東亞:
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| 朝鮮 Korea (North) 首都:平壤 國家代碼: kp |
 朝鲜 朝鲜 朝鲜 朝鲜簡稱：朝鮮（DPRK） 其他稱謂 日本的官方稱謂：北朝鮮（きたちょうせん） 歐美、南洋、香港、韓國、臺灣的官方韓文翻譯成中文稱謂：北韓（북한 North Korea） 國名由來 1392年，“高麗王朝”三軍都製使李成桂廢除了親蒙古帝國的高麗王朝第三十四代王，為了爭取明朝的支持，李成桂派使臣嚮明朝稱臣。明朝皇帝朱元璋（明太祖）取“朝日鮮明”之意，賜國號“朝鮮”，史稱“朝鮮王朝”。“朝鮮”之名由此而來。二戰後，朝鮮革命領袖金日成主席於朝鮮半島建國時，采用了“朝鮮”這一稱呼，定國名為“朝鮮民主主義人民共和國”。 領土面積:朝鮮半島南北雙方雖然社會制度不同，但是雙方都宣稱到朝鮮半島南北為同一國。朝鮮半島總面積222004平方公裏，其中朝鮮半島北方122742平方公裏，朝鮮半島南方99262平方公裏。 國旗 朝鮮國旗呈橫長方形，長與寬之比為2∶1。旗面中間是一條紅色的寬帶，上下各有一藍邊，在紅色和藍色之間是白色的細條。在紅色寬條中的靠旗桿一側有一白色圓地，內有一紅色五角星。紅色寬條象徵崇高的共産主義精神和頑強鬥爭的精神，白色象徵朝鮮是一個單一的民族，藍窄條象徵團结、和平，紅五角星象徵革命傳統。 註：朝鮮半島北部在1948年建國之前，和南韓一樣，都是以太極旗作為國旗。直到“朝鮮民主主義人民共和國”正式建立之後，纔廢除太極旗，采用了今天的朝鮮國旗。 國徽 朝鮮國徽呈橢圓形。由紅色綬帶束紮的稻穗構成橢圓形圖案，頂間一顆光芒四射的紅五角星，其下有朝鮮偉大領袖金日成誕生地革命聖地白頭山。國徽中間為水壩、水電站、高壓輸電綫架等圖案，底部的紅色飾帶上用朝鮮語寫着“朝鮮民主主義人民共和國”。紅五星象徵革命，水電站和稻穗分別象徵工人、農民、紅色綬帶束紮在國徽周圍象徵團结和勝利。 國歌 《愛國歌》。創作於1947年，歌詞作者為詩人樸世永（1902年—1989年），作麯為音樂傢金元均（1917年—2002年）。 朝鮮新國歌更加激昂雄壯，更加顯示強大社會主義強盛大國的威力。 國慶日 9月9日（1948年該日建國） 人口 全國為單一的朝鮮族，屬“三韓後裔”，通用朝鮮語，民族傳統服飾為韓服。 2000年6月南北方領導人舉行首次高峰會談，把半島北部1/3人口與半島南部2/3人口緊緊握在一起。半島北部2330萬人口，半島南部4850萬人口，總計7180萬。 在此說明一下： 韓語與朝鮮語略有不同。因為戰後南北韓長期分裂，使得南北語言也出現略微差異。一般將南韓慣用的表達方式稱為“韓語”，將北朝鮮慣用的表達方式稱為“朝鮮語”。 首都 平壤 (Pyongyang) ，人口200萬，下設18個區、4個郡。年平均氣溫9.7℃。 行政區劃 全國劃分為3個直轄市和9個道，分別為平壤市、開城市、南浦市和平安南道、平安北道、慈江道、兩江道、鹹鏡南道、鹹鏡北道、江原道、黃海南道、黃海北道。 主要領導人 1972年12月第五屆最高人民會議通過《朝鮮民主主義人民共和國憲法》，根據該憲法，設立朝鮮民主主義人民共和國主席為國傢元首。同年，金日成同志當選為國傢主席。 1998年9月，最高人民會議修改憲法，决定金日成同志為“永遠的國傢主席”。從此以後，朝鮮不再設立國傢主席一職，廢除了象徵國傢元首的國傢主席制度。但原憲法中規定，國防委員會委員長一職由國傢主席兼任，因此，廢除國傢主席制度後，國防委員會委員長成為實際上的國傢元首，而最高人民會議常任委員會委員長代表國傢. 現任朝鮮勞動黨中央委員會總書記、國防委員會委員長、朝鮮人民軍最高司令官是偉大領導者金正日 ，二號人物最高人民會議常任委員會委員長金永南 ，2003年9月當選 國防委員會第一副委員長趙明錄 ，1998年9月任職，內閣總理金英日2007年4月當選。 朝鮮最高人民會議議長崔泰福 朝鮮勞動黨中央政治局委員(7人) 金正日(65歲，朝鮮黨和國傢最高領導人，朝鮮勞動黨總書記、國防委員會委員長、朝鮮人民軍最高司令官。1942年2月生。1960-1964年在金日成綜合大學學習。1964年起在朝鮮勞動黨中央委員會工作。1973年9月當選黨中央書記，翌年2月當選黨中央政治委員會委員。1980年10月在朝鮮勞動黨六大上當選黨中央政治局常委、書記和黨中央軍事委員會委員。1990年5月任國防委員會第一副委員長。1991年12月任朝鮮人民軍最高司令官。1992年4月獲朝鮮民主主義人民共和國元帥稱號。1993年4月任國防委員會委員長。1997年10月出任朝鮮勞動黨總書記。1998年9月和2003年9月再次被推舉為國防委員會委員長。) 金永南(79歲，朝鮮最高人民會議常任委員會委員長。1928年生於平壤市。1961年任朝鮮勞動黨中央國際部副部長。1963年9月任外務省副相。1970年當選勞動黨中央委員。1972年任黨中央國際部部長。1974年被選為黨中央政治委員會候補委員，1978年升任委員，1980年當選黨中央政治局委員、書記局書記。1983年12月任副總理兼外交部長。1998年9月和2003年9月兩次當選最高人民會議常任委員會委員長。) 樸成哲(94歲，朝鮮半島慶尚北道慶州市人，1913年9月2日生。1959年10月任朝鮮外務相。1962年10月任人民軍第5軍團長、中將軍銜。1976年4月任政務院總理，1976年4月當選朝鮮勞動黨政治局委員，1991年8月任祖國統一民主主義戰綫議長，1998年9月任最高人民委員會常任委員會名譽副委員長。) 金英柱(金日成幼弟，歷任勞動黨政治局委員、書記局書記、中央組織指導部長、國傢副主席、最高人民委員會常任委員會名譽副委員長。) 桂應泰(朝鮮勞動黨政治局委員、分管治安工作的書記局書記，2006年11月23日去世，享年81歲。) 全炳浩(81歲，朝鮮勞動黨政治局委員、分管軍需工作的書記局書記，國防委員會委員，大將) 韓成竜(84歲，朝鮮勞動黨政治局委員、分管外交工作的書記局書記) 朝鮮勞動黨中央政治局候補委員(7人) 金鐵萬(89歲，朝鮮目前仍然在世的僅有的幾位老遊擊隊員之一，大將，第二經濟委員會即國防工業委員會委員長) 崔泰福(77歲，朝鮮勞動黨政治局候補委員、書記局書記、最高人民會議議長) 崔永林(78歲，朝鮮勞動黨政治局候補委員、前中央檢察所所長，現任最高人民會議常任委員會秘書長) 洪成南(78歲，英文名：Hong Song Nam，1929年10月2日出生於平安北道定州郡。科學技術專傢。歷任化學工業部長、重工業部部長。1973年9月任副總理兼國傢計劃委員會委員長，1980年10月當選朝鮮勞動黨（第六屆）中央委員會委員。1982年11月任平安南道勞動黨責任秘書，1986年12月當選勞動黨政治局委員，1987年10月—1988年2月任政務院副總理兼國傢計劃委員會委員長，副總理任至1997年2月。1997年2月－1998年8月任政務院代總理。1998年9月5日出任朝鮮內閣總理。2003年9月總理卸任後任鹹鏡南道黨責任秘書。) 楊亨燮(82歲，金日成的堂妹金申淑的丈夫，現任最高人民會議常任委員會副委員長) 洪錫亨(前國傢計劃委員會委員長，現任鹹鏡北道省委書記) 延亨默(1931年11月3日-2005年10月22日，朝鮮勞動黨中央政治局候補委員、朝鮮國防委員會副委員長。1988年12月12日-1992年12月11日任朝鮮總理。自1968年起在朝鮮勞動黨內擔任黨中央副部長、部長、書記等職。從1975年起先後擔任朝鮮政務院副總理、第一副總理和總理職務。1998年，延亨默擔任朝鮮國防委員會委員，並於2003年9月當選為副委員長，在國防委員會中排名僅次於朝鮮最高領導人金正日和第一副委員長趙明錄。) .PI-U7cG 朝鮮勞動黨中央中央書記局書記(8人) 全炳浩(81歲，朝鮮勞動黨政治局委員、分管軍需工作的書記局書記，國防委員會委員，大將) 韓成竜(84歲，朝鮮勞動黨政治局委員、分管外交工作的書記局書記) 桂應泰(朝鮮勞動黨政治局委員、分管治安工作的書記局書記，2006年11月23日去世，享年81歲。) 崔泰福(77歲，朝鮮勞動黨政治局候補委員、書記局書記、最高人民會議議長) 金國泰(83歲，朝鮮開國功臣、副總理金策之子，1924年生，1963年被授予中將軍銜，出任朝鮮人民軍總政治局副局長，1992年出任分管幹部工作的書記局書記，金日成高級黨校校長。) : 鄭河哲(78歲，1950年畢業於金日成綜合大學哲學係，1973年5月任《勞動新聞》評論室主任，1990年2月任中央廣播委員長，2000年8月任勞動黨中央宣傳鼓動部部長，次年9月兼任分管宣傳工作的書記局書記) 金仲麟(83歲，分管工會、文體、科技工作的書記局書記) 金己男(81歲，最高人民會議常任委員會委員長金永南的兄弟，分管韓國工作的書記局書記，朝鮮祖國和平統一委員會副委員長) 朝鮮國防委員會 金正日(65歲，朝鮮黨和國傢最高領導人，朝鮮勞動黨總書記、國防委員會委員長、朝鮮人民軍最高司令官。1942年2月生。1960-1964年在金日成綜合大學學習。1964年起在朝鮮勞動黨中央委員會工作。1973年9月當選黨中央書記，翌年2月當選黨中央政治委員會委員。1980年10月在朝鮮勞動黨六大上當選黨中央政治局常委、書記和黨中央軍事委員會委員。1990年5月任國防委員會第一副委員長。1991年12月任朝鮮人民軍最高司令官。1992年4月獲朝鮮民主主義人民共和國元帥稱號。1993年4月任國防委員會委員長。1997年10月出任朝鮮勞動黨總書記。1998年9月和2003年9月再次被推舉為國防委員會委員長。) 趙明祿(79歲，朝鮮國防委員會第一副委員長兼人民軍總政治局長，次帥) 延亨默(1931年11月3日-2005年10月22日，朝鮮勞動黨中央政治局候補委員、朝鮮國防委員會副委員長。1988年12月12日-1992年12月11日任朝鮮總理。自1968年起在朝鮮勞動黨內擔任黨中央副部長、部長、書記等職。從1975年起先後擔任朝鮮政務院副總理、第一副總理和總理職務。1998年，延亨默擔任朝鮮國防委員會委員，並於2003年9月當選為副委員長，在國防委員會中排名僅次於朝鮮最高領導人金正日和第一副委員長趙明錄。) 李用茂(84歲，又名李要武、李勇武，英文名：Ri Yong Mu，1923年生，朝鮮平安南道人。1970年11月當選朝鮮勞動黨中央委員，1974年2月至任人民軍總政治局局長、上將，1974年6月當選朝鮮勞動黨政治局委員。1977年由於無視黨的政策被解職。1985年1月任兩江道人民委員會副委員長，1989年2月任社會安全部政治局局長(政委)，1991年12月任交通委員會委員長、政治局長。1998年9月當選國防委員會副委員長，晉升人民軍次帥。) 金永春(71歲，英文名：Kim Yong Chun，1936年出生於平壤，萬景臺革命學院畢業。1986年當選朝鮮勞動黨中央委員，1992年4月晉升人民軍大將，1993年10月任軍需動員總局局長，1994年3月任人民軍第6軍團長，1995年10月晉升人民軍次帥，並出任人民軍總參謀長。2006年4月晉升國防委員會副委員長。) 金一哲(74歲，又名金益鉉，英文名：Kim Il Chol，1933年出生，朝鮮平壌市人。萬景臺革命學院和大連海軍大學畢業。 1962年10月任人民軍第5軍團長、中將軍銜。1980年10月當選朝鮮勞動黨中央委員和中央軍事委員會委員，1985年8月晉升人民軍上將，1992年4月晉升人民軍大將，1997年4月任人民武裝力量部第一副部長，並晉升人民軍次帥，1998年5月當選國防委員會副委員長兼人民武力相。2003年9月當選國防委員會委員。) 全炳浩(81歲，朝鮮勞動黨政治局委員、分管軍需工作的書記局書記，國防委員會委員，大將) 崔竜洙(內閣人民保安相，因參與張成澤宗派活動，作為其親信的崔竜洙在出任人民保安相一年後即被撤職) 節日 1月1日 元旦 2月16日 金正日花節：偉大領導者金正日誕辰紀念日(1942) 4月15日 太陽節：偉大領袖金日成主席誕辰紀念日(1912) 5月1日 國際無産階級勞動節(1890) 8月15日 祖國解放紀念日(1945) 9月9日 國慶節(1948) 10月10日 朝鮮勞動黨建黨紀念日(1945) 12月27日 朝鮮民主主義人民共和國社會主義憲法節(1972) 紀念日 2月20日 機械節 3月5日 勞動節 3月8日 國際婦女節 3月22日 漁夫節 4月5日 保健節 4月6日 植樹節 4月8日 電信節 4月25日 建軍節(1932) 5月11日 鐵路節 5月15日 地質勘探節 5月21日 建設者節 6月1日 國際兒童節 6月6日 朝鮮少先隊成立節 6月7日 地方工業節 7月1日 礦工節 7月7日 煤炭工節 7月8日 金日成同志逝世日(1994) 7月27日 祖國解放戰爭勝利紀念日(1953) 8月10日 林業勞動者節 8月20日 空軍節 8月28日 青年節 8月28日 海軍節 9月5日 城市經營節 9月5日 教育節 9月15日 商業節 10月9日 金屬勞動者節 10月14日 廣播節 10月第二個星期日體育節 10月15日 紡織工業節 11月1日 出版節 11月16日 陸海運節 12月6日 化學工業節 地理 位於亞洲東部，北部與中國為鄰，東北與俄羅斯接壤，隔海與日本相望。平均海拔高度４４０米，山地約占國土面積的８０％。半島海岸綫全長約17300公裏。屬溫帶季風氣候，年平均氣溫８～１２°C，年平均降水量1000～1200毫米。 1948年8月15日大韓民國成立。1948年9月9日，朝鮮民主主義人民共和國宣告成立。 1950年6月25日，朝鮮戰爭爆發。美國、蘇聯與中國三個國傢不同程度地捲入這場戰爭。1953年7月27日，聯合國軍與朝中方面在板門店簽訂停戰協定。1958年10月中國人民志願軍全部撤出朝鮮。1958年，朝鮮宣佈完成了城市、農村生産關係的社會主義改造，建立了社會主義經濟制度。1970年宣佈實現了社會主義工業化。1991年9月17日同韓國一道加入聯合國。 新聞出版 主要報刊有《勞動新聞》，朝鮮勞動黨中央委員會機關報；《民主朝鮮》，政府機關報；《勤勞者》雜志，月刊，朝鮮勞動黨中央委員會機關刊物。另外還有《朝鮮人民軍》、《青年前衛》、《平壤新聞》等報。朝鮮外文綜合出版社用多種外文出版雜志《今日朝鮮》和畫報《朝鮮》。此外，還發行英文和法文周報《平壤時報》。朝鮮中央通訊社簡稱朝中社，為國傢通訊社，1946年12月5日成立。發行日刊《朝鮮中央通訊》等。朝鮮中央廣播電臺: 為國傢廣播電臺，1945年10月14日成立。除用朝鮮語廣播外，還用多種外語對外廣播。朝鮮中央電視臺和開城電視臺６０年代開始播放節目；萬壽臺電視臺1983年底開播。 【政治】 最高人民會議是國傢最高權力機關，行使立法權。最高人民會議常任委員會是最高人民會議休會期間的最高國傢權力機關。最高人民會議代表由選舉産生，每屆任期5年。國防委員會是國傢主權的最高軍事領導機關和全面管理國防的機關，由最高人民會議選舉産生，嚮最高人民會議負責，任期5年。國防委員會由委員長、副委員長、委員組成。委員長統率、指揮全國一切武裝力量，並全面領導國防工作。內閣是國傢最高權力的行政執行機關和全面管理國傢的機關，任期5年。 【經濟】 礦産資源豐富， 已探明礦産300多種，其中有開採價值的礦藏200多種。石墨、菱鎂礦的儲量居世界前列，鐵礦石及鋁、鋅、銅、金、銀等有色金屬和煤炭、石灰石、雲母、石棉等非金屬礦物儲量豐富。水力和森林資源也較豐富。工業以采礦、電力、機械、冶金、化工、紡織等為主。農業以種植水稻和玉米為主，産量各占糧食總産量的一半左右。主要港口有清津、南浦、元山、興南等。主要出口鋼鐵、有色金屬、人參、紡織品和水産品等，進口産品主要有石油、機械設備、電子産品、紡織産品等。主要貿易對象為中國、韓國、日本、俄羅斯、東南亞國傢等。 朝鮮農業非常發達，糧食基本可以自給自足。在工業領域，朝鮮在偉大領袖金日成領導下，僅用14年時間完成了西方資本主義國傢需要50~100年才能完成工業化進程。朝鮮在汽車，造船，鋼鐵，電子，機械燈工業領域高度發達。 【軍事】 朝鮮人民軍於1948年2月8日建立，前身為1938年4月25日在中國東北創建的朝鮮人民革命軍。國防委員會是國傢主權的最高軍事領導機關和全面管理國防的機關，由最高人民會議選舉産生，嚮最高人民會議負責，任期５年。國防委員會由委員長、副委員長、委員組成。國防委員會委員長為全國武裝力量最高統帥。實行普遍義務兵役製，陸軍服役５年，海軍、空軍３至４年。 軍史 朝鮮人民軍成立於1948年2月8日。 軍製 國防委員會為國傢最高軍事領導機關，國防委員長為全國武裝力量最高統帥。 兵役制度 實行義務兵役製。服役期：陸軍6 ~ 8年、海軍5 ~ 10年、空軍3 ~ 4年。義務兵可服役至40歲。 軍費 2001年軍費開支衹占國傢財政支出的14.4％。 總兵力 現役部隊105.4萬人。 陸軍 92.3萬人。編有20個軍（其中1個裝甲軍、4個機械化軍、12個步兵軍、兩個炮兵軍、1個首都防禦軍）、26個機械化步兵師、15個裝甲旅、24個機械化步兵旅、3個獨立步兵旅；1個特種作戰軍8.8萬人，10個狙擊旅、14個步兵旅、17個偵察團、1個炮兵旅；6個直屬炮兵旅、1個“飛毛腿”地地導彈旅、1個“蛙”式地地導彈旅、14個特種炮彈火箭炮旅。 主戰坦剋：約3500輛，主要有T—54/—55型、 T—62型、59式。 輕型坦剋：約560輛，主要有 PT—76型、M—1985型。 裝甲輸送車：2500輛、主要有STP—40/—50/—60/—152型、Type—531型、M—1973型。 牽引火炮：122毫米、130毫米、152毫米共3500門。 自行火炮：122毫米、130毫米、152毫米、170毫米共4400門。 火箭炮：107毫米、122毫米、240毫米共2000門。 迫擊炮：82毫米、120毫米、160毫米共7500門。 地地導彈：蛙—3/—5/—7型24部、“飛毛腿”C型約30部。 地空導彈：SA—7/—16型1萬餘枚。 反坦剋導彈：AT—1型、AT—3型、AT—4型、AT—5型若幹具。 無後坐力炮：82毫米1700門。 高射炮（高射機槍）：14.5毫米、23毫米、37毫米、57毫米、85毫米、100毫米共11000門（挺）。 海軍 4.6萬人，編有2個艦隊司令部。 潛艇：蘇製R級22艘、W級4艘，小型潛艇45艘，海岸潛艇21艘。 護衛艦：“羅津”級2艘、“蘇湖“級1艘。 輕型護衛艦：“沙裏院”級4艘。 導彈快艇；“西州”級15艘、“黃蜂”級12艘、“蚊子”級10艘、“瑞興”級6艘。 魚雷艇：共103艘，其中“新興”級3艘、P—6級155艘、“新浦”級40艘。 巡邏艇：158艘，其中“海南“級大型巡邏艇4艘、“大青”級大型巡邏艇13艘、“索曼”級大型巡邏艇6艘、“索”I級近海巡邏艇18艘、“上海”Ⅱ級高速攻擊艇12艘、“椒島”級高速攻擊炮艇3艘、漁船改裝巡邏艇約100多艘。 掃雷艇：“陸島”係列25艘。 水陸兩棲登陸艇：10艘。 水面支援船：7艘，其中海上施船2艘、偵察船1艘、氣象測量船1艘、潛艇救護船3艘。 岸防部隊 地對艦導彈團2個，“蠶”式導彈基地6處；122毫米、130毫米、152毫米岸炮若幹門。 空軍 8.5萬人，編為6個航空師。作戰飛機607架。 戰鬥機：米格—17型107架、米格—19型159架、米格—21型130架、米格—23型46架、米格—29型30架、蘇—7型18架、蘇—25型35架。 轟炸機：H—5型82架。 運輸機：安—2/雅—5型282架、安—24型6架、伊爾—18型2架、伊爾—62M型4架、圖—134型2架、圖—154型4架。 直升機：“休斯”500D型80架、米—2型139架、米—8/—17型15架、佐—5型48架。 教練機：米格—21型6架、雅剋—18型170架、FT—2型35架、CJ—5型10架、CJ—6型7架。 空空導彈：AA—2型、AA—7型若幹部。 地空導彈：SA—2型300部、SA—3型36部、SA—5型24部。 預備役部隊 約350萬人，最大年齡為60歲，其指揮預列為旅、營、連、排，裝備有輕武器、迫擊炮和高射炮。 駐外兵力 在12個非洲國傢派有軍事顧問。 軍隊節日 建軍節 4月25日 【外交】 朝鮮一貫奉行自主、和平、友誼的外交政策，在完全平等和相互尊重的原則基礎上發展同其他國傢的關係。由於西方國傢采取敵視朝鮮政策，企圖扼殺朝鮮社會主義制度，使得朝鮮與多數西方國傢之間沒有外交關係。2006年10月9日，朝鮮民主主義人民共和國實施地下核試驗。中華人民共和國外交部對於朝鮮民主主義人民共和國進行核試驗發表聲明，希望六方會談各方保持剋製態度，不要采取過激行動，主張通過對話解决問題。 朝鮮現任外長樸義春第一副外相薑錫柱副外相金永日金桂冠等 與中國關係 中國和朝鮮自古以來就是唇齒相依的友好鄰邦。1949年10月6日，中朝兩國建交。1950年朝鮮戰爭爆發後，中國人民志願軍與朝鮮軍民並肩浴血奮戰，與美韓聯軍作戰，最終簽訂停戰協議。1961年7月11日，兩國簽署了中朝友好合作互助條約。中朝兩國一直保持着傳統的睦鄰友好合作關係。20世紀90年代以來，兩國領導人進一步加強交往，中朝睦鄰友好合作關係進一步發展。1990年3月，中共中央總書記江澤民訪朝。2000年5月和2001年1月，朝鮮勞動黨總書記、國防委員會委員長金正日兩次訪問中國。2001年9月，中國國傢主席江澤民訪問朝鮮。2003年10月，吳邦國委員長率中國國傢代表團對朝鮮進行正式友好訪問。2004年4月，朝鮮勞動黨總書記、國防委員會委員長金正日對中國進行了非正式訪問。2005年10月，鬍錦濤總書記致電朝鮮勞動黨總書記金正日祝賀朝鮮勞動黨成立60周年（全文）。2005年10月，中共中央總書記、國傢主席鬍錦濤對朝鮮進行正式友好訪問。2006年1月，朝鮮勞動黨總書記金正日對我國進行非正式訪問。金正日即將訪問中國。 平壤作為中國境外19個火炬傳遞城市之一，於2008年4月28日承辦奧運聖火傳遞。這將是朝鮮首次參加奧運火炬接力活動。北京奧運會聖火在朝鮮首都平壤的傳遞開始，這是奧運聖火“和諧之旅”境外傳遞的第十八站。朝鮮對外的最高領導人、最高人民會議常任委員會委員長金永南將軍出席了今天的火炬接力起跑儀式。今天的平壤風和日麗，有大約40萬名當地市民在接力沿綫，為北京奧運會聖火加油助威。還有400位左右的藝術傢參加了接力沿途的表演。 最高人民會議常任委員會委員長金永南將出席北京奧運會。 中朝兩國領導人重要互訪一覽表 1、朝鮮領導人訪華 姓名 當時身份 訪問性質 訪問時間 金日成 首相 正式訪問 1953.11.10-11.27 金日成 首相 友好訪問 1954.9.28－10.5 金日成 首相 友好訪問 1958.11.21－11.28 金日成 首相 友好訪問 1959.9.25－10.3 金日成 首相 友好訪問 1961.7.10-7.15 崔庸健 委員長 正式訪問 1969.9.30-1 許錟 外長 正式訪問 1973.2.9-2.14 金日成 主席 友好訪問 1975.4.18-4.26 李鐘玉 總理 正式訪問 1981.1.10-1.14 金日成 主席 國事訪問 1982.9.16-9.25 金正日 書記 非正式訪問 1983.6.2-6.12 金永南 副總理兼外長 正式訪問 1984.2.7-2.14 薑成山 總理 正式訪問 1984.8.5-8.10 金日成 主席 非正式訪問 1984.11.26-11.28 金日成 主席 正式訪問 1987.5.21-5.25 李根模 總理 正式訪問 1987.11.9-11.14 金永南 副總理兼外長 正式訪問 1988.11.3-11.7 金日成 總書記 非正式訪問 1989.11.5-11.7 延亨默 總理 正式訪問 1990.11.23-11.28 金日成 主席 正式訪問 1991.10.4-10.13 金永南 委員長 正式訪問 1999.6.3-6.7 白南舜 外務相 正式訪問 2000.3.18-3.22 金正日 總書記 非正式訪問 2000.5.29-5.31 金正日 總書記 非正式訪問 2001.1.15 -1.20 金潤赫 最高人民會議秘書長 友好訪問 2001.7.10-7.14 楊亨燮 最高人民會議常任委員會副委員長 正式友好訪問 2002.10.15-19 金正日 總書記 非正式訪問 2004.4.19-4.21 金永南 最高人民會議常任委員會委員長 正式訪問 2004.10.18-10.20 樸鳳柱 內閣總理 正式訪問 2005.3.22-3.27 盧鬥哲 內閣副總理 正式訪問 2005.12.24-12.27 金正日 總書記 非正式訪問 2006.01.10-01.18 2、中國領導人訪朝 姓名 當時身份 訪問性質 訪問時間 周恩來 總理 友好訪問 1958.2.14-2.21 劉少奇 主席 友好訪問 1963.9.15-9.27 周恩來 總理 正式訪問 1970.4.5-4.7 姬鵬飛 外長 友好訪問 1972.12.22-12.25 華國鋒 黨主席、總理 正式訪問 1978.5.5-5.10 鄧小平 黨副主席、副總理 友好訪問 1978.9.8-9.13 趙紫陽 總理 正式訪問 1981.12.20-12.24 鬍耀邦 黨主席、鄧小平黨副主席 非正式訪問 1982.4.26-4.30 吳學謙 外長 正式訪問 1983.5.20-5.25 鬍耀邦 總書記 正式訪問 1984.5.4-5.11 鬍耀邦 總記 非正式訪問 1985.5.4-5.6 李先念 主席 友好訪問 1986.10.3-10.6 楊尚昆 主席 友好訪問 1988.9.7-9.11 趙紫陽 總書記 正式訪問 1989.4.24-4.29 江澤民 總書記 正式訪問 1990.3.14-3.16 李鵬 總理 正式訪問 1991.5.3-5.6 錢其琛 國務委員兼外長 正式訪問 1991.6.17-6.20 楊尚昆 主席 正式訪問 1992.4.12-4.17 鬍錦濤 政治局常委、書記處書記、中國黨政代表團 1993.7.26-7.29 羅幹 國務委員兼國務院秘書長、中國黨政代表團 1996.7.10-7.13 唐傢璇 外長 友好訪問 1999.10.5-10.9 遲浩田 軍委副主席、國務委員兼國防部長、中國高級軍事代表團 2000.10.22-10.26 薑春雲 全國人大副委員長、中國友好代表團 2001.7.9-7.13 江澤民 總書記、國傢主席 正式訪問 2001.9.3 - 9.5 賈慶林 中共中央政治局委員、北京市委書記 中共代表團 2002.5.6-5.10 李長春 中共中央政治局常委 正式訪問 2004.9.10-9.13 唐傢璇 國務委員、鬍錦濤主席特別代表 2005.7.12-7.14 吳儀 副總理、政府代表團 正式訪問 2005.10.8-10.11 鬍錦濤 總書記、國傢主席 正式訪問 2005.10.28-10.30 劉雲山 中共中央政治局委員書記處書記中宣部部長友好訪問 2007.10.29-30 楊潔篪 外交部長 正式訪問 2007年7月2日至3日 習近平 國傢副主席 正式訪問 2008年6月17日至6月19日 朝鮮王朝 指朝鮮/韓國歷史上的“朝鮮王朝”，又稱“李氏朝鮮”。 1392年，“高麗王朝”三軍都製使李成桂廢除了親蒙古帝國的高麗王朝第三十四代王，為了爭取明朝的支持，李成桂派使臣嚮明朝稱臣。中國明朝皇帝朱元璋（明太祖）取“朝日鮮明”之意，賜國號“朝鮮”，史稱“朝鮮王朝”。 古朝鮮時代 指朝鮮/韓國歷史上的古朝鮮時代，包括箕子朝鮮、衛氏朝鮮 箕子朝鮮，中國先秦時代東北地方政權； 衛氏朝鮮，中國漢代地方政權。 “箕子朝鮮”和“衛氏朝鮮”雖然當時存在，但這兩個名稱卻是後人追加的稱呼。 附： 韓民族的遷徙 朝鮮族原本不是跨國民族，高麗人遷徙到中國來的時期有兩個。 一是1996年，朝鮮公民大量移民中國，促進朝鮮半島與中國經濟聯繫與文化交流。 二是近代時期，由於日本帝國主義的侵略，許多高麗人為了躲避戰爭而遷徙到中國東北邊境 。 Abbreviations: North Korea (DPRK) Other title Japan's official name: North Korea (ki ta う せ ん ち ょ) Europe, America, Southeast Asia, Hong Kong, South Korea, Taiwan's official Korean translated into Chinese title: North Korea (북한 North Korea) Origin Country Names 1392, "Koryo Dynasty," Armed Forces have made the abolition of the pro Lichenggui Koryo dynasty, the Mongol Empire thirty-fourth generation of the king, in order to win the support of the Ming Dynasty, sent envoys to the Ming Dynasty Lichenggui concede defeat. Ming Emperor Zhu Yuan (Tai Zu) take "Asahi clear" meaning, thanks to the country, "North Korea", known as "the Joseon Dynasty." "North Korea" in the name of the resulting. World War II, the Korean revolutionary leader President Kim Il Sung in the founding of the Korean Peninsula, the use of the "Korea" the call, will be the country called the "Democratic People's Republic." Territory size: although the two Koreas have different social systems, but both sides claim to the Korean Peninsula for the same country. The total area of 222,004 square kilometers on the Korean Peninsula, including 122,742 square kilometers north of the Korean Peninsula, the South Korean peninsula 99,262 square kilometers. Flag Korean flag horizontal rectangle, the length and width ratio of 2:1. The middle of the flag is a red broadband, up and down each side of a blue, red and blue in between the thin strips of white. Wide section of the red flag on one side by a white circle, the five-pointed star inside a red. Red Wide lofty communist symbol of the spirit and indomitable fighting spirit, the white symbol of the DPRK is a single nation, a symbol of the blue narrow unity, peace, red five-pointed star symbol of the revolutionary tradition. Note: The Korean Peninsula in 1948 before the North, and South Korea, as are the national flag as the national flag. Until the "DPRK" formally established only after the abolition of national flag, adopted today, the Korean flag. National emblem North Korea oval emblem. By the red ribbon banding pattern of rice oval form, between the top of a red five-pointed star shine, the great leader Kim Il Sung, North Korea under the sacred birthplace of the revolution Mt. Emblem middle dams, hydropower stations, high voltage power line planes and other patterns, the red sash on the bottom with Korean words "Democratic People's Republic." Red star symbol of revolution, a symbol of hydropower and rice were workers, peasants, the red ribbon banding around the emblem symbolizes unity and victory. National anthem "Patriotic Song." Writing in 1947, the lyrics of poets Pu Shiyong (1902 -1989), the composer for the musicians, Jin and Yuan were (1917 -2002 years). North Korea magnificent new national anthem is more passionate, more shows strong Shengda Guo powerful socialist power. National Day September 9, 1948 (the date of founding) Population A single Korean nation, is a "three Korean descent", General Korean, traditional costumes for the hanbok. June 2000 the leaders of North and South held their first summit, the Peninsula and the northern 1 / 3 of the population and the peninsula in the southern 2 / 3 of the population, hold it together. 23.3 million people in northern peninsula, the peninsula in the southern population of 48.5 million, a total of 71.8 million. Elaborate here: Korean and Korean is slightly different. South and North Korea because of the long-term post-war division, making the North-South language also appears slightly different. Generally the preferred way of expression in South Korea as "Korean", the usual expression of North Korea as "Korean." Capital Pyongyang (Pyongyang), population 200 million, consists of 18 districts, 4 counties. The annual average temperature 9.7 ℃. Administrative Division Country is divided into three municipalities, and are 9, respectively Pyongyang, Kaesong, Nampo City Peace Annan Road, Ping North Road, Tsz River Road, Two Rivers Road, South Hamgyong, North Hamgyong, Kangwon Province, South Hwanghae Province, Yellow Sea and North Road. Key leaders December 1972 by the Fifth Supreme People's Assembly, "the DPRK Constitution," according to the constitution, the establishment of the Head of State President of the DPRK. In the same year, Comrade Kim Il Sung was elected as President. September 1998, Supreme People's Assembly to amend the constitution, decided to Comrade Kim Il Sung "eternal president." Since then, North Korea is no longer a national chairman, and abolished the symbolic head of state President system. But the original provisions of the Constitution, the post of chairman of the National Defense Commission Chairman concurrently by the State, therefore, abolished the system of State President, National Defense Commission Chairman to become the de facto head of state, and chairman of the Standing Committee of the Supreme People behalf of the State. The current general secretary of the WPK Central Committee, chairman of the National Defense Commission, Supreme Commander of the Korean People's Army is a great leader Kim Jong Il, Supreme People's number two Kim Yong Nam, chairman of the Standing Committee, was elected in September 2003 National Defense Commission First Vice Chairman Cho Myong Rok, September 1998 office, Prime Minister Kim Yong Il was elected in April 2007. Speaker of the DPRK Supreme People's Assembly Cuitai Fu Korean Workers Party Central Committee Politburo member (7) Kim Yong-nam (79 years old, the Korean Supreme People's Assembly committee chairman. Born in Pyongyang in 1928. Any of the WPK Central Committee in 1961 Deputy Minister of International Department. September 1963 appointed Foreign Minister Kim. WPK Central Committee members elected in 1970. 1972 appointed Minister of International Department of CPC Central Committee. 1974 was elected alternate member of the Political Committee of the CPC Central Committee in 1978 was promoted to a member of the CPC Central Committee Political Bureau, member elected in 1980, secretary of the Bureau of the CPC. December 1983 Deputy Prime Minister and Minister of Foreign Affairs. September 1998 and September 2003 the Supreme People's twice elected chairman of the Standing Committee.) Pak Sung Chul (94 years old, the Korean Peninsula, Gyeongju-si Gyeongsangbuk-do people, September 2, 1913 students. In October 1959 of any North Korean Foreign Minister Paek Nam. October 1962 5 Ren Renmin Army Army chief, lieutenant general. 1976 April appointed Prime Minister of the Government Administration Council, April 1976 election of the WPK Central Committee, August 1991 Renzu Guo unified Democratic Front for the Speaker, in September 1998 the Supreme People's Committee appointed an honorary vice chairman of the Standing Committee.) Kim Yong-chu (Kim Il Sung younger brother, served as Labor Party Central Committee, secretary of the Board secretary, minister of the central organization and guidance, Vice President, Supreme People's Committee vice chairman of the Standing Committee reputation.) Gui Ying-tai (WPK Central Committee, in charge of the work of the secretary of the Bureau of Public Security Secretary, November 23, 2006 died at age 81.) All Bing Hao (81 years old, the Korean Workers Party Central Committee, secretary of the Bureau in charge of the work of secretary of military and defense committee, general) Hancheng Long (84 years old, of the WPK Central Committee, secretary of foreign affairs bureau in charge of secretary) Alternate member of the Political Bureau of the WPK Central Committee (7) Gold and Iron million (89 years old, North Korea is still alive is one of only a few old guerrillas, generals, and the second that the Economic Commission for Defense Industry Committee Chairman) Cuitai Fu (77 years old, the Korean Workers Party Politburo alternate member, secretary of the Board Secretary, Supreme People's Assembly Speaker) Cuiyong Lin (78 years old, the Korean Workers Party Politburo alternate member, former director of the Central Prosecutor, the incumbent secretary general of Supreme People's Assembly) Hong Song Nam (78 years old, English name: Hong Song Nam, 1929 年 October 2nd _set_ was born in North Pyongan gun. Scientific and technical experts. Served as minister of chemical industry, heavy industry minister. September 1973 Deputy Prime Minister and members of the National Planning Commission long, in October 1980 was elected the Korean Workers Party (sixth) Central Committee. November 1982 responsibility for Ping An South Road, Secretary of Labor Party, in December 1986 was elected Labor Party Central Committee, in October 1987 -1988 February appointed Deputy Prime Minister and the State Administration Council and Planning Commission chairman, vice prime minister from February 1997. February 1997 -1998 Administration Council appointed acting prime minister in August. September 5, 1998 as the Korean Prime Minister. 2003 9 he served as the outgoing Prime Minister on South Hamgyong Secretary of the party responsible.) Yang Hyong Sop (82-year-old cousin of Kim Il Sung Jin Shenshu husband, incumbent Supreme People's Assembly Standing Committee Vice Chairman) Hong Xiheng (former State Planning Commission chairman, the current North Hamgyong Provincial Party Committee Secretary) Yon (November 3, 1931 -2005 on October 22, the Korean Workers Party Central Committee Politburo alternate member, vice chairman of the DPRK National Defense Commission. December 12, 1988 -1992 term on December 11 North Korean Prime Minister . since 1968 served in the Korean Workers Party Central Committee, deputy ministers, ministers, secretaries and other staff. Since 1975, the Korean Government Administration Council, has served as deputy prime minister, first deputy prime minister and prime minister. In 1998, as the DPRK National Defense Yon Committee members, and in September 2003 was elected vice chairman of the National Defense Commission ranked second only to North Korean leader Kim Jong Il and Cho Myong Rok, first vice chairman.). PI-U7cG Central Bureau of CPC Central Committee and secretary of the WPK secretary (8) All Ping-ho (81 years of the WPK Central Committee, secretary of the Bureau in charge of the work of secretary of military and defense committee, general) Hancheng Long (84 years old, of the WPK Central Committee, secretary of foreign affairs bureau in charge of secretary) Gui Ying-tai (WPK Central Committee, in charge of the work of the secretary of the Bureau of Public Security Secretary, November 23, 2006 died at age 81.) Cuitai Fu (77 years old, the Korean Workers Party Politburo alternate member, secretary of the Board secretary, the highest People's Assembly Speaker) Jin Guotai (83 years old, the Korean founding fathers of the son of Deputy Prime Minister Jin strategy, 1924 years old in 1963 was awarded the rank of lieutenant general, as the Korean People's Army General Political Bureau deputy director, in 1992 as secretary in charge of cadres Board secretary, Kim High School as principal.): Jeong (78 years old, graduated from Kim Il Sung University in 1950, the Department of Philosophy, May 1973 term, "Rodong Sinmun", director comments, February 1990, chairman of the Central Broadcasting, August 2000 appointed Labor Party Central Committee propaganda Minister in charge of publicity following year in September to work part-time secretary of the Board Secretary) Jinzhong Lin (83 years old, in charge of trade unions, sports, science and technology bureau secretary, secretary work) Kim Ki Nam (81 years old, chairman of the Standing Committee of the Supreme People's brother, Kim Yong Nam, secretary of the bureau in charge of the work of secretary of Korea, the peaceful reunification of the Korean Committee Vice Chairman) DPRK National Defense Commission Zhaoming Lu (79 years old, first vice chairman of the DPRK National Defense Commission and the KPA General Political Bureau, sub-commander) Yon (November 3, 1931 -2005 on October 22, the Korean Workers Party Central Committee Politburo alternate member, vice chairman of the DPRK National Defense Commission. December 12, 1988 -1992 term on December 11 North Korean Prime Minister . since 1968 served in the Korean Workers Party Central Committee, deputy ministers, ministers, secretaries and other staff. Since 1975, the Korean Government Administration Council, has served as deputy prime minister, first deputy prime minister and prime minister. In 1998, as the DPRK National Defense Yon Committee members, and in September 2003 was elected vice chairman of the National Defense Commission ranked second only to North Korean leader Kim Jong Il and Cho Myong Rok, first vice chairman.) Li Yong Mao (84 years old, also known as Lee to Wu, Li Yongwu, English name: Ri Yong Mu, 1923 years old, the Korean flat Annan Road Flyover. November 1970 election of the WPK Central Committee, in February 1974 to Ren Renmin Army General Political Secretary General, in June 1974 was elected member of the Political Bureau of the WPK. Since 1977, the party's policy of ignoring the dismissal. January 1985 River Road, two appointed Vice Chairman of People's Committee, appointed in February 1989 the Ministry of Social Security Politburo Secretary (political commissar), December 1991 Chairman of Communications Committee, Political Bureau. September 1998 was elected vice chairman of the National Defense Commission, was promoted People's Army plays handsome.) Kim Yong Chun (71, English name: Kim Yong Chun, 1936 was born in Pyongyang, graduated Mangyongdae revolution. In 1986, he was elected member of the Korean Workers Party Central Committee, in April 1992 promoted to the People's Army general, any military in October 1993 Mobilization 総 Secretary in March 1994 Ren Renmin Jun 6 Army chief, was promoted in October 1995 the People's Army plays handsome, and served as Chief of Staff of the People's Army. April 2006 promoted to vice chairman of the National Defense Commission.) Kim Il-chol (74 years old, also known as Kim Yi-hyun, the English name: Kim Il Chol, 1933, was born in North Korea square Rang city people. Mangyongdae revolution, Dalian Naval Academy and graduated from college. October 1962 5 Ren Renmin Army Army chief, Lieutenant General rank. October 1980 elected members of WPK Central Committee and Central Military Committee, August 1985 was promoted General People's Army, was promoted in April 1992 People's Army generals, armed forces in April 1997 Ren Renmin the First Deputy Minister and promotion of the People's Army plays handsome, in May 1998 was elected vice chairman of the National Defense Commission and the people of force. September 2003 was elected member of the National Defense Commission.) All Bing Hao (81 years old, the Korean Workers Party Central Committee, secretary of the Bureau in charge of the work of secretary of military and defense committee, general) Cuilong Zhu (People's Security Cabinet phase, Jang for their involvement in sectarian activities as its cronies Cuilong Zhu security phase in the year as people are duly dismissed) Festival January 1 New Year's Day February 16 Kim Jong Il Flower Festival: a great leader Kim Jong Il's Birthday (1942) April 15 Sun Festival: The great leader President Kim Il Sung's Birthday (1912) May 1 International Labor Day proletariat (1890) August 15 Fatherland Liberation Day (1945) September 9th National Day (1948) Oct. 10 anniversary of the Korean Worker's Party (1945) December 27th Democratic People's Republic of socialist Constitution Day (1972) Memorial Day February 20 Machinery Festival March 5 Labor Day March 8 International Women's Day Fisherman's Day March 22 Health Day on April 5 Arbor Day April 6 April 8 Telecom Day April 25 Army Day (1932) Railway Festival May 11 May 15 Festival of geological exploration May 21 builders of the Day June 1 International Children's Day June 6 the establishment of the Korean section of the Young Pioneers June 7th section of local industry July 1st Day Miners July 7th Festival of coal workers July 8 at the death of Comrade Kim Il Sung (1994) July 27 Fatherland Liberation War Victory Day (1953) August 10 forestry workers Festival August 20th Air Force Day August 28 Youth Day Aug. 28 Navy Day September 5 Urban Management Programme Education Day on September 5 Sept. 15 Business section October 9th section of metal workers October 14 broadcasts, The second Sunday in October Sports Festival October 15 Textile Industry Day Section published Nov. 1 November 16th section land sea December 6th section chemical industry Geography Located in eastern Asia, northern China, is adjacent to the northeast border with Russia, and Japan across the sea. Average altitude of 440 meters, mountain about 80% of land area. Total length of 17,300 km coastline of the peninsula. A temperate monsoon climate, annual average temperature of 8 ~ 12 ° C, the average annual precipitation of 1000 to 1200 mm. August 15, 1948 the Republic of Korea was established. September 9, 1948, Democratic People's Republic was proclaimed. June 25, 1950, the Korean War broke out. United States, the Soviet Union and China, to varying degrees, the three countries involved in this war. July 27, 1953, the United Nations in terms of the military and the Korean Armistice Agreement signed at Panmunjom. October 1958 China's total withdrawal of the Korean People's Volunteers. In 1958, the DPRK announced the completion of the city, the socialist transformation of the rural relations of production, the establishment of a socialist economic system. Achieved in 1970, announced the socialist industrialization. September 17, 1991, together with South Korea joined the United Nations. Press Political】 【 Supreme People's Assembly is the highest organ of power, the exercise of legislative power. Supreme People's Assembly is the Supreme People's Assembly Standing Committee during the intersessional period the highest organ of state power. Supreme People's Assembly representatives are elected for a term of 5 years. National Defense Commission is the highest military leadership of national sovereignty and the overall management of the defense organs of authority, elected by the Supreme People's Assembly, the Supreme People's Assembly is responsible for a term of 5 years. By the National Defense Commission Chairman, Vice Chairman, members. Chairman of the Lord, and command of all armed forces of the country, and the overall direction of national defense work. Cabinet is the highest power of the executive authorities and the overall management of the country's authorities for a term of 5 years. 【Economy】 North Korea is well developed in agriculture, food can be basically self-sufficient. In industry, the DPRK under the leadership of the great leader Kim Il Sung, in just 14 years to complete the Western capitalist countries need 50 to 100 years to complete the process of industrialization. North Korea in the automotive, shipbuilding, steel, electronic, mechanical light industry is highly developed. Military】 【 Korean People's Army on February 8, 1948 the establishment, formerly known as April 25, 1938 in northeast China to create the Korean People's Revolutionary Army. National Defense Commission is the highest military leadership of national sovereignty and the overall management of the defense organs of authority, elected by the Supreme People's Assembly, the Supreme People's Assembly is responsible for a term of 5 years. By the National Defense Commission Chairman, Vice Chairman, members. National Defense Commission Chairman for the nation's armed forces supreme commander. Introduction of universal compulsory military service, the Army service 5 years, the Navy, Air Force 3 to 4 years. Military history Korean People's Army was founded in February 8, 1948. Military System National Defense Commission, the highest military leading organ for national defense, chairman of the nation's armed forces supreme commander. Military service system Compulsory military service. Service period: 6 to 8 years Army, Navy, 5 to 10 years, the Air Force 3 to 4 years. Conscripts to military service to 40 years old. Military expenditure Military expenditure in 2001 accounted for only 14.4% of the state financial expenditure. Total strength 105.4 million active duty troops. Army 92.3 million people. Code 20 Army (including one armored forces, 4 mechanized army, army of 12 infantry, two artillery troops, a capital defense forces), 26 mechanized infantry divisions, 15 armored brigades, 24 mechanized infantry brigades , three independent infantry brigades; a special operations forces of 8.8 million, 10 attack brigades, 14 infantry brigades, 17 reconnaissance regiment, an artillery brigade; six direct artillery brigade, a "Scud" to-surface missiles brigade, a "frog" type of ground missile brigades, 14 artillery rockets special trip. Main Battle Tank: about 3,500, mainly T-54/-55 type, T-62 type, 59 type. Light tank: about 560, mainly in PT-76 type, M-1985 type. Armored personnel carriers: 2,500, mainly STP-40/-50/-60/-152 type, Type-531 model, M-1973 type. Towed artillery: 122 mm, 130 mm, 152 mm total of 3500. Self-propelled artillery: 122 mm, 130 mm, 152 mm, 170 mm total of 4400. Rocket Launcher: 107 mm, 122 mm, 240 mm total of 2000. Mortar: 82 mm, 120 mm, 160 mm total of 7500. To-surface missiles: Type 24 frog -3/-5/-7, "Scud" C-type of about 30. SAM: SA-7/-16 Type 1 million pieces. Anti-tank missiles: AT-1 type, AT-3-type, AT-4 type, AT-5-type number of tools. Recoilless gun: 82 mm 1700. Anti-aircraft gun (machine gun): 14.5 mm, 23 mm, 37 mm, 57 mm, 85 mm, 100 mm in a total of 11,000 (very). Navy 4.6 million people, prepared with 2 Fleet Command. Submarine: Soviet-made R-22, W-class 4, small submarines 45, 21 coastal submarines. Frigate: "Rajin" level 2, "Su Wu" level 1. Corvettes: "Sariwon" level 4. Missile boats; "Western State" level 15 "Wasp" class 12, "Mosquito" level 10 "Ruixing" level 6. PT Boats: A total of 103, where "emerging" level 3, P-6 级 155, the "new pump" level 40. Patrol boats: 158, including "Hainan" class patrol boats four large, "Daqing" class large patrol boats 13, "Soman" class large patrol boats 6, "Cable" I-class coastal patrol boats 18, "Shanghai" Ⅱ class high-speed attack boats 12, "Law Island"-class gunboat three high-speed attack, about 100 fishing boats patrol boats. Minesweeper: "land Island" series 25. Amphibious landing craft: 10 vessels. Surface support ship: 7, in which two ships at sea Shi, Zhen Chachuan 1, a weather tracking ship, submarine rescue ship 3. Coastal defense force to 2-to-ship missile regiment, "Silkworm" missile base in 6; 122 mm, 130 mm, 152 mm coastal artillery several doors. Air Force 8.5 million people, compiled for the six air divisions. 607 combat aircraft. Fighters: MiG -17 Type 107, Type 159 MiG -19, MiG -21 Type 130, Type 46 MiG -23, MiG -29 Type 30, Type 18 -7 Su Su -25 Type 35. Bombers: H-5 type 82. Transport: An -2 / Ya -5 Type 282, An -24 type 6, type 2 IL -18, IL-62M Type 4, Type 2 Figure -134, -154 Type 4 Fig. Helicopter: "Hughes" 500D Type 80, Type 139 m -2, m -8/-17 type 15, type 48 Junior -5. Trainer: MiG -21 type 6, Jacques -18 type 170, FT-2 type 35, CJ-5 type 10, CJ-6 type 7. AAM: AA-2 type, AA-7-type if the cadres. SAM: SA-2 Type 300, SA-3 type 36, SA-5 type 24. Reserve force of about 350 million people, maximum age is 60 years old, and as a brigade pre-command, battalion, company, platoon, equipped with light weapons, mortars and antiaircraft guns. Troops stationed abroad In 12 African countries have sent military advisers. Army holiday Army Day April 25 Foreign】 【 North Korea has consistently pursued independence, peace and friendship, foreign policy, in full respect for the principles of equality and mutual development with other countries on the basis of the relationship. As Western countries hostile North Korea policy in an attempt to stifle the DPRK the socialist system, so between the DPRK and the most western countries have no diplomatic relations. October 9, 2006, the implementation of the DPRK nuclear test. Ministry of Foreign Affairs People's Republic of Korea conduct a nuclear test for the statement, I hope the six-party talks, all parties to exercise restraint and not take drastic action, and stands for dialogue to resolve the problem. DPRK Foreign Minister Pak Ui Chun is currently First Vice Foreign Minister Kang Sok Ju, Vice Foreign Minister Kim Yong Il Kim, etc. Relationship with China China and the DPRK are friendly neighbors since ancient times is closely related. October 6, 1949, China and the DPRK established diplomatic relations. 1950 Korean War broke out, the Chinese People's Volunteers and the Korean soldiers and civilians fought bloody battles side by side with South Korea allied forces, finally signed the armistice agreement. July 11, 1961, the two countries signed the China-DPRK friendly cooperation and mutual assistance treaty. China and the DPRK have maintained traditional friendly and cooperative relations. Of the 20th century, 90 years, to further strengthen contacts between the leaders of China-DPRK friendly and cooperative relations. March 1990, the CPC Central Committee General Secretary Jiang Zemin's visit to the DPRK. May 2000 and January 2001, the Korean Workers Party general secretary, National Defense Commission Chairman Kim Jong Il visited China twice. September 2001, Chinese President Jiang Zemin's visit to DPRK. October 2003, Wu Bangguo, chairman of a Chinese state delegation on an official goodwill visit to DPRK. April 2004, the Korean Workers Party general secretary, National Defense Commission Chairman Kim Jong Il paid an unofficial visit to China. October 2005, Hu Jintao, general secretary of the WPK General Secretary Kim Jong Il calling to congratulate the 60th anniversary of the Korean Workers Party (full text). October 2005, the CPC Central Committee General Secretary and State President Hu Jintao to the DPRK on an official goodwill visit. January 2006, the Korean Workers Party General Secretary Kim Jong Il an informal visit to China. Kim Jong Il will visit China. Pyongyang as the torch relay outside China, 19 cities, on April 28, 2008 host the Olympic torch relay. This will be the first time North Korea Olympic torch relay activities. Beijing Olympic torch pass in the North Korean capital Pyongyang began, this is the Olympic Flame, "Journey of Harmony" to pass outside the eighteenth station. DPRK's foreign top leaders of the Supreme People's Assembly, General Kim Yong Nam, chairman of the Standing Committee, attended the launching ceremony today's torch relay. Pyongyang sunny today, about 400,000 local people along the relay for the Beijing Olympic torch cheered. There are about 400 artists took part in the Relay along the show. Supreme People's Assembly, Kim Yong Nam, chairman of the Standing Committee will attend the Beijing Olympics. List of important visits between the leaders of China and the DPRK 1, North Korean leader to visit China At that time the nature of the name as the access time to access Prime Minister Kim Il Sung, an official visit to 1953.11.10-11.27 Prime Minister Kim Il Sung visit 1954.9.28-10.5 Prime Minister Kim Il Sung visit 1958.11.21-11.28 Prime Minister Kim Il Sung visit 1959.9.25-10.3 Prime Minister Kim Il Sung visit 1961.7.10-7.15 Choi Yong-Jian, chairman of an official visit to 1969.9.30-1 Foreign Minister official visit 1973.2.9-2.14 Xu-yan President Kim Il Sung visit 1975.4.18-4.26 Lizhong Yu 1981.1.10-1.14 official visit to the Prime Minister 1982.9.16-9.25 state visit President Kim Il Sung Informal visit 1983.6.2-6.12 Secretary Kim Jong Il Deputy Prime Minister and Foreign Minister Kim Yong Nam, an official visit to 1984.2.7-2.14 Official visit to the Prime Minister Kang Song San 1984.8.5-8.10 Informal visit 1984.11.26-11.28 President Kim Il Sung 1987.5.21-5.25 official visit to President Kim Il Sung Lee, Prime Minister of an official visit to 1987.11.9-11.14 mode Deputy Prime Minister and Foreign Minister Kim Yong Nam, an official visit to 1988.11.3-11.7 Kim Il Sung, General Secretary of informal visit 1989.11.5-11.7 Prime Minister Yon official visit 1990.11.23-11.28 1991.10.4-10.13 official visit to President Kim Il Sung Kim's official visit to 1999.6.3-6.7 Official visit to Foreign Minister Paek Nam-sun 2000.3.18-3.22 General Secretary Kim Jong Il informal visit 2000.5.29-5.31 General Secretary Kim Jong Il informal visit 2001.1.15 -1.20 Kim Yun-Hyuk Secretary-General of Supreme People's Assembly visit 2001.7.10-7.14 Supreme People's Assembly Yang Hyong Sop, vice chairman of the Standing Committee official visit 2002.10.15-19 General Secretary Kim Jong Il informal visit 2004.4.19-4.21 Kim Yong Nam, chairman of the Standing Committee of the Supreme People's official visit to 2004.10.18-10.20 Premier Pak Pong Ju official visit 2005.3.22-3.27 Ro Tu Chol, vice premier of the Cabinet official visit 2005.12.24-12.27 General Secretary Kim Jong Il informal visit 2006.01.10-01.18 2, the Chinese leader's visit At that time the nature of the name as the access time to access Premier Zhou Enlai visit 1958.2.14-2.21 President Liu Shaoqi visit 1963.9.15-9.27 Premier Zhou Enlai official visit 1970.4.5-4.7 Foreign Minister Ji Pengfei visit 1972.12.22-12.25 Party Chairman Hua Guofeng, the Prime Minister official visit 1978.5.5-5.10 Party Vice Chairman Deng Xiaoping, Deputy Prime Minister visit to 1978.9.8-9.13 Prime Minister Zhao Ziyang official visit 1981.12.20-12.24 Party Chairman Hu Yaobang, Deng Xiaoping, vice chairman of the party unofficial visit 1982.4.26-4.30 Foreign Minister Wu Xueqian official visit 1983.5.20-5.25 General Secretary Hu Yaobang, an official visit to 1984.5.4-5.11 Total recorded an unofficial visit 1985.5.4-5.6 Hu President Li Xiannian visit 1986.10.3-10.6 President Yang Shangkun visit 1988.9.7-9.11 General Secretary Zhao Ziyang official visit 1989.4.24-4.29 General Secretary Jiang Zemin's official visit to 1990.3.14-3.16 Premier Li Peng, an official visit to 1991.5.3-5.6 State Councilor and Foreign Minister Qian Qichen official visit 1991.6.17-6.20 President Yang Shangkun official visit 1992.4.12-4.17 Hu Jintao, member of the Secretariat, the Chinese party and government delegation 1993.7.26-7.29 Luo Gan, State Councilor and State Council Secretary General, the Chinese party and government delegation 1996.7.10-7.13 Foreign Minister Tang Jiaxuan visit 1999.10.5-10.9 Chi CMC Vice Chairman, State Councilor and Defense Minister, China's senior military delegation 2000.10.22-10.26 National People's Congress Vice Chairman Jiang Chunyun, the Chinese delegation 2001.7.9-7.13 General Secretary Jiang Zemin, President official visit 2001.9.3 - 9.5 CPC Central Committee Jia Qinglin, secretary of Beijing Municipal CPC delegation 2002.5.6-5.10 Li Changchun, Politburo Standing Committee of the official visit 2004.9.10-9.13 State Councilor Tang Jiaxuan, special envoy of President Hu Jintao 2005.7.12-7.14 Vice Premier Wu Yi, an official government delegation to visit 2005.10.8-10.11 General Secretary Hu Jintao, President official visit 2005.10.28-10.30 Secretary of the CPC Central Committee Liu Yunshan Propaganda Department visit 2007.10.29-30 Foreign Minister Yang Jiechi official Access 2007 年 2 to 3 July Vice President Xi Jinping official visit 2008 年 17 June to 19 June Joseon Dynasty That North Korea / South Korea in the history of the "Korean dynasty", also known as "Lee Korea." 1392, "Koryo Dynasty," Armed Forces have made the abolition of the pro Lichenggui Koryo dynasty, the Mongol Empire thirty-fourth generation of the king, in order to win the support of the Ming Dynasty, sent envoys to the Ming Dynasty Lichenggui concede defeat. China's Ming emperor Zhu Yuan (Tai Zu) take "Asahi clear" meaning, thanks to the country, "North Korea", known as "the Joseon Dynasty." Ancient Korea Times That North Korea / South Korea in the history of ancient Korean era, including Jizi Korea, North Korea's health Ji Zi Korea, China, the local government pre-Qin era of Northeast; Wei's Korean, Han Chinese local government. "Ji Zi North Korea" and "Guardian's North Korea," although there was, but the two additional names are called descendants. Attachment: Migration of ethnic Han Koreans had not cross-national, Koreans migrating to China two times. First, in 1996, a large number of immigrant Korean citizens in China, the Korean Peninsula and China's economic ties and cultural exchanges. Second, the modern period, because the Japanese imperialist aggression, many Koreans migrated to escape the war in northeast China border. |
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