| 字： | 世缵 | |||||||||||
| 网笔号： | 简文皇帝 | |||||||||||
| 庙号： | 太宗 | |||||||||||
| 陵墓： | 庄陵 | |||||||||||
阅读萧纲 Xiao Gang在诗海的作品!!! | ||||||||||||
萧纲萧纲最早封为晋安王，曾经担任过南徐州刺史，并且曾经参与北伐；531年萧统病故之后被封为皇太子。
548年侯景叛乱，攻陷台城后，梁武帝于549年忧愤而死，但是侯景认为目前仍然不能自立为皇帝，便拥立萧纲为皇帝，次年改元大宝。但是萧纲不过是侯景的傀儡。551年，侯景派人废萧纲为晋安王，改立豫章王萧栋为皇帝；萧纲被囚禁于永福省，萧纲被废后两个月，被侯景派人以棉被闷死，享年49岁。
萧纲本人文学造诣很高，雅好诗赋，咏物、宫体、闺怨之作在质量上皆远逾其父，其中五言诗最多，并且与徐陵、庾信等人形成宫体诗的流派。侯景兵围建康期间，曾经“募人出烧东宫，东宫台殿遂尽。所聚百橱图籍，一皆灰烬”。
梁代文学家。即南朝梁简文帝。字世缵。南兰陵（今江苏武进）人。梁武帝第三子。由于长兄萧统早死,他在中大通三年(531)被立为太子。太清三年(549)，侯景之乱，梁武帝被囚饿死,萧纲即位，大宝二年(551)为侯景所害。
自东晋南迁以来，汉族政权偏安江左，历代虽间或有奋发有为的君主，但大多数帝王贵族都安于逸乐，纵情声色。反映在文学创作上，便往往以浮艳的辞句来表现空虚放荡的内容。萧纲在蕃及做太子时期，写作了大量这类题材的诗。当时的属官徐□、庾肩吾等又推波助澜,文学侍从之臣竞相仿作,形成"宫体"诗的流派。今存萧纲作品中，象描写女性声容情态的《咏内人昼眠》、《咏舞》、《美人晨妆》等，都属于这一类。
当时文人创作,已有不少以边塞为主题的乐府诗,萧纲也有一些这类作品,如《从军行》、《陇西行》、《雁门太守行》、《度关山》等，在某些写作技巧上，开了唐人边塞诗的先河。他的咏物诗，写得也还轻巧，虽然轻细不足道，但这样的题材对后世也有一定影响。
萧纲的文学主张，在当时也具有代表意义。他既反对质直懦钝，又反对浮疏阐缓(《与湘东王书》)，正面提出"立身先须谨重，文章且须放荡"（《诫当阳公大心书》），和萧绎主张的"情灵摇荡"互为呼应。《南史·梁简文帝纪》记其有文集100卷，其他著作600余卷。存世的作品，经明代张溥辑为《梁简文集》，收入《汉魏六朝百三家集》。
精医，著有《沐浴经》三卷、《如意方》十卷，均佚。
一 齐梁时代，虽然整个社会更替迭代、动荡不宁，但是南朝偏安江左，有比北朝安定的社会环境，农业、手工业发展，经济繁荣带来了人口稠密的商业都市，在物质生活相对富足的基础上，南朝君臣日益荒淫腐朽，耽于酒色。帝王荒淫放荡的生活为宫体诗的产生提供了土壤和生活基础。同时，文笔说和声律论的产生，使文学和诗歌形式趋于独立，文学创作进入一个更为自觉更为解放的时期。诗人和诗歌作品大量产生。
二 至齐、梁之世，以皇室成员为中心的文学集团对文学尤其是诗歌发展的影响更是深刻。其中规模最大、影响最显著者，主要有三大文学集团：南齐竟陵王萧子良文学集团、梁代萧衍、萧统文学集团，萧纲文学集团。
三 处于梁代后期的萧纲文学集团的诗歌创作最为繁荣，其影响亦更深远。
四 萧纲四岁封晋安王，七岁为云麾将军，领石头戍军事，量置佐吏。此时是萧纲“有诗癖”之始。
（1）而其“诗癖”的养成及其后来“宫体”诗的形成，又与此时如幕的徐擒和张率有直接关系。
（2）徐擒为萧纲侍读，而他“属文好为新变，不拘旧体”。其新变之体，其实就是宫体诗。
（3）张率“年十二，能属文，常日限为诗一篇”，与陆、任昉等友善，曾得沈约赞赏。天监初，他曾经被敕“使抄乙部书，又使撰妇人事二十馀条，勒成百卷……以给后宫”。可见，他早就具备写作宫体诗的基本条件。而且其今存诗中不乏艳情的内容。他“在府十年，恩礼甚笃”，对于萧纲的影响也是可想而知的。
（4）萧纲11岁为宣惠将军、丹阳尹时，有庾肩吾等人入幕；18岁为南徐刺史时，又有王规等人入幕，从而使萧纲文学集团初具规模。
（5）从普通四年至中大通二年（523～530），萧纲在雍州刺死任上七年。此间其幕府中又有：
刘孝仪、刘孝威等人入幕。其文学集团已自然形成，并且诗歌创作也日渐繁荣。
（7） 至萧纲入主东宫后，文学才士更是济济一堂。（徐擒、张率、庾肩吾、王规、刘孝仪、刘孝威……）
五 为诗本自“伤于轻靡”的萧纲，入住东宫后，宫体诗的创作更逾往时。
（1）所谓宫体诗，就其内容而言，主要是以宫廷生活为描写对象，具体的题材不外乎咏物与描写女性。可以说，他们对女性的审美关照，同对器物的审美关照的心理是一样的。而在情调上，伤于轻艳，风格上比较柔靡缓慢。在描写女性的诗歌当中，绝大部分是将目光停留在女性上的生活圈内，包括她们的容貌、体态、服饰以及器物等方面。这类诗歌的共同艺术特点是：注重词藻、对偶、声律。
（2）宫体诗中有少数作品表现宫中淫荡的生活，如萧纲的《咏内人昼眠》、《和徐录事见内人卧》、《率而为咏》、《和湘东王名士悦倾城》。萧纲曾说：“立身之道与文章异；立身先须谨重，文章且须放荡。”（《诫当阳公大心书》）尽管人们对于“放荡”一词的理解不同，但是表现淫荡生活内容的作品在梁陈宫体诗中是存在的。
（3）咏物之作在宫体诗中占的比重相当大，这些诗的共同特点是内容贫乏，单纯咏物而毫无寄托，只讲究词藻与对偶。
（4）萧纲之外宫体诗的另一位代表人物徐擒，今存诗歌仅五首，其中四首皆为咏物诗，其情调与风格，与萧纲完全一致。其他宫体诗人的作品，大抵皆如此，不脱轻艳之风。这种风气一直影响到隋及初唐。
（5）然而就艺术形式而言，宫体诗仍有贡献。最突出的一点，就是宫体诗发展了吴哥西曲的艺术形式，并继承了永明体的艺术探索而更趋格律化。至于其语言的风华流丽、对的工稳精巧以及用典隶事等方面的艺术探索和积累，也同样为唐代诗人提供了足资借鉴的艺术经验。
六 齐梁时期文学集团的诗歌创作活动，方式大体一致。从现存诗歌来看，应制、应教、同题、共赋、相互唱和的作品居多，而且争胜斗艳的色彩较为浓重。由于生活范围和生活方式的限制，他们的视野大多停留在皇宫苑囿、帝王府第或藩镇使府之内，因而诗歌题材单调狭窄，内容脱离社会生活。为了迎合帝王的口味，文学集团内部的诗歌创作很少有真正的吟咏性情之作。因而这种创作方式带来的结果，便是审美趣味和艺术风格的大体一致，湮没了诗人的个性色彩。这也是那个时代难以产生大诗人的一个根本原因。
Jinan Xiao Gang labeled the first king, who served as South Xu prefectural governor, and had participated in the Northern Expedition; 531 Xiao Tong was given the title after the crown prince died.
548 Hou Jing insurgency, the capture of Taiwan, the city, the Emperor died in 549 Anger, but Hou Jing that can not stand still for the emperor, Xiao Gang will be crowned as the Emperor, the next year reign title Great Treasure. However, Hou Jing Xiao Gang is nothing but a puppet. 551, Hou Jing waste sent to Jinan Xiao Gang Wang, Xiao Dong Yu Zhangwang Stand, for the emperor; Xiao Gang was imprisoned in Vinh Phuc province, Xiao Gang was two months after the waste was sent to blanket suffocated Hou Jing the age of 49.
I have a very high literary attainments Xiao Gang, Ya good Poetry, Sing Palace, the woe of both for the quality far more than his father, in which the Cao up, and with Ling, Yu Gong, who form a body of poetry schools. Houjing Bing Wai Jian Kang, I had "raise people out of burning the Orient House, the Orient House station house then do. The Poly 100 cabinet sketches, an all ashes."
Liang writer. The Southern Emperor Jianwen. Word World Zuan. Southland Ling (now Jiangsu Wujin) people. The third son of Emperor. As the brother of Xiao Tong premature death, his three years in the Chase (531) was established as a crown prince. Taiqing three years (549), Hou Jing Rebellion, Emperor imprisoned hunger, Xiao Gang throne, Dabao years (551) for Hou Jing to do.
Since the south since the Eastern Jin, Han regime he sacrifice the long Esa, although sometimes there are ancient monarch and enthusiastic, but most of the monarchs and nobles are content with their pleasures, indulge sensual. Reflected in the literature, it would tend to float Yan of ways to represent empty the contents of debauchery. Xiao Gang Fan and do in Prince Edward period, writing a large number of these themes of poetry. At that time the case of an Xu □, Yu has fueled our shoulders, a minister of competing literary pastiche attendants, the formation of "palace" school of poetry. Xiao Gang this deposit works, sound like the description of female state show mercy "Ode to my wife daytime sleep," "Ode to Dance," "Beauty morning makeup," and so on, all belong to this category.
Literati of the time writing, there are many to frontier-themed verse poetry, Xiao Gang and some of these works, such as "Joining the Army," "Longxi line", "Yanmen prefect line", "degrees off Mountain" to a certain some writing skills, the opening of the Chinese Frontier precedent. His chanting poems, written there still light, although light small insignificant, but it's subject matter has some influence on later.
Xiao Gang's literary ideas, at that time with representatives of significance. He opposes the quality of direct cowardly blunt, but also against the float illustrates slow thinning ("and Xiang Dongwang book"), proposing a "conduct themselves first to move heavy articles and to loose" ("Great Commandment heart Dangyang Company") in and Xiao Yi advocated the "spirit of love sway" and interactive. "History of Southern Dynasties Emperor Jianwen Discipline" in mind he has a corpus of 100 volumes, 600 volumes of other writings. Surviving works, by Ming Zhang Pu series of "Collected Works Jane Leung," income "Han and Six Dynasties."
Precision Medical, author of "Body by" three volumes, "wishful side," XXX, are Lost.
Beam time together, although the iterative replacement of the entire society, uncertainty, but he sacrifice the long Esa Southern, Northern and stability than the social environment, agriculture, handicraft industry development, economic prosperity in the densely populated commercial city, a relatively affluent life in the material based on the increasingly dissolute and decadent Southern monarch and his subjects, indulge in wine and women. Imperial dissolute life of debauchery for the Palace Poetry provided a fertile ground and foundation of life. Meanwhile, the pen that produces sound legal theory, literature and poetry to become independent, creative writing into a more conscious during the more liberated. Produce a large number of poets and poetry.
Two to Qi, Liang of the world, with royalty as the center of the literary group on the development of literature, especially poetry is even more profound impact. One of the largest and most influential Notably, three main groups of literature: the South Jingling Wang Qi Xiao Ziliang Literary Group, Liang Liang Wu, Xiao Tong Literary Group, Xiao Gang Literary Group.
3 in the late Liang Xiao Gang Literature Poetry Group's most prosperous, its impact is more far-reaching.
Jinan Feng Xiao Gang 4-year-old king, old as the cloud colors general, lead stone garrison military, the amount set Zuoli. At this point is Xiao Gang, "a poem addiction" at the beginning.
(1) and its "poetry addiction" formed and later "palace," form of poetry, but also with time, such as screen capture and Zhang Xu rate directly.
(2) capture the Xiao Gang Shi Du Xu, and he "is a good text for the new change, informal old body." The new changes in the body, in fact, Court Poetry.
(3) Zhang rate "on 12, can be text, often limited to poetry one day", and Lu, Ren Fang and so friendly, and had obtained some appreciation Shen. The early days of prison, he had been Edict "to copy the letter B, but also to make things Ershi Yu woman essays Article Le ... ... with hundreds of volumes to the Temple." Can be seen, he would have with writing the basic conditions of Palace Style. Save this poem and its lack Erotic content. He was "ten years in the House, En Li, Anthony," Xiao Gang, the impact is imagined.
(4) 11-year-old Xiao Gang announced benefits for the general, Danyang Yin, there Yu shoulder our people into the screen; 18-year-old Xu provincial governor for the South when another king, who rules into the screen, so that Xiao Gang Literary Group beginning to take shape.
(5) years from the general to the Chase two years (523 ~ 530), Xiao Gang stabbed to death in Yongzhou seven years in office. Here the shogunate in there:
Liu Hsiao-meter, Liu Xiaowei, and others into the screen. The Literary Group has naturally formed, and poetry has become more prosperous.
(7) to Xiao Gang entered the Orient House, the literature only disability is to gather together. (Xu capture, Zhang rate, Yu Jianwu, Wang regulations, Liu NG, Liu Xiaowei ... ...)
Five Poems of the self "wounds in the light extravagant," Xiao Gang, the occupancy Orient House, the Palace is more than poetry to the time.
(1) the so-called Court Poetry, by its content, mainly for the description of court life object, nothing more than the specific subject of women chanting and description. We can say that they care for female aesthetic, aesthetic objects with care on the psychological is the same. In the mood, the injury in the light-yan, more flexible extravagant style slow. Women's poetry in describing them, the vast majority of women will look to stay on in the circle of life, including their looks, body, clothing and utensils so on. Such poetry is characterized by the common arts: pay attention to rhetoric, dual, rhythm.
(2) Palace a few works of poetry performance in the palace lustful life, such as Xiao Gang's "Ode to my wife daytime sleep," "and see my wife lying Xu Lu Shi", "rate for the Wing," "and Xiang Dong Wang Yue Allure celebrities. " Xiao Gang said: "The Road and the article sustains different; sustains the first to move heavy, articles and be loose." ("Commandment Dangyang public big heart") in despite the "loose" in the understanding of different, but the performance how life works lustful Liang Chen Gong body in the poem exists.
(3) for chanting the poem in the Palace accounts for a large proportion of these poems have in common is the content poor, simple chanting and no sustenance, just pay attention to rhetoric and Duality.
(4) outside the palace poems Xiao Gang, another representative of Xu capture, this deposit is only five poems, of which four are all chanting poems, their tone and style, and Xiao Gang in exactly the same. Palace of other poets, so probably are not off brilliant light wind. This trend has affected the Sui and early Tang Dynasty.
(5) However, the art form, the palace poems still contribute. The most striking point is the development of the NG Palace Poetry Kosit music art form, and the succession of body art to explore the Sun further Metrical. The flowing elegance of its language, elaborate on the stability of the work and do so with the Code of subordinate art exploration and accumulation of the Tang Dynasty poet also provides the art sufficient to draw on the experience.