hūnyīn
释义：
(1) [marriage]∶嫁娶的事。嫁和娶都是对男和女结合在一起共同生活这么一种社会现象的表述，嫁是从女方说的，娶是从男方说的，有嫁必有娶，有娶必有嫁，嫁和娶同时存在，从二者的词义上来讲，并没有男和女哪一方处于从属地位的涵义。
(2) [matrimony]∶男人和女人结为夫妻；已结婚的状态。
婚姻的由来：
婚姻，古时又称'昏姻'或'昏因'。一般而言，婚姻一词的起源有三种说法：汉朝的郑玄说，婚姻指的是嫁娶之礼。在我国古代的婚礼中，男方通常在黄昏时到女家迎亲，而女方随着男方出门，这种'男以昏时迎女，女因男而来'的习俗，就是'昏''因'一词的起源。换句话说，婚姻是指男娶女嫁的过程。
世界主要国家法定结婚年龄
中国法定结婚年龄男22周岁，女20周岁。之后就算晚婚
世界主要国家法定结婚年龄附经济学分析
世界主要国家法定结婚年龄如下：伊朗法定结婚年龄9岁；荷兰法定结婚年龄12岁；俄罗斯法定结婚年龄14岁；法国法定结婚年龄15岁；菲律宾法定结婚年龄16岁；韩国法定结婚年龄16岁；日本男18岁、女16岁；巴西16岁；中国香港16岁；中国台湾16岁；美国各州不一，部分州规定，如双方未满成年人年龄，须经父母同意方可结婚，有的州规定男子不满18岁、女子不满16岁者，即使父母同意也不能结婚。爱达荷、密西西比、新泽西和华盛顿等州则允许年满14岁的男孩、年满12岁的女孩结婚
人类婚姻史
追溯到原始时代，就有了所谓的婚姻，这是一种群居高等生命的本能属性，自然法则会用异性相吸的力量，使哺乳类生命繁衍生息。人类的婚姻存在形式以及结合方式，受人类社会环境的影响。不同时代和地区的社会环境，造就了多样的婚姻模式，以及结合方式。科学的意义上看，如果没有婚姻，很多血统就会出现混乱，不利于人们的优良繁衍。
原始人类并不需要婚姻，这跟今天的灵长动物是一样的，不必细说。后来有了氏族社会，采用的是集体群婚制，即一个氏族的男性或女性集体嫁到另一个氏族。这也是在进化过程中为了族群繁衍和防止乱伦导致族群退化而形成的一个习俗。再后来进入了私有制社会，才有了一对一或一对数的固定的夫妻关系，于是就产生了婚姻制度。
值得指出的是，由于婚姻产生于私有制，所以它一直与人的财产关系密切相关。由于男子是私有制社会的主体，所以女子一直被看作男子的财产，于是多数古代社会是一夫多妻制。而且抢婚、买卖妻妾等现象也源于此。由于私有制的财产由于血缘关系中的男性继承，为了保证血缘的纯净，就有了“处女情结”和对女子性行为的严格约束。
当出现了部落和国家等社会组织之后，婚姻又成了一种政治筹码。从部族的通婚，到国家统治者之间的“联姻”，都是试图通过婚姻来达到政治目的。直到今天，婚姻仍被富豪家庭用于结盟和理顺财产继承关系。
至于在自然小农经济社会中，婚姻则是一种劳动的分工组合，即所谓“男耕女织”，“男主外女主内”。而在现代社会中的老百姓，婚姻则是为了组成一个家庭，在满足人的正常生活需要的同时，承担为家族和社会养育后代的责任和义务，也是人的一种归宿。
综合看来，婚姻是自然的法则，违背这一法则的人，会给自己带来一些烦恼。人类的婚姻发展史大约经历了这样几个阶段：杂乱性交时期、群婚（血缘群婚、族外群婚）、对偶婚、一夫一妻制。
杂乱性交
杂乱性交时期人群杂居，采集植物，食用鱼虾和动物。上帝尚未将人逐出伊甸园，人还未吃善恶果，无羞耻之心，父母兄弟姐妹杂处性交，毫无现代人的“乱伦” 观念。在中国神话中，伏羲和女娲乃是兄妹相交合；在古希腊神话中，宙斯和赫拉也是兄妹为夫妇，大地之母该亚生了众多子女，又以自己的儿子为新夫；在《圣经》里，甚至在耶和华确立了男性中心地位之后，还能读到关于索多玛俄摩拉被毁灭后，所留的罗得和两个女儿，为了传递后裔，女儿灌醉了父亲与之同寝的故事，这也是原始的杂乱性交的记忆。
杂乱性交是为了繁衍后代，最终必定形成，只知其母不知有父的以母亲为主的社会关系。正如蚂蚁和蜜蜂的世界，是“母后”的统治。中国古代圣人的出身，往往是母亲踩了神迹、吞了大星，或者与神物交合而生，不知有父。但是以母亲为主的社会关系，与生产力的发展形成矛盾。当社会进入更高的阶段，狩猎和捕鱼业日渐发达，男人在生产劳动中，力量的优势不断体现，这就伴随着对地位的需求。
群婚及对偶婚
男人的力量优势开始挑战母亲的权威，同时也挑战父亲的权威，这必定在性的分配上有了冲突，而大冲突，争夺性伴侣，甚至会导致群体灭亡。人类学家发现十几万年前，欧洲有一个被称为尼德特人的种族，根据骨骼化石表明，其身材高大，体魄强健，后却神秘消失。是否就是在这样的内部争斗中相互残杀而亡的呢？一方面是生存的本能和性的本能促使力量强大者要获得权利和地位，从而瓦解现有的族群；一方面则是人类的发展要求维持稳定的群体。怎么办？苏联史学家谢苗诺夫《婚姻和家庭的起源》认为，原始人依靠“性禁忌”来维持相对时间的稳定。“性禁忌”要求在狩猎时期或者捕鱼时期，禁止任何的性交活动，甚至禁止接触与女人有关的东西，否则就被认为是触犯神明，乃是死罪。因为狩猎和捕鱼的活动，关系族群的生存，这时候如出现因为性的争夺引发的内乱，势必导致族群的覆亡。
但是，随着狩猎和捕鱼时期不断延长，“性禁忌”也越来越频繁，这不能解决问题，必须有新的限制。恩格斯认为，人类最古老的家庭形式是群婚，他将群婚阶段分解为：一、血缘家庭，即仅仅排斥祖先和子孙之间、双亲和子女之间互为夫妻，其他兄弟姐妹皆可。二是，普那路亚家庭，即同胞（母方的）姐妹和兄弟间，不可性交。他没说明为什么要有这样的限制。至于限制嫡亲间的通婚是为了保证后代质量的说法也被证明是不科学的。而谢苗诺夫所说的，为了避免内部的混乱和冲突的提法是可认同的：第一种形式，为了防止犯上作乱；第二种，是维持成年雄性的相互宽容，消除嫉妒。
普那路亚家庭形式，必定会使得族群分化为一些氏族。在同一个氏族中，姐妹与兄弟之间，不可通婚。这就开始了不同氏族之间的通婚，进入了族外的群婚阶段。一群男人，共同地与另一氏族的一群女人通婚，反之也是。族外婚，维持了本氏族的和谐，消灭了嫉妒，发展了族群。族外群婚发展到新阶段，就是对偶婚，即，一个男子以一群女子为妻子，其中有个主妻；反之，一个女子也有一群男子为夫，其中有主夫。现代中国云南摩梭人在正常的一夫一妻制下，还维持“走婚”的形式，其实就是对偶婚的残留形态。
但是，随着男性在生产活动中的地位越来越高，必定要挑战母权，久而久之，女人从属于男人，成为了男人的财产。
一夫一妻制
父权的确立，财产的私有化，为了保证后代子息能够继承父亲的财产，要求子息血脉的纯洁性，同时孩子须确认父亲的身份。这就意味着对偶婚中，将以一夫多妻的形式保存下来；也对女子的贞洁性提出了要求。而血脉的正统性要求，即便是一夫多妻制，也需有个主妻，像亚伯拉罕的妻子撒拉，为了让儿子以撒继承财产，将使女夏甲及其孩子赶走。而一夫一妻制的家庭，是这种要求的最终结果。
所以恩格斯说，一夫一妻制是不以自然条件为基础的，而以经济条件为基础的，是私有制对原始公有制的胜利。家庭就是一个经济结合体，女人是男人的从属物，是财产。因而，不存在婚姻的离异性。但是，现代的婚姻家庭，要求以爱情为基础，而男女的独立，尤其是经济的独立，消解了经济结合体是必需的形式，女性也不再从属于男性，而同时，爱情也并不一定能够持续。这就是为什么现代家庭离异现象日趋严重。那么，这是否意味着，应该解体一夫一妻制，寻求以爱情或性本能维持的婚姻关系呢？值得讨论。
婚姻在法学上的概念
作为婚姻法调整对象、婚姻法学研究对象的“婚姻”，必须有一个明确的法学概念。婚姻的法学概念应当与民法学中的民事行为概念相对应，并能在婚姻法学体系中始终如一。它应涵盖以下三层含义：以男女两性结合为基础；以共同生活为目的；具有夫妻身份的公示性。它应包括各种合法婚姻和违法婚姻，能将其与婚前性行为、纳妾、姘居、非婚同居等现象区分开来，而应避免和结婚、婚姻关系等法学概念混为一谈。
以男女两性结合为基础
这是婚姻的自然层次上的含义。男女两性的生理差别、人类固有的性本能，是婚姻赖以形成的自然因素，也是婚姻固有的自然属性，这种自然属性是婚姻关系区别于其他社会关系的重要特征，如果没有上述种种自然因素，人类社会根本就不可能出现婚姻。
纵观整个婚姻发展史，婚姻都是以男女两性的结合为内涵。恩格斯在《家庭、私有制和国家的起源》一文中，不仅研究了婚姻的起源和发展，而且对未来社会的婚姻进行了推想。蒙昧时代、野蛮时代的群婚制、对偶婚制下的婚姻是异性之间的结合，与文明时代相适应的以通奸和卖淫为补充的一夫一妻制，从名称本身就说明了它是男女两性之间的结合。从恩格斯对一夫一妻制起源的分析，更可以看出它必然要求异性结为婚姻。 “一夫一妻制不以自然条件为基础，而以经济条件。
以共同生活为目的
婚姻的目的是什么？不同的国家，不同的历史时期，有不同的表述。我国古代一直以“上以事宗庙，下以继后世”为婚姻的目的；基督教婚姻，结婚的目的在于子女的生养教育以及夫妻间的互相扶养和性要求的慰藉；近现代各国的法律也对婚姻的目的做了种种规定。这些“目的”虽然纷繁复杂，但透过这些表面的目的，我们可以发现它们有一点是共同的，那就是它们都强调结为婚姻的男女双方必须“共同生活”。这既是婚姻对当事人主观心理状态的要求，也是一直为人们所追求的婚姻在理想层次的含义。
所谓“共同生活”，是指居住在一起，成为同一个家庭的成员，处在同一个生活消费共同体中。一般情况下，还包括夫妻之间的性生活和夫妻间的互敬互爱。史尚宽先生认为，“共同生活”一般为“精神的生活共同（互相亲爱、精神的结合）、性的生活共同（肉的结合）及经济的生活共同（家计共有），”这是对“共同生活”全部内容的概括。
具有夫妻身份的公示性
夫妻身份的公示性，是婚姻的现象层次上的含义。它要求婚姻双方当事人应具有公开的夫妻身份。婚姻概念的这一层含义，包含两方面的内容。
第一，男女双方必须以夫妻名义同居生活，周围群众也认为他们是夫妻。
也就是说，男女双方既要具有夫妻生活的内在内容，在外部形式上还应有公众所承认的夫妻身份。婚前性行为、纳妾、姘居、非婚同居等现象的存在，要求婚姻法学建立相应的法学名词。而要把这些法学名词和婚姻的概念区分开来，就必然要求婚姻的概念以“夫妻身份的公示性”为内涵。
第二，夫妻身份只要为公众认可，不需要具有合法性。
婚姻法学界普遍认为，“合法”是婚姻概念的必要内涵。这与婚姻法学中有关婚姻种类的理论相矛盾，与我国法律法规的内容也不吻合；既不利于从整个历史发展过程来研究婚姻制度，也不利于从世界范围来研究婚姻制度；而且与我国目前的婚姻状况也不相称。在法律法规和婚姻法学典籍中，涉及各种婚姻：包办婚姻，是指第三者（包括父母）违反婚姻自主的原则，包办强迫他人婚姻的行为；买卖婚姻，是指第三者（包括父母）以索取大量财物为目的，包办强迫他人婚姻的行为（参见1992年2月2日《最高人民法院关于贯彻执行民事政策法律的意见》）；事实婚姻“是指男女双方未经结婚登记即以夫妻名义同居生活，而群众也认为是夫妻关系的结合”；无效婚姻，“是指违反婚姻成立要件的违法婚姻”。上述种种婚姻，都不合法，但在我们的立法、法律解释和法学研究中，都视它们为婚姻。因此，我们在界定婚姻概念时只应确定具有夫妻身份的公示性，而不需要具有合法性。
婚姻的个人需求
1.婚姻生活满足个人需求
个人需求是人们行为的基础与推动力，这些需求必须获得满足，下列的需求在婚姻家庭生活中尤其重要：
⑴爱——在婚姻中最重要，最先满足的应是爱情的渴求，婚姻中的爱也应包含着诚实、责任心和给予的态度，及柔和的适应能力。
⑵安全感——女人比男人更需要，换句话说，她更依赖男人，道德操守与经济能力也是安全感的一部分。
⑶自信——每个人都需要别人的认可，赞美或平等待遇，夫妻间更有此需要。婚姻生活中彼此鼓励，增加对方自信，才是正路。
⑷生育——正常的婚姻也满足彼此性欲的需求，生儿育女更是自然的发展，完全拒绝生育定会导致婚姻生活的裂痕。
⑸家庭权威——家庭中权威职责分明。儿童在家庭中学会接受权威，才能长大后在社会上尊重法律及权威。
2.细心灌溉婚姻的花圃
⑴对于破坏夫妻关系的事，应保持警觉，避免刺伤的误言或无谓的争吵。
⑵平时多结交对家庭生活有帮助的朋友，多交换对家庭生活的各种意见。
⑶夫妻两人也需不时的检讨婚姻生活，寻求改善。
⑷冲突、吵架、冷战是无法避免的，因为每个人都有感情冲动，要紧的是把每次冲突化为成长经验，学着开放个人的心胸，面对现实。惟有爱和为对方着想，才能化解一切。
婚姻家庭就是爱情的花圃，花圃要有足够的空间来成长，有计划的栽种，有时要翻土，有时要施肥，有时要移植，有时要铲除。种花要看季节，季节不同，开的花也不同，婚姻生活也有四季的变化，每个季节有不同的困难与危险，而危险的意思，不正说明“危机中的危机”吗？所以对爱情小花要细心灌溉，如果让它同野草一起长，必会被捣乱死，任它受风吹日晒，不会长好，惟有努力的灌溉，充分的准备，耐心的等待，早晚劳苦才会有成果。
3.四个婚姻危险期
第一个危险期：
孩子出生时夫妻两人的压力骤然加大，原来的嬉戏和娱乐大大减少，性生活质量下降。孩子到来所产生的“三角”关系，改变了原来的“两人世界”，夫妻对婚姻同时感到紧张、困惑、茫然。
第二个危险期：
婚后四至五年这时期夫妻容易觉得生活平淡乏味。丈夫工作了多年，却见不到什么光明前途，更加懒于做家务；妻子既要工作又要照顾孩子，忙得不可开交，夫妻都没有闲情卿卿我我，这时候他们有可能另觅知音。有位社会学家调查了七十位与有妇之夫有染的女性，发现这些婚外情多半始于单纯的友谊。当丈夫或妻子把本应说给对方听的知心话向别人倾诉时，夫妻双方都难辞其咎。
第三个危险期：
婚后七年左右社会学家的调查发现，夫妻在婚后第六至十年之间，对婚姻的满足程度降至最低点。而实际上，离婚发生率也在婚后第七至十年形成高峰。这时候，夫妻双方应以最大的忍耐，最多的关怀来帮助对方，以保证婚姻的质量。
第四个危险期：
婚后二十年左右这时候，男女双方身体状况逐渐发生变化。妻子进入更年期往往烦躁不安，担心自己魅力全失，丈夫则为日渐衰老而忧心忡忡———精力不再充沛，才思不再敏捷，打篮球打不过儿子，提升全然无望。此时他正需要理解和安慰，而妻子也恰恰有同样要求。如果夫妻不能彼此给予，那他（她）就可能到其他异性那里去寻觅。
结婚纪念日
结婚周年一般有以下的称呼：
一年：纸婚
二年：布婚
三年：皮婚
四年：丝婚/绢婚
五年：木婚
六年：铁婚
七年：铜婚/毛婚
八年：电器婚/青铜婚
九年：陶器婚
十年：锡婚
十五年：水晶婚
二十年：瓷婚
二十五年：银婚
三十年：珍珠婚
三十五年：珊瑚婚/翡翠婚
四十年：红宝石婚
四十五年：蓝宝石婚
五十年：金婚
五十五年：翠玉婚/绿宝石婚
六十年：钻石婚
七十年：白金婚
中国古代婚姻
古代成婚的年龄，各朝代并不相同。春秋时期，男子20加冠，女子16及笄，即可结婚；又谓“男30而娶，女20而嫁”，是为不失时。《汉书·惠帝纪》中就明文记载：“女子年十五以上至三十不嫁，五算。”“五算”就是罚她缴纳五倍的赋税。其实，中国古代早婚的现象也很严重，宋代曾有“凡男年15，女年13，并听婚嫁”的规定。《后汉书·班昭传》中就记载：班昭“年十有四，执箕帚于曹氏”。《汉书·上官皇后传》中甚至有“月余遂立为皇后，年甫六岁”的记载。但一般都是在20岁前后。
古时男家去女家迎亲时，均在夜间。《仪礼·士昏礼》谓：“昏礼下达。”郑玄注曰：“士娶妻之礼，以昏为期，因而名焉。阳往而阴来，日入三商为昏。”并且，“主人爵弁、 裳、缁，从者毕玄端，乘墨车，从车二乘，执烛前马”。亦即迎亲的人均穿黑衣，车马也用黑色。此俗与后世以白天迎亲、穿红色服饰的婚俗，迥然不同。自唐代开始，始将迎亲的时间改为早晨。据唐·段成式的《酉阳杂俎》记载：“礼，婚礼必用昏，以其阳往而阴来也。今行礼于晓。”晓即拂晓。此后相沿至今。
古代对刚入门新妇的姿态也很有讲究。据《吕氏春秋》记载：“惠子出，白圭告人曰：‘人有新娶妇者，妇至，宜安矜烟视媚行。’”所谓“安矜烟视媚行”，尚秉和注曰：“安矜烟视媚行，形容新妇之状态，可谓入微矣。然可意会，难以言诠。安者，从容；矜者，谨慎；烟视者，眼波流动不直睨；媚行者，动止羞缩柔媚安徐也。是皆新妇初入门之状态，反是则失身份。”
汉代结婚时，均以青布幔搭成帐篷，用以举行交拜之礼。《世说新语·假谲》篇记载：“魏武少时，尝与袁绍好为游侠。观人新婚，因潜入主人园中，夜叫呼云：‘有偷儿贼！’青庐中人皆出观。魏武乃入，抽刃劫新妇。”这种在青庐中成婚的习俗，一直沿续到清代，蒲松龄的《聊斋志异》中就多处提到。
又据史料记载，两汉之际，已经有了贺婚的习俗和新婚之夜听房的习俗。据《汉书·宣帝纪》记载：“五凤二年诏曰：‘夫婚姻之礼，人伦之大者也。酒食之会，所以行礼乐也。今郡国二千石或擅为苛禁，禁民嫁娶不得具酒食相贺召，由是废乡党之礼，令民无所乐，非所以导民也。”汉宣帝这一诏书的目的，就在于提倡老百姓在婚礼上设酒宴庆贺。又据《汉书·袁隗妻传》记载：袁隗与妻子进入洞房后，夫妻俩在说悄悄话：
隗又曰：“弟先兄举，世以为笑。令处姊未适，先行可乎？”对曰：“妾姊高行殊邈，未遭良匹，不似鄙薄，苟然而已。”又问曰：“南郡君学穷道奥，文为词宗，而所在之职，辄以货财为损，何邪？”对曰：“孔子大圣，不免武叔之毁；子路至贤，犹有伯寮之。家君获此，固其宜耳。”隗默然不能屈。帐外听者为惭。
可证汉代已有听房的习俗。
另外，古代婚俗中与后世不同的一个习俗是：古代妇女都不忌讳再嫁，并且从周朝至北宋一直如此。据《礼·檀弓》记载：孔子的儿子伯鱼死后，“其妻嫁于卫”又载：“子思之母死于卫，赴于子思，子思哭于庙。门人至曰：‘庶氏之母死，何为哭于孔氏之庙乎？’子思曰：‘吾过矣！吾过矣！’乃哭于他室。”可见，圣人后代的子妇也不免于再嫁。而魏晋、唐宋时名门之女再嫁之事，也屡见不鲜。《三国志·吴志·步夫人传》中记载：步夫人“生二女，长曰鲁班，字大虎，前配周瑜子循，后配全琮；少曰鲁育，字小虎，前配朱据，后配刘纂。”尚秉和《历代社会风俗事物考》引《随园随笔》谓：“唐时公主再嫁者二十三，三嫁者四。”并且，当时不论是前夫见到后夫，或是后夫见到前夫，均不用回避。宋代诗人陆游与前妻唐琬离婚后，有一次游沈园，巧遇唐琬及其后夫赵士程，唐、赵还将酒菜送给陆游，结果感动得陆游当场在墙上写了一篇《钗头凤》词。（事见《癸辛杂识》）可见，唐宋时妇女改嫁还是很正常的事情。直到明清时期，妇女改嫁方为礼教所不容，因此有了守节、牌坊之说。
未来中国婚姻十大变化趋势
家庭结构小型化
理念：每家3至4人。
婚姻的期望随着小康生活的来临而变化，比如对收入的多少，对家务的投入，是否生育不再受到格外重视。双方更注重的是：保持亲热，遵守婚姻协议，互相谅解，创造舒坦、静逸的安乐窝。
晚婚晚育人数增加
理念：单身不婚者增加，自愿不育者有上升趋势。
传统“男主外，女主内”的观念，要套用在现代人身上，其实很难，甚至已经被完全推翻。现代女性因为教育程度提高，工作经验丰富，加上信息大量吸收以及媒体的两性议题报导，让女性有“女人也能有自己的天地”的观念，所以对爱情的自主权提高之后，择偶以及结婚要考虑的事情就愈多。
有首打油诗是这么说的，男人在三十岁左右看女人，是看学历；男人在三十岁以后看女人，是看经历；男人在四十岁以后看女人，是看病历。其实这样的男人女人都很可悲，一个只是会“看”，一个也只是“被看”，最后都不会有什么结果。
所以，建议年纪大的男人，不要要求太多，因为最后还是只能娶一个太太，停下脚步，多给自己一点机会，并且同女性多相处，不要只是“看”，要身体力行去追寻自己的幸福；年纪大的女性，曾经错过没关系，当下还是为时不晚的。就算那些男人都比较喜欢年纪轻的女生，我们还是要努力追求自己的幸福。如果可以不结婚，能够在其它方面找到寄托，其实作个“单身女郎”也是不错的。
性教育更科学普遍
理念：年轻人因好奇心导致的轻率性体验减少，对婚前性行为更加慎重。
择偶重情趣轻经济
理念：择偶更注重情趣相投，经济条件重要性降低。男女青年更希望对方与自己同属一个社会阶层。
女青年心目中的理想伴侣，是富有幽默感，懂得尊重人，生活充满乐趣，而经济条件、家庭背景的影响将淡化。
追求婚姻质量
理念：婚姻质量成为人们追求的目标。
多数家庭不再凑合，婚姻调适能力的提高，将使家庭生活更丰富、新鲜、幸福。婚姻中男女更加平等，家庭暴力减少，丈夫与妻子共同承担家庭义务。
有人这样评价婚姻中激情和平静的关系——每一段爱情的能量都是注定的，爱的愈激烈，消耗的能量也愈快，如同火焰，漫天绚烂之后，片刻就成为灰烬。而恬淡从容竟能维系一生。也许越是平淡的婚姻，爱情的质量越高。
理财向AA制过渡
理念：家庭理财方式将由一人为主向AA制过渡。婚前财产公证，婚后夫妇双方在银行开设账户，独立进行经济核算。按婚姻协议，夫妻各自承担自己在家庭生活中的经济义务。
所谓夫妻AA制，是指一种新的家庭经济承担模式。它大致有两种形式：一种是每月各交一部分钱作为“家庭公款”，以支付房租水电费等共同家庭支出，其余各自料理；另一种是请客、购物、打车等费用都自理，只在买房、投资之类大项目上夫妻俩平均负担。近来，不少年轻夫妇将AA制引入到家庭生活中——“亲爱的，让我们AA制”，渐成一句流行语。
家务矛盾减少
理念：家务劳动强度降低，夫妻因家务劳动导致的矛盾减少。家务劳动将社会化，家用电器普及化缩短家务时间。
理智离婚增多
理念：协议离婚、试离婚成为理智分手的首选方式，但离婚率仍会呈上升态势。
知识、文化水平越高的人，情感丰富的人，对爱情要求就越高越多。但离婚者所承受的社会压力，将会相应减少。
试离婚的好处在于可以让双方不会在冲动的情况下做出后悔的决定，在现实面前，两个人都会客观主动地重新检查自己，体味对方的长处，检讨自己的不足，最后的抉择是理性的。假如试离婚过程当中，真的发现自己的婚姻已经无爱、无性、无益，并且状况不能被改善，那么试离婚也是给自己的缓冲期，当你告别这段婚姻时，你也会让自己有一个平和的心态，适时放弃，给自己一个重新选择的机会。
理性对待婚外恋
理念：社会对婚外恋继续保持理性态度。
人们对婚姻的责任感更多的来自于自我认识、自我约束、自我修正，而不是迫于外在压力。人们要求婚姻的质量和情感，要求夫妻之间的权利和享受，有了更多选择的自由和自主意识。
在婚外恋像频频上涨的物价一样的时代，我们要学会以我们的冷静和成熟的心理去承受，去面对，要知道，婚外恋，是挡不住的诱惑，但家却是避风的港湾。
婚姻自由度增加
理念：婚姻不再是从众行为，结婚与否是个人经过深思熟虑的选择，单身不婚、“丁克家庭”等生活方式可能成为多样化选择的内容。
“丁克”一词为英文Doubleincomeandnokids的缩写DINK，意即双收入、无子女的家庭结构。如今丁克家庭如雨后春笋般成倍增长，尤其是北京、上海这种超级都市里。最近，一则短消息引起了我的注意，去年我国的丁克夫妇已突破了一百万对。
世界各地婚俗
早期非洲裔美国人：跳扫帚在美国的黑奴时代，黑人男女是不允许正式结婚生活在一起的。为了向世人宣布他们的爱情和婚约，一对黑人男女和着鼓声的节奏，一起跳过一把扫帚。（扫帚对各种非洲人长期来都具有很重要的意义，因为它意味着新婚夫妇组成家庭的开始。在南部非洲，新娘在婚后的第一天要帮助夫家的其他女性清扫院子，以此表明在住进自己的新家前，她愿意尽职地帮助丈夫的家人承担家务劳动。）直至今日，一些美国黑人还在他们的婚礼上举行这种象征性的仪式。
亚美尼亚：人们放飞两只白鸽，以示爱情和幸福。新娘穿着红色丝绸的服装，头戴饰有羽毛的纸翼。人们还可向新娘投掷硬币。
比利时：新娘可以将其姓名绣在手帕上，在婚礼举行日随身带上它。婚礼后将手帕装入镜框保存，直到家里的另外一个姑娘结婚。
百慕大：百慕大岛民在他们的多层婚礼蛋糕的顶层插上一株小树苗，新婚夫妇要将这株树苗种在家中，这样他们可以目睹树苗伴随着他们的婚姻一起长大。
波黑人：新郎向新娘赠送一串念珠，一本祈祷文，一根上面串着三把钥匙的腰带（用以保护她的贞洁），一顶毛皮帽，一个银的结婚戒指。新娘则向新郎赠送一件用金线和彩色丝绸缝制的衬衣和结婚戒指。婚礼前，伴郎将新郎裹进新娘的斗篷里，以防恶魔侵入，拆散他们相爱的心。
加勒比地区：在巴巴多斯，格林纳达和圣卢西亚，用干果和朗姆酒制作的味道浓郁的蛋糕十分常见。蛋糕的制作方法，由母亲亲手传给女儿，并且各自对其加以修饰。人们把这种蛋糕叫作“一磅”蛋糕，因为制作这种蛋糕需要面粉、棕糖、黄油、糖霜樱桃、葡萄干、李子、红醋栗各一磅，加上一打鸡蛋和调味品。制作蛋糕的干果要在朗姆酒中浸泡并在瓦罐中保存两个星期至6个月。
克罗地亚：由已婚的女性亲戚摘下新娘的面纱，换上一块头巾和一条围裙，意味着新娘的已婚新身份。然后由所有的已婚妇女为新娘唱小夜曲。婚礼之后，所有来宾围绕着井走三圈（象征着圣三位一体），并向井中扔苹果（象征着生育）。
捷克共和国：朋友们溜进新娘的院子去种一棵树，然后再用彩带和彩绘的蛋壳将树加以装饰。传说新娘将与这树活得一样长。乡村的新娘还保留着佩带迷迭香花环的古老习俗，以表怀念之情。花环是在婚礼前夕由新娘的朋友编织而成，它象征着智慧、爱情和忠诚。
埃及：在埃及，由新郎的家人，而不是新郎本人，向新娘求婚。许多婚姻还是父母之命，媒妁之言。Zaffa，也就是婚礼，其实是一个充满音乐的列队游行，有鼓、风笛、号角及肚皮舞，男人们手持火红的剑。这个仪式宣告，婚姻即将开始。
英格兰：按照传统，乡村的新娘和参加婚礼的人们总是一起步行走向教堂。一个小姑娘走在队列最前面，她一路抛撒鲜花，预示着新娘一生的道路上也将开满鲜花。
附：人类性爱婚姻发展史全记录
300万年前
人猿时期。我们的祖先刚刚学会佝偻着直立行走， 他们的膝盖还无法捋直。不同种群中雌雄人猿实行完全混乱的“婚姻”形态(其实他们尚无“婚姻”概念，一切还只为了物种的生存和繁衍)：多夫制、多妻制、专一配偶制……
300万年前-200万年前
石器时代早期。蒙昧中的人类除了狩猎和逃命之外，在部落内部还盛行毫无节制的性关系——每个女子属于每个男子，同样每个男子也属于每个女子。这就是群婚制。孩子们只知道母亲，对“父亲”却一无所知。女人在当时对男人从来就不会要求承诺或要求他们负责任。
100多万年前
旧石器时代中晚期。人体的自然分工逐渐使我们的先祖意识到，老夫少妻和老妻少夫不利于优生优育。从事狩猎、采集活动的中青年人与从事家务劳动和孩儿照管的老人之间产生了极其明显的精力差别。性生活便出现了以辈份划分的界线。人类进入了长达近 100万年的“血缘家族”时代——班辈婚或辈行婚。
班辈婚是人类历史上的第一个社会组织形式，它是人类与兽群的区别，我们作为社会性动物的漫长文明历程由此起步。
1万年前
石器时代晚期，新人阶段后期。人类正准备用“禁止乱伦”终结最后的蒙昧。那时，近亲间性交的混乱导致了婴儿成活率低、畸形儿和低能儿过多的恐怖现象。原始人对男女关系有了更严格的界定。母权的逐步确立，引起了婚姻形式的改变。不同部族间通婚了。种族外婚制，使我们的品种越来越优良，生产力飞速提高。
5000—6000年前
人类开始形成对偶婚制。一夫一妻的模式以“抢婚”方式开始。在欧洲大陆的部落里，当一个青年男子在朋友们的帮助下劫得或拐得一个姑娘的时候，这个姑娘便被认为是那个青年男子的妻子。反之，要是被劫的女子背夫潜逃，被另一男子捕获，她就成为后者的妻子，前者就丧失了他的夫权。男女关系，第一次形成了排他性群婚消亡了。
虽然早在1万年前，全球人口就上升到了500万以上，可是相对于那时的人们来说，交通不便使择偶的范围十分狭窄，近亲婚配的概率大约是50%。
4000年前
统治了人类社会5万年的母权制被彻底推翻，男人为了抓牢这次“伟大”的胜利露出了可怕的真面目。从此，丈夫在家中掌握了权柄，而妻子则被贬低、被奴役，变成生孩子延续种族的工具了。
公元前3000年
以神的名义，世界上第一个妓女在巴比伦王国出现。数百万年后，这个角色仍在威胁着家庭和婚姻。
公元前1750年
在汉摩拉比王当政时，一条奇怪的逻辑大行其道——女孩必得先当回婊子才能成为女人。每一个女孩在成为女人之前，必须去神殿里将她的身体交给一个陌生男人。她坐着，直到有一个男人将银币投在她的裙上，然后与她同卧，否则她是不准回家的。这种制度在闪族各支(巴比伦、菲尼基、叙利亚等)最为流行，由地中海岛移居于巴尔干半岛的希腊民族、希伯莱人、罗马、埃及、印度等地也奉行此规。
公元前5世纪
苏格拉底因他的哲学思想和泼妇老婆闻名于世，因此“娶到一个好妻子，你可以得到幸福；娶到一个坏妻子，你会成为哲学家。”婚姻开始变成一个“问题”而困绕我们。
公元前323年
古埃及的妻子们对她们的丈夫拥有很大的权利，比如，如果丈夫希望娶第二个妻子，他必须向第一个妻子支付一笔罚金。金钱与婚姻关系扯上了关系。
公元前1世纪
罗马立法认定独裁者恺撒可以与任何他认定的女子交合为合法。他选中的女人很多，包括与他同列罗马“三雄”的庞贝与克拉苏的妻子。当恺撒见到埃及艳后克娄巴特拉时，立刻被这个妖精迷倒，帮她夺取了王位。两人通过恺撒制定的一夫多妻制而成为合法夫妻，并生下一子。特权保护男人可以多妻的时代到来了。在这个充满奢华与享乐的时代，基督徒们大力宣扬道德并且鼓励夫妻们在上帝的面前神圣地结合——教堂成了西方世界结婚仪式的主场。
公元3-4世纪
婆罗门教士 Vatsyayana，被认为是一位终生禁欲的苦行僧，写出了印度最色情的作品之一——《爱经》。同时代的修士乔维安(Jovian)因为宣称婚姻高于独身，在公元385年以散布亵渎神明的异端邪说为由被逐出基督教教会。然而，11年以后，敢于将快感视为生育行为之自然组成部分的圣奥古斯丁却被选为希波教区的主教。快感与婚姻的多重交战引得我们乐此不疲。
公元5世纪
宗教统治婚姻。在罗马帝国，几乎所有的婚礼都必须有神职人员的祝福；结婚成为教堂中的圣礼。等到进入下一个世纪，东罗马帝国皇帝查士丁尼将通奸定为死罪，离婚也成为几乎不可能的事。
公元6世纪
印度的佛教徒和印度教徒试图使人类的身体与神灵相通。通过性交仪式，人类的结合也成了神圣的宗教行为。在英格兰，血亲之间的婚姻被宣布为不合法。
公元600年到公元1000年
这段时间被称为中世纪的黑暗年代，男人在婚姻中对女子的压迫惨烈到了让人恶心的地步。中世纪的男人还发明了各种辅助办法检测处女，没有通过体检的女人将受到严酷惩罚，鉴别处女的方法十分荒诞。匈牙利人为新娘验明正身的方法就是让她赤脚踏上一块菩提树制的小圆板，他们相信失贞的女子如果踏上这块板就会马上发生灾难。还有不少欧洲人则迷恋于数字的计算，在新婚性交前和性交后，对女子的颈围进行测量，并认为如果是处女，那么她次日的颈围必较前夜的粗。中世纪被捉住的有奸情的女子将被绑于高处，以火烧其臀部；也有人把这种女人赤裸着缚在马上游街示众。但男人是否处男却不必接受考验。
1086年
在欧洲，丈夫如出门远行，常给妻子戴上铁制的贞操带，据考证这是从十字军东征时开始的。那时一个德国皇帝叫铁匠给皇后做了一副贞操带，像一个铁笼子锁在小腹上。
公元前770年
欧洲中世纪的教廷规定：从那时起，寡妇不能睡床铺，只能睡在地上，且每天只能吃一餐不能有肉、蜂蜜、酒和盐，不能穿红戴绿、化妆。周朝建立。针对女人的贞洁制度开始建立。自周朝以后，女人殉节畸形地变异成美德。
中国殉节女人一览表：
时代 周 秦汉 魏晋 隋唐 宋 元 明 清
殉节人数 7 19 35 29 122 383 8688 2841
此表的规律是，“吃人”自宋代开始胃口大开，于明代达到高潮。
公元8世纪-10世纪
欧洲的中世纪，享用新娘成了统治者的特权。农民娶新娘，新娘的第一夜必须供领主享用。初夜权的原始招待者是僧侣、祭司。人们对处女血心怀恐惧，所以要求找人帮自己“通关”。僧侣、祭司、地主等贵人，具有“神力”；而亲朋好友和新娘性交，则属勇于“ 捐躯”；至于由仆人、贱民来“开苞”，是这些人命不值钱，倒霉也没关系。除此以外，新郎还必须付给领主 “结婚税”，否则，婚姻就不能得到公证人的承认，也不能获得领主的许可。这种恶习直到19世纪末才废除。
11世纪初
宫廷女官紫氏部写出了《源氏物语》。这是最早的也是最伟大的爱情小说之一，描述了日本雅致而淫荡的宫廷婚姻生活。
中世纪阿拉伯后宫集中了大量美女，横跨欧亚非3大陆的欧伯思王朝第5代回教主海欧雷沙德，其后宫有400名宠妾；到了第18代君主宠妾人数已发展到3400名。
11世纪
中国的哲学家们开始将古老的阴阳符号解释为互补的而非对立的——就像女人和男人，由此形成的不可分的圆称为“太极图”。中国人也从道与德的层面为婚姻找到了一套理论，女人要贤良，不妒并允许丈夫三妻四妾，在家从夫、夫死从子，守寡能为她们赢得贞节牌坊。
11世纪末-13世纪
11世纪末以后，西欧的吟游诗人创作了大量赞美骑士爱情的诗歌，并游走于各个宫廷，到处煽风点火。女人第一次拿过了男人的皮鞭，她们成为婚姻与情爱游戏的主角。
12世纪
埃莱亚诺先后当上法王路易七世和英王亨利二世的王后，在其所生的5子3女中，有2个儿子做了英国国王，3个女儿嫁给了其他欧洲君主，她因此被称为“欧洲的祖母”。
“欧洲的祖母”把典雅爱情引进了法兰西和英格兰的宫殿。埃莱亚诺及其女儿们甚至还创办了“爱的法庭”，裁决什么样的行为是“正当的”爱情。确定了典雅爱情的31条原则。罗曼蒂克故事风靡一时，当时任何进入法国巴黎的外省骑士都可以轻易得到一本花都贵妇的花名册，详细记载着她们的地址、性格、爱好和容貌，供乡下青年选择。爱情成为贵族女人的一种时尚。女人教会了男人如何“文明地尊重女人”的习惯。丈夫的情妇和妻子的情夫都被对方容忍和尊敬。
13世纪
殉教圣徒马克西默提出：为忠于上帝，仅仅是禁欲还不够，必须根绝性欲。随后就有不少教徒挥刀自宫。另一些走得更远，他们认为自宫不算真本事，应该向性欲直接开战。他们找来一些美女，住在一起，甚至裸体相拥，努力学习柳下惠，努力从精神上阳痿。据说他们成功了。婚姻，在他们看来是可耻的。
1252年
20岁的波希米亚国王奥托卡二世娶了年近50奥地利的玛格丽特国王，一旦吞并了奥地利后，他就解除了婚约。除了财产、领地，没有人期待婚姻能给彼此带来什么。由于非长子不能继承财产，那些失意的青年开始追逐有地产的女继承人。有钱的寡妇成了香饽饽。年轻小伙们娶了有地产的老寡妇，一旦老寡妇死去，小伙子(已经变成糟老头了)就可以娶年轻娇嫩的花姑娘；而老家伙一死，姑娘早变大妈，她还可以嫁给一个小伙子了，发扬第二春。这真是一个古怪的婚姻食物裢。
1477年
英格兰的玛吉丽·布鲁斯写下了有记载的最早的一张情人卡，希望未来的丈夫能够使她成为“人世间最幸福的主妇”并且不计较她贫乏的嫁妆。而多年以来，缺乏嫁妆使很多女性不得不进修道院当修女。
1492年
基督教把婚姻视为“下贱的状态”“淫欲的手段”，认为“婚姻是人类的软肋”。
16世纪
在美国提出“享受性生活的快乐”之前400年，印度就有了“Ananga Ranga”。它教会丈夫和妻子们通过32种性交姿势保持婚姻的生机和快乐。与此同时，在德国，早期的清教徒提倡婚内性行为。宗教改革家马丁·路德认为，性欲是人的本性，是难以压制的。因此，他说服一批修女离开修道院，并且帮助她们寻找丈夫。
16世纪初叶
亨利八世制造了有史以来最大的麻烦。他本来是个虔诚的天主教徒，为了能有个儿子继承王位，他决定跟凯萨琳王后离婚，但被罗马教庭拒绝了。亨利八世干脆跟教庭决裂，宣布自立山头，创立一个可以离婚的宗教。
新教在无形中提高了女性的地位。由于新教的主张，早在16世纪20年代，英国的女性就获得了离婚的自由；而为了使女性免受过度辛劳，避孕和节制生育也成为新教流行的社会中受到尊重的做法。
亨利八世除了“缔造”现代美国外(他所驱逐的那些死活不肯离婚的顽固分子们乘“五月花”号到新大陆成立了美国——今天世界上离婚率最高的国家)，他还是现代社会的第一个离婚者。他的离婚是真正从宗教意义上的彻底割离。永远不可离婚这个不可动摇的神话破灭了。
1553年
血腥玛丽即位。亨利八世用尽一生心血，想要个儿子继承王位，他如愿以偿，但那个羸弱的男孩只做了6年皇帝就死了。被亨利八世杀掉的第一位王后的女儿玛丽接管了王权，作为现代社会上第一桩离婚案的受害者，她展开了可怕的报复：恢复天主教的统治和中世纪的一切做法，对新教徒展开了残酷镇压，短短3年，她就在伦敦等地烧死300多人。至今仍有大量关系破裂的夫妻以“不伤害孩子”为由不离婚。
1558年
伊丽莎白女王一世当政。她是亨利八世的私生女。当她25岁即位的时候，就成了欧洲未婚女人中最有价值的一位，总共有50多名君主向她求过婚。她把婚姻当成最宝贵的筹码，从中获取丰厚的利益。每当英国需要某个国家的支持或缓和关系时，女王就开始放出消息，打算寻找意中人，让那些王公贵族忙活好久，耗费许多钱财，而女王却赢得了喘息之机。她统治英国45年，一手打造了“日不落”大不列颠王国。女人从此觉醒——原来用婚姻是可以征服男人、利用男人的。资本主义功利式的婚姻随着父女俩的不幸席卷了整个世界。
1625年
清教徒作者威廉·古奇建议妻子们称呼伴侣为“夫君”，而绝对不要称他们为“甜心、蜜糖、亲爱的、宝贝儿、我的最爱、小鸭子、小胖猪”之类。
公元17世纪
英王查理二世的御医发明了保险套。它的原材料是小羊的盲肠。这在当时是一件轰动全球的大事。该御医就凭这项发明获得了爵位，英国也从中赚取大量外汇。这个薄薄的小东西，给了女性享受性的最根本保障，私生子大规模减少。
1725年
齐亚科莫·卡萨诺瓦——天生的大众情人，降生在威尼斯。在他的游记中，记录了他的上百个情妇(大部分是已婚妇女)，其中能够叫上名字的就有116个。两个世纪后，“大众情人”和“梦中情人”是分开的不受谴责的已婚男女精神出轨对象。
1750年
随着未婚先孕情况的不断增加，新英格兰的一些市镇试图禁止“同宿”的习惯，即只要双方都穿着衣服或者中间有隔板相隔，相恋的一对男女就可以睡在一起。到世纪末，女权主义者玛丽·沃斯通克拉夫特在《为女性的权利辩护》一书中，第一次对限制性婚姻进行了有力的抨击。
18世纪末期
女人在婚前已经能够自立，往往延宕婚事，直到自己筹足嫁妆为止。欧洲劳工阶层的订婚通常经年累月，在这段时期，40%的劳工情侣选择婚前同居，甚至未婚先孕——这在上层阶级是无法想像的。尽管教会严厉禁止，但这一现象不可遏止地成为社会的普遍现象。
1848年
《共产党宣言》诞生，文章中提到：资本主义制度，让婚姻中的男女揭下了温情脉脉的面纱。事实上，相当多的人会赞同芝加哥学派代表人物贝克尔另一类似断言：上帝目光所及，皆可交易。
1879年12月
《玩偶之家》在哥本哈根皇家剧院首演。该剧引发了一场震荡半个世纪的论战。论战到激烈时，漫画家甚至以“新女性”妻子与“惨遭蹂躏”的丈夫为题材大加讽刺。虽然易卜生已经习惯于遭到恶评，但是这次抗议的声音遍及整个欧洲，他大吃一惊。时至今日，娜拉已经成为女性觉醒的代名词，无论她出走还是留下都反映了女性试图从玩偶转为人类社会“正式公民”的挣扎。欧洲各国纷纷对女性的立法使娜拉们居然有权利背着丈夫向银行贷款，这在10年前，简直是一件不可能的事情。
1857年
拿破仑三世政府对福楼拜与《包法利夫人》一书的发行人提起公诉，指控他们蓄意侮辱道德。但是在被告律师的滔滔雄辩下、再加上舆论大众对包法利夫人的同情，最终拿破仑三世败诉。“潘金莲”取得了辉煌的胜利。
1888年8月
蒙娜·凯尔德在《西敏评论》上发表了一篇关于婚姻革命的小文，结果引爆了闷罐中的英国。短短不到两个月，报社收到27000封来信。从此，连最顽固保守的英国小说家也终于放弃了以结婚为小说的“快乐结局”。性与婚姻的阴暗面的揭露成为当时小说流行的元素。
1870年
全球第一次离婚浪潮袭来。在离婚伴随着无处不在的迪斯科音乐被炒得沸沸扬扬之前100年，女权运动已经唤起女人追求自立、摆脱不幸婚姻的愿望。1870年到1900年间，美国的离婚率增长了6倍。
1895年4月30日
同性恋者奥斯卡·王尔德在针对其“猥亵行为”进行的审判中说：“对于这种爱的名字，本世纪无人敢于提及。然而它是一名年长男子对于一名年轻男子所产生的极其伟大的感情，就像大卫和乔纳森，就像柏拉图哲学理论的基础，就像你从米开朗琪罗和莎士比亚的作品中所发现的精神。它是深刻的精神之爱，既纯洁又完美。”
19世纪中期
英国维多利亚女王即位。维多利亚时代充斥着中产阶级的道貌岸然。广告中出现的女式内衣都是折叠起来的，为的是不让人看到内裤的裆部。在做爱过程中，妻子们应该尽量表现得被动。即使感觉到欲望的存在也是大忌。甚至到今天，她的余威尚存。在她的年代，即使是鸡胸脯都不能直呼其名，只能以白肉呼之。后来丘吉尔就被一个严肃的贵族女人纠正了他有失检点的口误。丘吉尔为了弥补过失，就给那个女人送了朵玫瑰，恭敬地说：“请把花别在你的‘白肉’上。”不过，性仍然通过色情文学逐步渗入公众生活，比如威廉·海恩斯下流而直白的小说。性开放使婚姻变得越来越难捉摸。
1903年
中国无锡一位姓宣的女性由她的哥哥作主，许配给当地一位姓裘的举人。女郎当时在上海一所女子学堂当教师，临近举行婚礼时哥哥才通知她。女郎不愿，与哥哥争执无效，便直接写信给那位举人：“婚配之事，我国旧例必有父母之命，欧律则听本人意见。前者行聘之事，乃家兄一人之意，某至今方始知，万难为凭。若必欲践约，某当死入裘氏之墓，不能生进裘氏之门。”她语气坚定，道理充足，裘举人也通情达理，双方便解除了婚约。这在当时报纸上引起大讨论，时人称之为中国“女权主义之发端。”
1927年12月1日
蒋介石与宋美龄在上海昆山路景林堂宋宅举行基督教徒的结婚仪式，接着又到豪华的大华饭店举行中国最传统味道的婚礼。有人统计，蒋、宋在上海结婚，花费达数百万元。上海三家英文报纸的报道是：这是中国人的一个显赫的结婚仪式。上海一家报纸的标题是：“中美合作”(蒋中正和宋美龄)则点明了这场婚姻的实质。宋氏三姐妹将国事变做家事，3个女子左右了中国半个世纪的政局，她们用婚姻改造了中国的命运。
1931年10月
溥仪和文绣达成了法院外协议离婚。离婚理由为两人结婚9年竟从未有过性生活。此事成为当时爆炸性新闻，报纸用的标题净是“妃子革命”、“破天荒——皇妃跟皇帝打离婚”等，而“离婚的5个条件”中的最后一条：“经双方协商，文绣离婚后不准再嫁人”。
1944年
钱钟书开始写作《围城》，作品中的主要人物，都过得非常狼狈，婚姻渐渐变成闹剧。“围城”成为婚姻的经典寓意：外面的人想进去，里面的人想出来。
1950年8月8日
周恩来与邓颖超结婚25周年纪念合影。这对夫妻的爱情被看成是中国传统美德的完美体现。
1953年
《花花公子》隆重登场，鼓动男人们“享受女性必须提供的快乐，而不必涉及感情”，当然也包括了婚姻。
1960年代
英国出现了“交换性伴侣”，美国则出版了《花花公子》，为女人提供的阴茎形状的塑料震动器也在大城市的药店橱窗摆放在显要位置上。性成为一种抗议的武器，嬉皮士、造反派们纷纷喊出了“要做爱，不要作战”的口号。性主题绝决地突破了婚姻。
1965年
婚恋交友节目《The Dating Game》成为黄金时段的热门节目。1967年，美国最高法院宣布废除所有禁止种族间通婚的法律。
中国“文革”期间出现了中国第二次离婚高潮，离婚人数高达180多万对。中国其余两次“离婚潮”分别是在20世纪50年代和90年代初。
1970年代
在以色列和美国出现了群居公社，男女发生关系生了孩子，但这个孩子不知道是哪个男人的，他们就选举出一个委员会来抚养这个孩子。可惜乌托邦性试验的结果表明：血缘的认同对儿童成长最重要的。人口的再生长和文明的延续，都需要一夫一妻制。
1980年代中期到1990年代
世界第二次离婚浪潮。离婚率在美国就上升到了50%，用这个数字来预测，今天结婚的人将有一半退出婚姻。
1996年
中国台湾著名电视栏目《非常男女》开播。现场速配成功500多对，其最终缔结连理的不到40对。两年后，上海《相约星期六》开播，出场嘉宾300多人，谈婚论嫁者没有一对；1998年7月湖南卫视《玫瑰之约》正式播出至今，男女嘉宾300多人，真正相约牵手的也就10几对。
1996年
《Town &Country》杂志推出了世界上第一个以婚礼为主题的网站。
1998年 5月
记者安顿的《绝对隐私——当代中国人情感口述实录》出版，成为畅销书。中国人掀起了婚姻反思潮。
hūnyīn
Interpretation:
(1) [marriage]: wedding things. Married and married men and women are on a common life together as a social phenomenon such statements, married the woman said from marrying is the man said, there must have married marry, marry, there must be married, married and married there the same time, speaking from the meaning of both and which side there is no male and female subordinate meaning.
(2) [matrimony]: man and woman as husband and wife; married state.
The origin of marriage:
Marriage in ancient times known as 'stunning marriage' or 'faint due to'. In general, the origin of the word marriage has three versions: the Han Zheng Xuan said, referring to the wedding the marriage ceremony. Wedding in ancient China, the man usually home in the evening to the scene of the marrying women, but the woman with the man out, that 'men to faint when the meet women, because men and women from' custom, is the 'faint''because' the origin of the word. In other words, married men and women marriage is the process of marriage.
The world's major countries, the legal age for marriage
China's legal age of marriage of 22 years of age men and women 20 years of age. Even after the late marriage
The world's major countries, Economic Analysis of legal age of marriage laws
Legal age of marriage the world's major countries are: Iran, the legal marriage age of 9 years; Dutch legal age of marriage of 12 years of age; Russian legal age of marriage of 14 years of age; French legal age of marriage of 15 years of age; Philippines legal age of marriage of 16 years; Korean legal age of marriage of 16 years; 18-year-old Japanese male, female 16 years old; Brazil 16 years of age; 16-year-old Hong Kong, China; China Taiwan 16 years of age; different states, some states require, such as the two sides under the age of majority, shall be subject to parental consent for marriage, and some states require the age of 18 men and women under 16 years of age, even if the parents agreed to not get married. Idaho, Mississippi and New Jersey and Washington state is allowed at least 14 year-old boy, a girl aged 12 married
History of Human Marriage
Traced back to primitive times, there is the so-called marriage, it is a herd instinct properties of higher life, the laws of nature will use the power of opposites attract, so that mammalian life thrived. Form of human existence and the binding mode of marriage, subject to the environmental impact of human society. Different times and regions, social environment, creating a variety of marriage patterns, and the combination of methods. Scientific sense, if not married, a lot of blood there can be confusion, not conducive to people's good reproduction.
Primitive human does not need marriage, this primate of today is the same, do not elaborate. After that came the clan society, used the collective group marriage system, in which a male or female collective clan married into another clan. This is also in the process of evolution, proliferation and the prevention of incest to ethnic groups led to the formation of a practice degradation. Then later entered the private ownership of society, have a one to one or a pair of husband and wife relationship between a fixed number, and thus a marriage.
Is worth noting that, due to marriage arising from private ownership, it has been closely associated with the property. As the man is the subject of private ownership of society, so women have been seen as men's property, so most of the ancient society of polygamy. And rush marriage, the sale of wives and other phenomena from this. Since private ownership of property because the male kinship inheritance, in order to ensure the purity of blood, there is a "virgin" and the strict constraints on women's sexual behavior.
When the tribe and the state and other social organization, marriage became a political bargaining chip. From the tribes intermarry, the country's rulers of "marriage" are trying to achieve political ends through marriage. Even today, marriage is still rich family alliances and rationalization of property for inheritance.
As in the natural small-scale peasant society, marriage is a kind of division of labor composition, the so-called "men plow and women weave", "men and women stay home." The people in modern society, and marriage is to form a family, in meeting human needs of the normal life, was committed as a family and future generations of social care responsibilities and obligations, a person's a kind destination.
Comprehensive view, marriage is a natural law, contrary to the laws of man, will bring us some trouble. About the history of human marriage experienced the following stages: the period of promiscuity, group marriage (blood group marriage, group marriage outside the family), dual marriage, monogamy.
Promiscuity
Promiscuous sexual intercourse is to reproduce and eventually will form only knew his mother not a father of the mother-oriented social relations. Just as ants and bees in the world, is "queen mother" rule. Ancient Chinese sage's birth, often the mother stepped on a miracle, to swallow a big star, or intercourse with the fetish is born, not a father. But the mother-oriented social relations, and development of productive forces the formation of contradictions. When entering a higher stage of society, hunting and fishing industry gradually developed, men in productive labor, continue to reflect the advantages of strength, which along with the demand of the position.
Dual group marriage and marriage
Advantage of men began to challenge the power of the mother's authority, but also challenges the authority of his father, this will have in the distribution of conflict, major conflict, competition for sexual partners, or even lead to population extinction. Anthropologists found that more than ten million years ago, in Europe, often called Benedetto person's race, according to bones that its tall, physically fit, then it mysteriously disappeared. Is internal strife in such killing each other to death for? On the one hand is the survival instinct and the instinct to promote powerful rights and status of those to get to the collapse of the existing population; on the one hand is required to maintain stability and human development group. How do? Semyonov Soviet historian, "the origin of marriage and family," that primitive man to rely on "sexual taboo" to maintain a relatively stable time. "Sexual taboo" requirement in hunting or fishing during the period of prohibition of any sexual activity, or even prohibit contact with women about things, otherwise it is considered breach of the gods, but a capital offense. Because of hunting and fishing activities, the survival of ethnic relations, this time because of competition for the event of civil unrest caused, will inevitably lead to the fall of ethnic groups.
However, with the men in the production activities are gaining in status, the mother must be right to challenge the passage of time, women subordinate to men, become the property of men.
Monogamy
Establishment of paternity, property privatization, in order to ensure future generations will inherit his father's property Zaixi require Zaixi blood purity, while the child is required to confirm the identity of the father. This means that the dual marriage in polygamous form will be preserved; also on the chastity of women put forward demands. The blood of the legitimacy of requests, even polygamy, also need to have a master's wife, as Abraham's wife Sarah, son Isaac in order to inherit property, to enable women and their children away Hagar. The monogamous family, the end result of such requirements.
The concept of the Law on Marriage
As the Object of the Marriage Law, Marriage Law subjects "marriage", there must be a clear concept of law. The legal concept of marriage should be with the people in the civil law concept that corresponds to and can always systems in the marriage law. It should cover the following three definitions: the basis of the combination of men and women; to live together for the purpose; with the publicity of marital status. It should include a variety of legal and illegal marriage, marriage can with sex before marriage, concubinage, cohabiting, non-marital cohabitation distinguish such phenomena, but should avoid getting married, marriage and other legal concepts confused.
Based on the integration of men and women
This is the marriage of the natural level of meaning. Physiological differences between men and women, human instinct inherent in the nature, of forming a natural marriage, again, marriage Guyou the natural attributes, this natural attribute a relationship different from other social relations of the important Tezheng that if the first natural factors Zhong Zhong human society is simply impossible marriage.
Throughout the history of marriage, marriage is the combination of men and women for the content. Engels in the "Family, Private Property and the State of origin" article, not only of the origin and development of marriage and the marriage of the future society was speculate. Ignorant of the times, the group marriage system of barbarism, under the dual system of marriage, marriage is a union between opposite sex, and civilization adapted to adultery and prostitution, monogamy, supplemented, from the name itself indicates that it is the men and women The combination between. From Engels on the origins of monogamy, but we can see that it became necessary requirement for heterosexual marriage. "Monogamy is not based on natural conditions, and to economic conditions.
To live together for the purpose of
The so-called "living together" means living together as members of the same family, living in a community in the same. Under normal circumstances, but also between husband and wife sex life and marital love each other. Mr. Shi Shangkuan that the "common life" normally "the common life of the spirit (another dear, the combination of the spirit), of living together (combination of meat) and economic life of the common (family income there)," This is a "common life "all generalizations.
Publication of the identity of a husband and wife
Publication of the identity of husband and wife, is the level of marriage and the meaning of the phenomenon. It requires both parties should have an open marriage couple identity. The concept of the meaning of marriage, this layer contains two aspects.
First, on behalf of both men and women living together as husband and wife must live around people also think that they are husband and wife.
That is, both men and women both have a married life of the inner contents of the external form, there should also be recognized by the public as husband and wife. Premarital sex, concubinage, cohabiting, non-marital cohabitation phenomenon, required to establish the appropriate law marriage law term. And make these legal terms and to distinguish the concept of marriage, the inevitable requirement of the concept of marriage as "husband and wife as the publicity" of the content.
Second, the husband and wife as long as the public recognition, no legitimacy.
Marriage is commonly recognized that, "legal" is the essential content of the concept of marriage. This type of marriage, marriage law in the contradiction to the theory, and the content of our laws are not consistent; is not conducive to the development of the whole history of the institution of marriage, is not conducive to study the institution of marriage from around the world; and China does not match the current marital status. Marriage Law in the laws, regulations and texts, involving a variety of marriage: arranged marriage, is a third party (including parents) in violation of the principle of autonomy of marriage, arranged marriage, forced others to act; sale into marriage, is a third party (including parents ) to obtain a large number of property for the purpose of forced arranged marriage behavior of others (see February 2, 1992, "Supreme People's Court on the implementation of legal advice in civil policy"); de facto marriage "refers to both men and women without marriage registration that is name of the spouse cohabitation, and the people are considered husband and wife combination "; invalid marriage," refers to the elements of breach of marriage and the establishment of illegal marriage. " All these marriages are not legal, but in our legislation, legal interpretation and legal research, regarded them as marriage. Therefore, we define the concept of marriage should only be identified as the publicity of a husband and wife, without the need for legitimacy.
Individual needs of marriage
1. Marriage to meet the individual needs
Individual needs is the foundation and driving force of human behavior, these needs must be met, following the demand for marriage and family life is particularly important:
⑴ love - the most important in marriage, should be the first to satisfy the thirst for love, marriage, love should include honesty, responsibility and giving attitude, and gentle adaptability.
⑵ sense of security - even more than men need women, in other words, she is more dependent on man, ethics and economic capacity is also part of security.
⑶ self-confidence - everyone needs the approval of others, praise or equal treatment, even between husband and wife this need. Married life to encourage each other to increase the confidence the other side is the right road.
⑷ birth - normal marriage also meet the needs of each sex, having children is a natural development, and complete rejection of marriage fertility will lead to the rift.
⑸ family authority - the authority of the family responsibilities clearly. Children in the family learn to accept authority, to grow up in the community respect for law and authority.
2. Careful watering the garden of marriage
⑴ for the destruction of marital relations, and to be vigilant to avoid stabbing the wrong words or meaningless bickering.
⑵ spend more time on family life to help make friends, and more exchange of views on family life.
⑶ the couple also need to review from time to time marriage, seeking to improve.
⑷ conflict, quarrel, the Cold War is inevitable, because each person has an emotional impulse, what matters is the experience of growing into each conflict, learn to open minded individuals, to face reality. Only love and for the sake of each other in order to resolve everything.
Marriage is love garden, flower garden must have sufficient space to grow, and planned plant, and sometimes to have to dig sometimes to fertilization, sometimes transplantation, and sometimes get rid of. Flowers depends on the season, different seasons, open flowers are different, marriage also changes of the seasons, each season has different difficulties and dangers, and dangerous means, not explain the "crisis of crisis"? So be careful irrigation of the flower of love, if it, together with the grass long, trouble is sure to be killed, either by wind or sun it will not be long Well, only to irrigation, well prepared, be patient, sooner or later the working class to bear fruit.
3. 4 risk of marriage
The first dangerous period:
Child is born the couple suddenly increasing the pressure, the original play and recreation greatly reduced quality of life decline. Children generated by the arrival of the "triangular" relationship, changed the original "two world", a couple of marriage the same time nervous, confused, bewildered.
The second danger period:
This period of four to five years after marriage, the couple easily find life dull dull. Husband worked for many years, but did not see any bright future, even too lazy to do housework; wife both work and have to take care of their children, too busy, the couple have no inclination to accompany each other intimately, this time they may find Concert. One sociologist investigated 70 women with a married man having an affair, found that most of these extra-marital affairs began in simple friendship. When the husband or wife should have said to the other party to the intimate listening to others talk, the couple are to blame.
The third risk period:
Married about seven years, sociologists found that married couples between the sixth to ten years, reached the lowest level of marital satisfaction. In fact, the divorce rate is also the seventh to ten years after marriage, the formation of the peak. This time, the spouses should be the greatest patience, care to help each other up to ensure the quality of marriage.
Fourth of danger:
Married twenty years this time, the physical condition of both men and women gradually changed. Wife went into the menopause is often restless, worried that they lost all charm, her husband was getting older and older no longer worry about --- with plenty of energy, creativeness not agile, but his son play basketball to enhance the totally hopeless. At this point he is in need of understanding and comfort, while the wife is precisely the same requirements. If the husband and wife can not give each other, he (she) may go looking for other heterosexual.
Wedding anniversary
Wedding anniversary generally have the following address:
Year: Paper Marriage
Years: cloth marriage
Three years: Paper Marriage
Four years: Silk Wedding / silk wedding
Five years: wooden wedding
Six: Rail marriage
Seven: Copper marriage / wedding hair
Eight: Electrical marriage / marriage bronze
Nine: pottery wedding
Decade: tin wedding
15 years: Crystal Wedding
Two decades: porcelain wedding
20 years: silver wedding
Three years: Pearl Wedding
Thirty-five years: Coral Wedding / Emerald marriage
Four decades: ruby wedding
40 years: sapphire wedding
Five years: golden wedding
50 years: Jade marriage / emerald wedding
6 years: diamond wedding
7 years: Platinum Wedding
Marriage in Ancient China
Ancient marriage age, the dynasty is not the same. Spring and Autumn period, the men's 20-plus crown, women 16 and hairpin, you can get married; also said that "while the married male 30, female 20 and married," is to lose time. "Han Emperor Hui Ji" on the express written: "Women over 15 to 30 years, not married, five-count." "Five-count" is the penalty she paid five times the taxes. In fact, the phenomenon of early marriage in Ancient China is also very serious, Song had "all men 15 years and women 13 years and listen to marriage" requirement. "Later Han Ban Zhao Chuan" on the record: Ban Zhao, "Four years 10, the Executive Ji Zhou Yu Cao." "Han Chuan Shangguan Queen" in even "more than a month Sui Li as Queen, in just six years old" records. But usually after the age of 20.
Escorting the groom to the family in ancient times when women are at night. "Miriam BARNES stunning ceremony" that: "stunning ceremony issued." Zheng Xuan note said: "Shi-wife of the ceremony, to faint for a period, which name Yan. Yang to the yin to the Japanese into three companies for the faint." And , "Jazz owner Bian, good clothes, Buddhists, from those who Bixuan side, take the ink vehicle, from cars squares, the Executive candle before the horse." Per capita which is the Bridal wear black, traveling is also black. This popular and later to the day the Bridal, Wedding wear a red dress, very different. Since the Tang Dynasty, before the Bridal time to the morning. According to paragraph into the style of Tang's "Exposition of" record: "ceremony, the wedding will be with faint, its yang to the yin to have. This salute at dawn." Dawn or daybreak. After Long Nan.
Ancient bride just started also very particular about the attitude. According to "Spring and Autumn Annals" record: "Keiko out baigui defendant said: 'people who are new to marry women, women to, as Mei Yee Jin-tobacco lines.'" So-called "safe cigarette as Mei Jin-line", yet Note Bing said: "An Jin-smoking as the pro line, describe the status of the bride can be described as penetrating carry on. However, it can be felt, it is difficult Literal Interpretation. On those calm; pity who care; smoke as those flows do not direct the eye askance ; Mei entrants, moving only shame is also reduced and lovely Ann Hsu. is the first entry of the state are the bride, was the loss of anti-identity. "
Han got married, are barricaded tent cloth curtain green, thanks to the gift exchange was held. "Shi false deceitful" chapter reads: "Wei Wu is low, the taste and good for the Ranger Yuan Shao. Views were married, dive master for the garden, called the night call saying: 'there are thieves thief!' Green Man Cottage are out of view. Wei Wu is in, pumping edge robbery bride. "This Green House in the marriage customs, remain in effect until the Qing Dynasty, Pu's" Strange Tales "on the various references.
Also, according to historical records, Han occasion, He already had the custom of marriage and the wedding night to listen to the customs house. According to "Han Xuan Ji" record: "Wufeng two Chao said: 'husband marriage ceremony, human relations are also great. Food and drinks of the will, so lines are also ritual. Grading and Erqian Dan or good at this as harsh ban not ban people with food and drinks with a wedding He called from a waste Hsiang-tang of the ceremony, nothing to make people happy, non-so guide people also. "Han Emperor purpose of this edict, it is designed to promote the common people at the wedding banquet to celebrate . Also, according to "the wife Han Kui Yuan Chuan" record: Yuan Kui and his wife into the bridal chamber, husband and wife in the whisper:
Kui You Yue: "Brother Xianxiong move, the world that laugh. Order Department percent is not suitable, first I am?" Replied: "concubine percent Takayuki special Miao, have not been good piece, not like scorn, Gou, however, has." Asked said: "Nelson Science Jun poor Michinoku, text for the words were, and where the post to frequently in order to produce wealth for the loss, what evil?" replied: "Confucius, the Great Sage, inevitably the destruction of Wu Shu; Zi to Yin, Utah There Bo lao. home by this monarch, whose wish ear solid. "Kui silence can not bend. Off-balance listener to feel ashamed.
Han has been listening room license practices.
In addition, different generations of ancient marriage customs with a customs are: the ancient taboo of women do not remarry, and have been so from the Zhou Dynasty to the Northern Song Dynasty. According to "Li Tan Gong" record: Confucius, the son of Peter Fish's death, "his wife married in the Guardian," also contains: "Mother died of Zi Si Wei went on Zisi, Zisi cry at the temple. Doors were to say : 'Shu's mother died, what is the temple almost crying in his charm?' Zisi saying: 'I had now! I had now!' is the cry in his room. "visible saints, not from future generations Zaifu remarry. And Wei, Tang and Song Dynasties were a matter of doors for women to remarry, but also uncommon. "Three Kingdoms Ms. Wu Zhibu Biography" records: Step Lady "two daughters, long said, Luban, word big tiger, the former child along with Zhou Yu, the latter with full Cong; less said, Lu Yu, the word tiger, the former with Zhu According to the latter with Liu Compilation. "Shang Bing and" ancient social customs examination of things "drawing" with the Park Essay "that:" Tang Shigong main remarry are 23, three were married four. "and then to see whether ex-husband After the husband, or ex-husband after the husband to see, are not avoided. Song Dynasty poet Lu You and Tang Wan ex-wife after divorce, have a swim Shen Garden, and the subsequent chance encounter Tang Wan Cheng Shi-fu Zhao, Tang, Zhao Lu also sent food and wine, the results moved Lu wrote a spot on the wall, "Reproduction" words. (Do see the "Kuei-Hsin Miscellanies") can be seen, when the Tang and Song women remarry or normal. Until the Ming and Qing dynasties, women are not remarried side to Confucianism, it has been a feast, the Church of that.
Ten future trends of China Marriage
Smaller family structure
Philosophy: Every 3 to 4 people.
Expectations of marriage with the arrival of well-off life change, such as the amount of income on household investment, whether the birth will not be more respected. Both sides pay more attention to are: to maintain intimacy, respect of marriage agreement, mutual understanding, and create comfortable, quiet Yat comfortable home.
Late marriage and late childbearing increase
Concept: a single non-marriage, increasing numbers of voluntary infertility were on the rise.
Traditional "men and women stay home" concept, to be applied to modern people, in fact very difficult, or even have been completely overturned. Modern women as level of education, work experience, plus information on a large number of absorption and the media coverage of gender issues, so that women have "women can have their own world" concept, so love the autonomy of the increase, the spouse and marriage more things to consider.
There is limerick so that, men see a woman in about three years old, is to look at education; men look after the three-year-old woman, is to look through; men look after the four-year-old woman, is to look at medical records. In fact, such men and women are very sad, one will only "see", one only "be seen", and finally there will not be any results.
Therefore, the proposed older men, do not demand too much, because the last or only marry a wife, stopped to give yourself the chance and get along with females, not just "see", must _set_ an example to pursue their own happiness; older woman who had been missing all right, present or is not too late. Even those men prefer young girls, we should strive to pursue their own happiness. If you can not get married, to find sustenance in other ways, in fact, make a "single woman" is also good.
More science education in general
Idea: young people caused by reckless curiosity sexual experience decreased more careful on premarital sex.
Light weight fun mate economy
Concept: pay more attention to taste congenial mate, diminish the importance of economic conditions. Hope the other young men and women belong to the same social class with their own.
Young women the ideal partner, is a sense of humor, know how to respect people, life is full of fun, and economic conditions, the impact of family background will be diluted.
The pursuit of marital quality
Philosophy: quality of marriage become the goal.
Most families no longer make do, marital adjustment capabilities, will make family life more abundant, fresh, well-being. Greater equality between men and women in marriage, domestic violence reduced, the husband and wife share the household duties.
It was this passion and calm assessment of the marriage relationship - each a doomed love the energy, and love the more intense the faster consumption of energy, like flame, gorgeous sky, the moment will become ashes. The tranquil and calm could really be able to maintain life. Perhaps the more dull marriage, love the higher the quality.
Financial management system for the transition to AA
Concept: Family financial management will be one based on the transition to AA. Pre-marital property notarization, married couples in open bank accounts, independent economic accounting. By marital agreement, the couple take their own financial obligations of family life.
AA system, the so-called husband and wife, is a new mode of family financial commitments. It generally takes two forms: one is the exchange part of the money each month as a "family public funds" to pay rent utilities and other common household spending, the rest of their food; the other is entertaining, shopping, taxi and other expenses are all self-care, only buy a house, investing large projects like the average burden on the husband and wife. Recently, many young couples will be introduced to the AA system of family life - "My dear, let's AA system", become a catchword.
Reduce domestic conflicts
Idea: reduce domestic labor intensity, couples conflicts caused by reduced domestic labor. The socialization of housework, home appliances reduced the time universal.
More reason for divorce
Idea: Divorce, divorce try to break up a rational first choice, but the divorce rate will continue the rise.
Knowledge, people with higher educational level, emotion-rich people, love the higher demands more. But divorce is the social pressure to bear, will be reduced accordingly.
Shi divorce De advantage allows both sides will not made under circumstances in impulse decision regret, in the face of reality, both objective and willingness to reconsider Ren will check Ziji, appreciate merits of each other 检讨 their own inadequacies and Zui Hou's choice is rational of. If the divorce trial process, and I find that their marriage has no love, asexual, benefit, and a situation can not be improved, then the test is to divorce his grace period, when you leave this marriage, you will allow that they have a peace of mind, gave up, give yourself a new choice.
Rational treatment of extramarital affair
Concept: Social rational approach to the extramarital affair to continue.
People's sense of responsibility of marriage comes from the more self-awareness, self-discipline, self-correction, rather than forced external pressure. It demands the quality of marriage and the emotional, demands the rights and enjoyment between husband and wife, have more freedom of choice and self-awareness.
In extramarital affairs as frequently as the era of rising prices, we have to learn to calm and mature our minds to bear to face, you know, an affair, the temptation is irresistible, but the house is a harbor of refuge.
Increased degree of freedom of marriage
Concept: Marriage is no longer a herd behavior, marriage is a personal choice after careful consideration, single not married, "DINK families" and other lifestyle choices may become diverse content.
"DINK" is the English Doubleincomeandnokids acronym DINK, which means double income, no children's family structure. Today DINK families are springing doubled, especially in Beijing, Shanghai city in this super. Recently, a short message caught my attention last year, the DINK couples in China has exceeded one million pairs.
Wedding Customs around the world
Early African American: Jumping the Broom in the times of slavery, black men and women are not allowed to formally marry and live together. For declaration of their love and marriage contract, a pair of black men and women and the drum beat jumped over a broom. (The broom has a variety of African long-term to be very important, because it means the couple started a family. In Southern Africa, the first day after the wedding, the bride to help her husband's other women sweeping the courtyard, that moved into their new home in, she would fulfill her husband's family to help with housework.) up to today, a number of African Americans in their wedding was held at this symbolic ceremony.
Armenia: Two white doves to signify love and happiness. The bride wore red silk, wearing paper wings decorated with feathers. It may be thrown coins.
Belgium: The bride may still embroider her name on the handkerchief, held the wedding day, carry it on. After the wedding handkerchief into frame and keep it until the next family bride marries.
Bermuda: Islanders top their tiered wedding cake, the top plug in a small saplings, newly married couples to plant the tree at home, so they can watch it grow, as their marriage grows.
Bohemia: The groom gives the bride a rosary, a prayer book, a series with three keys above the belt (to protect her virtue), a fur cap, a silver wedding ring. The bride gives the groom a colored silk with gold thread and sewing the shirts and wedding ring. Before the ceremony, the groomsman wraps the groom in the bride's cloak to keep evil spirits from creeping in and dividing their two hearts.
Caribbean: Barbados, Grenada and St. Lucia, with dried fruits and rum is especially rich cake is very common. The recipe, handed down from mother to daughter, and embellished by each. It is considered a "pound" cake, because making this cake flour, brown sugar, butter, glace cherries, raisins, plums, currants, plus a dozen eggs and flavorings. The dried fruits are soaked in rum and kept in a crock anywhere from two weeks to 6 months.
Croatia: Married female relatives remove the bride's veil, put on a scarf and apron, symbols of her new married status. Then by all the married women serenaded. After the wedding, all the guests walk three times around the well (symbolizing the Holy Trinity), and throw apples into it (symbolizing fertility).
Czech Republic: Friends would sneak into the bride's yard to plant a tree, and then use the ribbons and painted eggshells to decorate the tree. Legend said she would live as long as this tree. Brides wear a wreath of rosemary, an ancient custom of remembrance. The wreath is the eve of the wedding the bride's friends from the woven, it symbolizes wisdom, love and loyalty.
Egypt: In Egypt, by the groom's family, not the groom himself, to marry the bride. Many marriages are arranged. Zaffa, the wedding is, in fact, a parade full of music, drums, bagpipes, horns, belly dancers, and men carrying flaming swords. It announces that the marriage is about to begin.
England: Traditionally, the village of the bride and her wedding party always walk together to the church. A little girl strewing, blossoms along the bride's life on the road will also be covered with flowers.
Attached: Full Record History of Human Sex Marriage
3 million years ago
Ape period. Our Zuxian Gang just learned Goulv Zhao walk upright, they can not stroke the knee straight. Orangutan males and females of different exercise complete chaos, "Marriage" form (in fact they are no "marriage" concept, all also only for species survival and reproduction): polyandry, polygamy, specifically polygamy ... ...
3 million years ago -200 million years ago
Early Stone Age. In addition to ignorance of human hunting and escape, the interior is also prevalent in the tribal unrestrained sexual relations - each woman is every man, also belong to every man, every woman. This is the group marriage system. Children only know the mother, the "father" knew nothing about. Women to men has never been at that time will not require commitment or ask them responsible.
More than 100 million years ago
In the late Palaeolithic. The body's natural division of labor gradually realized that our ancestors, Laofushaoqi husband and old wife is not conducive to prenatal and postnatal care less. Hunting, gathering of the young people and perform household chores and baby care among the elderly had a very clear difference between efforts. Sexual division will be there to generational boundaries. Nearly 100 people entered the long years of "blood family" era - class generation marriage or generation line marriage.
Class generation in human history, marriage was the first form of social organization, which is the difference between humans and herds, we, as social animals, thus beginning a long history of civilization.
10 000 years ago
Late Stone Age, new advanced stage. Mankind is ready to use "against incest," the end of last ignorance. At that time, sexual intercourse between relatives led to the confusion of low infant survival rate, deformed children, and too many children the horrors of low-energy phenomena. Primitive relations between men and women have a more stringent definition. The gradual establishment of mother right, causing changes in the form of marriage. Marriage between the different tribes. Race outside the marriage system, so that more and more of our fine varieties, productivity is rising rapidly.
5000-6000 years ago
Humans began to form the dual marriage system. Monogamy model to "grab Marriage" way to start. Tribes in continental Europe, when a young man the help of friends get robbed or when Po was a girl, the girl would be considered the young man's wife. Conversely, if a woman was robbed husband absconded back, caught by another man, she became the latter's wife, the former husband will lose his rights. Gender relations, the first formed an exclusive group marriage disappeared.
Although as early as 10,000 years ago, the world's population will rise to 500 million or more, but compared to then, people, transport inconvenience Shi spouse's scope is very narrow, close relatives mating the probability is around 50%.
4000 years ago
Rule of 5 million years of human society is the complete overthrow of matriarchy, men to hold back the "great" victory revealed a terrible scene. Since then, her husband acquired authority at home, while his wife was derogatory, enslaved, turned into a tool for children of ethnic continuity.
3000 BC
The name of God, the world's first prostitute appeared in Babylonia. After millions of years, this role is still threatening the family and marriage.
1750 BC
When the king came to power in Hammurabi, a strange logic popular - girls must first be a woman when back bitch. Every girl becomes a woman, you must go to the house of God to her body to a stranger. She sat, until a man will be cast in her silver dress, and then with her lying, or she is not allowed to go home. This system each branch in Semitic (Babylonian, Phoenician, Syrian, etc.) the most popular, moved from the Mediterranean island nation in the Balkans, the Greek, Hebrew, Rome, Egypt and India are also pursuing this regulation.
5th century BC
Socrates for his famous philosophy and bitch wife, so "marry a good wife, you can be happy; marry a bad wife, you will become a philosopher." Marriage began to become a "problem" and plague us.
323 BC
Egyptian wives on their husbands have a lot of rights, for example, if the husband wants to marry a second wife, his first wife must pay a fine. Money and something to the relationship of marriage.
1st century BC
Roman dictator Julius Caesar legislation can be identified with any woman he finds intercourse as lawful. He _select_ed a woman a lot, including with him Lie Luoma "three-way" of Pompeii and Crassus wife. When Caesar met Cleopatra Cleopatra, the immediately fascinated by this monster, to help her win the throne. Both developed by Caesar polygamy become legal spouses and one son. Privilege to protect men more than the wife can come. Full of luxury and pleasure in this era, Christians and vigorously promote the moral and encourage couples in front of God, the sacred combination of - the church has become the arena of the Western world marriage.
3-4 century AD
Brahmin priests Vatsyayana, is considered an ascetic life-long abstinence, wrote one of India's most pornographic works - "Love Classic." Contemporary monk Jovian (Jovian) because the claim that marriage than single, in the year 385 to spread blasphemous heresy were expelled from the grounds of the Christian Church. However, 11 years later, the thrill of daring acts as a natural part of birth of St. Augustine been chosen as the Persian bishop of the diocese. Pleasure and marriage of multiple war attracted us bored.
5th century
Religious domination marriage. In the Roman Empire, almost all of the wedding must have the blessing of the clergy; a church in the sacrament of marriage. Until into the next century, the East Roman Emperor Justinian as a capital offense of adultery, divorce has become almost impossible.
6th century
Buddhists and Hindus in India trying to make the human body connected with the gods. Through sexual intercourse ritual, combined with human behavior has become a sacred religion. In England, the marriage between blood relatives was declared illegal.
600 AD to 1000 AD
1086
In Europe, the husband went out travel as often to his wife to wear iron chastity belt, according to research that is when the Crusades began. It was a blacksmith named to the Queen, the Kaiser made a chastity belt, like a child locked in the lower abdomen on the cage.
770 BC
See the provisions of the European Middle Ages: From then on, the widow can not sleep in bed, only sleep on the floor, and only one meal a day can not have meat, honey, wine and salt, can not wear red wearing green, make-up. Zhou dynasty. Chastity for women to start building the system. Chou later, a woman committed suicide, deformity to mutate into the United States and Germany.
List of Chinese women martyrs:
Tang Wei Ming and Qing era of Qin and Han Dynasty
The number of martyrs 7 1,935,291,223,838,688 2841
The laws of this table, "eating" since the Song Dynasty appetites, culminating in the Ming Dynasty.
-10 Century AD 8th century
Europe's Middle Ages, became the ruler of the bride to enjoy the privilege. Farmer married bride, bride to be for the Lord to enjoy the first night. The right to host first night of the original monks who are priests. People live in fear of virgin blood, so asked for people to help themselves "clearance." Monks, priests, landlords and other important, she has a "divine power"; and friends and bride sex, are the brave "died"; As for servants, Dalits to "Kai Bao", is that these lives are not worth much, luck does not matter. In addition, the groom must also be paid to feudal lords "marriage tax", or else the marriage will not be recognized by notary public can not be lord's permission. This habit was abolished until the 19th century.
The early 11th century
Ministry of Women's Purple Palace officials wrote the "Tale of Genji." This is also the first one of the greatest love stories, describes the elegant and licentious court of the Japanese marriage.
A large concentration of medieval Arab harem girls, across Europe, Asia and Africa the continent Oubo Si 3 dynasty founder 海欧雷沙德 back to the 5th generation of its harem concubine, 400; to the 18th generation of the number of monarch concubine, has grown to 3400.
11th century
Chinese philosophers began to interpret the ancient symbols of yin and yang complementary rather than contradictory - as women and men, resulting in the non-points circle known as "Tai Chi diagram." Chinese people from the Road and moral aspects of a theory for the marriage to find a woman to be virtuous, not jealous husband, three wives and four concubines permitted at home from the husband, husband's death from the child, widowhood can they win the arch.
11 -13 century century
11 century onwards and bards created a lot of praise knight of love poetry, and walk in all the palace, stirring up trouble everywhere. The first time a woman took the man's whip, they become the protagonist of the game of love and marriage.
12th century
Ailaiyanuo has become King Louis VII and Henry II's queen, in 5 children born to 3 Girls, 2 sons did the king of England, three daughters married other European monarchs, she known as the "grandmother of Europe."
"Europe's grandmother," the classic love France and England introduced the palace. Ailaiyanuo and her daughter had even established a "court of love", the award of what behavior is "justified" Love. Elegant _set_ of 31 principles of love. Romantic story of rage, then any other provinces into Paris, France, Knight can easily get a roster of Huadu lady, well documented with their address, personality, tastes and looks for the rural youth _select_ion. Love a noble woman of a trend. Women taught men how to "civilization, respect for women" habits. Her husband's mistress and wife of lover are tolerance and respect for each other.
13th century
Saints Makeximo martyrdom made: for the faithful to God, only abstinence is not enough to eradicate sexual desire. Then there are many followers brandished a knife from the house. Others go further, they believe that since the House is not real skill, and should go to war to sex. They got a number of beautiful women, live together, even embracing nude, study hard Liuxia Hui, to spiritually impotence. It is said that they succeeded. Marriage, in their view is shameful.
1252
20-year-old King otoka II of Bohemia married nearly 50 years, Margaret of Austria King, once the annexation of Austria, he would lift the marriage. In addition to property, territory, and no one expected what marriage can give each other. As the non-eldest son can not inherit property, to those frustrated youths began chasing the real estate heiress. Meat and potatoes of the wealthy widow becomes. Young guy who married an old widow with property, once the old widow died, young man (old man has become a bad) can marry the young girl, delicate flowers; the old man died, the girl changed long ago Aunt, she can marry a young man, and carry forward the second spring. This is a strange marriage of food pouch hung from belt.
1477
England Maji Li Bruce wrote the earliest documented a Valentine's card, hoping to make her future husband as "the happiest on earth Housewives" and do not care about her poor dowry. But over the years, the lack of dowry many women have to enter the monastery as nuns.
1492
Christian the marriage as "abject state", "lust of the means", that "marriage is a human weakness."
16th century
In the United States "enjoy the joy of life" 400 years before, India had the "Ananga Ranga". It is the Church of husband and wife are 32 kinds of positions for sexual intercourse by maintaining the vitality and happiness of marriage. Meanwhile, in Germany, the early Puritans to promote sexual behavior within marriage. Reformers Martin Luther that sexual desire is human nature, it is difficult to repression. Therefore, he persuaded a group of nuns from the monastery, and to help them find husbands.
The early 16th century
Henry VIII created the biggest trouble. He was a devout Catholic, in order to have a son to inherit the throne, he decided to divorce with Queen Catherine, but was rejected by the Holy See. Henry VIII break altogether with the Holy See announced the self-hill, you can create a religious divorce.
Protestant in virtually raised the status of women. As the Protestant idea, as early as 20 years in the 16th century, Britain's women gained the freedom of divorce; and to enable women from excessive toil, contraception and birth control has become a popular Protestant community are respected practice.
Henry VIII, in addition to "create" modern American foreign (the expulsion of his life and death of those diehards who refused to divorce by "Mayflower" was to the New World _set_ up the United States - today the world's highest divorce rate), he or modern the community's first divorced. His divorce is the real religious meaning from the complete cut off. This can never be divorced unshakable crashed.
1553
Bloody Mary ascended the throne. Henry VIII used up a lifetime effort, wanted a son to inherit the throne, he got his wish, but that weak that only had 6 years boy king died. Henry VIII was the first queen to kill the daughter of Mary took over the throne, as the first modern society, the victims of a divorce, she started a terrible revenge: to restore Catholic rule and all the medieval practice of Protestants started the brutal suppression, just three years, she was burnt to death in London and more than 300 people. There are still a lot of the disunited couple, "not to harm the child" is not grounds for divorce.
1558
1625
Puritan wives of the proposed Weilianguqi called partner as "husband", and certainly not to call them, "Honey, honey, honey, baby child, my favorite, a small duck, small Panzhu" category.
17th century
King Charles II's physician invented the condom. Its raw material is the lamb of the appendix. It was a sensation in the global event. Thanks to the invention of the physician received the title, the United Kingdom also earn substantial foreign exchange. The thin little thing, to the women to enjoy sex the most fundamental protection of a large-scale reduction of illegitimate children.
1725
齐亚科莫卡萨 Nova - born people lover, born in Venice. In his travels, the record of hundreds of his mistress (mostly married women), which can call on the name alone 116. Two centuries later, "lover" and "Dream Lover" is separate from the spirit of condemnation of married men and women derailed object.
1750
With the continuous increase in the unmarried condition, some New England town trying to ban "the same places," the habit of wearing clothes as long as both sides or the middle partition separated, dating, a couple can sleep together. To the end of the century feminist Mary Wollstonecraft in "for defending the rights of women," a book for the first time on the restrictive marriage to a powerful attack.
The late 18th century
Women in marriage have been able to stand, often delayed marriage until their raised enough dowry far. European workers are usually adjusted for a long engagement, during this period, 40% of the labor couples choose cohabitation before marriage, and even the unmarried - which in the upper class can not be imagined. Although the church is strictly prohibited, but this phenomenon can not stop to become a common phenomenon.
1848
"Communist Manifesto" was born, the article mentioned: the capitalist system, so that men and women of the eternal marriage sentimental veil. In fact, a lot of people will agree with representatives of the Chicago school of another similar assertion Becker: God's eye clinics and may apply to transactions.
December 1879
"A Doll's House" premiered at the Royal Theatre in Copenhagen. Play off a shock half-century of controversy. Debate to the fierce, the cartoonist and even the "new woman" wife and "brutally trampled" the theme of satirising the husband. Although Ibsen was already accustomed to bad reviews, but this time the voice of protest throughout Europe, he was surprised. Today, Nora has become synonymous with the awakening of women, whether she did or left reflected the female doll to human society, attempts to "full citizens" struggle. European countries have legislation on women who actually have the right to Nora of her husband to the bank loans, which 10 years ago, is simply an impossible thing.
1857
Napoleon III and the Government of Flaubert "Madame Bovary," a book publisher prosecution, accusing them of deliberately insult to morality. But a defense lawyer's eloquence, coupled with public awareness of the sympathy of Madame Bovary, Napoleon III eventually lost. "Pan" has achieved a brilliant victory.
August 1888
蒙娜凯尔德 in the "Westminster Review" published an article on marriage, a small revolution, the result detonated closed pot in the United Kingdom. Just less than two months, the newspaper received 27,000 letters. Since then, even the most stubborn conservative British novelist has finally given up getting married for the novel's "happy ending." Sex and marriage to expose the dark side of the novel became a popular element.
1870
The first wave hit the world of divorce. With divorce, the ubiquitous disco music 100 years before the lot of heated discussions, the feminist movement has aroused the woman seeking self-reliance and desire to get rid of an unhappy marriage. 1870 to 1900, the United States the divorce rate increased by 6 times.
April 30, 1895
Oscar Wilde homosexuals against their "indecent acts" in the trial said: "The name of this love, no one dared to mention this century. But it is an older man for a young man by the resulting very great feeling, like David and Jonathan, as the basis of Platonic philosophy, just like you from Michelangelo and Shakespeare's works found in the spirit. It is the profound spiritual love, both pure and flawless. "
Mid-19th century
1903
December 1, 1927
Chiang Kai-shek in Shanghai, Kunshan Road, King Lam Church Song Christian wedding ceremony at home, then went to the luxurious Majestic Hotel at the most traditional flavor of the wedding. Some statistics, Chiang, Soong married in Shanghai, spent several million dollars. Shanghai three English-language newspaper reported that: This is a prominent Chinese wedding ceremony. Shanghai newspaper headline: "China-US cooperation" (Chiang Kai-shek and Soong Mei) is point to understand the essence of this marriage.宋氏三姐妹 the State Incident housework, three women about the political situation in China half a century, they transformed the Chinese with the fate of marriage.
October 1931
Pu Yi and Wen Xiu divorce agreement was reached outside the court. Grounds for divorce 9 years of marriage for the two never actually have sex. This became breaking news, newspaper headline used the net is "concubine Revolution" and "unprecedented - Princess divorce fight with the emperor," and so on, and "divorced five conditions" in the last one: "by mutual agreement, the text people are not allowed to remarry after divorce embroidery. "
1944
Qian began writing "Fortress Besieged", works the main characters, life is very embarrassed, and marriage gradually become a farce. "Besieged City" became a classic moral of marriage: people want to go outside, people inside to come out.
August 8, 1950
Zhou Enlai and Deng Yingchao 25th wedding anniversary photo. The couple's love was seen as the perfect embodiment of Chinese traditional virtues.
1953
"Playboy" grand opening, encouraging men to "enjoy the happiness of women must be provided without having to involve feelings", of course, include a marriage.
1960
Britain there was an "exchange of sexual partners", the United States published the "Playboy" for a woman to provide a penis-shaped plastic vibrator pharmacies in major cities are placed in a prominent position on the window. Become a weapon of protest, hippies, rebels who have a call for "to love, not war" slogan. Themes must decisively break the marriage.
1965
Love dating show "The Dating Game" became a popular prime-time programming. In 1967, the U.S. Supreme Court to repeal all laws prohibiting interracial marriages.
China's "Cultural Revolution" in China during the climax of the second divorce, the number of divorces up to 180 million pairs. China's other two "divorce boom" are in the 20th century 50's and early 90's.
1970
Israel and the United States occurred in the social commune, a relationship between men and women gave birth to a child, but the kids do not know which man, they elected a committee to raise the child. Unfortunately, test results showed that Utopia: recognition of blood on the child's development is most important. Population growth and the survival of civilization again, requires monogamy.
The mid-1980s to the 1990s
The second wave of the world of divorce. Divorce rate in the United States rose to 50%, with this figure to predict that today half of married people out of marriage.
1996
China Taiwan famous TV program "very men and women" begin broadcasting. Site a match more than 500 pairs, with the ultimate conclusion with reasonable less than 40 pairs. Two years later, the Shanghai "Meet Saturday" on air, played more than 300 guests, gonna get married are not a pair; July 1998 Hunan TV "Rose," the official broadcast date, more than 300 male and female guests, the real Meet in hand, also 10, a few pairs.
1996
"Town & Country" magazine introduced the world's first theme of a wedding website.
May 1998
Anton's "absolute privacy - Oral Record feelings of Chinese people," published a best-seller. Chinese _set_ off anti-marriage trend.
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