you do not! I certainly believe, and heard of some of the things he was young. He threw a stone Shi Jin go to the ditch, ditch bank in a group of birds will be crashing the sky. Writers in the province when the change of mind, a casting vote, he said to me in the toilet: very good on, we want that we two votes more than they! He then pee very high. Think he pulled me to his house to eat noodle pieces, he peeled potatoes is very aggressive, said: I get a long, thou Give us get some more medium-length, do not believe in fighting not Tongguan! Think of his writing back from the Northern people lost a round of lobbying, I asked the writing Zeyang he said: This is back to eating a big hard blanket, a finished manuscript you want to smoke pumping good miles! Think of "Ordinary World" was published some time out, and he gave me: a dog day, a full literature did not know! Think of winning back, and I congratulate him, he said: I guess the stage too serious for? I said: too serious miles? He said: I put them all trampled up! He reminded me several times transferred to provincial Writers Association, and I never go to the change of the time when it is not liking my unit, bumped him in the street to purchase woolen coat, I said want to Writers Association The idea, he said: that the site you want to give Zan Xian hold ah! Think of him by the whole, I see him, he said: down to the whole people do not give birth to my miles! I live in the hospital sick, he came to see me with some smoke, said: The take a break, you write so much, also do not live and let live?! Think of his sturdy frame. Think of him sitting in the courtyard of the province Writers broken wicker chair nap look. I think he was sick to see him, he said: Well, this ward? Provincial Standing Committee opened will allow me to live in.. Think of him dying, I went to the hospital to see him, he said: When he left the hospital, you and I go to the northern Shaanxi, find a mountain Geliu Lao Mountain stay here on, we support one side while the sheep body.
He is an excellent writer, he is a good politician, he is a magnificent person. But he is Kuafu, down the road in thirst.
Although he died, his work continues to hammer the reader read, his story still be remembered.
Shaanxi writers often get together, inevitably hair feeling: I do not know if Yao is still alive What is it like now? This is anybody's guess. But certainly he would write more and better work, he will do many things people admire it to whom tip the scales.
He is a strong man. Strong man who has his office than the average person's good, there is generally incomprehensible Department. He atmosphere, too overbearing, he was happy liberated, but also force the ruthless, he respected you let your fear, his concern for others, but to conceal his illness, his strong ego can not tolerate the laggard, but their love for sentimental heart lonely.
Shaanxi draw people that think of themselves as Shi Lu, I heard one student said Shi Lu: He considered what, not to mention the Shi Lu's strengths, his weaknesses are even Shi Lu can not learn!
Yao is a big ambition, literary life may not be his first choice, but what would dry into his literature on like fire burning out of burning and a shining flame.
Now, we rarely see such a person.
Some people say that Yao is exhausted, the evidence that he wrote "Good Morning, from noon," the book. But Yao is not exhausted, and his Night is professional practice and is a beast of mettle. Some people say that Yao is the poor die, because he owed one million death was, but that's all the poor Yeah but Yao has been pumping in Shaanxi writer in high-grade tobacco, drink coffee, to give his daughter to eat Western food has traveled the city is.
Kill him is genetic. After his death, his four brothers are suffering from liver cirrhosis with him the same disease, and again almost the same age, had died two and the other two are seriously ill. This is a miserable family! A porcelain cup and a wooden cup made out of a decision in its longevity, but also the fate of this gene, the Yao ephemeral life is glorious, he is a peculiar character and cultural charm of the grid longevity.
In Shaanxi, two people a long time, that is, Shi Lu and Lu. (Jia)
Chen Zhongshi: Yao worthy of feeding his land and people (written in the fifth anniversary of the death of Lu Yao)
We have to accept that, no matter how cruel this fact has still not be well accepted by reason, that is: a bright star from China between the fall of the Sky!
The head of an intelligence exception to terminate a very active also extremely painful and profound thinking.
This is Yao.
He was proud of our literature of a large provincial chief commander, is our group of writers known as Shaanxi's little brother; his sudden leaving the team makes this neat queue position of the emergence of a large vacancy, but also to make this dynamic group show loneliness. When: smaller than his younger brother and older than his brother and more attention to his growing literary predecessors and looked at him suddenly leaving the team to see him off, many of the most unbearable pain factor is material injury of its kind in the instinct of sorrow.
Yao a natural environment from northwest China's worst and most impoverished counties in the village came out to the prosperity of contemporary Chinese literature to create a splendid chapter. This is not just Yao personal triumph. It at least gives us such inspiration, the potential of our nation's duty-bound to keep enterprising spirit and a strong and powerful force of art. Yao has become the vision of the open grand, deep wisdom achieved through radio history and thought, great achievements in the cause of the powerful who have the courage to achieve the ideal of perseverance and stamina arduous, clearly showing that this ancient and excellent of the most excellent quality.
Yao into the evolution of life all concerned about the difficult process of cutting into the attention of the entire nation out of ills rejuvenation rejuvenation of historical transition, and the resulting immense suffering and great joy. Yao does not care individuals fortunate and won or lost, even with his entire childhood, including the difficult journey of hunger. This is a profound writer Lu Yao and the most essential difference between mediocre writers. It is at this point, Yao became independent thinking and artistic character of Yao.
Lu Yao's spiritual world is built by ordinary workers, "Ordinary World", the most contemporary writers, he can fully understand the ordinary people in the world of what it means to China. He is itself the world of the ordinary is not particularly one resulting from Jing-yi, has become the world's people to spiritual enforcement speaker, a collection of his wisdom all the essence of this world, gave him removed from the list of all fetal fishy foul, so that his spirit again and again fission and sublimation. His feelings are not stripped of flesh and blood with emotions. So that we can decipher the novel "Ordinary World" in that profound and inspiring and modern rational true blood true feelings. Yao ordinary people living in the creative form that ordinary world, not only intolerant of the world's past and present, history and the arbitrary interpretation of reality, even a word picture of the hypocritical and never squeamish tolerance. He has deep perception and sober mind, that the interpretation of those arbitrary and hypocritical portrayal of squeamish, but the writers themselves do not sound unhealthy psychological performance, are not part of the ordinary people in the world of. Yao thus received hundreds of millions of ordinary people in this world, respect and worship, to communicate with people of this world and the earth human emotion. This is the thinking of the writer as an independent ability to Lu Yao the hardest to follow.
To Yao's name, we hope to every young or older brothers, and strive to create, for the overall prosperity of the Chinese literature struggling. Only struggling for the same time, do not be too careless to their - Surely, this is Yao's teachings. (Chen Zhongshi)
Liang recall Yao: Acquainted with all things known to empty (written in the fifth anniversary of the death of Lu Yao)
Some writers known for work, work notoriously bad, word of mouth, but the writer asked about this work do not necessarily know who is; some writer's name loudly, as if everyone has heard there is such a person But asked what his popular works are arrested ear scratch cheek, lot of thought. I think Yao and Shaanxi Writers writers seem to belong to the former category. Usually unassuming, not very keen on social activities, television and even refused to rate photographed photographed without express high on love, which is the Northwest, "old fashioned" one of the characteristics.
I was held by the Shaanxi Association of Writers in the Xi'an Lu Yao's pen was recognized. Yao seemed to attend, but not much, is a look of melancholy when present, very few words. Xi'an document also arranged for me in the "People's Theatre," about a "literature." Not long ago, I went to Xi'an to attend "Qujiang new to the film as recommended by the new exhibition", and the famous film director Xie Fei together to award new work place is the "people's theater." On entering the gate, I can not help thinking that 20 years ago, lecturing on "literature" of the party. Then down the stairs with channel packed with the audience, everyone listens. Today, I think any writer in terms of "literature" so many people will no longer have to waste time. I danced on stage for a dance club in the rhetoric, the Shaanxi Writers Association invited me to dinner, Yao was also present, still very few words. But dinner is he is very sincere to me to sit on his house, said his family not far from the hotel. I remember he lives in the dorm courtyard Shaanxi Writers Association, with more than 70 square meters floor area also look like. Time, everyone at home furnishings are simple, but Yao's home is simple, almost primitive. In his home, to join him on and the white picket fence in the rural areas there is no difference between sitting cross-legged on the Xi'an city immediately disappeared. I sat down and rushed him to a cup of tea, with a Wu Mengmeng glass. I suddenly found the whole room seems to have the same Wu Mengmeng and cups, and even his whole people are shrouded in a misty fog. Wang Yu was also present here, I remember the street from his house I walked out, said Wang Yu, Shaanxi writer you the most about is the writer who does not live up. Yu Wang smiled and said to me: right! Jia just bought a refrigerator, the refrigerator and let's just face spicy vinegar. At that time Chen Zhongshi not like this has often been talked about, and then I faithfully then resident in the country. Our writers and the rural North West has an inseparable link emotions and way of life, so in rural areas will always be our point of pain. This is my first face and Lu, see also the last time.
Should be mentioned that his funeral. Yao passed away soon after, I went to Beijing to see Zhang Qie, Zhang Qie Chinese Literature Foundation, chaired by then, and I set up this foundation in excessive force is out, so still a little voice. Yao Zhang Qie told me about the death of his family situation and his poor, dying is said Yao least rest assured that his daughter. I think Yao invited me to his house when that face sincere expression. In fact, I and Lu had little left to say, even though his family said nothing in the depth of the topic, I and Lu are two types of temperament of the people. Yao said he should be kind, at the dinner table has been expressed, and no need to re-invited me to his house to sit a while. I think somewhere it is not the Yao to give what I have entrusted to him? On Yao's funeral, I must do what if it. Yao's daughter, I advocated the settled, it is better to Beijing to attend school. I told Zhang Qie said that the China Literature Foundation to do something, we should first start with this issue. But it should be said, and his wife, Zhang Qie Rue enthusiastic than I am, they actively make preparations, the Yao's daughter is very smooth to the school to school in Datong County, and often resort to Zhang Qie home to home as Zhang Qie their own home.
Now the child should be great, and you figure it should have a child that is about Yao's grandson. Yao himself, play an important part in the history of Chinese literature of a chapter, but he had a hard life, but not the material comforts, probably not had a single day to be happy. I do not know how, I think of him, Lu wants to "know everything the original dead air," the poem to "Acquainted with all things known to empty." (Liang)
Lu Yao Lu Yao's works "Ordinary World"
In "Ordinary World" Essay Writing "from noon start the morning", he wrote: "Man, not only to overcome the failure, but also beyond the victory." Surprised people in the world was there for the millions of words long masterpiece - "ordinary of the world! "
The image of the hero of his own metaphor that eagerly yearn for the vast new, he was reconciled to life're holding the land, he used all his courage, like the invisible shackles torn apart by askew, but the harsh reality of life is the moment not relaxed vise wings of his dream, he had to bow and the closed and stagnate in the environment. He was pleased with the direction of vertigo lost struggle, and finally, the same as a fly in a circle, then back to the land.
Sun Shaopins, an ordinary world, ordinary people, he was thirsty for knowledge, they suffer from poor family, and his teacher, played unskilled laborer, doing house work, vagrant life...... he chose a most difficult roads in life indomitable in his condition to change his life while pursuing a kind of higher meaning in life, he struggles to his pursuit of another kind of comments to the ordinary meaning! As if the dialogue with his soul, this autobiographical article, so I know what his life is hard, is how poor, how noble the same time! Balzac once said: "Unfortunately, the University is a best." In this university, the old bus by borrowing to complete the "human drama" Similarly, Yao also from the university to complete a "Life" and "Ordinary World" to see the names of his films, able to live in rich ivory tower writer write it? Not only do they have another time, also has another life, that of the deep suffering and lonely experience, is their other wealth, wealth and even their love lives in self-love, love the picture even in love their eyes, this is a profound ordinary.
"Life from the misery, only to be born in suffering the soul singing." Yao I finally read the famous words of content, I finally read the ordinary and have a proud and the Yao.
Yao works included in the hearts of generations
Former deputy director of the CASS Institute of Literature, the famous literary critic, Jose, the Shaanxi writers Liu Qing, Yao and Chen Zhongshi such as the formation of a realistic genre. Lu Yao's work to conservation is by suffering, suffering for his strong character, enrich the content of his writing. Yao is not just a writer, but also a thinker, a noble death, he works written to the hearts of generations.
Shaanxi Provincial Writers Association, said party secretary Lei Tao, Lu Yao's name together with his works, have not been tarnished by years of long, on the contrary, such a glory over time, but appears more bright and dazzling, Yao is still live in thousands and thousands of loving hearts of his readers. Lu Yao's work is an important advance in the new period of Chinese literature reached a stage typical of a new high.
Chinese Academy of Social Sciences researcher at the Institute of literature, young critic, said Li Jianjun, Lu Yao's works displayed a brilliance of human nature and personality of the great and positive attitude towards life, this is great works in common, is also a complex and personal than the current life fragments of the theme works with vitality reasons.
Lu Yao's work shows the truth, love, United States
Director of the Central People's Radio Edit Ye Yongmei ("Ordinary World" radio edit), said Yao's work shows the true situation, the United States three characteristics. At the time, "Ordinary World" radio has broadcast three times, more than 300 million people directly to the audience. In the Central People's Radio broadcast on 60 radio play adapted from the ancient and modern masterpieces, the "Ordinary World" ranked eighth.
Yao researchers in Japan, Himeji Dokkyo University Aberdeen fact that, Yao is China's earliest urban and rural social structure in China described the writer, his work is human nature approach, reaching the height of the world literature Shui Ping.
Shaanxi Normal University, Professor Zhao Xueyong that Yao's work has stood the two times (the planned economy era, the market economy era) test, thinking that he is the real problem of China's writers. Academic deserted and favorable for the formation of the reader a unique Yao phenomenon should be noted.
Jining, Shandong University Professor Zong believes that adhering to a civil Lu Yao original works of justice, he did not consciously standing civil position, which is a favorite of his works are an important reason for the reader.
Beijing Language University Zhengwan Peng said, with a "modern epic", "Ordinary World" than "Anna Karenina," a layer of less anxiety, more than a layer of joy. "Ordinary world" hero who embodies the ideal of modern personality Lu Yao that the completion of the awakening self-awareness based on the complete responsibility to others, in order to achieve a higher sense of social harmony, ethical harmony. Yao to "realistic humanism" and "New" has a rich humanistic spirit of thought, as a sign of China's contemporary renaissance humanism.
Yao alive and the deceased relative to violence was name of Wang Xiaobo, the distance tests be a more lonely writer behind. Therefore, Lu Yao occasion of passing away 11 years, a scholar suddenly from the public to read Mr. Han Shishan Daily article, "I think Yao's death" can not help but wonder. However, after reading it, the scholars will be only "surprise" the.
Yao Mr. Han Shishan
The scholar is a literary outsiders, however, self-confidence in reading literary works are not worse than most writers face. Lu Yao's work, published in the collected works in, and the scholars have seen. His "Life" and the film adaptation, at the time of generation of college students set off the share of fanaticism, I still remember. Yao is a influential people respected writer. Literature is perhaps the so-called fashion, but the character of literature and writers of vitality, it is beyond fashion. Time is not the sworn enemy of literature, it is literature and the living witness stand token.
Mr. Han's core view that the Yao to Si Pin was a work by Mao Dun, not worth it; Yao deep-seated reasons for the death, is an epic quest for the great work, advocate this view of literature Yao critics is the objective of premature death on the killers. In short, Yao and the critics do not understand literature, literature should be easy, not heavy. Yao, "light to his mother and his wife to buy two new clothes enough, one can also hand woven cage of mother and wife living the world of beautiful clothes. so that the hardy rural children can only step by step, approached his end. "
In all fairness, Mr. Han that Yao is alive exhausted, and this view is nice; on Yao's death, he is not without "sorry" love. But people can not agree, he gently touches with "not worth" a Yao denied all his life for literary pursuits and dreams. It is not only "not kind" (Mr. Han from the cloud), and loss of the brutal and hegemony.
In fact, Mr. Han is not the main thrust of the article is to commemorate the Yao, but Yao's death by reminding literary beings, not Dao Xi Lu Yao before the difficult situation. He was advocating a "relaxed and healthy," written in a way easily Writing and easily make big money, make themselves and their families a happy life. Well, Mr. Han painstaking as "easy on the" unity of knowledge and the pursuit of writers, there is this necessary?
Literary history a little common sense knows that, due to personal endowments of different, values of life are different, in addition to the special times like the Cultural Revolution, the pursuit of literary creativity and style has always been diverse. The Tang Dynasty, Li Bai of the elegant, high Tao-Wang Wei suits, still has the rural island of thin cold, Li worked hard to Du son desolate melancholy beauty; Song he sacrifice the long, shallow pour sings, joy of spring is the mainstream, but ji, Chen Liang of believers, but the north central plains, her Feelings, the railings beat times. and so on, a character trait, so on and so insist it?
Modern times, such as Lu Xun, Huode Lei, written too tired, do not wrinkle and the dead in that its is exhausted, and are not free, but without the Lu Xun Lu Xun's pursuit, it is called Lu Xun? In the final analysis, the value of human life and worth, is a very personal matter, foreigners of rank, there is no substantive significance. so do not do Lu Xun, Lin Yutang, or to be ren or Liang, and talking nonsense with Heyi Down? looking people world, of course, people who have exhausted, play dead, there are also many leisure death.
Yao - Related Links
"Ordinary World" not long off the hard failure Yao unknown
Mystery: these questions hit us
In the eighties and nineties of last century, Yao is one of the most influential writers, his works influenced a whole generation or two, he's "Ordinary World" long pins, bad, people can not understand, in Yao's death After his family into such a hopeless Why? Yao much of a legacy for his family? The legacy they aiming for? Reporter various twists and turns in Yulin, Qingjian, Yan'an, Xi'an, which launched an investigation.
November 1992 Wang Weiguo (Yao) suffering from liver cirrhosis death
Yao 1996, the death of his brother Wang Weijun suffering from liver cirrhosis with ascites
April 2007 Wong, Yue Lu Yao brother died suffering from liver cirrhosis
May 2007 Wong, smiling brother suffering from liver cirrhosis and mild ascites
July 17, 2007 Yao father died six months after paralysis
Currently Yao's mother, brother Tian-Yun Wang, sister Wang Ying, Wang Ping and Yao are also suffering from the same liver disease
Whether in Yulin, Qingjian, or Yan'an, Xi'an, Shanxi reporter could feel the writers on the spiritual wealth created by Lu Yao's certainly, in many literary journals, Lu Yao's name is still on and Jia Chen Zhongshi before the Road Yao Lu Yao was born Qingjian County, the parent of the cave is also pre-set "Yao Hometown" large monument, reminding every passerby, here is a great writer once lived where childhood.
Who will take care of them? To Xi'an from Yulin, no one answers. Yao put on the road of literature will Cao Valley Stream, said: "We are powerless." Yao is a good friend of Gao's group asked this question several times with him, he finally said: "You can feel with you to judge." Lei Tao, party secretary of Shaanxi Writers Association, said: "Our concern is Yao's immediate family, such as his parents (adoptive parents) and his wife and daughter, and if other family members, we not right to take this report to the government."
There is a strange phenomenon is that Yao brother, the difficulties parents are reluctant to tell an advertising company in Beijing, Yao daughter to work, even when Yao daughter learned from her father's home, the plight of the mouth, said to "try to control" time, but was laughed Wong refused. The year of marriage on Yao, Yao around Yao and Linda know that marriage a serious problem, but 15 years later, insiders have remained tight-lipped. When we think about how to help Yao family time, all the doubts about Yao also hit us.
In fact, after the benefit Jianning release written proposal, with users keep abreast of contributions, but there are also users to issue the question: Yao so famous, his books sell so many years, as his younger brother, are also short of money doctor Why? Reporter found that although during his lifetime created Lu Yao, "Life," "ordinary world" and other classics, but after his death, leaving only 10,000 yuan of book and nearly million in outstanding loans. In order to make money, he shares fry, or even asking price was 5,000 yuan to enterprises reportage. And Lu Yao Lu Yao copyright now belongs to her daughter Way Ming Ming, because the lack of prior knowledge of copyright, works not by royalty but the royalties, revenue was severely limited.
Yao daughter
Help - family members do not accept
New Year's Day 2003, Linda and Lu Ming Ming signed a "inheritance agreement," both sides of all works copyright Lu Yao's successor before his death to reach an agreement, by the way Yao Ming Ming works full inheritance rights. Since then, Lu Yao's works are also changed by a Remuneration royalties, People's Literature Publishing House in 2004 authorized publication of "Ordinary World", the club director Li Chunkai issue told reporters, Yao works in recent years sold some 27 million copies. Although he did not disclose the amount of royalty payments, but it is certain royalties royalty income will greatly exceed income.
Yao Ming Road, the copyright holder tea will help their uncle and grandparents do? The reporter called Road Ming Ming, when to tell her, she looked very surprised, "Wu Shu (Wong laughs) sick of the things I know last year, when I tried their skills to help him, but his uncle said Tin Lok Shan North of things for him, told me to not worry, I do not know to this year, Wu Shu Xian cure it. "Ming Ming Lu said that she would not uncles, grandparents, whatever, she would immediately and Wu Shu contact details situation and plan the recent trip back to Northern. However, on July 13, reporters want to face interviews Road to Beijing when the Ming Ming been declined.
At the press to the road on the telephone after Ming Ming, Wang-day phone call to reporters laughing too, he thought reporters should not tell the way this thing Ming Ming, "Ming Ming very nice to me, and last summer, also accompanied me to the one near Chengdu could see the Chinese, Ming Thea sinensis in Beijing has its own thing, I do not want this Jian things harmful to her. "reporter asked Lu Ming Ming to help his father's brothers are what can not, the king day laughing insisted:" I yes elders, Ming Ming is younger, and I can not use the money of younger people, (if that is Yao's royalty income?) that does not work, if the brother, I will take my brother away, the money is Ming Ming's money, spending is a big city, and I can not accept. "
Readers wish Yao family
138 × × × × 9879 Yao family were shrouded illness, tragic coincidence of life, social parties should give their lives, medical assistance and care.
135 × × × × 7730 Yao issue sold more than one million works, publishing houses can not stingy Yeah, now can be resolved through legal means ah.
134 × × × × 9447 world quite like him more than the family, this is the ordinary family, the same as a glass of water, but people need every day, missing not work.
130 × × × × 0176 Yao and his family has had a sentence should be: We cover more and more lost to natural brutal truth.
15 set constant heat Reading, Yao date?
Yao in plain language casting mundane affairs of life, to ordinary narrative forged noble spiritual world. 15 years later, Gao Jialin Sun Shaopins, Sun Shaoan...... still allows young readers to mind a hot name.
In recent years, youth reported a family in a survey, "Life," "Ordinary World" was chosen as the greatest novel affect the top three college students. 15 years, "Ordinary World" long pin is not bad, "Life" charm down, Yao left after the death of the immortal spirit of wealth: the young writer from Shaanxi out to developers Pan Shiyi, to the hundreds of thousands from the bottom struggling up the young people, are all due to Yao's novels and eyes filled with tears.
Yao, however, behind the 15 years, literary critics, literary achievements of the Yao is not a comprehensive evaluation of praise. Lu Yao's novel was the ratio of "How the Steel Was Tempered" the Chinese version of its books as inspirational: Some people have Yao and Shen, Sun Li and other local writers comparison, the only writings of scholars specializing in non-Lu Yao more, even many of the university's Modern and Contemporary Literature class will be a take-off distance tests; more people to simply go to Lu Yao lag a literary concept, creative way old "Left Behind" author.
In fact, Yao had noted that whatever the criticism during his lifetime, he had this profound thought. Yao believes that comparing the nineteenth century Russian and French literature of the great degree of realism, realistic writing in China is far from mature. In this context, blind imitation of the new literary genre, and "foreign things", the introduction of devouring doomed no future. Yao attitude outrightly therefore adhere to their plain style, his attitude was rather excitedly: "Everyone has their own language style, the works...... if I even appear in the line of such and such a text as I have firmly it off. "
Yao 15 years behind the face of surrealism, magic realism and other styles of the new local literature is not repeated the poor, people ask: Yao date? This, literary critic Li Jianjun that it is in "pioneer literature" winds sweeping, we see Yao, he stood firm on his position by itself, not the gathering surging waves "coerced and go ", this was a real success.
Profound "suffering" label, adhere to or abandon?
Yao was born in suffering, the suffering of using literature to Make the soul in song, but the fate of his life did not change the theme of poverty: during his lifetime, he received the "Mao Dun Literature Award" went to Beijing to accept the award when the toll is borrowed; death After his family members suffering from hereditary diseases, the ailing old mother, wife and daughter all sorts of care, leaving only a 1 million books and nearly 1 million in debt alone.
To commemorate the 15th anniversary of the death of Lu Yao, "Shaanxi Daily" reported consecutive Yao gravely ill family members suffering from liver cirrhosis, because of economic constraints to the treatment of troubled news, Yao led the community's concern about his family, Jia, and others take the lead Yao donations for the family. At the same time, Yao behind, a group of writers adhere to the poor began to surface in people's eyes: He Xu Lin disabled writers almost no source of income in the case, writing in bed for 30 years; another group of "wandering writer in Northern" or poverty, or walk, or silence disappeared......
Contact writer in 2006 in Shenyang peak begging event, Yao 15th anniversary of the death, people who think "poor scholar solid," the old saying, an old problem to be re-filed: literature should not be a poor career? In sharp comparison, the new century, all the rashness and impetuosity literature: Writers in business hot, "electric shock" hot, hot trend of adaptation under the huge system of rare masterpieces, some writers earn unconsciously pours, 10 million yuan worth emerging writers, literature is also facing the danger of becoming vulgar writer seems to have become closely linked with the fame career.
15 years behind Yao, who can not help make such a scenario: the original has a religious-like devotion to the literary attitude Yao if living in the moment, what will? Former "Chang" sub-page editor of the writer gives this answer: "If Yao alive, he must have to travel."
Yao style for poor, which adhere to or abandon? This problem started in Shaanxi writers circle loud call. A famous writer, Shaanxi Sheng Wenlian Vice Chen Yan believes that the current biggest problem faced by writers, the world's material goods, spiritual world of the writer's pursuit and interception, if self-standing instability, not only desire the immortal spirit, but also look ahead and behind to search the market of close combat, then the final is easy to work Gaode neither fish nor fowl.
Young writers turned to the city writing, Yao was younger generation depart from?
In Yao's creative perception, there had such a confession: "I work in the manuscript on the land with his father's work in essentially the same. Thus, this work is the extraordinary work and should not have any great feeling; this you write ordinary world, you are the ordinary world, a member of, not superior...... "
Yao's creation in the field of vision, there was a judge: "My unfortunate history of the formation of the rural problem is...... There is no doubt the vast backward countryside is a heavy burden into the future of."
Today, Lu Xun's literary line drawing recalls the then vice president of the old friends, not conceal regret: "I remember many years ago, Yao went with my two bare feet and the most prosperous areas in Xi'an - Bell Tower. go clock tower, Lu Yao's mood suddenly gone. he remembered the Northern people are suffering, emotions completely ruined. no matter what walk of the bustling city lots, Yao will not forget the suffering of ordinary people. "
Based on the local, deep love for farmers, Yao Gan with his final years of age, drilling coal, Rural, home shabby homes, writing out a heavy, reflecting the 1975-1985 decade, extensive changes in Chinese urban and rural long giant "system Ordinary World. " Yao's tombstone, affectionately inscribed two lines of golden characters - "like a cow, like labor, the same as the land dedication."
Yao 15 years behind, "beauty writers", "Body Writing", "very young writing Corps" and other commercial writing is repeated, has a reputation for plain writing style realism, Shaanxi, featuring a group of writers have begun to appear "face dating "self-reflection-type cries. Right now, after more 70,80 Shaanxi writers began to stay away from local, describe private, describe the city, making the watch has been concern for many people shouted Shaanxi literature disappointment: Is Liu Qing from the first generation to second generation of Lu Yao, Jia and Chen, Shaanxi writers explore the deep life experience, the vast literature pattern of Transcendence literary character, will soon come to an end?
In this regard, Shaanxi writer Li Xing believe that with the interest differentiation of social groups, people's values have also diversified, and the face of these in Chinese history is unprecedented phenomenon, Shaanxi Writers can not just keep working miserable life, was suffering. "Peasant way of life, way of life, is completely not the past that, and labor relations has changed, such as hiring a nanny is difficult, reflecting the rise in labor costs, which is the lowest level of globalization to the Chinese workers affected these, we writers can not but to see! "
In response, White Ye that now a large literature has not the same environment, many factors interfere with writers, the third generation has not experienced any particular writer Shaanxi representative writers, this is also the general problems of Chinese contemporary literature. "This is not a literary problem, but the question of the times."
Yao - family members
Linda
Yao Ming Ming Road
Linda, the wife of Lu Yao
Road Ming Ming
Road Ming Ming, Yao's daughter