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周武王之子。武王克商后在位4年卒，“天下闻武王崩而扳”，成王即位时年少，由周公姬旦摄政，引起管叔、蔡叔、霍叔等的不满，制造谣言说周公想谋篡王位，联合武庚发动叛乱，召公奭也怀疑起来，史称“三监之乱”。周公率兵东征，三年后平乱，管叔自杀，蔡叔被囚，夺商、卫、邶、鄘四国封地。周公摄政七年后，还政于成王，周公担心成王贪图安逸，写了一篇《无逸》。前1021年，周成王驾崩，享年35岁，太子姬钊即位，是为周康王。
后世以“成康之治”评价成王与其子康王的政绩，史称当时天下安宁，四十余年不用刑罚。
夏商周断代工程把成王在位时间定为前1042年至前1021年。
周公辅成王
周成王姬诵，是周武王的儿子，即位时13岁。由周公旦摄政。之中，平定武庚(商纣王的儿子）的叛乱，并大封诸侯。成王造东都洛邑。周武王建立了周王朝以后，过了四年就害病死了。他的儿子姬诵继承王位，这就是周成王。那时候，周成王才十三岁，再说，刚建立的周王朝还不大稳固。于是由武王的弟弟周公旦辅助成王掌管国家大事，实际上是代理天子的职权。历史上通常不称周公旦的名字，只叫他周公。
周公的封地在鲁国，因为他要留在京城处理政事，不能到封地去，等他的儿子伯禽长大了，就派伯禽代他到鲁国去做国君。
伯禽临走的时候，问他父亲有什么嘱咐。周公说：“我是周文王的儿子，周武王的弟弟，当今天子的叔叔，你说我的地位怎么样？”
伯禽说：“那自然是很高的了。”
周公说：“对呀！我的地位确实很高，但是我每次洗头发的时候，一碰到急事，就马上停止洗发，把头发握在手里去办事；每次吃饭的时候，听说有人求见，我就把来不及咽下的饭菜吐出来，去接见那些求见的人。我这样做，还怕天下的人才不肯到我这儿来呢。你到了鲁国，不过是个国君，可不能骄傲啊！”
伯禽连连点头，表示一定记住父亲的教导。
周公尽心尽意辅助成王，管理国事，可是他的弟弟管叔、蔡叔却在外面造谣，说周公有野心，想要篡夺王位啦！
纣王的儿子武庚虽然被封为殷侯，但是受到周朝的监视，觉得很不自由，巴不得周朝发生内乱，重新恢复他的殷商的王位，就和管叔、蔡叔串通一气，联络了一批殷商的旧贵族，还煽动东夷中几个部落，闹起叛乱来。
武庚和管叔等人制造的谣言，闹得镐京也沸沸扬扬，连召公奭听了也怀疑起来。成王年小不大懂事，更闹不清是真是假，对这位辅助他的叔父也有点信不过。
周公心里很难过，他首先向召公奭（与周公同父异母的弟弟）披肝沥胆地谈了一次话，告诉召公奭，他决没有野心，要他顾全大局，不要轻信谣言。召公奭被他这番诚恳的话感动，消除了误会，重新和周公合作。周公在安定了内部之后，毅然调动大军，亲自率领大军东征。
这时候，东方有几个部落像淮夷、徐戎等，都配合武庚，蠢蠢欲动。周公下命令给太公望，授权给他，各国诸侯，有不服周朝的，都由太公望征讨。这样，由太公望控制了东方，他自己全力对付武庚。
费了三年的工夫，周公终于平定了武庚的叛乱，把带头叛乱的武庚杀了。管叔一看武庚失败，自己觉得没有面目见他的哥哥和侄儿，上吊自杀了。周公平定了叛乱，把霍叔革了职，对蔡叔办了一个充军的罪。
在周公东征的过程中，一大批商朝的贵族成了俘虏。因为他们反抗周朝，所以叫他们是“顽民”。周公觉得让这批人留在原来的地方不大放心；同时，又觉得镐京在西边，要控制东部的广大中原地区很不方便，就在东面新建一座都城，叫做洛邑（今河南洛阳市），把殷朝的“顽民”都迁到那里，派兵监视他们。
打那以后，周朝就有了两座都城。西部是镐京，又叫宗周；东部是洛邑，又叫成周。
周公辅助成王执政了七年，总算把周王朝的统治巩固下来，他还制订了周朝一套典章制度。公元前1036年，周成王满二十岁的时候，周公把政权交给成王管理。
《史记》记载
成王少，周初定天下，周公恐诸侯畔周，公乃摄行政当国。管叔、蔡叔群弟疑周公，与武庚作乱，畔周。周公奉成王命，伐诛武庚、管叔，放蔡叔。以微子开代殷後，国於宋。□正义今宋州也。颇收殷馀民，以封武王少弟封为卫康叔。□正义尚书洛诰云：“我卜瀍水东，亦惟洛食，以居邶、鄘、卫之众。”又多士篇序云：“ 成周既成，迁殷顽民。”按：是为东周，古洛阳城也。括地志云：“洛阳故城在洛州洛阳县东北二十六里，周公所筑，即成周城也。舆地志云‘以周地在王城东，故曰东周。敬王避子朝乱，自洛邑东居此。以其迫厄不受王都，故坏翟泉而广之’。”按：武王灭殷国为邶、鄘、卫，三监尹之。武庚作乱，周公灭之，徙三监之民於成周，颇收其馀众，以封康叔为卫侯，即今卫州是也。孔安国云“以三监之馀民，国康叔为卫侯。周公惩其数叛，故使贤母弟主之”也。晋唐叔得嘉谷，◇集解郑玄曰：“二苗同为一穗。”献之成王，成王以归周公于兵所。◇集解徐广曰：“归，一作‘餽’。”周公受禾东土，鲁天子之命。◇集解徐广曰：“尚书序云‘旅天子之命’。”初，管、蔡畔周，周公讨之，三年而毕定，故初作大诰，次作微子之命，◇集解孔安国曰：“封命之书。”次归禾，次嘉禾，次康诰、酒诰、梓材，◇ 集解孔安国曰：“告康叔以为政之道，亦如梓人之治材也。”其事在周公之篇。周公行政七年，成王长，周公反政成王，北面就群臣之位。
成王在丰，使召公复营洛邑，如武王之意。周公复卜申视，卒营筑，居九鼎焉。曰：“此天下之中，四方入贡道里均。”作召诰、洛诰。成王既迁殷遗民，周公以王命告，作多士、无佚。召公为保，周公为师，东伐淮夷，残奄，◇集解郑玄曰：“奄国在淮夷之北。 ”□正义奄音於险反。括地志云：“泗徐城县北三十里古徐国，即淮夷也。兖州曲阜县奄里，即奄国之地也。”迁其君薄姑。◇集解马融曰：“齐地。”□正义括地志云：“薄姑故城在青州博昌县东北六十里。薄姑氏，殷诸侯，封於此，周灭之也。”成王自奄归，在宗周，□正义伐奄归镐京也。作多方。◇集解孔安国曰：“告众方天下诸侯。”既绌殷命，袭淮夷，归在丰，作周官。◇集解孔安国曰：“言周家设官分职用人之法。”古文尚书序，周官，书篇名。兴正礼乐，度制於是改，而民和睦，颂声兴。◇集解何休曰：“颂声者，太平歌颂之声，帝王之高致也。”成王既伐东夷，息慎来贺，王赐荣伯作贿息慎之命。◇集解孔安国曰：“贿，赐也。 ”马融曰：“荣伯，周同姓，畿内诸侯，为卿大夫也。”
成王将崩，惧太子钊之不任，□正义钊音招，又古尧反。任，而针反。乃命召公、毕公率诸侯以相太子而立之。成王既崩，二公率诸侯，以太子钊见於先王庙，申告以文王、武王之所以为王业之不易，务在节俭，毋多欲，以笃信临之，作顾命。◇集解郑玄曰：“临终出命，故谓之顾。顾，将去之意也。”太子钊遂立，是为康王。康王即位，遍告诸侯，宣告以文武之业以申之，作康诰。故成康之际，天下安宁，刑错四十馀年不用。◇集解应劭曰：“错，置也。民不犯法，无所置刑。”康王命作策毕公分居里，成周郊，◇集解孔安国曰：“分别民之居里，异其善恶也。成定东周郊境，使有保护也。”作毕命。
成康之治
从周成王到他的儿子周康王两代，前后约四十七年（前1042年—前896年），是周朝强盛和统一的时期，史家称“成康之际，天下安宁，刑错四十余年不用”，历史上叫做“成康之治”。其中在周成王在位年间，因成王年幼，主要是周公旦摄政，平定了管蔡之乱并实行封建制度，将周朝的统治扩及东方商朝人的统治旧地。
Gong Wang Fu Cheng
Bo Qin went away, asked him what his father asked. Duke said: "I am the son of King Wen of Zhou, King Wu's brother, the current emperor's uncle, how you like my position?"
Bo Qin nodded, saying that to remember his father's teachings.
Wu Geng and Guan Shu, who made the rumor, spin Gao Jing also uproar, even called the public hearing is also suspected shi up. Cheng Wang is not sensible in a small, but had no clear idea is true or false, on the aid of his uncle, but also a little letter.
It took three years of effort, the Duke of Zhou Wu Geng was finally put down the rebellion, to take the lead in rebellion Wugeng killed. Guan Shu Wu Geng of a failure to see that he saw no face to see his brother and nephew, hanged himself. Zhou Gongping set the rebellion, the Huo Shuge the post office of the Tsai Shu, a banished the crime.
Duke of Zhou Cheng Wang auxiliary power for seven years, managed to consolidate the rule of the Zhou Dynasty, Zhou Dynasty, he developed a set of laws and institutions. BC in 1036, King Cheng of Zhou over 2 years of age, Duke managed to hand over power to become king.
Cheng Wang few weeks, initially for the world, Duke fear princes River Week, the public administration when the country is a photo. Guan Shu and Cai Shu Kwan brothers doubt Duke of Zhou, and Wu Geng rebellion, bank weeks. Duke of Zhou Cheng Wang Ming Feng, cutting punish Wu Geng, Guan Shu, Shu Cai release. Opened on behalf of the micro sub-Yin, the State in Song. □ states also just this song. Yin other people have helped to seal labeled Wei Wu Wang Shaodi Kangshu. □ justice Shang Luo Patent saying: "I Pu Chan Shui-East, has provided Los food to home Yong, health of the public." Addition of persons preface says: "into the week things around, moved to Yin stubborn people." Note: for Eastern Zhou Dynasty, the ancient city of Luoyang, also. Including land Zhiyun: "Luoyang Luoyang County Old City in Luozhou Northeast 26, the Duke had built Serve week-cheng. Public opinion to Be My 'in weeks in the king east, twenty years before the Eastern Zhou Dynasty. Jing Wang to avoid sub- towards disorder, from home to this East Los Yap. Eritrea forced from their king, so by extension Quan Zhai bad '. "by: Wu Wang Mieyan States Yong, Wei Yin of the three supervisors. Wu Geng rebellion, destruction of Duke, migration, monitoring of the three people on into the week was quite the other congregation, to seal Kangshu as Wei Hou, term of the present health state is also. Kong Anguo cloud "to monitor the remaining three people, state Kangshu to Wei Hou. Duke punish the few rebels, so to master the Yin half brother" also. Tarkett TONG Shuk Jin Gu, ◇ Ji Jie Zheng Xuan said: "Two seedlings of the same ear." Offering of Cheng Wang, Cheng Wang to return the Duke on soldiers. ◇ Ji Jie Xu Guang said: "return to a for 'feed'." Gong subject Wo East soil, Lu Tianzi of life. ◇ Ji Jie Xu Guang said: "Book of Order cloud 'travel orders of the emperor'." First, management, Cai Crescent week to discuss the Duke three years while the complete set, it is early for big Patent, plays for micro of the child, ◇ Set Solution Kong Anguo said: "The Book of Life closed." sub-classified Wo, plays Golden Harvest, sub-Kang, wine Patent, Azusa material, ◇ Annals Kong Anguo said: "Notice to Kangshu that good administration, and as Zi-person rule material also. "being to the article in the Duke of Zhou. Duke administration for seven years, as the king long, the Duke of Zhou Cheng Wang anti-government, north of the ministers of the place.
Cheng Wang Feng, to call public business Luoyi complex, such as the meaning of King Wu. Duke, as the complex Pu Shen, Death Camp building, home Jiuding Yan. Said: "This world is among the quartet to pay tribute both hang on." As called Letters Patent, Luo Patent. As king, moved to Yin Dynasty, Duke told to Wang Ming, long on disability, not Lost. Call the public to protect the Duke as a teacher, East cutting Huaiyi, residual Um, ◇ Ji Jie Zheng Xuan said: "Um States Huaiyi the North." □ just suddenly sound in a dangerous counter. Including land Zhiyun: "Si Xu Xu Gu County north ten miles, or Huaiyi also. Yanzhou, Qufu County Um, the country is suddenly to have." Transfer Qijun Bo Gu. ◇ Annals Ma Rong said: "Qi." □ justice, including to Be My: "Bo Bo Chang Kou Old City in Qingzhou County, 60 in the Northeast. Bo Gu's, Yin princes seal this, the week off too." Cheng Wang from the Amami return, in Zongzhou, □ cutting suddenly just go Gao Jing also. For multi-party. ◇ Annals Kong Anguo said: "Notice to the public square world princes." Yin life not only tight, hit Huaiyi, go in abundance, for weeks, officials. ◇ Annals Kong Anguo said: "Words Ka-set level personnel official points of law." The Ancient Book of Order, Zhou official, written English Version. Hing is music, degree system was changed, and the people live, Chung Sheng Xing. ◇ Annals He closed saying: "Song Sheng who praises Voice of Peace, King of high induced also." Cutting into the king, Dong Yi, Shen interest to HE, Wong Chi Wing Bo Shen rate for bribes in life. ◇ Annals Kong Anguo said: "bribes, giving too." Ma Rong said: "Bo Rong, Zhou surname, Guinea princes, for Bureaucrats also."
From week to his son King Cheng King Kang of Zhou Dynasty, about forty years before and after (before 1042 - 896 years ago), is Zhouchao Jiang Sheng and unification period, historians said, "as the occasion of health, world peace, criminal wrong 40 years instead of "history called" into the health of the government. " Which in the reign of King Cheng of Zhou, the result into the young king, mainly Zhougongdan regent, put down the rebellion and implement management Cai feudal system, the rule will be extended to Eastern Zhou Dynasty Shang Dynasty's rule in the old way.