běi dé yì zhì bāng lián（
dé yǔ： Norddeutscher Bund）
yú dé yì zhì bāng lián jiě sàn hòu，
zài 1867
nián chéng lì，
yòu dé guó běi fāng '
èr shí '
èr gè bāng guó zǔ chéng。
tā qí shí zhǐ shì yī gè guò dù zǔ zhì，
zài 1871
nián dé yì zhì dì guó chéng lì hòu biàn bèi fèi chú。
dàn shì，
tā bāng zhù pǔ lǔ shì kòng zhì dé guó běi bù，
jiā qiáng tā duì nán dé bāng guó de yǐng xiǎng lì，
yóu rú guān shuì tóng méng yī yàng。
bāng lián míng xiǎn dì pái chú liǎo '
ào dì lì yǔ bā fá lì yà。
bāng lián zài pǔ '
ào zhàn zhēng hòu chéng lì。
pǔ lǔ shì jī bài '
ào dì lì hòu，
ào tuō ·
féng ·
bǐ sī mài chuàng lì běi dé xiàn fǎ。
xiàn fǎ zài 1867
nián 7
yuè 1
rì shēng xiào。
pǔ wáng wēi lián yī shì chū rèn bāng lián zhù xí，
shǒuxiàng bǐ sī mài jiān rèn bāng lián shǒuxiàng。
suǒ yòu dé yì zhì bāng guó zài lián bāng yì huì (Bundesrat)
dōuyòu yì xí，
pǔ lǔ shì dú zhàn shí qī xí。
běi dé yì huì (NorddeutscherReichstag)
jiù shì yóu mín xuǎn chǎn shēng。
pǔ fǎ zhàn zhēng hòu，
bā fá lì yà、
fú téng bǎo yǔ bā dēng (
lián tóng hēi sēn gōng guó de shèng yú bù fēn )
yǔ bāng lián hé bìng，
zǔ chéng dé yì zhì dì guó。
wēi lián yī shì chéng wéi dé yì zhì huáng dì。
yóu zhèng
bāng lián qí zhōng yī gè gōng néng，
jiù shì yóu 1868
nián 1
yuè 1
rì kāi shǐ，
chǔlǐ bāng guó de yóu zhèng shì wù jí fā xíng yóu piào。
bāng lián zài běi bù shěng fèn fā xíng xīn huò bì Groschen，
pèi hé zhòng bāng guó bù tóng de huò bì xì tǒng。
nán bù shěng fèn jiù yòng Kreuzer。
liǎng zhǒng huò bì de bì zhí shàng yòu bù tóng tú '
àn，
yǐ zuò shí bié。
tā mendōu bèi chēng wéi NorddeutscherPostbezirk。
hàn bǎo tuī chū yī kuǎn tè bié de quarter-schilling
yóu piào，
chēng wéi StadtpostbriefHamburg。
1872
nián 1
yuè 1
rì，
xīn fā xíng de dé yì zhì dì guó yóu piào qǔ dài bāng lián yóu piào。
chéng yuán bāng
*
pǔ lǔ shì，
bāo kuò láo '
ēn bǎo
*
sà kè sēn
*
méi kè lún bǎo -
shí wèi lín
*
sà kè sēn -
wēi mǎ -
ài sēn nà hè
*
méi kè lún bǎo -
sī tè léi lì cí
*
ào '
ěr dēng bǎo
*
bù lún ruì kè
*
sà kè sēn -
mài níng gēn
*
sà kè sēn -
ā '
ěr téng bǎo
*
sà kè sēn -
kē bǎo -
gē dá
*
ān hā '
ěr tè
*
shī wǎ cí bǎo -
lǔ dào '
ěr sī tǎ tè
*
shī wǎ cí bǎo -
sāng dé háo sēn
*
wǎ '
ěr dé kè (Waldeck)
*
luó yī sī -
gé ruì cí
*
luó yī sī -
shī lāi cí -
gé lā
*
shào mǔ bǎo -
lì bó
*
lì bó
*
lǚ bèi kè
*
bù lái méi
*
hàn bǎo
*
hēi sēn gōng guó zài měi yīn hé yǐ běi de bù fēn，
yì jí shàng hēi sēn shěng (Oberhessen)
The North German Confederation (German: Norddeutscher Bund), came into existence in August 1866 as a military alliance of 22 states of northern Germany with the Kingdom of Prussia as the leading state. In July 1867 it was transformed into a federal state. It provided the country with a constitution and was the building block of the German Empire, which adopted most parts of the federation's constitution and its flag.
Unlike the earlier German Confederation, the North German Confederation was in fact a true state. Its territory comprised the parts of the German Confederation north of the river Main, plus Prussia's eastern territories and the Duchy of Schleswig, but excluded Austria, Bavaria, Württemberg, Baden and the southern parts of the Grand Duchy of Hesse.
It cemented Prussian control over northern Germany, and emanated that same control via the Zollverein (Customs Union) and secret peace treaties (agreed with the southern states the day before the Peace of Prague) into southern Germany.
Although it ceased to exist after the creation of the German Empire in 1871, the federation was the building block for the German constitution adopted that year. This constitution granted immense powers to the new chancellor, Otto von Bismarck who was appointed by the President of the Bundesrat (Prussia). This was because the constitution made the chancellor 'responsible,' however not accountable, to the Reichstag. This therefore allowed him the benefit of being the link between the emperor and the people. The Chancellor retained powers over the military budget, after the constitutional crisis that engulfed Wilhelm I in 1862. Laws also prevented certain civil servants becoming members of the Reichstag, those who were Bismarck's main opposition in the 1860's.
The federation came into being after Prussia defeated Austria and the other remaining states of the German Confederation in the Austro-Prussian War of 1866. Otto von Bismarck created the constitution, which came into force on 1 July 1867, with the King of Prussia, William I, as its President, and Bismarck as Chancellor. The states were represented in the Bundesrat (Federal Council) with 43 seats (of which Prussia held 17). Most notably, Bismarck introduced universal male suffrage into the confederation for elections to the Reichstag. The Bundesrat membership was extended before 1871 with the creation of the Zollverein Parliament in 1867, an attempt to create closer unity with the southern states by permitting representatives to be sent to the Bundersrat.
Following Prussia's victory over the Second French Empire and the subsequently formed Third Republic in the Franco-Prussian War of 1871, Bavaria, Württemberg, and Baden (together with parts of the Grand Duchy of Hesse which had not originally joined the federation), unified with the states of the Federation to form the German Empire, with William I taking the new title of German Emperor (rather than Emperor of Germany as Austria was not included).
