| xìng： | jī | |||||||||
| míng： | chāng | |||||||||
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shì hào：（ zhōu） wén wáng
shòu mìng： 97 suì
suǒ shǔ nián dài： shāng dài
chū shēng nián yuè： qián 1152 nián nóng lì jiǔ yuè shí wǔ rì
qù shì nián yuè： qián 1056 nián
zài wèi： 50 nián（ yuē qián 1105 nián héng yuē qián 1056 nián zài wèi）
xiāng guān shì jiàn： wén wáng yǒu lǐ yǎn zhōu yì， wǔ wáng fá zhòu
xiāng guān rén wù： zhōu wǔ wáng， shāng zhòu wáng
huáng dì xuān yuán shì héng héng shàohào jīn tiān shì héng héng jiǎo jí héng héng dì kù gāo xīn shì héng héng hòu jì（ zhōu shǐ zǔ， xī bó） héng héng bù zhú héng héng jū héng héng gōng liú héng héng qìng jié héng héng huáng pú héng héng chā fú héng héng huǐ yú（ huǐ yú） héng héng gōng fēi（ gōng mǎo） héng héng gāo yǔ héng héng yà yǔ héng héng gōng shū zǔ lèi héng héng zhōu tài wáng gǔ gōng dàn fù héng héng jì lì héng héng
wǔ zé tiān gǎi guó hào zhōu shí， zì chēng wǔ jiā wéi jī chāng hòu dài， zhuī zūn
shì jì
zhōng guó shāng dài mò nián xī fāng zhū hóu zhī cháng。 jī xìng， míng chāng。 zhōu tài wáng zhī sūn， jì lì zhī zǐ。 shāng zhòu shí wéi xī bó， jí xī bù zhū hóu（ fāng guó） zhī cháng。 yì chēng xī bó chāng。 xiāng chuán xī bó zài wèi wǔ shí nián， yǐ wéi jiǎn shāng dà yè zuò hǎo chōng fēn zhǔn bèi， dàn wèi jí chū shī biàn xiān qī sǐ qù。 zhōu rén shì xī bó wéi wén wáng。 qí cì zǐ jī fā jì wèi， shì wéi zhōu wǔ wáng。
jì lì sǐ hòu， qí zǐ jī chāng jì wèi， tā jiù shì rì hòu zhù míng de
shāng zhòu shí wéi xī bó， jiàn guó yú qí shān zhī xià， jī shàn xíng rén， zhèng huà dà xíng， yīn chóng hóu hǔ xiàng zhòu wáng jìn chán yán， ér bèi qiú yú yǒu lǐ， hòu dé shì guī。 yì xíng rén zhèng， tiān xià zhū hóu duō guī cóng， zǐ wǔ wáng yòu tiān xià hòu， zhuī zūn wéi
wǔ zé tiān gǎi táng guó hào wéi zhōu shí， zhuī zūn
《 shǐ jì · zhōu běn jì》 shuō tā néng jì chéng hòu jì、 gōng liú kāi chuàng de shì yè， fǎng xiào zǔ fù gǔ gōng zhí fù hé fù qīn jì lì zhì dìng de fǎ dù， shí xíng rén zhèng， jìng lǎo 'ài yòu， lǐ xián xià tǔ， zhì lǐ qí shān xià de zhōu zú gēn jù dì。 zài zhì qí qī jiān， duì nèi fèng xíng dé zhì， tí chàng“ huái bǎo xiǎo mín”， dà lì fā zhǎn nóng yè shēng chǎn， cǎi yòng“ jiǔ yī 'ér zhù” de zhèng cè， jí huàfēn tián dì， ràng nóng mín zhù gēng gōng tián， nà jiǔ fēn zhī yī de shuì。 shāng rén wǎng lái bù shōu guān shuì， yòu rén fàn zuì qī zǐ bù lián zuò děng， shí xíng zhe fēng jiàn zhì dù chū qī de zhèng zhì， jí yù mín zhèng zhì， jiù shì zhēng shōu zū shuì yòu jié zhì， ràng nóng mín yòu suǒ jī xù， yǐ cì jī láo dòng xīng qù。 duì wài zhāo xián nà shì， xǔ duō wài bù luò de rén cái yǐ jí cóng shāng zhòu wáng cháo lái tóubèn de xián shì， tā dū yǐ lǐ xiāng dài， yú yǐ rèn yòng。 rú bó yí、 shū qí、 tài diān、 hóng yāo、 sàn yí shēng、 yù xióng、 xīn jiá děng rén， dū xiān hòu guī fù zài jī chāng bù xià chēng chén。 jī chāng zì jǐ shēng huó qín jiǎn， chuān pǔ tōng rén yī fú， hái dào tián jiān láo dòng， jīng jīng yè yè zhì lǐ zì jǐ de guó jiā。 qí zhōu zài tā de zhì lǐ xià， guó lì rì jiàn qiáng dà。
xī zhōu guó lì zēng qiáng zhuàng dà， yǐn qǐ shāng wáng cháo de bù 'ān。 shāng zhòu wáng de qīn xìn chán chén chóng hóu hǔ， àn zhōng xiàng zhòu wáng jìn yán shuō， xī bó hóu dào chù xíng shàn， shù lì zì jǐ de wēi xìn， zhū hóu dū xiàng wǎng tā， kǒng pà bù lì yú shāng wáng。 zhòu wáng yú shì jiāng jī chāng jū yú yǒu lǐ（ jīn hé nán tānɡ yīn xiàn）。 tā zài qiú jìn zhōng， jīng xīn zhì lì“ yǎn yì zhī liù shí sì guà， gè wéi tuàn。” zhōu chén hóng yāo děng rén wéi yíng jiù wén wáng chū yù， sōu qiú měi nǚ、 bǎo mǎ、 zhū yù xiàn gěi zhòu wáng。 zhòu wáng jiàn liǎo dà xǐ：“ jǐn cǐ yī wù（ zhǐ měi nǚ） jiù zú gòu liǎo， hé kuàng bǎo wù rú zhī duō！” yú shì xià lìng shè miǎn wén wáng chū yù。 bìng shǎng gěi tā gōng、 shǐ、 fǔ、 yuè， shòu quán tā tǎo fá bù tīng mìng de zhū hóu。 zhè jiù shì shǐ shū zhōng shuō de wén wáng“ yǒu lǐ zhī 'è”。
wén wáng chū yù hòu xià jué xīn miè shāng。 yī miàn xiàng zhòu wáng xiàn dì， qǐng qiú miǎn chú kù xíng， qǔ dé xìn rèn， yī miàn fǎng xián rèn néng， zhuàng dà guó lì。 tā chū liè zài wèi shuǐ hé biān qiǎo yù nián yǐ chuí lǎo、 huái cái bù yù de jiāng shàng zài shuǐ biān diào yú。 wén wáng tóng tā tán huà， xiāng hù tán dé hěn tóu jī， wén wáng liǎo jiě jiāng shàng què yòu zhēn cái， biàn ràng jiāng shàng yǔ tā tóng chē 'ér guī， lì yǐ wéi shī， gòng tóng chóuhuà miè shāng cè lüè。 jù《 shàng shū dà chuán》 shuō wén wáng zài wèi de zuì hòu qī nián zhōng gān liǎo liù jiàn dà shì。 tóu yī nián tiáojiě yú ruì liǎng guó jiū fēn。 yú（ shān xī píng lù xiàn） ruì（ shān xī ruì chéng） dōushì shāng wáng cháo xī fāng shǔ guó； kě shì tā men bù zhǎo shāng wáng cái jué， dū mù
jiù zài zhè dà gōng jí jiāng chuí chéng zhī jì， jī chāng bù xìng sǐ qù。《 shàng shū · wú yì》 hé《 lǚ shì chūn qiū · zhì lè》 dōushuō tā xiǎng guó 50 nián， chēng wáng qián lì guó 43 nián。 sǐ hòu zàng yú bì（ zhǐ shǎn xī cháng 'ān xiàn yǔ xián yáng zhī jiān wèi shuǐ nán běi 'àn， jìng yù jiào guǎng）。
liù shí sì guà
xiāng chuán zài shàng gǔ shí， fú xī shì chuàng zào liǎo xiān tiān yì（ yě jiào xiān tiān bā guà）， shén nóng shì chuàng zào chéng liǎo lián shān yì（ yě jiào lián shān bā guà）， xuān yuán shì chuàng zào liǎo guī cáng yì（ yě jiào guī cáng bā guà）。 zài tā men de tóng shí hé yǐ qián， hái yòu shuí chuàng zào chéng liǎo shénme yì， wǒ men bù dé 'ér zhī。 shuō qǐ lái， yǐ shàng cóng fú xī dào shén nóng dào xuān yuán , jiù shì yī zhǒng wén huà de chéng chuán。 xiàn zài wū jiào、 fó jiào、 dào jiào de jiào yì zhōng， shèn zhì zài mín jiān， hái yí cún yòu xiān tiān yì、 lián shān yì、 guī cáng yì、 zhōu yì zhōng de yī xiē hěn shén qí de mì chuán， dàn shì yě méi yòu zhè yī fāng miàn de zhuān rén qù sōu jí zhěng lǐ。
zhǐ yòu zài zhōu cháo shí de wén wáng bā guà， yīn wéi dàn shēng chū liǎo zhōu gōng hé kǒng zǐ liǎng gè wěi dà de rén wù , jīng guò tā men de xué xí， tuī lùn jiě dú， cái liú chuán liǎo xià lái。 suǒ wèi guà xiàng， bìng wú jí xiōng zhī fēn， shì fēn xī shuō míng rén zài shùn jìng， nì jìng zhī zhōng de zhèng què tài dù hé xíng wéi zhǔn zé yǔ chù shì fāng fǎ， jīng guò lì dài wén rén xué zhě yǔ tǒng zhì jiē céng de chuán chéng， wén wáng《 zhōu yì》 chéng liǎo zhōng guó de shèng jīng， zhū zǐ bǎi jiā zhī yuán， nǎi zhì dào rén men de rì cháng shēng huó dū yǔ zhī yòu zhe mìqiè de lián xì。
liǎng liǎngchóng fù pái liè wéi liù shí sì guà。 guà míng shì：
qián ﹑ kūn﹑ tún﹑ méng﹑ xū﹑ sòng﹑ shī﹑ bǐ、
xiǎo chù﹑ lǚ﹑ tài﹑ fǒu﹑ tóng rén﹑ dà yòu﹑ qiān﹑ yù﹑
suí﹑ gǔ﹑ lín﹑ guān﹑ shì kè﹑ bēn﹑ bō﹑ fù﹑
wú wàng﹑ dà chù﹑ yí﹑ dà guò﹑ kǎn﹑ lí﹑ xián﹑ héng﹑
dùn﹑ dà zhuàng﹑ jìn﹑ míng yí﹑ jiā rén﹑ kuí﹑ jiǎn﹑ jiě﹑
sǔn﹑ yì﹑ guài﹑ gòu﹑ cuì﹑ shēng﹑ kùn﹑ jǐng﹑
gé、 dǐng﹑ zhèn﹑ gèn﹑ jiàn、 guī mèi﹑ fēng、 lǚ﹑
xùn﹑ duì、 huàn﹑ jié﹑ zhōng fú﹑ xiǎo guò﹑ jì jì﹑ wèi jì。
qián wéi tiān、 kūn wéi dì、 shuǐ léi tún、 shān shuǐ méng、 shuǐ tiān xū、 tiān shuǐ sòng、 dì shuǐ shī、 shuǐ dì bǐ、
fēng tiān xiǎo chù、 tiān zé lǚ、 dì tiān tài、 tiān dì fǒu、 tiān huǒ tóng rén、 huǒ tiān dà yòu、 dì shān qiān、 léi dì yù、
zé léi suí、 shān fēng gǔ、 dì zé lín、 fēng dì guān、 huǒ léi shì kè、 shān huǒ bēn、 shān dì bō、 dì léi fù、
tiān léi jì wàng、 shān tiān dà chù、 shān léi yí、 zé fēng dà guò、 kǎn wéi shuǐ、 lí wéi huǒ、 zé shān xián、 léi fēng héng、
tiān shān dùn、 léi tiān dà zhuàng、 huǒ dì jìn、 dì huǒ míng yí、、 fēng huǒ jiā rén、 huǒ zé kuí、 shuǐ shān jiǎn、 léi shuǐ jiě、
shān zé sǔn、 fēng léi yì、 zé tiān guài、 tiān fēng gòu、 zé dì cuì、 dì fēng shēng、 zé shuǐ kùn、 shuǐ fēng jǐng、
zé huǒ gé、 huǒ fēng dǐng、 zhèn wéi léi、 gèn wéi shān、 fēng shān jiàn、 léi zé guī mèi、 léi huǒ fēng、 huǒ shān lǚ、
xùn wéi fēng、 duì wéi zé、 fēng shuǐ huàn、 shuǐ zé jié、 fēng zé zhōng fú、 léi shān xiǎo guò、 shuǐ huǒ jì jì、 huǒ shuǐ wèi jì
shāng wáng dì xīn shí qī ( yuē gōng yuán qián 11 shì jì )， zài zhōu miè shāng zhī zhàn zhōng， zhōu jūn jìn gōng quǎn róng ( jīn shǎn xī wǔ gōng dōng、 xīng píng běi， yī shuō zài jīn shǎn xī fèng xiáng yī dài ) de zuò zhàn。
wén wáng shí zhōu rén tǒng zhì zhōng xīn zài xié qí yī dài， yǔ xī róng pí lín。 quǎn róng shì qí zhōng qiáng dà de yī zhī。 wǔ dīng shí quǎn fāng shì shāng zhī shǔ guó， cháng cānyù gōng dǎ pàn shāng fāng guó de zhàn zhēng。 quǎn hóu céng shòu mìng xié tóng shāng rén de duō zǐ zú wǔ zhuāng gōng lüè zhōu fāng。 wén wáng wéi jiě chú dōng gōng shāng de hòu gù zhī yōu， pài zhōu guó jūn duì jìn gōng quǎn róng， zhōng yú qǔ dé shèng lì。
zhōu wáng cháo ( gōng yuán qián 1046- qián 256）
xī zhōu de xīng qǐ， fā zhǎn jí xīng wáng： xī zhōu（ gōng yuán qián 1046- gōng yuán qián 771 nián） cóng wǔ wáng miè shāng jiàn guó， dào yōu wáng wáng guó， gòng lì sān bǎi duō nián， shì zhōng huá dì guó de yī gè zhòng yào shí qī， yě shì zhōng huá gǔ diǎn wén míng de quán shèng shí qī， tā de wù zhì， jīng shén wén míng duì hòu shì lì shǐ de fā zhǎn yòu hěn shēn de yǐng xiǎng。
xiān zhōu shì huó dòng yǔ zhōng yuán xī bù huáng tǔ gāo yuán de yī gè gǔ lǎo bù luò。 zhōu rén de shǐ zǔ chuán shuō shì 「 dì kù（ yīn「 kù 」 kuˋ」 yuán fēi「 jiāng yuán」 de 'ér zǐ「 qì」。「 qì」 zài「 dì shùn」 shí dān rèn nóng shī， hào chēng「 hòu jì」， jiào mín gēng jià yòu gōng， fēn fēng yú tái。 shāng cháo chū nián， tā de hòu dài「 gōng liú」 shuài zú rén qiān dào cí。 dào gǔ gōng「 dàn fù」 shí， yòu qiān dào qí shān nán biān de zhōu yuán（ jīn shǎn xī qí shān xiàn） dìng jū xià lái， zhú jiàn fā zhǎn chéng yī gè xīn xīng de xī bù shì lì， zì chēng wéi「 zhōu」。「 gǔ gōng」 de yòu zǐ「 jì lì」 jì wèi hòu， xiū xíng dào yì， fā zhǎn shēng chǎn， qū zhú yí dí， lì liàng gèng wéi qiáng dà， yǔ shāng fā shēng máo dùn。 shāng wáng「 wén dīng」 pài rén jiāng jì lì shā sǐ，「 jì lì」 de 'ér zǐ「 chāng」 jì wèi。 chāng hào chēng」 xī bó」， rén cí 'ài mín， lǐ xián xià shì， tiān xià shì réndōu lái tóubèn。 zhōu de fā zhǎn， shǐ shāng zhòu gǎn dào wēi xié， yú shì jiāng xī bó chāng qiú jìn yú yǒu lǐ qī nián。
zhōu rén yǐ zhēn bǎo hé měi nǚ jiāng xī bó shú chū， cǐ hòu， zài lǚ shàng de fǔ zuǒ xià， xī bó chāng biǎo miàn shàng dān yú yóu lè， duì「 yīn zhòu」 shí fēn xùn fú， shí jì shàng què gèng wéi jī shàn xiū dé， hé yuè bǎi xìng， dà lì fā zhǎn shēng chǎn， shǐ gèng duō de zhū hóu qián lái guī fù， jìn 'ér zhēng tǎo bù xùn fú de zhū hóu hé shāng de méng guó， zhōng yú sān fēn tiān xià yòu qí 'èr， chéng wéi suǒ wèi de shòu mìng zhī zhù， ér zì chēng wáng， jí
wǔ wáng jiàn zhōu hòu， dà fēng gōng chén móu shì， rú jiāng「 lǚ shàng」 fēng yú「 qí」，「 zhōu gōng dàn」 fēng yú「 lǔ」，「 zhào gōng shì」 fēng yú「 yàn」， shū「 xiān」 fēng yú「 guǎn」， shū「 dù」 fēng yú「 cài」。 jù shuō， zhōu chū zǒng jì fēn fēng liǎo qī shí yī gè zhū hóu guó， qí zhōng xiōng dì zhī guó shí wǔ， tóng xìng zhī guó sì shí。 fēng bāng jiàn guó de mùdì， shì jiā qiáng duì gè dì de tǒng zhì， bìng zuò wéi zhōu wáng shì de píng fān。 zhū hóu zài zài zì jǐ de fēng dì lǐ fēn fēng qīng dà fū， qīng dà fū yòu zài zì jǐ de fēng dì lǐ fēn fēng shì， zhè yàng zì shàng 'ér xià tǒng zhì rén mín。 wǔ wáng sǐ hòu， qí zǐ「 sòng」 jì wèi， wéi「 chéng wáng」。 chéng wáng niánshào， tiān xià chū dìng，「 zhōu gōng dàn」 kǒng pà zhū hóu bù fú， yǐ wáng shū shè zhèng。「 guǎn shū」、「 cài shū」 bù fú， yǔ yīn zhòu zhī zǐ「 wǔ gēng」， dài lǐng huái yí， fā dòng pàn luàn。
zhōu gōng yì rán shuài bīng dōng zhēng， píng dìng liǎo pàn luàn， zhū shā liǎo wǔ gēng hé guǎn shū， fàng zhú liǎo cài shū， shōu fú liǎo yīn de yú mín。 wèile jiā qiáng duì dōng fāng de tǒng zhì， zhōu gōng fèng chéng wáng zhī mìng fù zé yíng jiàn「 luò yì」 de gōng zuò。 luò yì jiàn chéng hòu， chéng wáng qīn zì lái dào luò yì wáng chéng， dà huì tiān xià zhū hóu hé sì yí jūn cháng， bìng jiāng gēn suí wǔ gēng pàn luàn de yīn yí mín qiān jìn「 chéng zhōu」， yǐ biàn kòng zhì。 zhōu gōng hái zhì lǐ zuò lè， jiàn lì liǎo zhōu cháo de gè xiàng diǎn zhāng zhì dù， què lì liǎo yǐ zōng fǎ zhì dù wéi zhōng xīn de zhèng zhì tǐ zhì。 chéng wáng céng qīn zì tǎo fá dōng yí， shǐ dōng bù dé yǐ 'ān dìng。 chéng wáng sǐ hòu， jì wèi de kāng wáng jì chéng xiān wáng de shì yè， qín yú zhèng shì， píng yì jìn mín， xíng fá jǐ shí nián bù yòng， shè huì gèng jiā 'ān dìng。
wǔ、 chéng、 kāng sān dài， zhèng zhì qīng míng， shì zhōu de huáng jīn shí dài。 dàn dào dì sì dài tiān zǐ「 zhāo wáng」 shí， jiù chū xiàn liǎo wēi jī。 dāng shí， wáng dào wēi quē，「 zhōu zhāo wáng」 guì wéi tiān zǐ， nán xún hàn shuǐ shí， què bèi chuán fū yòng tè zhì de jiāo chuán 'àn suàn， zàng shēn yú yú fù zhī zhōng。「 zhōu mù wáng」 jì wèi hòu， wèile huī fù zhōu wáng cháo de wēi wàng， xīn shè tài pú yī zhí， zuò wéi tài yù zhòng pú zhī cháng， yǐ jiā qiáng wáng cháo de zhōng shū guǎn lǐ。 tā zhì dìng xíng lǜ， jiǎn qīng xíng fá， yǐ jiā qiáng duì chén mín de kòng zhì， shī shàn zhèng yú tiān xià。 tā xī zhēng quǎn róng， nán shè yí rén， duì biān yuǎn mín zú de qīn rǎo jìn xíng jī jí de fáng yù， zhì zhǐ liǎo lüè duó。 mù wáng yòu céng dōng píng「 xú yǎn wáng」 suǒ shuài xú yí zhū bù de fǎn pàn， nán tǎo「 chǔ guó」， dà huì zhū hóu yú「 tú shān」。
「 mù wáng」 yǐ hòu， zhōu cháo zhú jiàn shuāi wēi，「 gòng wáng」、「 yì wáng」、「 xiào wáng」、「 yí wáng」 sì dài， yóu yú zhōu wéi róng xiá de bù duàn qīn rǎo， wáng cháo xiàn rù cháng qī de zhàn zhēng zhī zhōng， guó lì xiāo hào hěn dà， bù dé bù jiā zhòng duì mín zhòng de bō xuē， guó nèi máo dùn rì yì jiān ruì。 yòu de guì zú yě kāi shǐ pò chǎn， ér biǎo xiàn chū duì xiàn shí de fèn mèn。
cháng qī de máo dùn zhú jiàn jī lěi， shǐ wáng cháo chǎn shēng liǎo shēn kè de wēi jī。 zài zhè zhǒng qíng kuàng xià jì wèi de「 zhōu lì wáng」， bù jǐn bù cǎi qǔ 'ān fǔ mín zhòng、 fā zhǎn mín shēng de cuò shī， fǎn 'ér rèn yòng nìng chén， dà sì huī huò， lián nián duì wài zhēng zhàn， biàn běn jiā lì dì bō duó， lǒng duàn shān zé zhī lì， yǐn qǐ mín zhòng de bù mǎn hé yì lùn。 tā jiù pài wū shī jiān shì， shā sǐ yì lùn de rén， shǐ máo dùn gèng wéi jiān ruì。 sān nián yǐ hòu， fèn nù de gǎo jīng jū mín zhōng yú fā qǐ bào dòng， jiāng「 lì wáng」 liú fàng dào「 zhì（ yīn「 zhì」 zhiˋ」， yóu「 zhōu gōng」 hé「 zhào gōng」 gòng tóng zhí zhǎng zhèng quán， lì shǐ shàng chēng wéi「 zhōu zhào gòng hé」。 gòng hé yuán nián jí gōng yuán qián 841 nián， zhōng guó lì shǐ cóng zhè yī nián kāi shǐ yòu liǎo míng què 'ér qiě lián xù bù duàn de jì nián。「 zhōu lì wáng」 sǐ hòu， tā de 'ér zǐ「 xuān wáng」 zhěng dùn cháo zhèng， céng jīng shǐ zhōu wáng cháo yòu suǒ fù xīng。 dàn dào dì shí 'èr dài tiān zǐ zhōu yōu wáng shí， wáng cháo de wēi jī gèng wéi yán zhòng。 guān zhōng dì qū fā shēng dì zhèn、 shān bēng hé hé shuǐ kū jié děng yán zhòng zì rán zāi hài， zhōu yōu wáng bù jǐn bù fǔ xù zāi mín， fǎn 'ér gèng jiā shē chǐ fǔ huà， tān dé wú yàn。 wèile bó dé chǒng fēi「 bāo sì」 yī xiào， yōu wáng jǔ fēng huǒ qī piàn zhū hóu qián lái qín wáng。 zuì yán zhòng de wèn tí shì， yōu wáng jué dìng fèi qù wáng hòu shēn shì， shā diào tài zǐ「 yí jiù」， lìng lì「 bāo sì」 wéi wáng hòu， lì bāo sì de 'ér zǐ「 bó fú」 wéi tài zǐ。「 shēn」 hòu de fù qīn shēn hóu yú shì lián hé xī fāng bù zú quǎn róng， jǔ bīng gōng dǎ zhōu yōu wáng， zài lí shān xià shā sǐ yōu wáng， jù zǒu bāo sì。 yōu wáng de 'ér zǐ「 yí jiù」 jí wèi shí， guān zhōng zāo shòu bīng huǒ xǐ jié， cán pò bù kān， quǎn róng yòu bù shí qián lái sāo rǎo。「 zhōu píng wáng」 yí jiù zhǐ dé jiāng dū chéng qiān dào luò yì， shǐ chēng「 píng wáng dōng qiān」， dōng zhōu kāi shǐ。
zhōu wáng cháo dì xì biǎo
xī zhōu cháo
wén wáng -> wǔ wáng -> chéng wáng -> kāng wáng -> zhāo wáng -> mù wáng -> gòng wáng -> yì wáng -> xiào wáng -> yí wáng -> lì wáng -> gòng hé xíng zhèng -> xuān wáng -> yōu wáng
dōng zhōu cháo
píng wáng yí jiù -> huán wáng lín -> zhuāng wáng tuó -> lí wáng hú qí -> huì wáng làng -> xiāng wáng zhèng -> qǐng wáng rén chén -> kuāng wáng bān -> dìng wáng yú -> jiǎn wáng yí -> líng wáng xiè xīn -> jǐng wáng guì -> dào wáng měng -> jìng wáng gài -> yuán wáng rén -> zhēn dìng wáng jiè -> āi wáng qù jí -> sī wáng shū -> xiào wáng wéi -> wēi liè wáng wǔ -> ān wáng jiāo -> liè wáng xǐ -> xiǎn wáng biǎn -> shèn jìng wáng dìng -> nǎn wáng yán
gōng chén míng jiāng
jiāng shàng， zhōu gōng dàn， zhào gōng shì
zhèng zhì zhì dù
xī zhōu de guān zhì， gèng wéi fán zá。 zhōu wáng zuǒ yòu de fǔ zuǒ wéi tài shī、 tài fù、 tài bǎo， hé chēng sān gōng。 sān gōng zhī xià yòu sān shì guān（ zhèng wù guān、 shì wù guān hé dì fāng guān）、 sì fāng（ zhū hóu hé fāng guó、 bù zú） hé qīng shì liáo。 wáng cháo guān yuán wéi： zǒng lǎn cháo zhèng de tài zǎi、 zhǎng jì cí lǐ yí de tài zōng、 zhǎng lì fǎ jì shì de tài shǐ、 zhǎng qí dǎo de tài zhù、 zhǎng shén shì de rén gōng、 zhǎng zhàn bǔ de rén bǔ， hé chēng liù qīng， liù qīng de liáo shǔ， zǒng chēng wéi qīng shì liáo。 wáng cháo hái yòu zhǎng tǔ dì hé nóng rén de sī tú、 zhǎng bǎi gōng zhí shì de sī kōng、 zhǎng jūn fù jūn zhèng de sī mǎ、 zhǎng bǎn jí jué lù de sī shì、 zhǎng xíng fá de sī kòu， hé chēng wǔ guān。 wéi wáng shì fú wù de nèi tíng shì wù guān， yòu sān gōng zhī zuǒ de sān shǎo（ shàoshī、 shàofù、 shàobǎo）， yòu dào、 fǔ、 bì、 chéng sì fǔ， yòu shàn fū、 zhuì yī、 xiǎo chén、 sì rén、 nèi shù、 hūn zhě、 mén yǐn、 sī wáng yòu、 huǒ shī、 shuǐ shī、 dà qiú、 tài pú、 yù、 yòu、 cuì chē、 qù mǎ、 shī shì、 hǔ zī、 yú rén、 yī、 yì rén、 lì rén、 tài zǐ gōng yǐn děng。 zài wáng jī wài fú de fēng guó， chēng wéi sì fāng， bāo kuò hóu、 diàn、 nán děng zhū hóu。 wáng cháo yòu shí pài shǐ chén dào zhū hóu guó rèn jiān guó。 zhū hóu zài zì jǐ de fēng guó nèi fǎng zhào wáng shì shè zhì bǎi guān yòu sī， chéng wéi xiāng duì dú lì de zhèng quán， zhù yào yòu sān shì guān， jí sī tú、 sī mǎ、 sī kōng， fēn zhǎng zhèng wù、 sī fǎ hé mín shì。 zhōu de gè jí zhù yào guān lì， dōushì zài zōng fǎ zhì dù jī chǔ shàng shì xí， ér qiě wén wǔ bù fēn， píng shí zhì mín， zhàn shí jiù shì gè jí jiànglǐng。 zhōu cháo de dì fāng zhì dù， yòu guó、 dū、 yì、 yě、 bǐ。 zhōu wáng hé zhū hóu dedōu chéng wèiguó， zhū hóu guó zhōng de dà chéng wéi dū， xiǎo chéng wéi yì， cǐ wài de dì fāng chēng wéi yě huò bǐ。
jīng jì wén huà
xī zhōu shí， fēng lì de qīng tóng nóng jù dé dào jiào pǔ biàn de shǐ yòng， jìn xíng liǎo guī mó jiào dà de kěn zhí hé gēng yún； yuán lái de pāo huāng zhì bèi xiū gēng zhì dài tì， tǔ dì lì yòng shuài tí gāo； òu zhì hé shī yòng lǜ féi， yǐ huǒ shāo fǎ fáng zhì bìng chóng hài， biāo zhì liǎo tián jiān guǎn lǐ de xīn shuǐ píng。 wáng cháo zhōng dān rèn sī jià de guān yuán bì xū shú xī zuò wù de bù tóng pǐn zhǒng jí qí shì yìng dì qū， cóng 'ér gèng hǎo dì zhǐ dǎo nóng yè shēng chǎn。 nóng zuò wù pǐn zhǒng zēng jiā， gǔ lèi yòu shǔ、 jì、 sù、 hé、 gǔ、 liáng、 mài、 dào děng， dòu lèi yòu shū， rèn shū、 huò děng， má lèi yòu má、 jū、 zhù děng。 wáng cháo tè shè chángrén， zhuān guǎn yuán pǔ， cóng shì shū cài、 guā guǒ de shēng chǎn。
xī zhōu bǐ jiào zhòng yào de shǒu gōng yè dū yóu wáng shì hé zhū hóu kòng zhì， zhòng duō de bǎi gōng zài sī kōng de lǐng dǎo xià fù zé guǎn lǐ gè xiàng shǒu gōng yè， qí zhōng zuì zhòng yào de réng rán shì qīng tóng zhù zào yè。 qí fēn bù dì qū hěn guǎng， shēng chǎn néng lì kuò dà， xiàolǜ hé shuǐ píng tí gāo， zhù zào gōng yì gǎi jìn。 fā míng liǎo yī mó fān zhì shù fàn hé hàn jiē de jì shù。 táo qì yè yǐ zhú jiàn cǎi yòng kuài lún fǎ， chǎn pǐn zǒu xiàng guī gé huà。 yuán shǐ cí piàn de shāo chéng wēn dù yǐ dá yī qiān 'èr bǎi dù yǐ shàng， tāi zhì gèng wéi xì nì， shī yǐ qīng、 huáng lǜ 'èr sè yòu， kuàng wù zǔ chéng yǐ jiē jìn cí qì。 néng gòu shēng chǎn shí huī shí ── guī shí liú lí。 qī qì zhì zuò zhú jiàn pǔ biàn， qì biǎo jiā zhù， shī yǐ hóng、 hēi liǎng zhǒng cǎi huì， yán sè xiān yàn， huā wén jīng měi。 jiā cán de sì yǎng shí fēn pǔ biàn， fǎng zhì chéng wéi nóng jiā de yī xiàng zhòng yào fù yè。 sī zhì wù yòu xié wén tí huā zhì pǐn hé cì xiù pǐn。 yǐ jīng zhǎng wò chí shuǐ 'òu má de wēi shēng wù tuō jiāo fǎ， yǐ biàn jiāng xiān wéi fēn lí chū lái。
xī zhōu shí， shāng yè yǐ chéng wéi shè huì jīng jì bù kě quē shǎo de bù mén， yóu guān fǔ lǒng duàn， shè yòu zhì rén zhī guān zuò wéi shì chǎng de guǎn lǐ zhě。 shāng mào de pǐn zhǒng yòu nú lì、 niú mǎ、 bīng qì、 zhēn yì děng。 xī zhōu de huò bì chú bèi yǐ wài， yǐ kāi shǐ shǐ yòng qīng tóng。
kē xué fā zhǎn
zhōng huá kē xué、 sī xiǎng wén huà de yuán quán shì《 yì》。 zuò wéi rú jiā liù jīng zhī yī de《 yì jīng》， zuì zǎo tí chū「 tiān wén」 de dìng yì。《 zhōu yì》 suī rán chéng shū yú zhàn guó shí qī， dàn tā biǎo dá díquè shí shì zhōu dài xíng chéng de tiān mìng sī xiǎng。《 yì》 shuō：「 guān hū tiān wén， yǐ chá shí biàn，」《 yì ． xì cí》 shuō：「 tiān chuí xiàng， jiàn jí xiōng， shèng rén xiàng zhī。》 děng děng， xī zhōu méng shēng de yīn yáng sī xiǎng， duì zhōng guó tiān wén xué de fā zhǎn yòu zhe zhòng yào de yǐng xiǎng。《 zhōu yì》 yòu hěn cháng de xíng chéng hé fā zhǎn guò chéng。 bèi hòu rén chēng wéi hé tú、 luò shū de dōng xī， shì shāo zhuó bǔ gǔ de biǎo xiàn， shì yuǎn gǔ xiān mín zài cháng qī shēng huó hé zhàn bǔ de shí jiàn zhōng gǎn wù chū de lǐ xìng sī wéi hé xíng xiàng sī wéi hù xiāng chuàn lián、 hù xiāng shèn tòu de fǎn yìng。 xiāng chuán fú yì shì jiāng qí guī nà zǒng jié， duì shī cǎo fǎn fù pái liè， ér huà wéi bā guà， jiāng tiān dì jiān wàn wù de xiàn xiàng dū bāo kuò yú qí zhōng， zhè shì yuán shǐ de yì。 hòu lái， jù shuō jīng guò
wáng hòu
tài sì
zǐ nǚ
1 bó yì kǎo
2 zhōu wǔ wáng
3 guǎn shū xiān
4 zhōu gōng dàn
5 cài shū dù
6 cáo shū zhèn duó
7 chéng shū wǔ（ shǐ jì zuò“ chéng shū wǔ”）
8 huò shū chù
9 wèi kāng shū fēng
10 dān jì zài（ shǐ jì zuò“ rǎn jì zài”）
yǐ shàng wéi wén wáng dí zǐ， tài sì suǒ shēng
11 máo shū zhèng
12 gào zǐ
13 yōng zǐ
14 téng cuò shū xiù
15 bì gōng gāo
16 yuán gōng
17 fēng hóu
18 huán hóu
Their age: Shang Dynasty
Reign: 50 years (1105 BC - 1056 BC reign)
King Wen of Zhou is a descendant of the Yellow Emperor, descent is as follows:
Deeds
Calendar quarter after the death of his son JI Chang throne, he is a famous Emperor Wen of the future. He reigned for 50 years, the main contribution is to eliminate business well prepared. He is a very new business owners as the diligent conduct of public affairs, attaches importance to developing agricultural production, courteous, Kwong Lo talent, thanks to Jiang Shang for the army, division, asked the Israeli state plans so that the "third world, the other owned by week." The reign of King Wen, to the Shang Dynasty, an "Uncle Fang" appearance as the surface to submit to the Shang Dynasty, but secretly to prepare actively destroy business. He disintegrating Shang vassal, and the National for the successful mediation of the danger, Rui Tian dispute between the two countries struggle to make a small country east of the river have come to join themselves, princes is regarded as replacing Shangzhou King Wen's "ordered the Monarch" . In Yu, Rui join themselves to the second year of King Wen to the northwest, southwest military forces, to destroy the establishment of a solid business behind. Then eastward, over the Yellow River offensive Society, Han River and other countries. Eastward along the Wei River, taking the Shang Dynasty in the middle of an important base for Chong Wei to eliminate the week on the road in the east of a barrier, and According to the fertile soil. The second year in cutting Chong, King Wen Feng Shui in the West Bank construction Fung Yap, the political center moved in abundance (now Xi'an Southwest). At this point, King Wen had completed all of the pincer business surrounded by the Zhou Dynasty Shang Dynasty have been formed on an aggressive offensive.
King Wen determined to eliminate business after his release. 1 offer for King Zhou, the request for exemption to torture, to obtain the trust, one side's visit to the talented, growing national strength. Hunting in the Wei river, he met up a year has grown old, gifted and frustrated Jiang Shang in the water to go fishing. King Wen talks with him, each on a very speculative, King Wen Jiang Shang understanding that there really was, let Jiangshang car and go with him, that the division establish common business strategy planning off. According to "Book of mass communications," said the reign of King Wen in the last seven years, did six events. Yu Rui first year of mediation between the two countries dispute. Yu (Shanxi flat land County) Rui (Shanxi Ruicheng) are the Shang Dynasty Western vassal; but they do not find the Shang kings ruled all Muzhou Wen Wang's prowess, seek adjudication of King Wen. According to "Book of Poetry cotton," said chapter Note: the two countries to see Zhou Yu Rui was "Gengzhe let River, Walker give way," "Differences between men and women, gray is not guidance and help," "persons to the doctor, doctor to the Qing, "with one gentleman. Two contrast, inner shame, Rui Yu, after returning to the dispute between the two countries have taken the initiative to do the busy field of processing, from solving disputes. The second year of the army attack Quanrong, defeated Xi Rong Zhu Yi, destroyed several small countries. Attack close to the third year (in this Lingtai County), lifting the north and west to worry about. Fourth annual "Hebrew suppress Li (in this mountain in Litang County)", the first five years of cutting Han River (Qinyang County, Henan Province today). Kan Li, cutting Han River is actually constituted a direct threat to business are Chaoge. Chong off the sixth year of the country (in this household canton Shaanxi). The capital of the Week by the Plain Qishan Wei Zhou Yuan Moving Eastward to establish Feng Jing (Chang'an County, Shaanxi Fenghe in this West Bank). (Book of Poetry ":" not only cutting in worship, for Yap in the Symphony. "Followed by expansion of forces to the south and the Yangtze River, Han River, Ru water basin, forming a" third world, there are the other "situation." Analects of Confucius Tabor, "say these words, it is clear Qi Zhou has control of half of the actual world, and Shang have been in extreme isolation.
King Wen of Zhou in Chinese history is a name jun saint, was later praised by the respected dynasties, "Book of Poetry" Poetry in Song.
Only in the Zhou dynasty of King Wen gossip, as the Duke of Zhou and Confucius was born out of two great figures, through their learning, inference interpretation, leaving only pass down. The images of the so-called no good and bad of the points, the analysis shows that people in good times, the face of adversity the right attitude and behavior and ways of doing things, scholars and writers through the ages the ruling class tradition, King Wen, "The Book of Changes" has become China's Bible the source of philosophers, and even into people's daily lives are closely linked with it.
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Battle of King Wen of Zhou attack Quanrong
Zhou Dynasty (1046 BC - the former 256)
Zhou Dynasty treasures and beauty to the Hebrew ransom, then, in the Shang's adjuvant, the Hebrew Chang surface indulge in pleasure, the "Yan Zhou" very tame, in fact it is more charitable and virtue, and the Yue people, to develop production, so more come to join themselves to princes, and then campaign against recalcitrant feudal lords and business allies, and finally there is the other third of the world, to become the Lord of the so-called ordered, while claiming to be King, that King Wen of Zhou, and moved to the capital Fung Yap (now Feng Shui Shaanxi Chang'an Southwest West Bank). Nine years, King Wen of Zhou's death. Send his son to the throne, King Wu said. He continued to Shang for the division, "Duke once" secondary, "called the public", "complete the public" and other man-made main assistant, to continue the unfinished business of King Wen. Feng Shui will be extended to the east of the capital, "Gao Jing" (now Shaanxi Chang'an canton), and actively prepare for destruction business. Two years later, King Wu-chun called 800 in the Union vows princes joined forces. Ordered the 10th year of King Wen in December, Wu Wangbing out Tongguan uniting of the various countries princes commanded the troops on the east, in the following year in February Jiazi at Makino's army defeated the Shang Dynasty, the king killed Yan Zhou, known to history as "King Wu off-business ", the longest in Chinese history built a dynasty," Zhou Dynasty. " Experienced a 37 on behalf of the Zhou Dynasty emperor, 800 years to 200 years BC, was the Qin exterminate. 770 BC, King Ping moved the capital to Luoyi (now Luoyang, Henan). Fenggao 2 Beijing in the West, Los eup in the East, traditionally called 770 BC before the Zhou Dynasty to the Western Zhou Dynasty, the future for the Eastern Zhou Dynasty.
Long-term gradual accumulation of contradictions, so that dynasty had a profound crisis. In this case, to the throne of "King Li of Zhou", not only does not take to pacify the people, the development of people's livelihood measures, instead appointing eloquent minister, spending, year after year foreign wars of conquest and step away, to benefit from monopoly Shanze aroused public discontent and discussions. He sent the shaman surveillance, killing people who talk so that conflicts more acute. Three years later, angry residents finally riots Gao Jing, the "Li Wang" banished to the "pig (sound" to "zhi", from "Duke" and "public call" common exercising political power, history, known as the "Zhou Zhao republic. "republic that is the first year of 841 BC, Chinese history, beginning from this year, with clear and continuous Annals." Zhou Li Wang, "after the death of his son," Xuan Wang "rectify affairs of state, had to Zhou dynasty had The Renaissance. but the 12th generation of the Son of Heaven Week You Wang, the dynasty of the crisis more severe. Guanzhong region earthquakes, landslides and severe natural disasters such as water depletion, Zhou You Wang not only compensating the victims, but more extravagant corruption and greed. to Chong Fei won the "concubine" smile, You Wang loyalist held war to deceive princes to come. The most serious problem is that You Wang Wang Houshen's decision to pass away, kill the prince "should mortar" separate "concubine" as the Queen, the Legislative concubine's son, "Bo-service" as the Prince. "application" after his father was co-western tribal Quan Rong Shen Hou, state sent troops across to attack Zhou You Wang, at the foot of the mountain killing You Wang Li, it was going concubine. You Wang's son "should acetabular "throne, closing the looting suffered Binghuo, dilapidated, Quanrong harassment from time to time to come." King Ping of Zhou "should only be the capital moved to Los acetabular eup, known to history as" King Ping Moving Eastward, "Eastern Zhou Dynasty began.
Zhou Wang Zhaodi system table
Eastern Zhou Dynasty
Jiang Shang, Zhou Gong Dan, Zhao Gong shi
The official system of the Western Zhou Dynasty, more complicated. Zhou Wang about adjuvant for the Grand Preceptor, Tutor, Pacific Insurance, collectively known as Excellencies. Excellencies, three things under the official (government officials, business officials and local officials), Quartet (nobility and the party States, tribes) and Qing Liu things. Dynasty officials: Osamu commanding the court politics, palm rituals ritual Taizong, palm calendar notes of Taishi, prayer Taizhu palm, artificial palm things of God, who charge of divination Pu, collectively, six ministers, six ministers of the Liao Shu, as a matter of total Qing Liu. Dynasty also palm land and the farmer's Szeto, entertainment industry for decades the ministry Sagong palm, palm army military Sima Fu, palm version of the Division membership Peerage and persons, the penalty charge of Sikou, collectively known as features. Inner court matters for the royal family service officer, the junior has Sangong three small (less division, Shao Fu, less security), hence the saying, auxiliary, Bute, bearing four secondary, there Kashihade, decorated clothing, Xiaochen, Temple who within the vertical, Hunzhe, door Yin, Wang You-Secretary, fire division, navy, large Emirates, Tai Pu, Royal, right, extraction cars, fun horse, Master's, Hu information, opinion of people, doctors, artists, belong to people , Yin and so too the uterus. Ji closure in the country outside the service, known as the Quartet, including Hou, Austin, princes and other men. Dynasty sometimes sent envoys to the country vassal state prison term. Princes in their own closed set Baiguan Yuji royal domestic modeled as independent power, mainly three things official, that Szeto, Sima, SI Kong, sub-charge of government, judicial and civil. Weeks, the main officials at all levels, are the basis of hereditary patriarchal system, and civil and military, regardless, usually rule the people, war is all levels of generals. Chou local system, there are States, have, eup, wild, vulgar. Zhou Wang and princes of the capital for the country, as the vassal state of the cities are, a small town for the eup, also known as wild or lowly place.
Economic and cultural
Western Zhou Dynasty, the business has become an indispensable social and economic sectors, the official monopoly, the government has the quality of people as the market manager. Slave trade of the varieties, oxen and horses, weapons, Rare, etc.. In addition to the Western Zhou currency other than shellfish, have begun to use bronze.
Chinese science, ideology and culture of the source is "easy." As one of the Confucian Classics "Book of Changes", the earliest that "astronomical" definition. "Book of Changes" Although written in the Warring States period, but he is really the expression of type into the fate Zhou thinking. "Easy", said: "Judging from astronomy to detect time-varying," "easy. Copulative "said:" Days like hanging, see good and bad, like the saints. "And so on, thinking of the West Zhou Mengsheng of yin and yang, the development of astronomy in China has an important impact." Book of Changes, "a long process of formation and development. Be later known as the Creek map, Luo Shu things, the performance is burning Bogu is ancient ancestors long life and fortune in the practice of the sentiment of rational thinking and thinking in images to link with each other, reflect each other infiltration. According to legend, V Yi's to sum up repeatedly on the arrangement of yarrow, and painting for the gossip, the phenomenon of nature is all included in one, this is the original easily. Later, through the King Wen of Zhou is said that the careful studying, to standardized, structured oriented, interpreted as 64 hexagrams and 384 Yao, with diagrams speech, Ci, called the "Book of Changes." It is a simple image and figures to change yin and yang of the opposition to explain complex and diverse society , shows that the number of tens of thousands up to infinity, has to show little more than to simply show complex, the characteristics of change. its so called "easy" Xuan explained there are three aspects: First, Jane, second shift, three difficult. Speak of the myriad things that have changed are the same, ever-changing phenomenon, and some basic principles will not change with another, which from the objective world, the dialectical development of abstract theory, a very rich out of simple dialectics. Old said the late Spring and Autumn Period, Confucius, the "Book of Changes" interpretation and discourse, to complete 10 wing, that is, "Yi." In this way, "Book of Changes" on the development of a profound exposition of the contents of the universe of a change in philosophy.
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1 Peter Yap test
4 Zhougongdan
7 Cheng Shu Wu (Records as "as Uncle Wu")
Dan quarter contained 10 (Records as "Ran season set")
12 Gao child
15 graduates of public high
18 Xun Hou
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