hūn yīn jiā tíng morality of marriage and family 影视同名中国话剧传统戏剧戏剧评论影视同名影视评论群星荟萃莺歌燕乐音乐莺歌燕乐群星荟萃儿童小说寓言童话人物传记军事纪实穿越历史笔记杂录纪实报告历险小说心理学小说恐怖悬疑推理侦探军事生活战争动漫同志小说女性小说情与欲言情青春校园现实百态职场商界都市生活黑白两道乡土风情知青文革三言二拍世态人情侠义小说公案小说其它古典唐宋传奇宗教小说手抄艳情才子佳人演义说部神魔志怪讽刺谴责话本小说鸳鸯蝴蝶哲理小说武侠科幻小说网络小说超现实小说魔奇侠玄人物传记军事纪实穿越历史笔记杂录纪实报告演义说部诗人评传诗歌文集诗歌评论诗歌鉴赏道教词道教诗散文散文评鉴散文诗散文集日记书信杂文笑林随笔骈文作家评传小说评论小说选集故事演绎短篇小说体育健儿体育运动健美健身兵器武术商界精英经济商企职场培训金融股票两性生活休闲娱乐养生健康天天美容女性天空婚姻家庭时尚分享励志感悟学校学案教学演讲蒙学文学思考汉语书法文房四宝棋牌篆刻雕塑绘画设计人文学者哲学思考新闻媒介时政法律生理心理社会学美学信息科学军事类农业类动物医学类地质学天文算法类术数类植物环境科学生物学百科全书科学家科普诸子杂家书类儒家类四书类圣经类孝经类小学类文化思考易类春秋类法家类社交礼仪经书评论诗经类道家类释家类体育健儿商界精英作家评传人文学者科学家诗人评传世界历史书信别史史论史评官职政书断代杂史正史纪事本末编年诏令奏议载记通史春秋类地记方志方言民俗名山大川园林建筑异国风情旅游文化旅游经济旅游记录风景名胜水果菜谱饮料饮食文化人类与考古博物地理类文物古董

hūn yīn jiā tíng morality of marriage and family 阅读 hūn yīn jiā tíng morality of marriage and family 作品!!! 　　hūnyīn 　　 shì yì： 　　(1)[marriage] ∶ jià qǔ de shì。 jià hé qǔ dōushì duì nán hé nǚ jié hé zài yī qǐ gòng tóng shēng huó zhè me yī zhǒng shè huì xiàn xiàng de biǎo shù， jià shì cóng nǚ fāng shuō de， qǔ shì cóng nán fāng shuō de， yòu jià bì yòu qǔ， yòu qǔ bì yòu jià， jià hé qǔ tóng shí cún zài， cóng 'èr zhě de cí yì shàng lái jiǎng， bìng méi yòu nán hé nǚ nǎ yī fāng chǔyú cóng shǔ dì wèi de hán yì。 　　(2)[matrimony]∶ nán rén hé nǚ rén jié wéi fū qī； yǐ jié hūn de zhuàng tài。 　　 hūn yīn de yóu lái： 　　 hūn yīn， gǔ shí yòu chēng ' hūn yīn ' huò ' hūn yīn '。 yī bān 'ér yán， hūn yīn yī cí de qǐ yuán yòu sān zhǒng shuō fǎ： hàn cháo de zhèng xuán shuō， hūn yīn zhǐ de shì jià qǔ zhī lǐ。 zài wǒ guó gǔ dài de hūn lǐ zhōng， nán fāng tōng cháng zài huáng hūn shí dào nǚ jiā yíng qīn， ér nǚ fāng suí zhe nán fāng chū mén， zhè zhǒng ' nán yǐ hūn shí yíng nǚ， nǚ yīn nán 'ér lái ' de xí sú， jiù shì ' hūn '' yīn ' yī cí de qǐ yuán。 huàn jù huà shuō， hūn yīn shì zhǐ nán qǔ nǚ jià de guò chéng。 　　 shì jiè zhù yào guó jiā fǎ dìng jié hūn nián líng 　　 zhōng guó fǎ dìng jié hūn nián líng nán 22 zhōu suì， nǚ 20 zhōu suì。 zhī hòu jiù suàn wǎn hūn 　　 shì jiè zhù yào guó jiā fǎ dìng jié hūn nián líng fù jīng jì xué fēn xī 　　 shì jiè zhù yào guó jiā fǎ dìng jié hūn nián líng rú xià： yī lǎng fǎ dìng jié hūn nián líng 9 suì； hé lán fǎ dìng jié hūn nián líng 12 suì； é luó sī fǎ dìng jié hūn nián líng 14 suì； fǎ guó fǎ dìng jié hūn nián líng 15 suì； fěi lǜ bīn fǎ dìng jié hūn nián líng 16 suì； hán guó fǎ dìng jié hūn nián líng 16 suì； rì běn nán 18 suì、 nǚ 16 suì； bā xī 16 suì； zhōng guó xiāng gǎng 16 suì； zhōng guó tái wān 16 suì； měi guó gè zhōu bù yī， bù fēn zhōu guī dìng， rú shuāng fāng wèi mǎn chéng nián rén nián líng， xū jīng fù mǔ tóng yì fāng kě jié hūn， yòu de zhōu guī dìng nán zǐ bù mǎn 18 suì、 nǚ zǐ bù mǎn 16 suì zhě， jí shǐ fù mǔ tóng yì yě bù néng jié hūn。 ài dá hé、 mì xī xī bǐ、 xīn zé xī hé huá shèng dùn děng zhōu zé yǔn xǔ nián mǎn 14 suì de nán hái、 nián mǎn 12 suì de nǚ hái jié hūn 　　 rén lèi hūn yīn shǐ 　　 zhuī sù dào yuán shǐ shí dài， jiù yòu liǎo suǒ wèi de hūn yīn， zhè shì yī zhǒng qún jū gāo děng shēng mìng de běn néng shǔ xìng， zì rán fǎ zé huì yòng yì xìng xiāng xī de lì liàng， shǐ bǔ rǔ lèi shēng mìng fán yǎn shēng xī。 rén lèi de hūn yīn cún zài xíng shì yǐ jí jié hé fāng shì， shòu rén lèi shè huì huán jìng de yǐng xiǎng。 bù tóng shí dài hé dì qū de shè huì huán jìng， zào jiù liǎo duō yàng de hūn yīn mó shì， yǐ jí jié hé fāng shì。 kē xué de yì yì shàng kàn， rú guǒ méi yòu hūn yīn， hěn duō xuè tǒng jiù huì chū xiàn hùn luàn， bù lì yú rén men de yōu liáng fán yǎn。 　　 yuán shǐ rén lèi bìng bù xū yào hūn yīn， zhè gēn jīn tiān de líng cháng dòng wù shì yī yàng de， bù bì xì shuō。 hòu lái yòu liǎo shì zú shè huì， cǎi yòng de shì jí tǐ qún hūn zhì， jí yī gè shì zú de nán xìng huò nǚ xìng jí tǐ jià dào lìng yī gè shì zú。 zhè yě shì zài jìn huà guò chéng zhōng wèile zú qún fán yǎn hé fáng zhǐ luàn lún dǎo zhì zú qún tuì huà 'ér xíng chéng de yī gè xí sú。 zài hòu lái jìn rù liǎo sī yòu zhì shè huì， cái yòu liǎo yī duì yī huò yī duì shù de gù dìng de fū qī guān xì， yú shì jiù chǎn shēng liǎo hūn yīn zhì dù。 　　 zhí dé zhǐ chū de shì， yóu yú hūn yīn chǎn shēng yú sī yòu zhì， suǒ yǐ tā yī zhí yǔ rén de cái chǎn guān xì mìqiè xiāng guān。 yóu yú nán zǐ shì sī yòu zhì shè huì de zhù tǐ， suǒ yǐ nǚ zǐ yī zhí bèi kàn zuò nán zǐ de cái chǎn， yú shì duō shù gǔ dài shè huì shì yī fū duō qī zhì。 ér qiě qiǎng hūn、 mǎi mài qī qiè děng xiàn xiàng yě yuán yú cǐ。 yóu yú sī yòu zhì de cái chǎn yóu yú xuè yuán guān xì zhōng de nán xìng jì chéng， wèile bǎo zhèng xuè yuán de chún jìng， jiù yòu liǎo “ chǔnǚ qíng jié ” hé duì nǚ zǐ xìng xíng wéi de yán gé yuē shù。 　　 dāng chū xiàn liǎo bù luò hé guó jiā děng shè huì zǔ zhì zhī hòu， hūn yīn yòu chéng liǎo yī zhǒng zhèng zhì chóu mǎ。 cóng bù zú de tōng hūn， dào guó jiā tǒng zhì zhě zhī jiān de“ lián yīn”， dōushì shì tú tōng guò hūn yīn lái dá dào zhèng zhì mùdì。 zhí dào jīn tiān， hūn yīn réng bèi fù háo jiā tíng yòng yú jié méng hé lǐ shùn cái chǎn jì chéng guān xì。 　　 zhì yú zài zì rán xiǎo nóng jīng jì shè huì zhōng， hūn yīn zé shì yī zhǒng láo dòng de fēn gōng zǔ hé， jí suǒ wèi“ nán gēng nǚ zhì”，“ nán zhù wài nǚ zhù nèi”。 ér zài xiàn dài shè huì zhōng de lǎo bǎi xìng， hūn yīn zé shì wèile zǔ chéng yī gè jiā tíng， zài mǎn zú rén de zhèng cháng shēng huó xū yào de tóng shí， chéng dān wèijiā zú hé shè huì yǎng yù hòu dài de zé rèn hé yì wù， yě shì rén de yī zhǒng guī sù。 　　 zōng hé kàn lái， hūn yīn shì zì rán de fǎ zé， wéi bèi zhè yī fǎ zé de rén， huì gěi zì jǐ dài lái yī xiē fán nǎo。 rén lèi de hūn yīn fā zhǎn shǐ dà yuē jīng lì liǎo zhè yàng jǐ gè jiē duàn： zá luàn xìng jiāo shí qī、 qún hūn（ xuè yuán qún hūn、 zú wài qún hūn）、 duì 'ǒu hūn、 yī fū yī qī zhì。 　　 zá luàn xìng jiāo 　　 zá luàn xìng jiāo shí qī rén qún zá jū， cǎi jí zhí wù， shí yòng yú xiā hé dòng wù。 shàng dì shàng wèi jiāng rén zhú chū yī diàn yuán， rén hái wèi chī shàn 'è guǒ， wú xiū chǐ zhī xīn， fù mǔ xiōng dì jiě mèi zá chù xìng jiāo， háo wú xiàn dài rén de“ luàn lún” guān niàn。 zài zhōng guó shén huà zhōng， fú xī hé nǚ wā nǎi shì xiōng mèi xiāng jiāo hé； zài gǔ xī là shén huà zhōng， zhòu sī hé hè lā yě shì xiōng mèi wéi fū fù， dà dì zhī mǔ gāi yà shēng liǎo zhòng duō zǐ nǚ， yòu yǐ zì jǐ de 'ér zǐ wéi xīn fū； zài《 shèng jīng》 lǐ， shèn zhì zài yé hé huá què lì liǎo nán xìng zhōng xīn dì wèi zhī hòu， hái néng dú dào guān yú suǒ duō mǎ 'é mó lā bèi huǐ miè hòu， suǒ liú de luó dé hé liǎng gè nǚ 'ér， wèile chuán dì hòu yì， nǚ 'ér guàn zuì liǎo fù qīn yǔ zhī tóng qǐn de gù shì， zhè yě shì yuán shǐ de zá luàn xìng jiāo de jì yì。 　　 zá luàn xìng jiāo shì wéi liǎo fán yǎn hòu dài， zuì zhōng bì dìng xíng chéng， zhǐ zhī qí mǔ bù zhī yòu fù de yǐ mǔ qīn wéi zhù de shè huì guān xì。 zhèng rú mǎ yǐ hé mì fēng de shì jiè， shì“ mǔ hòu” de tǒng zhì。 zhōng guó gǔ dài shèng rén de chū shēn， wǎng wǎng shì mǔ qīn cǎi liǎo shén jì、 tūn liǎo dà xīng， huò zhě yǔ shén wù jiāo hé 'ér shēng， bù zhī yòu fù。 dàn shì yǐ mǔ qīn wéi zhù de shè huì guān xì， yǔ shēng chǎn lì de fā zhǎn xíng chéng máo dùn。 dāng shè huì jìn rù gèng gāo de jiē duàn， shòu liè hé bǔ yú yè rì jiàn fā dá， nán rén zài shēng chǎn láo dòng zhōng， lì liàng de yōu shì bù duàn tǐ xiàn， zhè jiù bàn suí zhe duì dì wèi de xū qiú。 　　 qún hūn jí duì 'ǒu hūn 　　 nán rén de lì liàng yōu shì kāi shǐ tiǎo zhàn mǔ qīn de quán wēi， tóng shí yě tiǎo zhàn fù qīn de quán wēi， zhè bì dìng zài xìng de fēn pèi shàng yòu liǎo chōng tū， ér dà chōng tū， zhēng duó xìng bàn lǚ， shèn zhì huì dǎo zhì qún tǐ miè wáng。 rén lèi xué jiā fā xiàn shí jǐ wàn nián qián， ōu zhōu yòu yī gè bèi chēng wéi ní dé tè rén de zhǒng zú， gēn jù gǔ gé huà shí biǎo míng， qí shēn cái gāo dà， tǐ bó qiáng jiàn， hòu què shén mì xiāo shī。 shì fǒu jiù shì zài zhè yàng de nèi bù zhēng dǒu zhōng xiāng hù cán shā 'ér wáng de ní？ yī fāng miàn shì shēng cún de běn néng hé xìng de běn néng cù shǐ lì liàng qiáng dà zhě yào huò dé quán lì hé dì wèi， cóng 'ér wǎ jiě xiàn yòu de zú qún； yī fāng miàn zé shì rén lèi de fā zhǎn yào qiú wéi chí wěn dìng de qún tǐ。 zěn me bàn？ sū lián shǐ xué jiā xiè miáo nuò fū《 hūn yīn hé jiā tíng de qǐ yuán》 rèn wéi， yuán shǐ rén yǐ kào“ xìng jìn jì” lái wéi chí xiāng duì shí jiān de wěn dìng。“ xìng jìn jì” yào qiú zài shòu liè shí qī huò zhě bǔ yú shí qī， jìn zhǐ rèn hé de xìng jiāo huó dòng， shèn zhì jìn zhǐ jiē chù yǔ nǚ rén yòu guān de dōng xī， fǒu zé jiù bèi rèn wéi shì chù fàn shén míng， nǎi shì sǐ zuì。 yīn wéi shòu liè hé bǔ yú de huó dòng， guān xì zú qún de shēng cún， zhè shí hòu rú chū xiàn yīn wéi xìng de zhēng duó yǐn fā de nèi luàn， shì bì dǎo zhì zú qún de fù wáng。 　　 dàn shì， suí zhe shòu liè hé bǔ yú shí qī bù duàn yán cháng，“ xìng jìn jì” yě yuè lái yuè pín fán， zhè bù néng jiě jué wèn tí， bì xū yòu xīn de xiàn zhì。 ēn gé sī rèn wéi， rén lèi zuì gǔ lǎo de jiā tíng xíng shì shì qún hūn， tā jiāng qún hūn jiē duàn fēn jiě wéi： yī、 xuè yuán jiā tíng， jí jǐn jǐn pái chì zǔ xiān hé zǐ sūn zhī jiān、 shuāng qīn hé zǐ nǚ zhī jiān hù wéi fū qī， qí tā xiōng dì jiě mèi jiē kě。 èr shì， pǔ nà lù yà jiā tíng， jí tóng bāo（ mǔ fāng de） jiě mèi hé xiōng dì jiān， bù kě xìng jiāo。 tā méi shuō míng wèishénme yào yòu zhè yàng de xiàn zhì。 zhì yú xiàn zhì dí qīn jiān de tōng hūn shì wéi liǎo bǎo zhèng hòu dài zhì liàng de shuō fǎ yě bèi zhèng míng shì bù kē xué de。 ér xiè miáo nuò fū suǒ shuō de， wèile bì miǎn nèi bù de hùn luàn hé chōng tū de tí fǎ shì kě rèn tóng de： dì yī zhǒng xíng shì， wèile fáng zhǐ fàn shàng zuò luàn； dì 'èr zhǒng， shì wéi chí chéng nián xióng xìng de xiāng hù kuān róng， xiāo chú jí dù。 　　 pǔ nà lù yà jiā tíng xíng shì， bì dìng huì shǐ dé zú qún fēn huà wéi yī xiē shì zú。 zài tóng yī gè shì zú zhōng， jiě mèi yǔ xiōng dì zhī jiān， bù kě tōng hūn。 zhè jiù kāi shǐ liǎo bù tóng shì zú zhī jiān de tōng hūn， jìn rù liǎo zú wài de qún hūn jiē duàn。 yī qún nán rén， gòng tóng dì yǔ lìng yī shì zú de yī qún nǚ rén tōng hūn， fǎn zhī yě shì。 zú wài hūn， wéi chí liǎo běn shì zú de hé xié， xiāo miè liǎo jí dù， fā zhǎn liǎo zú qún。 zú wài qún hūn fā zhǎn dào xīn jiē duàn， jiù shì duì 'ǒu hūn， jí， yī gè nán zǐ yǐ yī qún nǚ zǐ wéi qī zǐ， qí zhōng yòu gè zhù qī； fǎn zhī， yī gè nǚ zǐ yě yòu yī qún nán zǐ wéi fū， qí zhōng yòu zhù fū。 xiàn dài zhōng guó yún nán mó suō rén zài zhèng cháng de yī fū yī qī zhì xià， hái wéi chí“ zǒu hūn” de xíng shì， qí shí jiù shì duì 'ǒu hūn de cán liú xíng tài。 　　 dàn shì， suí zhe nán xìng zài shēng chǎn huó dòng zhōng de dì wèi yuè lái yuè gāo， bì dìng yào tiǎo zhàn mǔ quán， jiǔ 'ér jiǔ zhī， nǚ rén cóng shǔ yú nán rén， chéng wéi liǎo nán rén de cái chǎn。 　　 yī fū yī qī zhì 　　 　　 fù quán díquè lì， cái chǎn de sī yòu huà， wèile bǎo zhèng hòu dài zǐ xī néng gòu jì chéng fù qīn de cái chǎn， yào qiú zǐ xī xuè mài de chún jié xìng， tóng shí hái zǐ xū què rèn fù qīn de shēn fèn。 zhè jiù yì wèi zhe duì 'ǒu hūn zhōng， jiāng yǐ yī fū duō qī de xíng shì bǎo cún xià lái； yě duì nǚ zǐ de zhēn jié xìng tí chū liǎo yào qiú。 ér xuè mài de zhèng tǒng xìng yào qiú， jí biàn shì yī fū duō qī zhì， yě xū yòu gè zhù qī， xiàng yà bó lā hǎn de qī zǐ sǎ lā， wéi liǎo ràng 'ér zǐ yǐ sǎ jì chéng cái chǎn， jiāng shǐ nǚ xià jiá jí qí hái zǐ gǎn zǒu。 ér yī fū yī qī zhì de jiā tíng， shì zhè zhǒng yào qiú de zuì zhōng jiēguǒ。 　　 suǒ yǐ 'ēn gé sī shuō， yī fū yī qī zhì shì bù yǐ zì rán tiáo jiàn wéi jī chǔ de， ér yǐ jīng jì tiáo jiàn wéi jī chǔ de， shì sī yòu zhì duì yuán shǐ gōng yòu zhì de shèng lì。 jiā tíng jiù shì yī gè jīng jì jié hé tǐ， nǚ rén shì nán rén de cóng shǔ wù， shì cái chǎn。 yīn 'ér， bù cún zài hūn yīn de lí yì xìng。 dàn shì， xiàn dài de hūn yīn jiā tíng， yào qiú yǐ 'ài qíng wéi jī chǔ， ér nán nǚ de dú lì， yóu qí shì jīng jì de dú lì， xiāo jiě liǎo jīng jì jié hé tǐ shì bì xū de xíng shì， nǚ xìng yě bù zài cóng shǔ yú nán xìng， ér tóng shí， ài qíng yě bìng bù yī dìng néng gòu chí xù。 zhè jiù shì wèishénme xiàn dài jiā tíng lí yì xiàn xiàng rì qū yán zhòng。 nà me， zhè shì fǒu yì wèi zhe， yīnggāi jiě tǐ yī fū yī qī zhì， xún qiú yǐ 'ài qíng huò xìng běn néng wéi chí de hūn yīn guān xì ní？ zhí dé tǎo lùn。 　　 hūn yīn zài fǎ xué shàng de gài niàn 　　 zuò wéi hūn yīn fǎ tiáozhěng duì xiàng、 hūn yīn fǎ xué yán jiū duì xiàng de“ hūn yīn”， bì xū yòu yī gè míng què de fǎ xué gài niàn。 hūn yīn de fǎ xué gài niàn yīngdāng yǔ mín fǎ xué zhōng de mín shì xíng wéi gài niàn xiāng duì yìng， bìng néng zài hūn yīn fǎ xué tǐ xì zhōng shǐ zhōng rú yī。 tā yìng hán gài yǐ xià sān céng hán yì： yǐ nán nǚ liǎng xìng jié hé wéi jī chǔ； yǐ gòng tóng shēng huó wéi mùdì； jù yòu fū qī shēn fèn de gōng shì xìng。 tā yìng bāo kuò gè zhǒng hé fǎ hūn yīn hé wéi fǎ hūn yīn， néng jiāng qí yǔ hūn qián xìng xíng wéi、 nà qiè、 pīn jū、 fēi hūn tóng jū děng xiàn xiàng qū fēn kāi lái， ér yìng bì miǎn hé jié hūn、 hūn yīn guān xì děng fǎ xué gài niàn hùn wéi yī tán。 　　 yǐ nán nǚ liǎng xìng jié hé wéi jī chǔ 　　 zhè shì hūn yīn de zì rán céng cì shàng de hán yì。 nán nǚ liǎng xìng de shēng lǐ chā bié、 rén lèi gù yòu de xìng běn néng， shì hūn yīn lài yǐ xíng chéng de zì rán yīn sù， yě shì hūn yīn gù yòu de zì rán shǔ xìng， zhè zhǒng zì rán shǔ xìng shì hūn yīn guān xì qū bié yú qí tā shè huì guān xì de zhòng yào tè zhēng， rú guǒ méi yòu shàng shù zhǒng zhǒng zì rán yīn sù， rén lèi shè huì gēn běn jiù bù kě néng chū xiàn hūn yīn。 　　 zòng guān zhěng gè hūn yīn fā zhǎn shǐ， hūn yīn dōushì yǐ nán nǚ liǎng xìng de jié hé wéi nèi hán。 ēn gé sī zài《 jiā tíng、 sī yòu zhì hé guó jiā de qǐ yuán》 yī wén zhōng， bù jǐn yán jiū liǎo hūn yīn de qǐ yuán hé fā zhǎn， ér qiě duì wèi lái shè huì de hūn yīn jìn xíng liǎo tuī xiǎng。 méng mèi shí dài、 yě mán shí dài de qún hūn zhì、 duì 'ǒu hūn zhì xià de hūn yīn shì yì xìng zhī jiān de jié hé， yǔ wén míng shí dài xiāng shì yìng de yǐ tōng jiān hé mài yín wéi bǔ chōng de yī fū yī qī zhì， cóng míng chēng běn shēn jiù shuō míng liǎo tā shì nán nǚ liǎng xìng zhī jiān de jié hé。 cóng 'ēn gé sī duì yī fū yī qī zhì qǐ yuán de fēn xī， gèng kě yǐ kàn chū tā bì rán yào qiú yì xìng jié wéi hūn yīn。“ yī fū yī qī zhì bù yǐ zì rán tiáo jiàn wéi jī chǔ， ér yǐ jīng jì tiáo jiàn。 　　 yǐ gòng tóng shēng huó wéi mùdì 　　 hūn yīn de mùdì shì shénme？ bù tóng de guó jiā， bù tóng de lì shǐ shí qī， yòu bù tóng de biǎo shù。 wǒ guó gǔ dài yī zhí yǐ“ shàng yǐ shì zōng miào， xià yǐ jì hòu shì” wéi hūn yīn de mùdì； jī dū jiào hūn yīn， jié hūn de mùdì zài yú zǐ nǚ de shēng yǎng jiào yù yǐ jí fū qī jiān de hù xiāng fú yǎng hé xìng yào qiú de wèi jiè； jìn xiàn dài gè guó de fǎ lǜ yě duì hūn yīn de mùdì zuò liǎo zhǒng zhǒng guī dìng。 zhè xiē“ mùdì” suī rán fēn fán fù zá， dàn tòu guò zhè xiē biǎo miàn de mùdì， wǒ men kě yǐ fā xiàn tā men yòu yī diǎn shì gòng tóng de， nà jiù shì tā mendōu qiáng diào jié wéi hūn yīn de nán nǚ shuāng fāng bì xū“ gòng tóng shēng huó”。 zhè jì shì hūn yīn duì dāng shì rén zhù guān xīn lǐ zhuàng tài de yào qiú， yě shì yī zhí wéi rén men suǒ zhuī qiú de hūn yīn zài lǐ xiǎng céng cì de hán yì。 　　 suǒ wèi“ gòng tóng shēng huó”， shì zhǐ jū zhù zài yī qǐ， chéng wéi tóng yī gè jiā tíng de chéng yuán， chù zài tóng yī gè shēng huó xiāo fèi gòng tóng tǐ zhōng。 yī bān qíng kuàng xià， hái bāo kuò fū qī zhī jiān de xìng shēng huó hé fū qī jiān de hù jìng hù 'ài。 shǐ shàng kuān xiān shēng rèn wéi，“ gòng tóng shēng huó” yī bān wéi“ jīng shén de shēng huó gòng tóng（ hù xiāng qīn 'ài、 jīng shén de jié hé）、 xìng de shēng huó gòng tóng（ ròu de jié hé） jí jīng jì de shēng huó gòng tóng（ jiā jì gòng yòu），” zhè shì duì“ gòng tóng shēng huó” quán bù nèi róng de gài kuò。 　　 jù yòu fū qī shēn fèn de gōng shì xìng 　　 fū qī shēn fèn de gōng shì xìng， shì hūn yīn de xiàn xiàng céng cì shàng de hán yì。 tā yào qiú hūn yīn shuāng fāng dāng shì rén yìng jù yòu gōng kāi de fū qī shēn fèn。 hūn yīn gài niàn de zhè yī céng hán yì， bāo hán liǎng fāng miàn de nèi róng。 　　 dì yī， nán nǚ shuāng fāng bì xū yǐ fū qī míng yì tóng jū shēng huó， zhōu wéi qún zhòng yě rèn wéi tā men shì fū qī。 　　 yě jiù shì shuō， nán nǚ shuāng fāng jì yào jù yòu fū qī shēng huó de nèi zài nèi róng， zài wài bù xíng shì shàng hái yìng yòu gōng zhòng suǒ chéng rèn de fū qī shēn fèn。 hūn qián xìng xíng wéi、 nà qiè、 pīn jū、 fēi hūn tóng jū děng xiàn xiàng de cún zài， yào qiú hūn yīn fǎ xué jiàn lì xiāng yìng de fǎ xué míng cí。 ér yào bǎ zhè xiē fǎ xué míng cí hé hūn yīn de gài niàn qū fēn kāi lái， jiù bì rán yào qiú hūn yīn de gài niàn yǐ“ fū qī shēn fèn de gōng shì xìng” wéi nèi hán。 　　 dì 'èr， fū qī shēn fèn zhǐ yào wéi gōng zhòng rèn kě， bù xū yào jù yòu hé fǎ xìng。 　　 hūn yīn fǎ xué jiè pǔ biàn rèn wéi，“ hé fǎ” shì hūn yīn gài niàn de bì yào nèi hán。 zhè yǔ hūn yīn fǎ xué zhōng yòu guān hūn yīn zhǒng lèi de lǐ lùn xiāng máo dùn， yǔ wǒ guó fǎ lǜ fǎ guī de nèi róng yě bù wěn hé； jì bù lì yú cóng zhěng gè lì shǐ fā zhǎn guò chéng lái yán jiū hūn yīn zhì dù， yě bù lì yú cóng shì jiè fàn wéi lái yán jiū hūn yīn zhì dù； ér qiě yǔ wǒ guó mù qián de hūn yīn zhuàng kuàng yě bù xiāngchèn。 zài fǎ lǜ fǎ guī hé hūn yīn fǎ xué diǎn jí zhōng， shè jí gè zhǒng hūn yīn： bāo bàn hūn yīn， shì zhǐ dì sān zhě（ bāo kuò fù mǔ） wéi fǎn hūn yīn zì zhù de yuán zé， bāo bàn qiǎngpò tā rén hūn yīn de xíng wéi； mǎi mài hūn yīn， shì zhǐ dì sān zhě（ bāo kuò fù mǔ） yǐ suǒ qǔ dà liàng cái wù wéi mùdì， bāo bàn qiǎngpò tā rén hūn yīn de xíng wéi（ cān jiàn 1992 nián 2 yuè 2 rì《 zuì gāo rén mín fǎ yuàn guān yú guàn chè zhí xíng mín shì zhèng cè fǎ lǜ de yì jiàn》）； shì shí hūn yīn“ shì zhǐ nán nǚ shuāng fāng wèi jīng jié hūn dēng jì jí yǐ fū qī míng yì tóng jū shēng huó， ér qún zhòng yě rèn wéi shì fū qī guān xì de jié hé”； wú xiào hūn yīn，“ shì zhǐ wéi fǎn hūn yīn chéng lì yào jiàn de wéi fǎ hūn yīn”。 shàng shù zhǒng zhǒng hūn yīn， dōubù hé fǎ， dàn zài wǒ men de lì fǎ、 fǎ lǜ jiě shì hé fǎ xué yán jiū zhōng， dū shì tā men wéi hūn yīn。 yīn cǐ， wǒ men zài jiè dìng hūn yīn gài niàn shí zhǐ yìng què dìng jù yòu fū qī shēn fèn de gōng shì xìng， ér bù xū yào jù yòu hé fǎ xìng。 　　 hūn yīn de gè rén xū qiú 　　1. hūn yīn shēng huó mǎn zú gè rén xū qiú 　　 　　 gè rén xū qiú shì rén men xíng wéi de jī chǔ yǔ tuī dòng lì， zhè xiē xū qiú bì xū huò dé mǎn zú， xià liè de xū qiú zài hūn yīn jiā tíng shēng huó zhōng yóu qí zhòng yào： 　　 ⑴ ài héng héng zài hūn yīn zhōng zuì zhòng yào， zuì xiān mǎn zú de yīngshì 'ài qíng de kě qiú， hūn yīn zhōng de 'ài yě yìng bāo hán zhe chéng shí、 zé rèn xīn hé jǐyǔ de tài dù， jí róu hé de shì yìng néng lì。 　　 ⑵ ān quán gǎn héng héng nǚ rén bǐ nán rén gèng xū yào， huàn jù huà shuō， tā gèng yǐ lài nán rén， dào dé cāo shǒu yǔ jīng jì néng lì yě shì 'ān quán gǎn de yī bù fēn。 　　 ⑶ zì xìn héng héng měi gè réndōu xū yào bié rén de rèn kě， zàn měi huò píng děng dài yù， fū qī jiān gèng yòu cǐ xū yào。 hūn yīn shēng huó zhōng bǐ cǐ gǔ lì， zēng jiā duì fāng zì xìn， cái shì zhèng lù。 　　 ⑷ shēng yù héng héng zhèng cháng de hūn yīn yě mǎn zú bǐ cǐ xìng yù de xū qiú， shēng 'ér yù nǚ gèng shì zì rán de fā zhǎn， wán quán jù jué shēng yù dìng huì dǎo zhì hūn yīn shēng huó de liè hén。 　　 ⑸ jiā tíng quán wēi héng héng jiā tíng zhōng quán wēi zhí zé fēn míng。 ér tóng zài jiā tíng zhōng xué huì jiē shòu quán wēi， cái néng zhǎngdà hòu zài shè huì shàng zūn zhòng fǎ lǜ jí quán wēi。 　　2. xì xīn guàn gài hūn yīn de huā pǔ 　　⑴ duì yú pò huài fū qī guān xì de shì， yìng bǎo chí jǐng jué， bì miǎn cì shāng de wù yán huò wú wèi de zhēng chǎo。 　　⑵ píng shí duō jié jiāo duì jiā tíng shēng huó yòu bāng zhù de péng yǒu， duō jiāo huàn duì jiā tíng shēng huó de gè zhǒng yì jiàn。 　　⑶ fū qī liǎng rén yě xū bù shí de jiǎn tǎo hūn yīn shēng huó， xún qiú gǎi shàn。 　　⑷ chōng tū、 chǎo jià、 lěng zhàn shì wú fǎ bì miǎn de， yīn wéi měi gè réndōu yòu gǎn qíng chōng dòng， yào jǐn de shì bǎ měi cì chōng tū huà wéi chéngzhǎng jīng yàn， xué zhe kāi fàng gè rén de xīn xiōng， miàn duì xiàn shí。 wéi yòu 'ài hé wéi duì fāng zhuóxiǎng， cái néng huà jiě yī qiē。 　　 hūn yīn jiā tíng jiù shì 'ài qíng de huā pǔ， huā pǔ yào yòu zú gòu de kōng jiān lái chéngzhǎng， yòu jìhuà de zāizhòng， yòu shí yào fān tǔ， yòu shí yào shī féi， yòu shí yào yí zhí， yòu shí yào chǎn chú。 zhònghuā yào kàn jì jié， jì jié bù tóng， kāi de huā yě bù tóng， hūn yīn shēng huó yě yòu sì jì de biàn huà， měi gè jì jié yòu bù tóng de kùn nán yǔ wēi xiǎn， ér wēi xiǎn de yì sī， bù zhèng shuō míng“ wēi jī zhōng de wēi jī” má？ suǒ yǐ duì 'ài qíng xiǎo huā yào xì xīn guàn gài， rú guǒ ràng tā tóng yě cǎo yī qǐ cháng， bì huì bèi dǎo luàn sǐ， rèn tā shòu fēng chuī rì shài， bù huì cháng hǎo， wéi yòu nǔ lì de guàn gài， chōng fēn de zhǔn bèi， nài xīn de děng dài， zǎo wǎn láo kǔ cái huì yòu chéng guǒ。 　　3. sì gè hūn yīn wēi xiǎn qī 　　 dì yī gè wēi xiǎn qī： 　　 hái zǐ chū shēng shí fū qī liǎng rén de yā lì zhòu rán jiā dà， yuán lái de xī xì hé yú lè dà dà jiǎn shǎo， xìng shēng huó zhì liàng xià jiàng。 hái zǐ dào lái suǒ chǎn shēng de“ sān jiǎo” guān xì， gǎi biàn liǎo yuán lái de“ liǎng rén shì jiè”， fū qī duì hūn yīn tóng shí gǎn dào jǐn zhāng、 kùn huò、 máng rán。 　　 dì 'èr gè wēi xiǎn qī： 　　 hūn hòu sì zhì wǔ nián zhè shí qī fū qī róng yì jué dé shēng huó píng dàn fá wèi。 zhàng fū gōng zuò liǎo duō nián， què jiàn bù dào shénme guāng míng qián tú， gèng jiā lǎn yú zuò jiā wù； qī zǐ jì yào gōng zuò yòu yào zhào gù hái zǐ， máng dé bù kě kāi jiāo， fū qī dōuméi yòu xián qíng qīng qīng wǒ wǒ， zhè shí hòu tā men yòu kě néng lìng mì zhī yīn。 yòu wèi shè huì xué jiā diào chá liǎo qī shí wèi yǔ yòu fù zhī fū yòu rǎn de nǚ xìng， fā xiàn zhè xiē hūn wài qíng duō bàn shǐ yú dān chún de yǒu yì。 dāng zhàng fū huò qī zǐ bǎ běn yìng shuō gěi duì fāng tīng de zhī xīn huà xiàng bié rén qīng sù shí， fū qī shuāng fāng dū nán cí qí jiù。 　　 dì sān gè wēi xiǎn qī： 　　 hūn hòu qī nián zuǒ yòu shè huì xué jiā de diào chá fā xiàn， fū qī zài hūn hòu dì liù zhì shí nián zhī jiān， duì hūn yīn de mǎn zú chéng dù jiàng zhì zuì dī diǎn。 ér shí jì shàng， lí hūn fā shēng shuài yě zài hūn hòu dì qī zhì shí nián xíng chéng gāo fēng。 zhè shí hòu， fū qī shuāng fāng yìng yǐ zuì dà de rěn nài， zuì duō de guān huái lái bāng zhù duì fāng， yǐ bǎo zhèng hūn yīn de zhì liàng。 　　 dì sì gè wēi xiǎn qī： 　　 hūn hòu 'èr shí nián zuǒ yòu zhè shí hòu， nán nǚ shuāng fāng shēn tǐ zhuàng kuàng zhú jiàn fā shēng biàn huà。 qī zǐ jìn rù gēngnián qī wǎng wǎng fán zào bù 'ān， dān xīn zì jǐ mèi lì quán shī， zhàng fū zé wéi rì jiàn shuāi lǎo 'ér yōu xīn chōng chōng héng héng héng jīng lì bù zài chōng pèi， cái sī bù zài mǐn jié， dǎ lán qiú dǎ bù guò 'ér zǐ， tí shēng quán rán wú wàng。 cǐ shí tā zhèng xū yào lǐ jiě hé 'ān wèi， ér qī zǐ yě qià qià yòu tóng yàng yào qiú。 rú guǒ fū qī bù néng bǐ cǐ jǐyǔ， nà tā（ tā） jiù kě néng dào qí tā yì xìng nà lǐ qù xún mì。 　　 jié hūn jì niàn rì 　　 jié hūn zhōu nián yī bān yòu yǐ xià de chēng hū： 　　 　　 yī nián： zhǐ hūn 　　 èr nián： bù hūn 　　 sān nián： pí hūn 　　 sì nián： sī hūn / juàn hūn 　　 wǔ nián： mù hūn 　　 liù nián： tiě hūn 　　 qī nián： tóng hūn / máo hūn 　　 bā nián： diàn qì hūn / qīng tóng hūn 　　 jiǔ nián： táo qì hūn 　　 shí nián： xī hūn 　　 shí wǔ nián： shuǐ jīng hūn 　　 èr shí nián： cí hūn 　　 èr shí wǔ nián： yín hūn 　　 sān shí nián： zhēn zhū hūn 　　 sān shí wǔ nián： shān hú hūn / fěi cuì hūn 　　 sì shí nián： hóng bǎo shí hūn 　　 sì shí wǔ nián： lán bǎo shí hūn 　　 wǔ shí nián： jīn hūn 　　 wǔ shí wǔ nián： cuì yù hūn / lǜ bǎo shí hūn 　　 liù shí nián： zuàn shí hūn 　　 qī shí nián： bái jīn hūn 　　 zhōng guó gǔ dài hūn yīn 　　 　　 gǔ dài chéng hūn de nián líng， gè cháo dài bìng bù xiāng tóng。 chūn qiū shí qī， nán zǐ 20 jiāguàn， nǚ zǐ 16 jí jī， jí kě jié hūn； yòu wèi“ nán 30 ér qǔ， nǚ 20 ér jià”， shì wéi bù shī shí。《 hàn shū · huì dì jì》 zhōng jiù míng wén jìzǎi：“ nǚ zǐ nián shí wǔ yǐ shàng zhì sān shí bù jià， wǔ suàn。”“ wǔ suàn” jiù shì fá tā jiǎo nà wǔ bèi de fù shuì。 qí shí， zhōng guó gǔ dài zǎo hūn de xiàn xiàng yě hěn yán zhòng， sòng dài céng yòu“ fán nán nián 15， nǚ nián 13， bìng tīng hūn jià” de guī dìng。《 hòu hàn shū · bān zhāo chuán》 zhōng jiù jìzǎi： bān zhāo“ nián shí yòu sì， zhí jī zhǒu yú cáo shì”。《 hàn shū · shàng guān huáng hòuzhuàn》 zhōng shèn zhì yòu“ yuè yú suì lì wéi huáng hòu， nián fǔ liù suì” de jìzǎi。 dàn yī bān dōushì zài 20 suì qián hòu。 　　 gǔ shí nán jiā qù nǚ jiā yíng qīn shí， jūn zài yè jiān。《 yí lǐ · shì hūn lǐ》 wèi：“ hūn lǐ xià dá。” zhèng xuán zhù yuē：“ shì qǔ qī zhī lǐ， yǐ hūn wéi qī， yīn 'ér míng yān。 yáng wǎng 'ér yīn lái， rì rù sān shāng wéi hūn。” bìng qiě，“ zhù rén jué biàn、 cháng、 zī， cóng zhě bì xuán duān， chéng mò chē， cóng chē 'èr chéng， zhí zhú qián mǎ”。 yì jí yíng qīn de rén jūn chuān hēi yī， chē mǎ yě yòng hēi sè。 cǐ sú yǔ hòu shì yǐ bái tiān yíng qīn、 chuān hóng sè fú shì de hūn sú， jiǒng rán bù tóng。 zì táng dài kāi shǐ， shǐ jiāng yíng qīn de shí jiān gǎi wéi zǎo chén。 jù táng · duàn chéng shì de《 yǒu yáng zá zǔ》 jìzǎi：“ lǐ， hūn lǐ bì yòng hūn， yǐ qí yáng wǎng 'ér yīn lái yě。 jīn xíng lǐ yú xiǎo。” xiǎo jí fú xiǎo。 cǐ hòu xiāng yán zhì jīn。 　　 gǔ dài duì gāng rù mén xīn fù de zī tài yě hěn yòu jiǎng jiū。 jù《 lǚ shì chūn qiū》 jìzǎi：“ huì zǐ chū， bái guī gào rén yuē： ‘ rén yòu xīn qǔ fù zhě， fù zhì， yí 'ān jīn yān shì mèi xíng。 ’” suǒ wèi“ ān jīn yān shì mèi xíng”， shàng bǐng hé zhù yuē：“ ān jīn yān shì mèi xíng， xíng róng xīn fù zhī zhuàng tài， kě wèi rù wēi yǐ。 rán kě yì huì， nán yǐ yán quán。 ān zhě， cóng róng； jīn zhě， jǐn shèn； yān shì zhě， yǎn bō liú dòng bù zhí nì； mèi xíng zhě， dòng zhǐ xiū suō róu mèi 'ān xú yě。 shì jiē xīn fù chū rù mén zhī zhuàng tài， fǎn shì zé shī shēn fèn。” 　　 hàn dài jié hūn shí， jūn yǐ qīng bù màn dā chéng zhàng péng， yòng yǐ jǔ xíng jiāo bài zhī lǐ。《 shì shuō xīn yǔ · jiǎ jué》 piān jìzǎi：“ wèi wǔ shàoshí， cháng yǔ yuán shào hǎo wéi yóu xiá。 guān rén xīn hūn， yīn qián rù zhù rén yuán zhōng， yè jiào hū yún：‘ yòu tōu 'ér zéi！’ qīng lú zhōng rén jiē chū guān。 wèi wǔ nǎi rù， chōu rèn jié xīn fù。” zhè zhǒng zài qīng lú zhōng chéng hūn de xí sú， yī zhí yán xù dào qīng dài， pú sōng líng de《 liáo zhāi zhì yì》 zhōng jiù duō chù tí dào。 　　 yòu jù shǐ liào jìzǎi， liǎng hàn zhī jì， yǐ jīng yòu liǎo hè hūn de xí sú hé xīn hūn zhī yè tīng fáng de xí sú。 jù《 hàn shū · xuān dì jì》 jìzǎi：“ wǔ fèng 'èr nián zhào yuē：‘ fū hūn yīn zhī lǐ， rén lún zhī dà zhě yě。 jiǔ shí zhī huì， suǒ yǐ xíng lǐ lè yě。 jīn jùn guó 'èr qiān shí huò shàn wéi kē jìn， jìn mín jià qǔ bù dé jù jiǔ shí xiāng hè zhào， yóu shì fèi xiāng dǎng zhī lǐ， lìng mín wú suǒ lè， fēi suǒ yǐ dǎo mín yě。” hàn xuān dì zhè yī zhào shū de mùdì， jiù zài yú tí chàng lǎo bǎi xìng zài hūn lǐ shàng shè jiǔ yàn qìng hè。 yòu jù《 hàn shū · yuán kuí qī chuán》 jìzǎi： yuán kuí yǔ qī zǐ jìn rù dòng fáng hòu， fū qī liǎ zài shuō qiāoqiāo huà： 　　 kuí yòu yuē：“ dì xiān xiōng jǔ， shì yǐ wéi xiào。 lìng chù zǐ wèi shì， xiān xíng kě hū？” duì yuē：“ qiè zǐ gāo xíng shū miǎo， wèi zāo liáng pǐ， bù sì bǐ bó， gǒu rán 'ér yǐ。” yòu wèn yuē：“ nán jùn jūn xué qióng dào 'ào， wén wéi cí zōng， ér suǒ zài zhī zhí， zhé yǐ huò cái wéi sǔn， hé xié？” duì yuē：“ kǒng zǐ dà shèng， bù miǎn wǔ shū zhī huǐ； zǐ lù zhì xián， yóu yòu bó liáo zhī。 jiā jūn huò cǐ， gù qí yí 'ěr。” kuí mò rán bù néng qū。 zhàng wài tīng zhě wéi cán。 　　 kě zhèng hàn dài yǐ yòu tīng fáng de xí sú。 　　 lìng wài， gǔ dài hūn sú zhōng yǔ hòu shì bù tóng de yī gè xí sú shì： gǔ dài fù nǚ dōubù jì huì zài jià， bìng qiě cóng zhōu cháo zhì běi sòng yī zhí rú cǐ。 jù《 lǐ · tán gōng》 jìzǎi： kǒng zǐ de 'ér zǐ bó yú sǐ hòu，“ qí qī jià yú wèi” yòu zài：“ zǐ sī zhī mǔ sǐ yú wèi， fù yú zǐ sī， zǐ sī kū yú miào。 mén rén zhì yuē：‘ shù shì zhī mǔ sǐ， héwèi kū yú kǒng shì zhī miào hū？’ zǐ sī yuē：‘ wú guò yǐ！ wú guò yǐ！’ nǎi kū yú tā shì。” kě jiàn， shèng rén hòu dài de zǐ fù yě bù miǎn yú zài jià。 ér wèi jìn、 táng sòng shí míng mén zhī nǚ zài jià zhī shì， yě lǚjiànbùxiǎn。《 sān guó zhì · wú zhì · bù fū rén chuán》 zhōng jìzǎi： bù fū rén“ shēng 'èr nǚ， cháng yuē lǔ bān， zì dà hǔ， qián pèi zhōu yú zǐ xún， hòu pèi quán cóng； shǎo yuē lǔ yù， zì xiǎo hǔ， qián pèi zhū jù， hòu pèi liú zuǎn。” shàng bǐng hé《 lì dài shè huì fēng sú shì wù kǎo》 yǐn《 suí yuán suí bǐ》 wèi：“ táng shí gōng zhù zài jià zhě 'èr shí sān， sān jià zhě sì。” bìng qiě， dāng shí bù lùn shì qián fū jiàn dào hòu fū， huò shì hòu fū jiàn dào qián fū， jūn bù yòng huí bì。 sòng dài shī rén lù yóu yǔ qián qī táng wǎn lí hūn hòu， yòu yī cì yóu shěn yuán， qiǎo yù táng wǎn jí qí hòu fū zhào shì chéng， táng、 zhào hái jiāng jiǔ cài sòng gěi lù yóu， jiēguǒ gǎn dòng dé lù yóu dāng chǎng zài qiáng shàng xiě liǎo yī piān《 chāi tóu fèng》 cí。（ shì jiàn《 guǐ xīn zá shí》） kě jiàn， táng sòng shí fù nǚ gǎi jià hái shì hěn zhèng cháng de shì qíng。 zhí dào míng qīng shí qī， fù nǚ gǎi jià fāng wéi lǐ jiào suǒ bù róng， yīn cǐ yòu liǎo shǒu jié、 pái fāng zhī shuō。 　　 wèi lái zhōng guó hūn yīn shí dà biàn huà qū shì 　　 jiā tíng jié gòu xiǎo xíng huà 　　 lǐ niàn： měi jiā 3 zhì 4 rén。 　　 hūn yīn de qī wàng suí zhe xiǎo kāng shēng huó de lái lín 'ér biàn huà， bǐ rú duì shōu rù de duō shǎo， duì jiā wù de tóu rù， shì fǒu shēng yù bù zài shòu dào gé wài zhòng shì。 shuāng fāng gèng zhù zhòng de shì： bǎo chí qīn rè， zūn shǒu hūn yīn xié yì， hù xiāng liàng jiě， chuàng zào shū tǎn、 jìng yì de 'ān lè wō。 　　 wǎn hūn wǎn yù rén shù zēng jiā 　　 lǐ niàn： dān shēn bù hūn zhě zēng jiā， zì yuàn bù yù zhě yòu shàng shēng qū shì。 　　 chuán tǒng“ nán zhù wài， nǚ zhù nèi” de guān niàn， yào tào yòng zài xiàn dài rén shēn shàng， qí shí hěn nán， shèn zhì yǐ jīng bèi wán quán tuī fān。 xiàn dài nǚ xìng yīn wéi jiào yù chéng dù tí gāo， gōng zuò jīng yàn fēng fù， jiā shàng xìn xī dà liàng xī shōu yǐ jí méi tǐ de liǎng xìng yì tí bào dǎo， ràng nǚ xìng yòu“ nǚ rén yě néng yòu zì jǐ de tiān dì” de guān niàn， suǒ yǐ duì 'ài qíng de zì zhù quán tí gāo zhī hòu， zé 'ǒu yǐ jí jié hūn yào kǎo lǜ de shì qíng jiù yù duō。 　　 yòu shǒu dǎ yóu shī shì zhè me shuō de， nán rén zài sān shí suì zuǒ yòu kàn nǚ rén， shì kàn xué lì； nán rén zài sān shí suì yǐ hòu kàn nǚ rén， shì kàn jīng lì； nán rén zài sì shí suì yǐ hòu kàn nǚ rén， shì kàn bìng lì。 qí shí zhè yàng de nán rén nǚ réndōu hěn kě bēi， yī gè zhǐ shì huì“ kàn”， yī gè yě zhǐ shì“ bèi kàn”， zuì hòu dōubù huì yòu shénme jiēguǒ。 　　 suǒ yǐ， jiàn yì nián jì dà de nán rén， bù yào yào qiú tài duō， yīn wéi zuì hòu hái shì zhǐ néng qǔ yī gè tài tài， tíng xià jiǎo bù， duō gěi zì jǐ yī diǎn jī huì， bìng qiě tóng nǚ xìng duō xiāng chù， bù yào zhǐ shì“ kàn”， yào shēn tǐ lì xíng qù zhuī xún zì jǐ de xìng fú； nián jì dà de nǚ xìng， céng jīng cuò guò méi guān xì， dāng xià hái shì wéi shí bù wǎn de。 jiù suàn nà xiē nán réndōu bǐ jiào xǐ huān nián jì qīng de nǚ shēng， wǒ men hái shì yào nǔ lì zhuī qiú zì jǐ de xìng fú。 rú guǒ kě yǐ bù jié hūn， néng gòu zài qí tā fāng miàn zhǎo dào jì tuō， qí shí zuò gè“ dān shēn nǚ láng” yě shì bù cuò de。 　　 xìng jiào yù gèng kē xué pǔ biàn 　　 lǐ niàn： nián qīng rén yīn hàoqí xīn dǎo zhì de qīng shuài xìng tǐ yàn jiǎn shǎo， duì hūn qián xìng xíng wéi gèng jiā shèn zhòng。 　　 zé 'ǒu zhòng qíng qù qīng jīng jì 　　 lǐ niàn： zé 'ǒu gèng zhù zhòng qíng qù xiāng tóu， jīng jì tiáo jiàn zhòng yào xìng jiàng dī。 nán nǚ qīng nián gèng xī wàng duì fāng yǔ zì jǐ tóng shǔ yī gè shè huì jiē céng。 　　 nǚ qīng nián xīn mù zhōng de lǐ xiǎng bàn lǚ， shì fù yòu yōu mò gǎn， dǒng dé zūn zhòng rén， shēng huó chōng mǎn lè qù， ér jīng jì tiáo jiàn、 jiā tíng bèi jǐng de yǐng xiǎng jiāng dàn huà。 　　 zhuī qiú hūn yīn zhì liàng 　　 lǐ niàn： hūn yīn zhì liàng chéng wéi rén men zhuī qiú de mù biāo。 　　 duō shù jiā tíng bù zài còu hé， hūn yīn tiáoshì néng lì de tí gāo， jiāng shǐ jiā tíng shēng huó gèng fēng fù、 xīn xiān、 xìng fú。 hūn yīn zhōng nán nǚ gèng jiā píng děng， jiā tíng bào lì jiǎn shǎo， zhàng fū yǔ qī zǐ gòng tóng chéng dān jiā tíng yì wù。 　　 yòu rén zhè yàng píng jià hūn yīn zhōng jī qíng hé píng jìng de guān xì héng héng měi yī duàn 'ài qíng de néng liàng dōushì zhù dìng de， ài de yù jī liè， xiāo hào de néng liàng yě yù kuài， rú tóng huǒ yàn， màn tiān xuàn làn zhī hòu， piàn kè jiù chéng wéi huī jìn。 ér tián dàn cóng róng jìng néng wéi xì yī shēng。 yě xǔ yuè shì píng dàn de hūn yīn， ài qíng de zhì liàng yuè gāo。 　　 lǐ cái xiàng AA zhì guò dù 　　 　　 lǐ niàn： jiā tíng lǐ cái fāng shì jiāng yóu yī rén wéi zhù xiàng AA zhì guò dù。 hūn qián cái chǎn gōng zhèng， hūn hòu fū fù shuāng fāng zài yínháng kāi shè zhàng hù， dú lì jìn xíng jīng jì hé suàn。 àn hūn yīn xié yì， fū qī gè zì chéng dān zì jǐ zài jiā tíng shēng huó zhōng de jīng jì yì wù。 　　 suǒ wèi fū qī AA zhì， shì zhǐ yī zhǒng xīn de jiā tíng jīng jì chéng dān mó shì。 tā dà zhì yòu liǎng zhǒng xíng shì： yī zhǒng shì měi yuè gè jiāo yī bù fēn qián zuò wéi“ jiā tíng gōng kuǎn”， yǐ zhī fù fáng zū shuǐ diàn fèi děng gòng tóng jiā tíng zhī chū， qí yú gè zì liào lǐ； lìng yī zhǒng shì qǐng kè、 gòu wù、 dǎ chē děng fèi yòng dū zì lǐ， zhǐ zài mǎi fáng、 tóu zī zhī lèi dà xiàng mù shàng fū qī liǎ píng jūn fù dān。 jìn lái， bù shǎo nián qīng fū fù jiāng AA zhì yǐn rù dào jiā tíng shēng huó zhōng héng héng“ qīn 'ài de， ràng wǒ men AA zhì”， jiàn chéng yī jù liú xíng yǔ。 　　 jiā wù máo dùn jiǎn shǎo 　　 lǐ niàn： jiā wù láo dòng qiáng dù jiàng dī， fū qī yīn jiā wù láo dòng dǎo zhì de máo dùn jiǎn shǎo。 jiā wù láo dòng jiāng shè huì huà， jiā yòng diàn qì pǔ jí huà suō duǎn jiā wù shí jiān。 　　 lǐ zhì lí hūn zēng duō 　　 lǐ niàn： xié yì lí hūn、 shì lí hūn chéng wéi lǐ zhì fēn shǒu de shǒu xuǎn fāng shì， dàn lí hūn shuài réng huì chéng shàng shēng tài shì。 　　 zhī shí、 wén huà shuǐ píng yuè gāo de rén， qíng gǎn fēng fù de rén， duì 'ài qíng yào qiú jiù yuè gāo yuè duō。 dàn lí hūn zhě suǒ chéng shòu de shè huì yā lì， jiāng huì xiāng yìng jiǎn shǎo。 　　 shì lí hūn de hǎo chù zài yú kě yǐ ràng shuāng fāng bù huì zài chōng dòng de qíng kuàng xià zuò chū hòu huǐ de jué dìng， zài xiàn shí miàn qián， liǎng gè réndōu huì kè guān zhù dòng dì chóngxīn jiǎn chá zì jǐ， tǐ wèi duì fāng de cháng chù， jiǎn tǎo zì jǐ de bù zú， zuì hòu de jué zé shì lǐ xìng de。 jiǎ rú shì lí hūn guò chéng dāng zhōng， zhēn de fā xiàn zì jǐ de hūn yīn yǐ jīng wú 'ài、 wú xìng、 wú yì， bìng qiě zhuàng kuàng bù néng bèi gǎi shàn， nà me shì lí hūn yě shì gěi zì jǐ de huǎn chōng qī， dāng nǐ gào bié zhè duàn hūn yīn shí， nǐ yě huì ràng zì jǐ yòu yī gè píng hé de xīn tài， shì shí fàng qì， gěi zì jǐ yī gè chóngxīn xuǎn zé de jī huì。 　　 lǐ xìng duì dài hūn wài liàn 　　 lǐ niàn： shè huì duì hūn wài liàn jì xù bǎo chí lǐ xìng tài dù。 　　 rén men duì hūn yīn de zé rèn gǎn gèng duō de lái zì yú zì wǒ rèn shí、 zì wǒ yuē shù、 zì wǒ xiū zhèng， ér bù shì pò yú wài zài yā lì。 rén men yào qiú hūn yīn de zhì liàng hé qíng gǎn， yào qiú fū qī zhī jiān de quán lì hé xiǎng shòu， yòu liǎo gèng duō xuǎn zé de zì yóu hé zì zhù yì shí。 　　 zài hūn wài liàn xiàng pín pín shàng zhǎng de wù jià yī yàng de shí dài， wǒ men yào xué huì yǐ wǒ men de lěng jìng hé chéng shú de xīn lǐ qù chéng shòu， qù miàn duì， yào zhī dào， hūn wài liàn， shì dǎng bù zhù de yòu huò， dàn jiā què shì bì fēng de gǎng wān。 　　 hūn yīn zì yóu dù zēng jiā 　　 lǐ niàn： hūn yīn bù zài shì cóng zhòng xíng wéi， jié hūn yǔ fǒu shì gè rén jīng guò shēn sī shú lǜ de xuǎn zé， dān shēn bù hūn、“ dīng kè jiā tíng” děng shēng huó fāng shì kě néng chéng wéi duō yàng huà xuǎn zé de nèi róng。 　　“ dīng kè” yī cí wéi yīng wén Doubleincomeandnokids de suō xiě DINK， yì jí shuāng shōu rù、 wú zǐ nǚ de jiā tíng jié gòu。 rú jīn dīng kè jiā tíng rú yǔ hòu chūn sǔn bān chéng bèi zēngzhǎng， yóu qí shì běi jīng、 shàng hǎi zhè zhǒng chāo jí dū shì lǐ。 zuì jìn， yī zé duǎn xiāo xī yǐn qǐ liǎo wǒ de zhù yì， qù nián wǒ guó de dīng kè fū fù yǐ tū pò liǎo yī bǎi wàn duì。 　　 shì jiè gè dì hūn sú 　　 　　 zǎo qī fēi zhōu yì měi guó rén： tiào sǎo zhǒu zài měi guó de hēi nú shí dài， hēi rén nán nǚ shì bù yǔn xǔ zhèng shì jié hūn shēng huó zài yī qǐ de。 wèile xiàng shì rén xuān bù tā men de 'ài qíng hé hūn yuē， yī duì hēi rén nán nǚ hé zhe gǔ shēng de jié zòu， yī qǐ tiào guò yī bǎ sǎo zhǒu。（ sǎo zhǒu duì gè zhǒng fēi zhōu rén cháng qī láidōu jù yòu hěn zhòng yào de yì yì， yīn wéi tā yì wèi zhe xīn hūn fū fù zǔ chéng jiā tíng de kāi shǐ。 zài nán bù fēi zhōu， xīn niàn zài hūn hòu de dì yī tiān yào bāng zhù fū jiā de qí tā nǚ xìng qīng sǎo yuàn zǐ， yǐ cǐ biǎo míng zài zhù jìn zì jǐ de xīn jiā qián， tā yuàn yì jìn zhí dì bāng zhù zhàng fū de jiā rén chéng dān jiā wù láo dòng。） zhí zhì jīn rì， yī xiē měi guó hēi rén hái zài tā men de hūn lǐ shàng jǔ xíng zhè zhǒng xiàng zhēng xìng de yí shì。 　　 yà měi ní yà： rén men fàng fēi liǎng zhǐ bái gē， yǐ shì 'ài qíng hé xìng fú。 xīn niàn chuānzhuó hóng sè sī chóu de fú zhuāng， tóu dài shì yòu yǔ máo de zhǐ yì。 rén men hái kě xiàng xīn niàn tóu zhì yìng bì。 　　 bǐ lì shí： xīn niàn kě yǐ jiāng qí xìng míng xiù zài shǒu pà shàng， zài hūn lǐ jǔ xíng rì suí shēn dài shàng tā。 hūn lǐ hòu jiāng shǒu pà zhuāng rù jìng kuàng bǎo cún， zhí dào jiā lǐ de lìng wài yī gè gū niàn jié hūn。 　　 bǎi mù dà： bǎi mù dà dǎo mín zài tā men de duō céng hūn lǐ dàn gāo de dǐng céng chā shàng yī zhū xiǎo shù miáo， xīn hūn fū fù yào jiāng zhè zhū shù miáo zhǒng zài jiā zhōng， zhè yàng tā men kě yǐ mù dǔ shù miáo bàn suí zhe tā men de hūn yīn yī qǐ zhǎngdà。 　　 bō hēi rén： xīn láng xiàng xīn niàn zèng sòng yī chuàn niàn zhū， yī běn qí dǎo wén， yī gēn shàng miàn chuàn zhe sān bǎ yàoshì de yāo dài（ yòng yǐ bǎo hù tā de zhēn jié）， yī dǐng máo pí mào， yī gè yín de jié hūn jiè zhǐ。 xīn niàn zé xiàng xīn láng zèng sòng yī jiàn yòng jīn xiàn hé cǎi sè sī chóu féng zhì de chèn yī hé jié hūn jiè zhǐ。 hūn lǐ qián， bàn láng jiāng xīn láng guǒ jìn xīn niàn de dǒu péng lǐ， yǐ fáng 'è mó qīn rù， chāi sàn tā men xiāng 'ài de xīn。 　　 jiā lè bǐ dì qū： zài bā bā duō sī， gé lín nà dá hé shèng lú xī yà， yòng gān guǒ hé lǎng mǔ jiǔ zhì zuò de wèi dào nóng yù de dàn gāo shí fēn cháng jiàn。 dàn gāo de zhì zuò fāng fǎ， yóu mǔ qīn qīn shǒu chuán gěi nǚ 'ér， bìng qiě gè zì duì qí jiā yǐ xiū shì。 rén men bǎ zhè zhǒng dàn gāo jiào zuò“ yī bàng” dàn gāo， yīn wéi zhì zuò zhè zhǒng dàn gāo xū yào miàn fěn、 zōng táng、 huáng yóu、 táng shuāng yīng táo、 pú táo gān、 lǐ zǐ、 hóng cù lì gè yī bàng， jiā shàng yī dǎ jī dàn hé diào wèi pǐn。 zhì zuò dàn gāo de gān guǒ yào zài lǎng mǔ jiǔ zhōng jìn pào bìng zài wǎ guàn zhōng bǎo cún liǎng gè xīng qī zhì 6 gè yuè。 　　 kè luó dì yà： yóu yǐ hūn de nǚ xìng qīn qī zhāi xià xīn niàn de miàn shā， huàn shàng yī kuài tóu jīn hé yī tiáo wéi qún， yì wèi zhe xīn niàn de yǐ hūn xīn shēn fèn。 rán hòu yóu suǒ yòu de yǐ hūn fù nǚ wéi xīn niàn chàng xiǎo yè qū。 hūn lǐ zhī hòu， suǒ yòu lái bīn wéi rào zhe jǐng zǒu sān juàn（ xiàng zhēng zhe shèng sān wèi yī tǐ）， bìng xiàng jǐng zhōng rēng píng guǒ（ xiàng zhēng zhe shēng yù）。 　　 jié kè gòng hé guó： péng yǒu men liù jìn xīn niàn de yuàn zǐ qù zhǒng yī kē shù， rán hòu zài yòng cǎi dài hé cǎi huì de dàn ké jiāng shù jiā yǐ zhuāng shì。 chuán shuō xīn niàn jiāng yǔ zhè shù huó dé yī yàng cháng。 xiāng cūn de xīn niàn hái bǎo liú zhe pèi dài mí dié xiāng huā huán de gǔ lǎo xí sú， yǐ biǎo huái niàn zhī qíng。 huā huán shì zài hūn lǐ qián xī yóu xīn niàn de péng yǒu biān zhì 'ér chéng， tā xiàng zhēng zhe zhì huì、 ài qíng hé zhōng chéng。 　　 āi jí： zài 'āi jí， yóu xīn láng de jiā rén， ér bù shì xīn láng běn rén， xiàng xīn niàn qiú hūn。 xǔ duō hūn yīn hái shì fù mǔ zhī mìng， méi shuò zhī yán。 Zaffa， yě jiù shì hūn lǐ， qí shí shì yī gè chōng mǎn yīnyuè de liè duì yóu xíng， yòu gǔ、 fēng dí、 hào jiǎo jí dù pí wǔ， nán rén men shǒu chí huǒ hóng de jiàn。 zhè gè yí shì xuān gào， hūn yīn jí jiāng kāi shǐ。 　　 yīng gé lán： àn zhào chuán tǒng， xiāng cūn de xīn niàn hé cān jiā hūn lǐ de rén men zǒng shì yī qǐ bù xíng zǒu xiàng jiào táng。 yī gè xiǎo gū niàn zǒu zài duì liè zuì qián miàn， tā yī lù pāo sǎ xiān huā， yù shì zhe xīn niàn yī shēng de dào lù shàng yě jiāng kāi mǎn xiān huā。 　　 fù： rén lèi xìng 'ài hūn yīn fā zhǎn shǐ quán jì lù 　　300 wàn nián qián 　　 rén yuán shí qī。 wǒ men de zǔ xiān gāng gāng xué huì gōulóu zhe zhí lì xíng zǒu， tā men de xī gài hái wú fǎ luō zhí。 bù tóng zhǒng qún zhōng cí xióng rén yuán shí xíng wán quán hùn luàn de“ hūn yīn” xíng tài ( qí shí tā men shàng wú“ hūn yīn” gài niàn， yī qiē hái zhǐ wèile wù zhǒng de shēng cún hé fán yǎn )： duō fū zhì、 duō qī zhì、 zhuān yī pèi 'ǒu zhì …… 　　300 wàn nián qián -200 wàn nián qián 　　 shí qì shí dài zǎo qī。 méng mèi zhōng de rén lèi chú liǎo shòu liè hé táo mìng zhī wài， zài bù luò nèi bù hái shèng xíng háo wú jié zhì de xìng guān xì héng héng měi gè nǚ zǐ shǔ yú měi gè nán zǐ， tóng yàng měi gè nán zǐ yě shǔ yú měi gè nǚ zǐ。 zhè jiù shì qún hūn zhì。 hái zǐ men zhǐ zhī dào mǔ qīn， duì“ fù qīn” què yī wú suǒ zhī。 nǚ rén zài dāng shí duì nán rén cóng lái jiù bù huì yào qiú chéng nuò huò yào qiú tā men fù zé rèn。 　　100 duō wàn nián qián 　　 jiù shí qì shí dài zhōng wǎn qī。 rén tǐ de zì rán fēn gōng zhú jiàn shǐ wǒ men de xiān zǔ yì shí dào， lǎo fū shàoqī hé lǎo qī shǎo fū bù lì yú yōu shēng yōu yù。 cóng shì shòu liè、 cǎi jí huó dòng de zhōng qīng nián rén yǔ cóng shì jiā wù láo dòng hé hái 'ér zhào guǎn de lǎo rén zhī jiān chǎn shēng liǎo jí qí míng xiǎn de jīng lì chā bié。 xìng shēng huó biàn chū xiàn liǎo yǐ bèi fèn huàfēn de jiè xiàn。 rén lèi jìn rù liǎo cháng dá jìn 100 wàn nián de“ xuè yuán jiā zú” shí dài héng héng bān bèi hūn huò bèi xíng hūn。 　　 bān bèi hūn shì rén lèi lì shǐ shàng de dì yī gè shè huì zǔ zhì xíng shì， tā shì rén lèi yǔ shòu qún de qū bié， wǒ men zuò wéi shè huì xìng dòng wù de màn cháng wén míng lì chéng yóu cǐ qǐ bù。 　　1 wàn nián qián 　　 shí qì shí dài wǎn qī， xīn rén jiē duàn hòu qī。 rén lèi zhèng zhǔn bèi yòng“ jìn zhǐ luàn lún” zhōng jié zuì hòu de méng mèi。 nà shí， jìn qīn jiān xìng jiāo de hùn luàn dǎo zhì liǎo yīng 'ér chéng huó shuài dī、 jī xíng 'ér hé dī néng 'ér guò duō de kǒng bù xiàn xiàng。 yuán shǐ rén duì nán nǚ guān xì yòu liǎo gèng yán gé de jiè dìng。 mǔ quán de zhú bù què lì， yǐn qǐ liǎo hūn yīn xíng shì de gǎi biàn。 bù tóng bù zú jiān tōng hūn liǎo。 zhǒng zú wài hūn zhì， shǐ wǒ men de pǐn zhǒng yuè lái yuè yōu liáng， shēng chǎn lì fēi sù tí gāo。 　　5000 héng 6000 nián qián 　　 rén lèi kāi shǐ xíng chéng duì 'ǒu hūn zhì。 yī fū yī qī de mó shì yǐ“ qiǎng hūn” fāng shì kāi shǐ。 zài 'ōu zhōu dà lù de bù luò lǐ， dāng yī gè qīng nián nán zǐ zài péng yǒu men de bāng zhù xià jié dé huò guǎi dé yī gè gū niàn de shí hòu， zhè gè gū niàn biàn bèi rèn wéi shì nà gè qīng nián nán zǐ de qī zǐ。 fǎn zhī， yào shì bèi jié de nǚ zǐ bèi fū qián táo， bèi lìng yī nán zǐ bǔ huò， tā jiù chéng wéi hòu zhě de qī zǐ， qián zhě jiù sàng shī liǎo tā de fū quán。 nán nǚ guān xì， dì yī cì xíng chéng liǎo pái tā xìng qún hūn xiāo wáng liǎo。 　　 suī rán zǎo zài 1 wàn nián qián， quán qiú rén kǒu jiù shàng shēng dào liǎo 500 wàn yǐ shàng， kě shì xiāng duì yú nà shí de rén men lái shuō， jiāo tōng bù biàn shǐ zé 'ǒu de fàn wéi shí fēn xiá zhǎi， jìn qīn hūn pèi de gàilǜ dà yuē shì 50%。 　　4000 nián qián 　　 tǒng zhì liǎo rén lèi shè huì 5 wàn nián de mǔ quán zhì bèi chè dǐ tuī fān， nán rén wèile zhuā láo zhè cì“ wěi dà” de shèng lì lù chū liǎo kě pà de zhēn miàn mù。 cóng cǐ， zhàng fū zài jiā zhōng zhǎng wò liǎo quán bǐng， ér qī zǐ zé bèi biǎn dī、 bèi nú yì， biàn chéng shēng hái zǐ yán xù zhǒng zú de gōng jù liǎo。 　　 gōng yuán qián 3000 nián 　　 yǐ shén de míng yì， shì jiè shàng dì yī gè jì nǚ zài bā bǐ lún wáng guó chū xiàn。 shù bǎi wàn nián hòu， zhè gè juésè réng zài wēi xié zhe jiā tíng hé hūn yīn。 　　 gōng yuán qián 1750 nián 　　 zài hàn mó lā bǐ wáng dāng zhèng shí， yī tiáo qí guài de luó ji dà xíng qí dào héng héng nǚ hái bì dé xiān dāng huí biǎo zǐ cái néng chéng wéi nǚ rén。 měi yī gè nǚ hái zài chéng wéi nǚ rén zhī qián， bì xū qù shén diàn lǐ jiāng tā de shēn tǐ jiāo gěi yī gè mò shēng nán rén。 tā zuò zhe， zhí dào yòu yī gè nán rén jiāng yín bì tóu zài tā de qún shàng， rán hòu yǔ tā tóng wò， fǒu zé tā shì bù zhǔn huí jiā de。 zhè zhǒng zhì dù zài shǎn zú gè zhī ( bā bǐ lún、 fěi ní jī、 xù lì yà děng ) zuì wéi liú xíng， yóu dì zhōng hǎi dǎo yí jū yú bā 'ěr gān bàn dǎo de xī là mín zú、 xī bó lāi rén、 luó mǎ、 āi jí、 yìn dù děng dì yě fèng xíng cǐ guī。 　　 gōng yuán qián 5 shì jì 　　 sū gé lā dǐ yīn tā de zhé xué sī xiǎng hé pō fù lǎo pó wén míng yú shì， yīn cǐ“ qǔ dào yī gè hǎo qī zǐ， nǐ kě yǐ dé dào xìng fú； qǔ dào yī gè huài qī zǐ， nǐ huì chéng wéi zhé xué jiā。” hūn yīn kāi shǐ biàn chéng yī gè“ wèn tí” ér kùn rào wǒ men。 　　 gōng yuán qián 323 nián 　　 gǔ 'āi jí de qī zǐ men duì tā men de zhàng fū yōng yòu hěn dà de quán lì， bǐ rú， rú guǒ zhàng fū xī wàng qǔ dì 'èr gè qī zǐ， tā bì xū xiàng dì yī gè qī zǐ zhī fù yī bǐ fá jīn。 jīn qián yǔ hūn yīn guān xì chě shàng liǎo guān xì。 　　 gōng yuán qián 1 shì jì 　　 luó mǎ lì fǎ rèn dìng dú cái zhě kǎi sǎ kě yǐ yǔ rèn hé tā rèn dìng de nǚ zǐ jiāo hé wéi hé fǎ。 tā xuǎn zhōng de nǚ rén hěn duō， bāo kuò yǔ tā tóng liè luó mǎ“ sān xióng” de páng bèi yǔ kè lā sū de qī zǐ。 dāng kǎi sǎ jiàn dào 'āi jí yàn hòu kè lóu bā tè lā shí， lì kè bèi zhè gè yāo jīng mí dǎo， bāng tā duó qǔ liǎo wáng wèi。 liǎng rén tōng guò kǎi sǎ zhì dìng de yī fū duō qī zhì 'ér chéng wéi hé fǎ fū qī， bìng shēng xià yī zǐ。 tè quán bǎo hù nán rén kě yǐ duō qī de shí dài dào lái liǎo。 zài zhè gè chōng mǎn shē huá yǔ xiǎng lè de shí dài， jī dū tú men dà lì xuān yáng dào dé bìng qiě gǔ lì fū qī men zài shàng dì de miàn qián shén shèng dì jié hé héng héng jiào táng chéng liǎo xī fāng shì jiè jié hūn yí shì de zhù chǎng。 　　 gōng yuán 3-4 shì jì 　　 pó luó mén jiào shì Vatsyayana， bèi rèn wéi shì yī wèi zhōng shēng jìn yù de kǔ xíng sēng， xiě chū liǎo yìn dù zuì sè qíng de zuò pǐn zhī yī héng héng《 ài jīng》。 tóng shí dài de xiū shì qiáo wéi 'ān (Jovian) yīn wéi xuān chēng hūn yīn gāo yú dú shēn， zài gōng yuán 385 nián yǐ sàn bù xiè dòu shén míng de yì duān xié shuō wéi yóu bèi zhú chū jī dū jiào jiào huì。 rán 'ér， 11 nián yǐ hòu， gǎn yú jiāng kuài gǎn shì wéi shēng yù xíng wéi zhī zì rán zǔ chéng bù fēn de shèng 'ào gǔ sī dīng què bèi xuǎn wéi xī bō jiào qū de zhù jiào。 kuài gǎn yǔ hūn yīn de duō zhòng jiāo zhàn yǐn dé wǒ men lè cǐ bù pí。 　　 gōng yuán 5 shì jì 　　 zōng jiào tǒng zhì hūn yīn。 zài luó mǎ dì guó， jīhū suǒ yòu de hūn lǐ dū bì xū yòu shén zhí rén yuán de zhù fú； jié hūn chéng wéi jiào táng zhōng de shèng lǐ。 děng dào jìn rù xià yī gè shì jì， dōng luó mǎ dì guó huáng dì chá shì dīng ní jiāng tōng jiān dìng wéi sǐ zuì， lí hūn yě chéng wéi jīhū bù kě néng de shì。 　　 gōng yuán 6 shì jì 　　 yìn dù de fó jiào tú hé yìn dù jiào tú shì tú shǐ rén lèi de shēn tǐ yǔ shén líng xiāng tōng。 tōng guò xìng jiāo yí shì， rén lèi de jié hé yě chéng liǎo shén shèng de zōng jiào xíng wéi。 zài yīng gé lán， xuè qīn zhī jiān de hūn yīn bèi xuān bù wéi bù hé fǎ。 　　 gōng yuán 600 nián dào gōng yuán 1000 nián 　　 zhè duàn shí jiān bèi chēng wéi zhōng shì jì de hēi 'àn nián dài， nán rén zài hūn yīn zhōng duì nǚ zǐ de yā pò cǎn liè dào liǎo ràng rén 'ěxīn de dì bù。 zhōng shì jì de nán rén hái fā míng liǎo gè zhǒng fǔ zhù bàn fǎ jiǎn cè chǔnǚ， méi yòu tōng guò tǐ jiǎn de nǚ rén jiāng shòu dào yán kù chéng fá， jiàn bié chǔnǚ de fāng fǎ shí fēn huāng dàn。 xiōng yá lì rén wéi xīn niàn yàn míng zhèng shēn de fāng fǎ jiù shì ràng tā chì jiǎo tà shàng yī kuài pú tí shù zhì de xiǎo yuán bǎn， tā men xiāng xìn shī zhēn de nǚ zǐ rú guǒ tà shàng zhè kuài bǎn jiù huì mǎ shàng fā shēng zāinàn。 hái yòu bù shǎo 'ōu zhōu rén zé mí liàn yú shù zì de jì suàn， zài xīn hūn xìng jiāo qián hé xìng jiāo hòu， duì nǚ zǐ de jǐng wéi jìn xíng cèliáng， bìng rèn wéi rú guǒ shì chǔnǚ， nà me tā cì rì de jǐng wéi bì jiào qián yè de cū。 zhōng shì jì bèi zhuō zhù de yòu jiān qíng de nǚ zǐ jiāng bèi bǎng yú gāo chù， yǐ huǒ shāo qí tún bù； yě yòu rén bǎ zhè zhǒng nǚ rén chì luǒ zhe fù zài mǎ shàng yóu jiē shì zhòng。 dàn nán rén shì fǒu chù nán què bù bì jiē shòu kǎo yàn。 　　1086 nián 　　 zài 'ōu zhōu， zhàng fū rú chū mén yuǎn xíng， cháng gěi qī zǐ dài shàng tiě zhì de zhēn cāo dài， jù kǎo zhèng zhè shì cóng shí zì jūn dōng zhēng shí kāi shǐ de。 nà shí yī gè dé guó huáng dì jiào tiě jiàng gěi huáng hòu zuò liǎo yī fù zhēn cāo dài， xiàng yī gè tiě lóng zǐ suǒ zài xiǎo fù shàng。 　　 gōng yuán qián 770 nián 　　 ōu zhōu zhōng shì jì de jiào tíng guī dìng： cóng nà shí qǐ， guǎ fù bù néng shuì chuáng pū， zhǐ néng shuì zài dì shàng， qiě měi tiān zhǐ néng chī yī cān bù néng yòu ròu、 fēng mì、 jiǔ hé yán， bù néng chuān hóng dài lǜ、 huà zhuāng。 zhōu cháo jiàn lì。 zhēn duì nǚ rén de zhēn jié zhì dù kāi shǐ jiàn lì。 zì zhōu cháo yǐ hòu， nǚ rén xùn jié jī xíng dì biàn yì chéng měi dé。 　　 zhōng guó xùn jié nǚ rén yī lǎn biǎo： 　　 shí dài zhōu qín hàn wèi jìn suí táng sòng yuán míng qīng 　　 xùn jié rén shù 719352912238386882841 　　 cǐ biǎo de guī lǜ shì，“ chī rén” zì sòng dài kāi shǐ wèi kǒu dà kāi， yú míng dài dá dào gāo cháo。 　　 gōng yuán 8 shì jì -10 shì jì 　　 ōu zhōu de zhōng shì jì， xiǎng yòng xīn niàn chéng liǎo tǒng zhì zhě de tè quán。 nóng mín qǔ xīn niàn， xīn niàn de dì yī yè bì xū gōng lǐng zhù xiǎng yòng。 chū yè quán de yuán shǐ zhāo dài zhě shì sēng lǚ、 jì sī。 rén men duì chǔnǚ xiěxīn huái kǒng jù， suǒ yǐ yào qiú zhǎo rén bāng zì jǐ“ tōng guān”。 sēng lǚ、 jì sī、 dì zhù děng guì rén， jù yòu“ shén lì”； ér qīn péng hǎo yǒu hé xīn niàn xìng jiāo， zé shǔ yǒng yú“ juān qū”； zhì yú yóu pú rén、 jiàn mín lái“ kāi bāo”， shì zhè xiē rén mìng bù zhí qián， dǎo méi yě méi guān xì。 chú cǐ yǐ wài， xīn láng hái bì xū fù gěi lǐng zhù“ jié hūn shuì”， fǒu zé， hūn yīn jiù bù néng dé dào gōng zhèng rén de chéng rèn， yě bù néng huò dé lǐng zhù de xǔ kě。 zhè zhǒng 'è xí zhí dào 19 shì jì mò cái fèi chú。 　　11 shì jì chū 　　 gōng tíng nǚ guān zǐ shì bù xiě chū liǎo《 yuán shì wù yǔ》。 zhè shì zuì zǎo de yě shì zuì wěi dà de 'ài qíng xiǎo shuō zhī yī， miáo shù liǎo rì běn yǎ zhì 'ér yín dàng de gōng tíng hūn yīn shēng huó。 　　 zhōng shì jì 'ā lā bó hòu gōng jí zhōng liǎo dà liàng měi nǚ， héng kuà 'ōu yà fēi 3 dà lù de 'ōu bó sī wáng cháo dì 5 dài huí jiào zhù hǎi 'ōu léi shā dé， qí hòu gōng yòu 400 míng chǒng qiè； dào liǎo dì 18 dài jūn zhù chǒng qiè rén shù yǐ fā zhǎn dào 3400 míng。 　　11 shì jì 　　 zhōng guó de zhé xué jiā men kāi shǐ jiāng gǔ lǎo de yīn yáng fú hào jiě shì wéi hù bǔ de 'ér fēi duì lì de héng héng jiù xiàng nǚ rén hé nán rén， yóu cǐ xíng chéng de bù kě fēn de yuán chēng wéi“ tài jí tú”。 zhōng guó rén yě cóng dào yǔ dé de céng miàn wéi hūn yīn zhǎo dào liǎo yī tào lǐ lùn， nǚ rén yào xián liáng， bù dù bìng yǔn xǔ zhàng fū sān qī sì qiè， zài jiā cóng fū、 fū sǐ cóng zǐ， shǒu guǎ néng wéi tā men yíng dé zhēn jié pái fāng。 　　11 shì jì mò -13 shì jì 　　11 shì jì mò yǐ hòu， xī 'ōu de yín yóu shī rén chuàng zuò liǎo dà liàng zàn měi qí shì 'ài qíng de shī gē， bìng yóu zǒu yú gè gè gōng tíng， dào chù shān fēng diǎn huǒ。 nǚ rén dì yī cì ná guò liǎo nán rén de pí biān， tā men chéng wéi hūn yīn yǔ qíng 'ài yóu xì de zhùjué。 　　12 shì jì 　　 āi lāi yà nuò xiān hòu dāng shàng fǎ wáng lù yì qī shì hé yīng wáng hēng lì 'èr shì de wáng hòu， zài qí suǒ shēng de 5 zǐ 3 nǚ zhōng， yòu 2 gè 'ér zǐ zuò liǎo yīng guó guó wáng， 3 gè nǚ 'ér jià gěi liǎo qí tā 'ōu zhōu jūn zhù， tā yīn cǐ bèi chēng wéi“ ōu zhōu de zǔ mǔ”。 　　“ ōu zhōu de zǔ mǔ” bǎ diǎn yǎ 'ài qíng yǐn jìn liǎo fǎ lán xī hé yīng gé lán de gōng diàn。 āi lāi yà nuò jí qí nǚ 'ér men shèn zhì hái chuàng bàn liǎo“ ài de fǎ tíng”， cái jué shénme yàng de xíng wéi shì“ zhèng dāng de” ài qíng。 què dìng liǎo diǎn yǎ 'ài qíng de 31 tiáo yuán zé。 luó màn dì kè gù shì fēngmǐ yī shí， dāng shí rèn hé jìn rù fǎ guó bā lí de wài shěng qí shì dōukě yǐ qīng yì dé dào yī běn huā dū guì fù de huā míng cè， xiáng xì jìzǎi zhe tā men de dì zhǐ、 xìng gé、 àihào hé róng mào， gōng xiāng xià qīng nián xuǎn zé。 ài qíng chéng wéi guì zú nǚ rén de yī zhǒng shí shàng。 nǚ rén jiào huì liǎo nán rén rú hé“ wén míng dì zūn zhòng nǚ rén” de xí guàn。 zhàng fū de qíng fù hé qī zǐ de qíng fū dōubèi duì fāng róng rěn hé zūn jìng。 　　13 shì jì 　　 xùn jiào shèng tú mǎ kè xī mò tí chū： wéi zhōng yú shàng dì， jǐn jǐn shì jìn yù hái bù gòu， bì xū gēn jué xìng yù。 suí hòu jiù yòu bù shǎo jiào tú huī dāo zì gōng。 lìng yī xiē zǒude gèng yuǎn， tā men rèn wéi zì gōng bù suàn zhēn běn shì， yīnggāi xiàng xìng yù zhí jiē kāi zhàn。 tā men zhǎo lái yī xiē měi nǚ， zhù zài yī qǐ， shèn zhì luǒ tǐ xiāng yōng， nǔ lì xué xí liǔ xià huì， nǔ lì cóng jīng shén shàng yáng wěi。 jù shuō tā men chéng gōng liǎo。 hūn yīn， zài tā men kàn lái shì kě chǐ de。 　　1252 nián 　　20 suì de bō xī mǐ yà guó wáng 'ào tuō kǎ 'èr shì qǔ liǎo nián jìn 50 ào dì lì de mǎ gé lì tè guó wáng， yī dàn tūn bìng liǎo 'ào dì lì hòu， tā jiù jiě chú liǎo hūn yuē。 chú liǎo cái chǎn、 lǐng dì， méi yòu rén qī dài hūn yīn néng gěi bǐ cǐ dài lái shénme。 yóu yú fēi zhǎngzǐ bù néng jì chéng cái chǎn， nà xiē shī yì de qīng nián kāi shǐ zhuī zhú yòu dì chǎn de nǚ jì chéng rén。 yòu qián de guǎ fù chéng liǎo xiāng bō bō。 nián qīng xiǎo huǒ men qǔ liǎo yòu dì chǎn de lǎo guǎ fù， yī dàn lǎo guǎ fù sǐ qù， xiǎo huǒ zǐ ( yǐ jīng biàn chéng zāo lǎo tóu liǎo ) jiù kě yǐ qǔ nián qīng jiāo nèn de huā gū niàn； ér lǎo jiā huǒ yī sǐ， gū niàn zǎo biàn dà mā， tā hái kě yǐ jià gěi yī gè xiǎo huǒ zǐ liǎo， fā yáng dì 'èr chūn。 zhè zhēn shì yī gè gǔ guài de hūn yīn shí wù lián。 　　1477 nián 　　 yīng gé lán de mǎ jí lì · bù lǔ sī xiě xià liǎo yòu jìzǎi de zuì zǎo de yī zhāng qíng rén kǎ， xī wàng wèi lái de zhàng fū néng gòu shǐ tā chéng wéi“ rén shì jiān zuì xìng fú de zhù fù” bìng qiě bù jì jiào tā pín fá de jià zhuāng。 ér duō nián yǐ lái， quē fá jià zhuāng shǐ hěn duō nǚ xìng bù dé bù jìn xiū dào yuàn dāng xiū nǚ。 　　1492 nián 　　 jī dū jiào bǎ hūn yīn shì wéi“ xià jiàn de zhuàng tài”“ yín yù de shǒu duàn”， rèn wéi“ hūn yīn shì rén lèi de ruǎn lē”。 　　16 shì jì 　　 zài měi guó tí chū“ xiǎng shòu xìng shēng huó de kuài lè” zhī qián 400 nián， yìn dù jiù yòu liǎo“ AnangaRanga”。 tā jiào huì zhàng fū hé qī zǐ men tōng guò 32 zhǒng xìng jiāo zī shì bǎo chí hūn yīn de shēng jī hé kuài lè。 yǔ cǐ tóng shí， zài dé guó， zǎo qī de qīng jiào tú tí chàng hūn nèi xìng xíng wéi。 zōng jiào gǎi gé jiā mǎ dīng · lù dé rèn wéi， xìng yù shì rén de běn xìng， shì nán yǐ yā zhì de。 yīn cǐ， tā shuō fú yī pī xiū nǚ lí kāi xiū dào yuàn， bìng qiě bāng zhù tā men xún zhǎo zhàng fū。 　　16 shì jì chū yè 　　 hēng lì bā shì zhì zào liǎo yòu shǐ yǐ lái zuì dà de má fán。 tā běn lái shì gè qián chéng de tiān zhù jiào tú， wèile néng yòu gè 'ér zǐ jì chéng wáng wèi， tā jué dìng gēn kǎi sà lín wáng hòu lí hūn， dàn bèi luó mǎ jiào tíng jù jué liǎo。 hēng lì bā shì gān cuì gēn jiào tíng jué liè， xuān bù zì lì shān tóu， chuàng lì yī gè kě yǐ lí hūn de zōng jiào。 　　 xīn jiào zài wú xíng zhōng tí gāo liǎo nǚ xìng de dì wèi。 yóu yú xīn jiào de zhù zhāng， zǎo zài 16 shì jì 20 nián dài， yīng guó de nǚ xìng jiù huò dé liǎo lí hūn de zì yóu； ér wéi liǎo shǐ nǚ xìng miǎn shòu guò dù xīn láo， bì yùn hé jié zhì shēng yù yě chéng wéi xīn jiào liú xíng de shè huì zhōng shòu dào zūn zhòng de zuò fǎ。 　　 hēng lì bā shì chú liǎo“ dì zào” xiàn dài měi guó wài ( tā suǒ qū zhú de nà xiē sǐ huó bù kěn lí hūn de wán gù fènzǐ men chéng“ wǔ yuè huā” hào dào xīn dà lù chéng lì liǎo měi guó héng héng jīn tiān shì jiè shàng lí hūn shuài zuì gāo de guó jiā )， tā hái shì xiàn dài shè huì de dì yī gè lí hūn zhě。 tā de lí hūn shì zhēn zhèng cóng zōng jiào yì yì shàng de chè dǐ gē lí。 yǒng yuǎn bù kě lí hūn zhè gè bù kě dòng yáo de shén huà pò miè liǎo。 　　1553 nián 　　 xuè xīng mǎ lì jí wèi。 hēng lì bā shì yòng jìn yī shēng xīn xuè， xiǎng yào gè 'ér zǐ jì chéng wáng wèi， tā rú yuàn yǐ cháng， dàn nà gè léi ruò de nán hái zhǐ zuò liǎo 6 nián huáng dì jiù sǐ liǎo。 bèi hēng lì bā shì shā diào de dì yī wèi wáng hòu de nǚ 'ér mǎ lì jiē guǎn liǎo wáng quán， zuò wéi xiàn dài shè huì shàng dì yī zhuāng lí hūn 'àn de shòu hài zhě， tā zhǎn kāi liǎo kě pà de bào fù： huī fù tiān zhù jiào de tǒng zhì hé zhōng shì jì de yī qiē zuò fǎ， duì xīn jiào tú zhǎn kāi liǎo cán kù zhèn yā， duǎn duǎn 3 nián， tā jiù zài lún dūn děng dì shāo sǐ 300 duō rén。 zhì jīn réng yòu dà liàng guān xì pò liè de fū qī yǐ“ bù shāng hài hái zǐ” wéi yóu bù lí hūn。 　　1558 nián 　　 yī lì suō bái nǚ wáng yī shì dāng zhèng。 tā shì hēng lì bā shì de sī shēng nǚ。 dāng tā 25 suì jí wèi de shí hòu， jiù chéng liǎo 'ōu zhōu wèi hūn nǚ rén zhōng zuì yòu jià zhí de yī wèi， zǒng gòng yòu 50 duō míng jūn zhù xiàng tā qiú guò hūn。 tā bǎ hūn yīn dàngchéng zuì bǎo guì de chóu mǎ， cóng zhōng huò qǔ fēng hòu de lì yì。 měi dāng yīng guó xū yào mǒu gè guó jiā de zhī chí huò huǎn hé guān xì shí， nǚ wáng jiù kāi shǐ fàng chū xiāo xī， dǎ suàn xún zhǎo yì zhōng rén， ràng nà xiē wáng gōng guì zú máng huó hǎo jiǔ， hào fèi xǔ duō qián cái， ér nǚ wáng què yíng dé liǎo chuǎn xī zhī jī。 tā tǒng zhì yīng guó 45 nián， yī shǒu dǎ zào liǎo“ rì bù luò” dà bù liè diān wáng guó。 nǚ rén cóng cǐ jué xǐng héng héng yuán lái yòng hūn yīn shì kě yǐ zhēng fú nán rén、 lì yòng nán rén de。 zī běn zhù yì gōng lì shì de hūn yīn suí zhe fù nǚ liǎ de bù xìng xíjuǎn liǎo zhěng gè shì jiè。 　　1625 nián 　　 qīng jiào tú zuò zhě wēi lián · gǔ qí jiàn yì qī zǐ men chēng hū bàn lǚ wéi“ fū jūn”， ér jué duì bù yào chēng tā men wéi“ tián xīn、 mì táng、 qīn 'ài de、 bǎo bèi 'ér、 wǒ de zuì 'ài、 xiǎo yā zǐ、 xiǎo pàng zhū” zhī lèi。 　　 gōng yuán 17 shì jì 　　 yīng wáng chá lǐ 'èr shì de yù yī fā míng liǎo bǎo xiǎn tào。 tā de yuán cái liào shì xiǎo yáng de máng cháng。 zhè zài dāng shí shì yī jiàn hōng dòng quán qiú de dà shì。 gāi yù yī jiù píng zhè xiàng fā míng huò dé liǎo jué wèi， yīng guó yě cóng zhōng zuàn qǔ dà liàng wài huì。 zhè gè báobáo de xiǎo dōng xī， gěi liǎo nǚ xìng xiǎng shòu xìng de zuì gēn běn bǎo zhàng， sī shēng zǐ dà guī mó jiǎn shǎo。 　　1725 nián 　　 qí yà kē mò · kǎ sà nuò wǎ héng héng tiān shēng de dà zhòng qíng rén， jiàng shēng zài wēi ní sī。 zài tā de yóu jì zhōng， jì lù liǎo tā de shàng bǎi gè qíng fù ( dà bù fēn shì yǐ hūn fù nǚ )， qí zhōng néng gòu jiào shàng míng zì de jiù yòu 116 gè。 liǎng gè shì jì hòu，“ dà zhòng qíng rén” hé“ mèng zhōng qíng rén” shì fēn kāi de bù shòu qiǎn zé de yǐ hūn nán nǚ jīng shén chū guǐ duì xiàng。 　　1750 nián 　　 suí zhe wèi hūn xiān yùn qíng kuàng de bù duàn zēng jiā， xīn yīng gé lán de yī xiē shì zhèn shì tú jìn zhǐ“ tóng sù” de xí guàn， jí zhǐ yào shuāng fāng dū chuānzhuó yī fú huò zhě zhōng jiān yòu gé bǎn xiāng gé， xiāng liàn de yī duì nán nǚ jiù kě yǐ shuì zài yī qǐ。 dào shì jì mò， nǚ quán zhù yì zhě mǎ lì · wò sī tōng kè lā fū tè zài《 wéi nǚ xìng de quán lì biàn hù》 yī shū zhōng， dì yī cì duì xiàn zhì xìng hūn yīn jìn xíng liǎo yòu lì de pēng jī。 　　18 shì jì mò qī 　　 nǚ rén zài hūn qián yǐ jīng néng gòu zì lì， wǎng wǎng yán dàng hūn shì， zhí dào zì jǐ chóu zú jià zhuāng wéi zhǐ。 ōu zhōu láo gōng jiē céng de dìng hūn tōng cháng jīng nián lěi yuè， zài zhè duàn shí qī， 40% de láo gōng qíng lǚ xuǎn zé hūn qián tóng jū， shèn zhì wèi hūn xiān yùn héng héng zhè zài shàng céng jiē jí shì wú fǎ xiǎng xiàng de。 jìn guǎn jiào huì yán lì jìn zhǐ， dàn zhè yī xiàn xiàng bù kě 'è zhǐ dì chéng wéi shè huì de pǔ biàn xiàn xiàng。 　　1848 nián 　　《 gòng chǎn dǎng xuān yán》 dàn shēng， wén zhāng zhōng tí dào： zī běn zhù yì zhì dù， ràng hūn yīn zhōng de nán nǚ jiē xià liǎo wēn qíng mòmò de miàn shā。 shì shí shàng， xiāng dāng duō de rén huì zàn tóng zhī jiā gē xué pài dài biǎo rén wù bèi kè 'ěr lìng yī lèi sì duàn yán： shàng dì mù guāng suǒ jí， jiē kě jiāo yì。 　　1879 nián 12 yuè 　　《 wán 'ǒu zhī jiā》 zài gē běn hā gēn huáng jiā jù yuàn shǒu yǎn。 gāi jù yǐn fā liǎo yīcháng zhèn dàng bàn gè shì jì de lùn zhàn。 lùn zhàn dào jī liè shí， màn huà jiā shèn zhì yǐ“ xīn nǚ xìng” qī zǐ yǔ“ cǎn zāo róu lìn” de zhàng fū wéi tí cái dà jiā fěng cì。 suī rán yì bǔ shēng yǐ jīng xí guàn yú zāo dào 'è píng， dàn shì zhè cì kàng yì de shēng yīn biàn jí zhěng gè 'ōu zhōu， tā dà chī yī jīng。 shí zhì jīn rì， nà lā yǐ jīng chéng wéi nǚ xìng jué xǐng de dài míng cí， wú lùn tā chū zǒu hái shì liú xià dū fǎn yìng liǎo nǚ xìng shì tú cóng wán 'ǒu zhuǎn wéi rén lèi shè huì“ zhèng shì gōng mín” de zhēngzhá。 ōu zhōu gè guó fēn fēn duì nǚ xìng de lì fǎ shǐ nà lā men jū rán yòu quán lì bēizhe zhàng fū xiàng yínháng dài kuǎn， zhè zài 10 nián qián， jiǎn zhí shì yī jiàn bù kě néng de shì qíng。 　　1857 nián 　　 ná pò lún sān shì zhèng fǔ duì fú lóu bài yǔ《 bāo fǎ lì fū rén》 yī shū de fā xíng rén tí qǐ gōng sù， zhǐ kòng tā men xù yì wǔ rǔ dào dé。 dàn shì zài bèi gào lǜ shī de tāo tāo xióng biàn xià、 zài jiā shàng yú lùn dà zhòng duì bāo fǎ lì fū rén de tóng qíng， zuì zhōng ná pò lún sān shì bài sù。“ pān jīn lián” qǔ dé liǎo huī huáng de shèng lì。 　　1888 nián 8 yuè 　　 méng nà · kǎi 'ěr dé zài《 xī mǐn píng lùn》 shàng fā biǎo liǎo yī piān guān yú hūn yīn gé mìng de xiǎo wén， jiēguǒ yǐn bào liǎo mèn guàn zhōng de yīng guó。 duǎn duǎn bù dào liǎng gè yuè， bào shè shōu dào 27000 fēng lái xìn。 cóng cǐ， lián zuì wán gù bǎo shǒu de yīng guó xiǎo shuō jiā yě zhōng yú fàng qì liǎo yǐ jié hūn wéi xiǎo shuō de“ kuài lè jié jú”。 xìng yǔ hūn yīn de yīn 'àn miàn de jiē lù chéng wéi dāng shí xiǎo shuō liú xíng de yuán sù。 　　1870 nián 　　 quán qiú dì yī cì lí hūn làng cháo xí lái。 zài lí hūn bàn suí zhe wú chù bù zài de dí sī kē yīnyuè bèi chǎo dé fèi fèi yáng yáng zhī qián 100 nián， nǚ quán yùn dòng yǐ jīng huàn qǐ nǚ rén zhuī qiú zì lì、 bǎi tuō bù xìng hūn yīn de yuàn wàng。 1870 nián dào 1900 nián jiān， měi guó de lí hūn shuài zēngzhǎng liǎo 6 bèi。 　　1895 nián 4 yuè 30 rì 　　 tóng xìng liàn zhě 'ào sī kǎ · wáng 'ěr dé zài zhēn duì qí“ wěi xiè xíng wéi” jìn xíng de shěn pàn zhōng shuō：“ duì yú zhè zhǒng 'ài de míng zì， běn shì jì wú rén gǎn yú tí jí。 rán 'ér tā shì yī míng niánzhǎng nán zǐ duì yú yī míng nián qīng nán zǐ suǒ chǎn shēng de jí qí wěi dà de gǎn qíng， jiù xiàng dà wèi hé qiáo nà sēn， jiù xiàng bólātú zhé xué lǐ lùn de jī chǔ， jiù xiàng nǐ cóng mǐ kāi lǎng qí luó hé suō shì bǐ yà de zuò pǐn zhōng suǒ fā xiàn de jīng shén。 tā shì shēn kè de jīng shén zhī 'ài， jì chún jié yòu wán měi。” 　　19 shì jì zhōng qī 　　 yīng guó wéi duō lì yà nǚ wáng jí wèi。 wéi duō lì yà shí dài chōng chì zhe zhōng chǎn jiē jí de dào mào 'àn rán。 guǎng gào zhōng chū xiàn de nǚ shì nèi yī dōushì zhé dié qǐ lái de， wéi de shì bù ràng rén kàn dào nèi kù de dāng bù。 zài zuò 'ài guò chéng zhōng， qī zǐ men yīnggāi jìn liàng biǎo xiàn dé bèi dòng。 jí shǐ gǎn jué dào yù wàng de cún zài yě shì dà jì。 shèn zhì dào jīn tiān， tā de yú wēi shàng cún。 zài tā de nián dài， jí shǐ shì jī xiōngpú dōubù néng zhí hū qí míng， zhǐ néng yǐ bái ròu hū zhī。 hòu lái qiū jí 'ěr jiù bèi yī gè yán sù de guì zú nǚ rén jiū zhèng liǎo tā yòu shī jiǎn diǎn de kǒu wù。 qiū jí 'ěr wèile mí bǔ guò shī， jiù gěi nà gè nǚ rén sòng liǎo duǒ méi guī， gōng jìng dì shuō：“ qǐng bǎ huā bié zài nǐ de‘ bái ròu’ shàng。” bù guò， xìng réng rán tōng guò sè qíng wén xué zhú bù shèn rù gōng zhòng shēng huó， bǐ rú wēi lián · hǎi 'ēn sī xià liú 'ér zhí bái de xiǎo shuō。 xìng kāi fàng shǐ hūn yīn biàn dé yuè lái yuè nán zhuō mō。 　　1903 nián 　　 zhōng guó wú xī yī wèi xìng xuān de nǚ xìng yóu tā de gē gē zuò zhù， xǔ pèijǐ dāng dì yī wèi xìng qiú de jǔ rén。 nǚ láng dāng shí zài shàng hǎi yī suǒ nǚ zǐ xué táng dāng jiào shī， lín jìn jǔ xíng hūn lǐ shí gē gē cái tōng zhī tā。 nǚ láng bù yuàn， yǔ gē gē zhēng zhí wú xiào， biàn zhí jiē xiě xìn gěi nà wèi jǔ rén：“ hūn pèi zhī shì， wǒ guó jiù lì bì yòu fù mǔ zhī mìng， ōu lǜ zé tīng běn rén yì jiàn。 qián zhě xíng pìn zhī shì， nǎi jiā xiōng yī rén zhī yì， mǒu zhì jīn fāng shǐ zhī， wàn nán wéi píng。 ruò bì yù jiàn yuē， mǒu dāng sǐ rù qiú shì zhī mù， bù néng shēng jìn qiú shì zhī mén。” tā yǔ qì jiān dìng， dào lǐ chōng zú， qiú jǔ rén yě tōng qíng dá lǐ， shuāng fāng biàn jiě chú liǎo hūn yuē。 zhè zài dāng shí bào zhǐ shàng yǐn qǐ dà tǎo lùn， shí rén chēng zhī wéi zhōng guó“ nǚ quán zhù yì zhī fā duān。” 　　1927 nián 12 yuè 1 rì 　　 jiǎng jiè shí yǔ sòng měi líng zài shàng hǎi kūn shān lù jǐng lín táng sòng zhái jǔ xíng jī dū jiào tú de jié hūn yí shì， jiē zhe yòu dào háo huá de dà huá fàn diàn jǔ xíng zhōng guó zuì chuán tǒng wèi dào de hūn lǐ。 yòu rén tǒng jì， jiǎng、 sòng zài shàng hǎi jié hūn， huā fèi dá shù bǎi wàn yuán。 shàng hǎi sān jiā yīng wén bào zhǐ de bào dào shì： zhè shì zhōng guó rén de yī gè xiǎn hè de jié hūn yí shì。 shàng hǎi yī jiā bào zhǐ de biāo tí shì：“ zhōng měi hé zuò” ( jiǎng zhōng zhèng hé sòng měi líng ) zé diǎn míng liǎo zhè chǎng hūn yīn de shí zhì。 sòng shì sān jiě mèi jiāng guó shì biàn zuò jiā shì， 3 gè nǚ zǐ zuǒ yòu liǎo zhōng guó bàn gè shì jì de zhèng jú， tā men yòng hūn yīn gǎi zào liǎo zhōng guó de mìng yùn。 　　1931 nián 10 yuè 　　 pǔ yí hé wén xiù dá chéng liǎo fǎ yuàn wài xié yì lí hūn。 lí hūn lǐ yóu wéi liǎng rén jié hūn 9 nián jìng cóng wèi yòu guò xìng shēng huó。 cǐ shì chéng wéi dāng shí bào zhà xìng xīn wén， bào zhǐ yòng de biāo tí jìng shì“ fēi zǐ gé mìng”、“ pò tiān huāng héng héng huáng fēi gēn huáng dì dǎ lí hūn” děng， ér“ lí hūn de 5 gè tiáo jiàn” zhōng de zuì hòu yī tiáo：“ jīng shuāng fāng xié shāng， wén xiù lí hūn hòu bù zhǔn zài jià rén”。 　　1944 nián 　　 qián zhōng shū kāi shǐ xiě zuò《 wéi chéng》， zuò pǐn zhōng de zhù yào rén wù， dū guò dé fēi cháng láng bèi， hūn yīn jiàn jiàn biàn chéng nào jù。“ wéi chéng” chéng wéi hūn yīn de jīng diǎn yù yì： wài miàn de rén xiǎng jìn qù， lǐ miàn de rén xiǎng chū lái。 　　1950 nián 8 yuè 8 rì 　　 zhōu 'ēn lái yǔ dèng yíng chāo jié hūn 25 zhōu nián jì niàn hé yǐng。 zhè duì fū qī de 'ài qíng bèi kàn chéng shì zhōng guó chuán tǒng měi dé de wán měi tǐ xiàn。 　　1953 nián 　　《 huā huā gōng zǐ》 lóng zhòng dēng chǎng， gǔ dòng nán rén men“ xiǎng shòu nǚ xìng bì xū tí gōng de kuài lè， ér bù bì shè jí gǎn qíng”， dāng rán yě bāo kuò liǎo hūn yīn。 　　1960 nián dài 　　 yīng guó chū xiàn liǎo“ jiāo huàn xìng bàn lǚ”， měi guó zé chū bǎn liǎo《 huā huā gōng zǐ》， wéi nǚ rén tí gōng de yīn jīng xíng zhuàng de sù liào zhèn dòng qì yě zài dà chéng shì de yào diàn chú chuāng bǎi fàng zài xiǎn yào wèi zhì shàng。 xìng chéng wéi yī zhǒng kàng yì de wǔ qì， xī pí shì、 zào fǎn pài men fēn fēn hǎn chū liǎo“ yào zuò 'ài， bù yào zuò zhàn” de kǒu hào。 xìng zhù tí jué jué dì tū pò liǎo hūn yīn。 　　1965 nián 　　 hūn liàn jiāo yǒu jié mù《 TheDatingGame》 chéng wéi huáng jīn shí duàn de rè mén jié mù。 1967 nián， měi guó zuì gāo fǎ yuàn xuān bù fèi chú suǒ yòu jìn zhǐ zhǒng zú jiān tōng hūn de fǎ lǜ。 　　 zhōng guó“ wén gé” qī jiān chū xiàn liǎo zhōng guó dì 'èr cì lí hūn gāo cháo， lí hūn rén shù gāo dá 180 duō wàn duì。 zhōng guó qí yú liǎng cì“ lí hūn cháo” fēn bié shì zài 20 shì jì 50 nián dài hé 90 nián dài chū。 　　1970 nián dài 　　 zài yǐ sè liè hé měi guó chū xiàn liǎo qún jū gōng shè， nán nǚ fā shēng guān xì shēng liǎo hái zǐ， dàn zhè gè hái zǐ bù zhī dào shì nǎ gè nán rén de， tā men jiù xuǎn jǔ chū yī gè wěi yuán huì lái fǔ yǎng zhè gè hái zǐ。 kě xī wū tuō bāng xìng shì yàn de jiēguǒ biǎo míng： xuè yuán de rèn tóng duì 'ér tóng chéngzhǎng zuì zhòng yào de。 rén kǒu de zài shēngzhǎng hé wén míng de yán xù， dū xū yào yī fū yī qī zhì。 　　1980 nián dài zhōng qī dào 1990 nián dài 　　 shì jiè dì 'èr cì lí hūn làng cháo。 lí hūn shuài zài měi guó jiù shàng shēng dào liǎo 50%， yòng zhè gè shù zì lái yù cè， jīn tiān jié hūn de rén jiāng yòu yī bàn tuì chū hūn yīn。 　　1996 nián 　　 zhōng guó tái wān zhù míng diàn shì lán mù《 fēi cháng nán nǚ》 kāi bō。 xiàn chǎng sù pèi chéng gōng 500 duō duì， qí zuì zhōng dì jié lián lǐ de bù dào 40 duì。 liǎng nián hòu， shàng hǎi《 xiāng yuē xīng qī liù》 kāi bō， chū chǎng jiā bīn 300 duō rén， tán hūn lùn jià zhě méi yòu yī duì； 1998 nián 7 yuè hú nán wèi shì《 méi guī zhī yuē》 zhèng shì bō chū zhì jīn， nán nǚ jiā bīn 300 duō rén， zhēn zhèng xiāng yuē qiān shǒu de yě jiù 10 jǐ duì。 　　1996 nián 　　《 Town&Country》 zá zhì tuī chū liǎo shì jiè shàng dì yī gè yǐ hūn lǐ wéi zhù tí de wǎng zhàn。 　　1998 nián 5 yuè 　　 jì zhě 'ān dùn de《 jué duì yǐn sī héng héng dāng dài zhōng guó rén qíng gǎn kǒu shù shí lù》 chū bǎn， chéng wéi chàng xiāo shū。 zhōng guó rén xiān qǐ liǎo hūn yīn fǎn sī cháo。 　　hūnyīn 　　Interpretation: 　　(1) [marriage]: wedding things. Married and married men and women are on a common life together as a social phenomenon such statements, married the woman said from marrying is the man said, there must have married marry, marry, there must be married, married and married there the same time, speaking from the meaning of both and which side there is no male and female subordinate meaning. 　　(2) [matrimony]: man and woman as husband and wife; married state. 　　The origin of marriage: 　　Marriage in ancient times known as 'stunning marriage' or 'faint due to'. In general, the origin of the word marriage has three versions: the Han Zheng Xuan said, referring to the wedding the marriage ceremony. Wedding in ancient China, the man usually home in the evening to the scene of the marrying women, but the woman with the man out, that 'men to faint when the meet women, because men and women from' custom, is the 'faint''because' the origin of the word. In other words, married men and women marriage is the process of marriage. 　　The world's major countries, the legal age for marriage 　　China's legal age of marriage of 22 years of age men and women 20 years of age. Even after the late marriage 　　The world's major countries, Economic Analysis of legal age of marriage laws 　　Legal age of marriage the world's major countries are: Iran, the legal marriage age of 9 years; Dutch legal age of marriage of 12 years of age; Russian legal age of marriage of 14 years of age; French legal age of marriage of 15 years of age; Philippines legal age of marriage of 16 years; Korean legal age of marriage of 16 years; 18-year-old Japanese male, female 16 years old; Brazil 16 years of age; 16-year-old Hong Kong, China; China Taiwan 16 years of age; different states, some states require, such as the two sides under the age of majority, shall be subject to parental consent for marriage, and some states require the age of 18 men and women under 16 years of age, even if the parents agreed to not get married. Idaho, Mississippi and New Jersey and Washington state is allowed at least 14 year-old boy, a girl aged 12 married 　　History of Human Marriage 　　Traced back to primitive times, there is the so-called marriage, it is a herd instinct properties of higher life, the laws of nature will use the power of opposites attract, so that mammalian life thrived. Form of human existence and the binding mode of marriage, subject to the environmental impact of human society. Different times and regions, social environment, creating a variety of marriage patterns, and the combination of methods. Scientific sense, if not married, a lot of blood there can be confusion, not conducive to people's good reproduction. 　　Primitive human does not need marriage, this primate of today is the same, do not elaborate. After that came the clan society, used the collective group marriage system, in which a male or female collective clan married into another clan. This is also in the process of evolution, proliferation and the prevention of incest to ethnic groups led to the formation of a practice degradation. Then later entered the private ownership of society, have a one to one or a pair of husband and wife relationship between a fixed number, and thus a marriage. 　　Is worth noting that, due to marriage arising from private ownership, it has been closely associated with the property. As the man is the subject of private ownership of society, so women have been seen as men's property, so most of the ancient society of polygamy. And rush marriage, the sale of wives and other phenomena from this. Since private ownership of property because the male kinship inheritance, in order to ensure the purity of blood, there is a "virgin" and the strict constraints on women's sexual behavior. 　　When the tribe and the state and other social organization, marriage became a political bargaining chip. From the tribes intermarry, the country's rulers of "marriage" are trying to achieve political ends through marriage. Even today, marriage is still rich family alliances and rationalization of property for inheritance. 　　As in the natural small-scale peasant society, marriage is a kind of division of labor composition, the so-called "men plow and women weave", "men and women stay home." The people in modern society, and marriage is to form a family, in meeting human needs of the normal life, was committed as a family and future generations of social care responsibilities and obligations, a person's a kind destination. 　　Comprehensive view, marriage is a natural law, contrary to the laws of man, will bring us some trouble. About the history of human marriage experienced the following stages: the period of promiscuity, group marriage (blood group marriage, group marriage outside the family), dual marriage, monogamy. 　　Promiscuity 　　Promiscuous sexual intercourse is to reproduce and eventually will form only knew his mother not a father of the mother-oriented social relations. Just as ants and bees in the world, is "queen mother" rule. Ancient Chinese sage's birth, often the mother stepped on a miracle, to swallow a big star, or intercourse with the fetish is born, not a father. But the mother-oriented social relations, and development of productive forces the formation of contradictions. When entering a higher stage of society, hunting and fishing industry gradually developed, men in productive labor, continue to reflect the advantages of strength, which along with the demand of the position. 　　Dual group marriage and marriage 　　Advantage of men began to challenge the power of the mother's authority, but also challenges the authority of his father, this will have in the distribution of conflict, major conflict, competition for sexual partners, or even lead to population extinction. Anthropologists found that more than ten million years ago, in Europe, often called Benedetto person's race, according to bones that its tall, physically fit, then it mysteriously disappeared. Is internal strife in such killing each other to death for? On the one hand is the survival instinct and the instinct to promote powerful rights and status of those to get to the collapse of the existing population; on the one hand is required to maintain stability and human development group. How do? Semyonov Soviet historian, "the origin of marriage and family," that primitive man to rely on "sexual taboo" to maintain a relatively stable time. "Sexual taboo" requirement in hunting or fishing during the period of prohibition of any sexual activity, or even prohibit contact with women about things, otherwise it is considered breach of the gods, but a capital offense. Because of hunting and fishing activities, the survival of ethnic relations, this time because of competition for the event of civil unrest caused, will inevitably lead to the fall of ethnic groups. 　　However, with the men in the production activities are gaining in status, the mother must be right to challenge the passage of time, women subordinate to men, become the property of men. 　　Monogamy 　　Establishment of paternity, property privatization, in order to ensure future generations will inherit his father's property Zaixi require Zaixi blood purity, while the child is required to confirm the identity of the father. This means that the dual marriage in polygamous form will be preserved; also on the chastity of women put forward demands. The blood of the legitimacy of requests, even polygamy, also need to have a master's wife, as Abraham's wife Sarah, son Isaac in order to inherit property, to enable women and their children away Hagar. The monogamous family, the end result of such requirements. 　　The concept of the Law on Marriage 　　As the Object of the Marriage Law, Marriage Law subjects "marriage", there must be a clear concept of law. The legal concept of marriage should be with the people in the civil law concept that corresponds to and can always systems in the marriage law. It should cover the following three definitions: the basis of the combination of men and women; to live together for the purpose; with the publicity of marital status. It should include a variety of legal and illegal marriage, marriage can with sex before marriage, concubinage, cohabiting, non-marital cohabitation distinguish such phenomena, but should avoid getting married, marriage and other legal concepts confused. 　　Based on the integration of men and women 　　This is the marriage of the natural level of meaning. Physiological differences between men and women, human instinct inherent in the nature, of forming a natural marriage, again, marriage Guyou the natural attributes, this natural attribute a relationship different from other social relations of the important Tezheng that if the first natural factors Zhong Zhong human society is simply impossible marriage. 　　Throughout the history of marriage, marriage is the combination of men and women for the content. Engels in the "Family, Private Property and the State of origin" article, not only of the origin and development of marriage and the marriage of the future society was speculate. Ignorant of the times, the group marriage system of barbarism, under the dual system of marriage, marriage is a union between opposite sex, and civilization adapted to adultery and prostitution, monogamy, supplemented, from the name itself indicates that it is the men and women The combination between. From Engels on the origins of monogamy, but we can see that it became necessary requirement for heterosexual marriage. "Monogamy is not based on natural conditions, and to economic conditions. 　　To live together for the purpose of 　　The so-called "living together" means living together as members of the same family, living in a community in the same. Under normal circumstances, but also between husband and wife sex life and marital love each other. Mr. Shi Shangkuan that the "common life" normally "the common life of the spirit (another dear, the combination of the spirit), of living together (combination of meat) and economic life of the common (family income there)," This is a "common life "all generalizations. 　　Publication of the identity of a husband and wife 　　Publication of the identity of husband and wife, is the level of marriage and the meaning of the phenomenon. It requires both parties should have an open marriage couple identity. The concept of the meaning of marriage, this layer contains two aspects. 　　First, on behalf of both men and women living together as husband and wife must live around people also think that they are husband and wife. 　　That is, both men and women both have a married life of the inner contents of the external form, there should also be recognized by the public as husband and wife. Premarital sex, concubinage, cohabiting, non-marital cohabitation phenomenon, required to establish the appropriate law marriage law term. And make these legal terms and to distinguish the concept of marriage, the inevitable requirement of the concept of marriage as "husband and wife as the publicity" of the content. 　　Second, the husband and wife as long as the public recognition, no legitimacy. 　　Marriage is commonly recognized that, "legal" is the essential content of the concept of marriage. This type of marriage, marriage law in the contradiction to the theory, and the content of our laws are not consistent; is not conducive to the development of the whole history of the institution of marriage, is not conducive to study the institution of marriage from around the world; and China does not match the current marital status. Marriage Law in the laws, regulations and texts, involving a variety of marriage: arranged marriage, is a third party (including parents) in violation of the principle of autonomy of marriage, arranged marriage, forced others to act; sale into marriage, is a third party (including parents ) to obtain a large number of property for the purpose of forced arranged marriage behavior of others (see February 2, 1992, "Supreme People's Court on the implementation of legal advice in civil policy"); de facto marriage "refers to both men and women without marriage registration that is name of the spouse cohabitation, and the people are considered husband and wife combination "; invalid marriage," refers to the elements of breach of marriage and the establishment of illegal marriage. " All these marriages are not legal, but in our legislation, legal interpretation and legal research, regarded them as marriage. Therefore, we define the concept of marriage should only be identified as the publicity of a husband and wife, without the need for legitimacy. 　　Individual needs of marriage 　　1. Marriage to meet the individual needs 　　Individual needs is the foundation and driving force of human behavior, these needs must be met, following the demand for marriage and family life is particularly important: 　　⑴ love - the most important in marriage, should be the first to satisfy the thirst for love, marriage, love should include honesty, responsibility and giving attitude, and gentle adaptability. 　　⑵ sense of security - even more than men need women, in other words, she is more dependent on man, ethics and economic capacity is also part of security. 　　⑶ self-confidence - everyone needs the approval of others, praise or equal treatment, even between husband and wife this need. Married life to encourage each other to increase the confidence the other side is the right road. 　　⑷ birth - normal marriage also meet the needs of each sex, having children is a natural development, and complete rejection of marriage fertility will lead to the rift. 　　⑸ family authority - the authority of the family responsibilities clearly. Children in the family learn to accept authority, to grow up in the community respect for law and authority. 　　2. Careful watering the garden of marriage 　　⑴ for the destruction of marital relations, and to be vigilant to avoid stabbing the wrong words or meaningless bickering. 　　⑵ spend more time on family life to help make friends, and more exchange of views on family life. 　　⑶ the couple also need to review from time to time marriage, seeking to improve. 　　⑷ conflict, quarrel, the Cold War is inevitable, because each person has an emotional impulse, what matters is the experience of growing into each conflict, learn to open minded individuals, to face reality. Only love and for the sake of each other in order to resolve everything. 　　Marriage is love garden, flower garden must have sufficient space to grow, and planned plant, and sometimes to have to dig sometimes to fertilization, sometimes transplantation, and sometimes get rid of. Flowers depends on the season, different seasons, open flowers are different, marriage also changes of the seasons, each season has different difficulties and dangers, and dangerous means, not explain the "crisis of crisis"? So be careful irrigation of the flower of love, if it, together with the grass long, trouble is sure to be killed, either by wind or sun it will not be long Well, only to irrigation, well prepared, be patient, sooner or later the working class to bear fruit. 　　3. 4 risk of marriage 　　The first dangerous period: 　　Child is born the couple suddenly increasing the pressure, the original play and recreation greatly reduced quality of life decline. Children generated by the arrival of the "triangular" relationship, changed the original "two world", a couple of marriage the same time nervous, confused, bewildered. 　　The second danger period: 　　This period of four to five years after marriage, the couple easily find life dull dull. Husband worked for many years, but did not see any bright future, even too lazy to do housework; wife both work and have to take care of their children, too busy, the couple have no inclination to accompany each other intimately, this time they may find Concert. One sociologist investigated 70 women with a married man having an affair, found that most of these extra-marital affairs began in simple friendship. When the husband or wife should have said to the other party to the intimate listening to others talk, the couple are to blame. 　　The third risk period: 　　Married about seven years, sociologists found that married couples between the sixth to ten years, reached the lowest level of marital satisfaction. In fact, the divorce rate is also the seventh to ten years after marriage, the formation of the peak. This time, the spouses should be the greatest patience, care to help each other up to ensure the quality of marriage. 　　Fourth of danger: 　　Married twenty years this time, the physical condition of both men and women gradually changed. Wife went into the menopause is often restless, worried that they lost all charm, her husband was getting older and older no longer worry about --- with plenty of energy, creativeness not agile, but his son play basketball to enhance the totally hopeless. At this point he is in need of understanding and comfort, while the wife is precisely the same requirements. If the husband and wife can not give each other, he (she) may go looking for other heterosexual. 　　Wedding anniversary 　　Wedding anniversary generally have the following address: 　　Year: Paper Marriage 　　Years: cloth marriage 　　Three years: Paper Marriage 　　Four years: Silk Wedding / silk wedding 　　Five years: wooden wedding 　　Six: Rail marriage 　　Seven: Copper marriage / wedding hair 　　Eight: Electrical marriage / marriage bronze 　　Nine: pottery wedding 　　Decade: tin wedding 　　15 years: Crystal Wedding 　　Two decades: porcelain wedding 　　20 years: silver wedding 　　Three years: Pearl Wedding 　　Thirty-five years: Coral Wedding / Emerald marriage 　　Four decades: ruby wedding 　　40 years: sapphire wedding 　　Five years: golden wedding 　　50 years: Jade marriage / emerald wedding 　　6 years: diamond wedding 　　7 years: Platinum Wedding 　　Marriage in Ancient China 　　Ancient marriage age, the dynasty is not the same. Spring and Autumn period, the men's 20-plus crown, women 16 and hairpin, you can get married; also said that "while the married male 30, female 20 and married," is to lose time. "Han Emperor Hui Ji" on the express written: "Women over 15 to 30 years, not married, five-count." "Five-count" is the penalty she paid five times the taxes. In fact, the phenomenon of early marriage in Ancient China is also very serious, Song had "all men 15 years and women 13 years and listen to marriage" requirement. "Later Han Ban Zhao Chuan" on the record: Ban Zhao, "Four years 10, the Executive Ji Zhou Yu Cao." "Han Chuan Shangguan Queen" in even "more than a month Sui Li as Queen, in just six years old" records. But usually after the age of 20. 　　Escorting the groom to the family in ancient times when women are at night. "Miriam BARNES stunning ceremony" that: "stunning ceremony issued." Zheng Xuan note said: "Shi-wife of the ceremony, to faint for a period, which name Yan. Yang to the yin to the Japanese into three companies for the faint." And , "Jazz owner Bian, good clothes, Buddhists, from those who Bixuan side, take the ink vehicle, from cars squares, the Executive candle before the horse." Per capita which is the Bridal wear black, traveling is also black. This popular and later to the day the Bridal, Wedding wear a red dress, very different. Since the Tang Dynasty, before the Bridal time to the morning. According to paragraph into the style of Tang's "Exposition of" record: "ceremony, the wedding will be with faint, its yang to the yin to have. This salute at dawn." Dawn or daybreak. After Long Nan. 　　Ancient bride just started also very particular about the attitude. According to "Spring and Autumn Annals" record: "Keiko out baigui defendant said: 'people who are new to marry women, women to, as Mei Yee Jin-tobacco lines.'" So-called "safe cigarette as Mei Jin-line", yet Note Bing said: "An Jin-smoking as the pro line, describe the status of the bride can be described as penetrating carry on. However, it can be felt, it is difficult Literal Interpretation. On those calm; pity who care; smoke as those flows do not direct the eye askance ; Mei entrants, moving only shame is also reduced and lovely Ann Hsu. is the first entry of the state are the bride, was the loss of anti-identity. " 　　Han got married, are barricaded tent cloth curtain green, thanks to the gift exchange was held. "Shi false deceitful" chapter reads: "Wei Wu is low, the taste and good for the Ranger Yuan Shao. Views were married, dive master for the garden, called the night call saying: 'there are thieves thief!' Green Man Cottage are out of view. Wei Wu is in, pumping edge robbery bride. "This Green House in the marriage customs, remain in effect until the Qing Dynasty, Pu's" Strange Tales "on the various references. 　　Also, according to historical records, Han occasion, He already had the custom of marriage and the wedding night to listen to the customs house. According to "Han Xuan Ji" record: "Wufeng two Chao said: 'husband marriage ceremony, human relations are also great. Food and drinks of the will, so lines are also ritual. Grading and Erqian Dan or good at this as harsh ban not ban people with food and drinks with a wedding He called from a waste Hsiang-tang of the ceremony, nothing to make people happy, non-so guide people also. "Han Emperor purpose of this edict, it is designed to promote the common people at the wedding banquet to celebrate . Also, according to "the wife Han Kui Yuan Chuan" record: Yuan Kui and his wife into the bridal chamber, husband and wife in the whisper: 　　Kui You Yue: "Brother Xianxiong move, the world that laugh. Order Department percent is not suitable, first I am?" Replied: "concubine percent Takayuki special Miao, have not been good piece, not like scorn, Gou, however, has." Asked said: "Nelson Science Jun poor Michinoku, text for the words were, and where the post to frequently in order to produce wealth for the loss, what evil?" replied: "Confucius, the Great Sage, inevitably the destruction of Wu Shu; Zi to Yin, Utah There Bo lao. home by this monarch, whose wish ear solid. "Kui silence can not bend. Off-balance listener to feel ashamed. 　　Han has been listening room license practices. 　　In addition, different generations of ancient marriage customs with a customs are: the ancient taboo of women do not remarry, and have been so from the Zhou Dynasty to the Northern Song Dynasty. According to "Li Tan Gong" record: Confucius, the son of Peter Fish's death, "his wife married in the Guardian," also contains: "Mother died of Zi Si Wei went on Zisi, Zisi cry at the temple. Doors were to say : 'Shu's mother died, what is the temple almost crying in his charm?' Zisi saying: 'I had now! I had now!' is the cry in his room. "visible saints, not from future generations Zaifu remarry. And Wei, Tang and Song Dynasties were a matter of doors for women to remarry, but also uncommon. "Three Kingdoms Ms. Wu Zhibu Biography" records: Step Lady "two daughters, long said, Luban, word big tiger, the former child along with Zhou Yu, the latter with full Cong; less said, Lu Yu, the word tiger, the former with Zhu According to the latter with Liu Compilation. "Shang Bing and" ancient social customs examination of things "drawing" with the Park Essay "that:" Tang Shigong main remarry are 23, three were married four. "and then to see whether ex-husband After the husband, or ex-husband after the husband to see, are not avoided. Song Dynasty poet Lu You and Tang Wan ex-wife after divorce, have a swim Shen Garden, and the subsequent chance encounter Tang Wan Cheng Shi-fu Zhao, Tang, Zhao Lu also sent food and wine, the results moved Lu wrote a spot on the wall, "Reproduction" words. (Do see the "Kuei-Hsin Miscellanies") can be seen, when the Tang and Song women remarry or normal. Until the Ming and Qing dynasties, women are not remarried side to Confucianism, it has been a feast, the Church of that. 　　Ten future trends of China Marriage 　　Smaller family structure 　　Philosophy: Every 3 to 4 people. 　　Expectations of marriage with the arrival of well-off life change, such as the amount of income on household investment, whether the birth will not be more respected. Both sides pay more attention to are: to maintain intimacy, respect of marriage agreement, mutual understanding, and create comfortable, quiet Yat comfortable home. 　　Late marriage and late childbearing increase 　　Concept: a single non-marriage, increasing numbers of voluntary infertility were on the rise. 　　Traditional "men and women stay home" concept, to be applied to modern people, in fact very difficult, or even have been completely overturned. Modern women as level of education, work experience, plus information on a large number of absorption and the media coverage of gender issues, so that women have "women can have their own world" concept, so love the autonomy of the increase, the spouse and marriage more things to consider. 　　There is limerick so that, men see a woman in about three years old, is to look at education; men look after the three-year-old woman, is to look through; men look after the four-year-old woman, is to look at medical records. In fact, such men and women are very sad, one will only "see", one only "be seen", and finally there will not be any results. 　　Therefore, the proposed older men, do not demand too much, because the last or only marry a wife, stopped to give yourself the chance and get along with females, not just "see", must _set_ an example to pursue their own happiness; older woman who had been missing all right, present or is not too late. Even those men prefer young girls, we should strive to pursue their own happiness. If you can not get married, to find sustenance in other ways, in fact, make a "single woman" is also good. 　　More science education in general 　　Idea: young people caused by reckless curiosity sexual experience decreased more careful on premarital sex. 　　Light weight fun mate economy 　　Concept: pay more attention to taste congenial mate, diminish the importance of economic conditions. Hope the other young men and women belong to the same social class with their own. 　　Young women the ideal partner, is a sense of humor, know how to respect people, life is full of fun, and economic conditions, the impact of family background will be diluted. 　　The pursuit of marital quality 　　Philosophy: quality of marriage become the goal. 　　Most families no longer make do, marital adjustment capabilities, will make family life more abundant, fresh, well-being. Greater equality between men and women in marriage, domestic violence reduced, the husband and wife share the household duties. 　　It was this passion and calm assessment of the marriage relationship - each a doomed love the energy, and love the more intense the faster consumption of energy, like flame, gorgeous sky, the moment will become ashes. The tranquil and calm could really be able to maintain life. Perhaps the more dull marriage, love the higher the quality. 　　Financial management system for the transition to AA 　　Concept: Family financial management will be one based on the transition to AA. Pre-marital property notarization, married couples in open bank accounts, independent economic accounting. By marital agreement, the couple take their own financial obligations of family life. 　　AA system, the so-called husband and wife, is a new mode of family financial commitments. It generally takes two forms: one is the exchange part of the money each month as a "family public funds" to pay rent utilities and other common household spending, the rest of their food; the other is entertaining, shopping, taxi and other expenses are all self-care, only buy a house, investing large projects like the average burden on the husband and wife. Recently, many young couples will be introduced to the AA system of family life - "My dear, let's AA system", become a catchword. 　　Reduce domestic conflicts 　　Idea: reduce domestic labor intensity, couples conflicts caused by reduced domestic labor. The socialization of housework, home appliances reduced the time universal. 　　More reason for divorce 　　Idea: Divorce, divorce try to break up a rational first choice, but the divorce rate will continue the rise. 　　Knowledge, people with higher educational level, emotion-rich people, love the higher demands more. But divorce is the social pressure to bear, will be reduced accordingly. 　　Shi divorce De advantage allows both sides will not made under circumstances in impulse decision regret, in the face of reality, both objective and willingness to reconsider Ren will check Ziji, appreciate merits of each other 检讨 their own inadequacies and Zui Hou's choice is rational of. If the divorce trial process, and I find that their marriage has no love, asexual, benefit, and a situation can not be improved, then the test is to divorce his grace period, when you leave this marriage, you will allow that they have a peace of mind, gave up, give yourself a new choice. 　　Rational treatment of extramarital affair 　　Concept: Social rational approach to the extramarital affair to continue. 　　People's sense of responsibility of marriage comes from the more self-awareness, self-discipline, self-correction, rather than forced external pressure. It demands the quality of marriage and the emotional, demands the rights and enjoyment between husband and wife, have more freedom of choice and self-awareness. 　　In extramarital affairs as frequently as the era of rising prices, we have to learn to calm and mature our minds to bear to face, you know, an affair, the temptation is irresistible, but the house is a harbor of refuge. 　　Increased degree of freedom of marriage 　　Concept: Marriage is no longer a herd behavior, marriage is a personal choice after careful consideration, single not married, "DINK families" and other lifestyle choices may become diverse content. 　　"DINK" is the English Doubleincomeandnokids acronym DINK, which means double income, no children's family structure. Today DINK families are springing doubled, especially in Beijing, Shanghai city in this super. Recently, a short message caught my attention last year, the DINK couples in China has exceeded one million pairs. 　　Wedding Customs around the world 　　Early African American: Jumping the Broom in the times of slavery, black men and women are not allowed to formally marry and live together. For declaration of their love and marriage contract, a pair of black men and women and the drum beat jumped over a broom. (The broom has a variety of African long-term to be very important, because it means the couple started a family. In Southern Africa, the first day after the wedding, the bride to help her husband's other women sweeping the courtyard, that moved into their new home in, she would fulfill her husband's family to help with housework.) up to today, a number of African Americans in their wedding was held at this symbolic ceremony. 　　Armenia: Two white doves to signify love and happiness. The bride wore red silk, wearing paper wings decorated with feathers. It may be thrown coins. 　　Belgium: The bride may still embroider her name on the handkerchief, held the wedding day, carry it on. After the wedding handkerchief into frame and keep it until the next family bride marries. 　　Bermuda: Islanders top their tiered wedding cake, the top plug in a small saplings, newly married couples to plant the tree at home, so they can watch it grow, as their marriage grows. 　　Bohemia: The groom gives the bride a rosary, a prayer book, a series with three keys above the belt (to protect her virtue), a fur cap, a silver wedding ring. The bride gives the groom a colored silk with gold thread and sewing the shirts and wedding ring. Before the ceremony, the groomsman wraps the groom in the bride's cloak to keep evil spirits from creeping in and dividing their two hearts. 　　Caribbean: Barbados, Grenada and St. Lucia, with dried fruits and rum is especially rich cake is very common. The recipe, handed down from mother to daughter, and embellished by each. It is considered a "pound" cake, because making this cake flour, brown sugar, butter, glace cherries, raisins, plums, currants, plus a dozen eggs and flavorings. The dried fruits are soaked in rum and kept in a crock anywhere from two weeks to 6 months. 　　Croatia: Married female relatives remove the bride's veil, put on a scarf and apron, symbols of her new married status. Then by all the married women serenaded. After the wedding, all the guests walk three times around the well (symbolizing the Holy Trinity), and throw apples into it (symbolizing fertility). 　　Czech Republic: Friends would sneak into the bride's yard to plant a tree, and then use the ribbons and painted eggshells to decorate the tree. Legend said she would live as long as this tree. Brides wear a wreath of rosemary, an ancient custom of remembrance. The wreath is the eve of the wedding the bride's friends from the woven, it symbolizes wisdom, love and loyalty. 　　Egypt: In Egypt, by the groom's family, not the groom himself, to marry the bride. Many marriages are arranged. Zaffa, the wedding is, in fact, a parade full of music, drums, bagpipes, horns, belly dancers, and men carrying flaming swords. It announces that the marriage is about to begin. 　　England: Traditionally, the village of the bride and her wedding party always walk together to the church. A little girl strewing, blossoms along the bride's life on the road will also be covered with flowers. 　　Attached: Full Record History of Human Sex Marriage 　　3 million years ago 　　Ape period. Our Zuxian Gang just learned Goulv Zhao walk upright, they can not stroke the knee straight. Orangutan males and females of different exercise complete chaos, "Marriage" form (in fact they are no "marriage" concept, all also only for species survival and reproduction): polyandry, polygamy, specifically polygamy ... ... 　　3 million years ago -200 million years ago 　　Early Stone Age. In addition to ignorance of human hunting and escape, the interior is also prevalent in the tribal unrestrained sexual relations - each woman is every man, also belong to every man, every woman. This is the group marriage system. Children only know the mother, the "father" knew nothing about. Women to men has never been at that time will not require commitment or ask them responsible. 　　More than 100 million years ago 　　In the late Palaeolithic. The body's natural division of labor gradually realized that our ancestors, Laofushaoqi husband and old wife is not conducive to prenatal and postnatal care less. Hunting, gathering of the young people and perform household chores and baby care among the elderly had a very clear difference between efforts. Sexual division will be there to generational boundaries. Nearly 100 people entered the long years of "blood family" era - class generation marriage or generation line marriage. 　　Class generation in human history, marriage was the first form of social organization, which is the difference between humans and herds, we, as social animals, thus beginning a long history of civilization. 　　10 000 years ago 　　Late Stone Age, new advanced stage. Mankind is ready to use "against incest," the end of last ignorance. At that time, sexual intercourse between relatives led to the confusion of low infant survival rate, deformed children, and too many children the horrors of low-energy phenomena. Primitive relations between men and women have a more stringent definition. The gradual establishment of mother right, causing changes in the form of marriage. Marriage between the different tribes. Race outside the marriage system, so that more and more of our fine varieties, productivity is rising rapidly. 　　5000-6000 years ago 　　Humans began to form the dual marriage system. Monogamy model to "grab Marriage" way to start. Tribes in continental Europe, when a young man the help of friends get robbed or when Po was a girl, the girl would be considered the young man's wife. Conversely, if a woman was robbed husband absconded back, caught by another man, she became the latter's wife, the former husband will lose his rights. Gender relations, the first formed an exclusive group marriage disappeared. 　　Although as early as 10,000 years ago, the world's population will rise to 500 million or more, but compared to then, people, transport inconvenience Shi spouse's scope is very narrow, close relatives mating the probability is around 50%. 　　4000 years ago 　　Rule of 5 million years of human society is the complete overthrow of matriarchy, men to hold back the "great" victory revealed a terrible scene. Since then, her husband acquired authority at home, while his wife was derogatory, enslaved, turned into a tool for children of ethnic continuity. 　　3000 BC 　　The name of God, the world's first prostitute appeared in Babylonia. After millions of years, this role is still threatening the family and marriage. 　　1750 BC 　　When the king came to power in Hammurabi, a strange logic popular - girls must first be a woman when back bitch. Every girl becomes a woman, you must go to the house of God to her body to a stranger. She sat, until a man will be cast in her silver dress, and then with her lying, or she is not allowed to go home. This system each branch in Semitic (Babylonian, Phoenician, Syrian, etc.) the most popular, moved from the Mediterranean island nation in the Balkans, the Greek, Hebrew, Rome, Egypt and India are also pursuing this regulation. 　　5th century BC 　　Socrates for his famous philosophy and bitch wife, so "marry a good wife, you can be happy; marry a bad wife, you will become a philosopher." Marriage began to become a "problem" and plague us. 　　323 BC 　　Egyptian wives on their husbands have a lot of rights, for example, if the husband wants to marry a second wife, his first wife must pay a fine. Money and something to the relationship of marriage. 　　1st century BC 　　Roman dictator Julius Caesar legislation can be identified with any woman he finds intercourse as lawful. He _select_ed a woman a lot, including with him Lie Luoma "three-way" of Pompeii and Crassus wife. When Caesar met Cleopatra Cleopatra, the immediately fascinated by this monster, to help her win the throne. Both developed by Caesar polygamy become legal spouses and one son. Privilege to protect men more than the wife can come. Full of luxury and pleasure in this era, Christians and vigorously promote the moral and encourage couples in front of God, the sacred combination of - the church has become the arena of the Western world marriage. 　　3-4 century AD 　　Brahmin priests Vatsyayana, is considered an ascetic life-long abstinence, wrote one of India's most pornographic works - "Love Classic." Contemporary monk Jovian (Jovian) because the claim that marriage than single, in the year 385 to spread blasphemous heresy were expelled from the grounds of the Christian Church. However, 11 years later, the thrill of daring acts as a natural part of birth of St. Augustine been chosen as the Persian bishop of the diocese. Pleasure and marriage of multiple war attracted us bored. 　　5th century 　　Religious domination marriage. In the Roman Empire, almost all of the wedding must have the blessing of the clergy; a church in the sacrament of marriage. Until into the next century, the East Roman Emperor Justinian as a capital offense of adultery, divorce has become almost impossible. 　　6th century 　　Buddhists and Hindus in India trying to make the human body connected with the gods. Through sexual intercourse ritual, combined with human behavior has become a sacred religion. In England, the marriage between blood relatives was declared illegal. 　　600 AD to 1000 AD 　　1086 　　In Europe, the husband went out travel as often to his wife to wear iron chastity belt, according to research that is when the Crusades began. It was a blacksmith named to the Queen, the Kaiser made a chastity belt, like a child locked in the lower abdomen on the cage. 　　770 BC 　　See the provisions of the European Middle Ages: From then on, the widow can not sleep in bed, only sleep on the floor, and only one meal a day can not have meat, honey, wine and salt, can not wear red wearing green, make-up. Zhou dynasty. Chastity for women to start building the system. Chou later, a woman committed suicide, deformity to mutate into the United States and Germany. 　　List of Chinese women martyrs: 　　Tang Wei Ming and Qing era of Qin and Han Dynasty 　　The number of martyrs 7 1,935,291,223,838,688 2841 　　The laws of this table, "eating" since the Song Dynasty appetites, culminating in the Ming Dynasty. 　　-10 Century AD 8th century 　　Europe's Middle Ages, became the ruler of the bride to enjoy the privilege. Farmer married bride, bride to be for the Lord to enjoy the first night. The right to host first night of the original monks who are priests. People live in fear of virgin blood, so asked for people to help themselves "clearance." Monks, priests, landlords and other important, she has a "divine power"; and friends and bride sex, are the brave "died"; As for servants, Dalits to "Kai Bao", is that these lives are not worth much, luck does not matter. In addition, the groom must also be paid to feudal lords "marriage tax", or else the marriage will not be recognized by notary public can not be lord's permission. This habit was abolished until the 19th century. 　　The early 11th century 　　Ministry of Women's Purple Palace officials wrote the "Tale of Genji." This is also the first one of the greatest love stories, describes the elegant and licentious court of the Japanese marriage. 　　A large concentration of medieval Arab harem girls, across Europe, Asia and Africa the continent Oubo Si 3 dynasty founder 海欧雷沙德 back to the 5th generation of its harem concubine, 400; to the 18th generation of the number of monarch concubine, has grown to 3400. 　　11th century 　　Chinese philosophers began to interpret the ancient symbols of yin and yang complementary rather than contradictory - as women and men, resulting in the non-points circle known as "Tai Chi diagram." Chinese people from the Road and moral aspects of a theory for the marriage to find a woman to be virtuous, not jealous husband, three wives and four concubines permitted at home from the husband, husband's death from the child, widowhood can they win the arch. 　　11 -13 century century 　　11 century onwards and bards created a lot of praise knight of love poetry, and walk in all the palace, stirring up trouble everywhere. The first time a woman took the man's whip, they become the protagonist of the game of love and marriage. 　　12th century 　　Ailaiyanuo has become King Louis VII and Henry II's queen, in 5 children born to 3 Girls, 2 sons did the king of England, three daughters married other European monarchs, she known as the "grandmother of Europe." 　　"Europe's grandmother," the classic love France and England introduced the palace. Ailaiyanuo and her daughter had even established a "court of love", the award of what behavior is "justified" Love. Elegant _set_ of 31 principles of love. Romantic story of rage, then any other provinces into Paris, France, Knight can easily get a roster of Huadu lady, well documented with their address, personality, tastes and looks for the rural youth _select_ion. Love a noble woman of a trend. Women taught men how to "civilization, respect for women" habits. Her husband's mistress and wife of lover are tolerance and respect for each other. 　　13th century 　　Saints Makeximo martyrdom made: for the faithful to God, only abstinence is not enough to eradicate sexual desire. Then there are many followers brandished a knife from the house. Others go further, they believe that since the House is not real skill, and should go to war to sex. They got a number of beautiful women, live together, even embracing nude, study hard Liuxia Hui, to spiritually impotence. It is said that they succeeded. Marriage, in their view is shameful. 　　1252 　　20-year-old King otoka II of Bohemia married nearly 50 years, Margaret of Austria King, once the annexation of Austria, he would lift the marriage. In addition to property, territory, and no one expected what marriage can give each other. As the non-eldest son can not inherit property, to those frustrated youths began chasing the real estate heiress. Meat and potatoes of the wealthy widow becomes. Young guy who married an old widow with property, once the old widow died, young man (old man has become a bad) can marry the young girl, delicate flowers; the old man died, the girl changed long ago Aunt, she can marry a young man, and carry forward the second spring. This is a strange marriage of food pouch hung from belt. 　　1477 　　England Maji Li Bruce wrote the earliest documented a Valentine's card, hoping to make her future husband as "the happiest on earth Housewives" and do not care about her poor dowry. But over the years, the lack of dowry many women have to enter the monastery as nuns. 　　1492 　　Christian the marriage as "abject state", "lust of the means", that "marriage is a human weakness." 　　16th century 　　In the United States "enjoy the joy of life" 400 years before, India had the "Ananga Ranga". It is the Church of husband and wife are 32 kinds of positions for sexual intercourse by maintaining the vitality and happiness of marriage. Meanwhile, in Germany, the early Puritans to promote sexual behavior within marriage. Reformers Martin Luther that sexual desire is human nature, it is difficult to repression. Therefore, he persuaded a group of nuns from the monastery, and to help them find husbands. 　　The early 16th century 　　Henry VIII created the biggest trouble. He was a devout Catholic, in order to have a son to inherit the throne, he decided to divorce with Queen Catherine, but was rejected by the Holy See. Henry VIII break altogether with the Holy See announced the self-hill, you can create a religious divorce. 　　Protestant in virtually raised the status of women. As the Protestant idea, as early as 20 years in the 16th century, Britain's women gained the freedom of divorce; and to enable women from excessive toil, contraception and birth control has become a popular Protestant community are respected practice. 　　Henry VIII, in addition to "create" modern American foreign (the expulsion of his life and death of those diehards who refused to divorce by "Mayflower" was to the New World _set_ up the United States - today the world's highest divorce rate), he or modern the community's first divorced. His divorce is the real religious meaning from the complete cut off. This can never be divorced unshakable crashed. 　　1553 　　Bloody Mary ascended the throne. Henry VIII used up a lifetime effort, wanted a son to inherit the throne, he got his wish, but that weak that only had 6 years boy king died. Henry VIII was the first queen to kill the daughter of Mary took over the throne, as the first modern society, the victims of a divorce, she started a terrible revenge: to restore Catholic rule and all the medieval practice of Protestants started the brutal suppression, just three years, she was burnt to death in London and more than 300 people. There are still a lot of the disunited couple, "not to harm the child" is not grounds for divorce. 　　1558 　　1625 　　Puritan wives of the proposed Weilianguqi called partner as "husband", and certainly not to call them, "Honey, honey, honey, baby child, my favorite, a small duck, small Panzhu" category. 　　17th century 　　King Charles II's physician invented the condom. Its raw material is the lamb of the appendix. It was a sensation in the global event. Thanks to the invention of the physician received the title, the United Kingdom also earn substantial foreign exchange. The thin little thing, to the women to enjoy sex the most fundamental protection of a large-scale reduction of illegitimate children. 　　1725 　　齐亚科莫卡萨 Nova - born people lover, born in Venice. In his travels, the record of hundreds of his mistress (mostly married women), which can call on the name alone 116. Two centuries later, "lover" and "Dream Lover" is separate from the spirit of condemnation of married men and women derailed object. 　　1750 　　With the continuous increase in the unmarried condition, some New England town trying to ban "the same places," the habit of wearing clothes as long as both sides or the middle partition separated, dating, a couple can sleep together. To the end of the century feminist Mary Wollstonecraft in "for defending the rights of women," a book for the first time on the restrictive marriage to a powerful attack. 　　The late 18th century 　　Women in marriage have been able to stand, often delayed marriage until their raised enough dowry far. European workers are usually adjusted for a long engagement, during this period, 40% of the labor couples choose cohabitation before marriage, and even the unmarried - which in the upper class can not be imagined. Although the church is strictly prohibited, but this phenomenon can not stop to become a common phenomenon. 　　1848 　　"Communist Manifesto" was born, the article mentioned: the capitalist system, so that men and women of the eternal marriage sentimental veil. In fact, a lot of people will agree with representatives of the Chicago school of another similar assertion Becker: God's eye clinics and may apply to transactions. 　　December 1879 　　"A Doll's House" premiered at the Royal Theatre in Copenhagen. Play off a shock half-century of controversy. Debate to the fierce, the cartoonist and even the "new woman" wife and "brutally trampled" the theme of satirising the husband. Although Ibsen was already accustomed to bad reviews, but this time the voice of protest throughout Europe, he was surprised. Today, Nora has become synonymous with the awakening of women, whether she did or left reflected the female doll to human society, attempts to "full citizens" struggle. European countries have legislation on women who actually have the right to Nora of her husband to the bank loans, which 10 years ago, is simply an impossible thing. 　　1857 　　Napoleon III and the Government of Flaubert "Madame Bovary," a book publisher prosecution, accusing them of deliberately insult to morality. But a defense lawyer's eloquence, coupled with public awareness of the sympathy of Madame Bovary, Napoleon III eventually lost. "Pan" has achieved a brilliant victory. 　　August 1888 　　蒙娜凯尔德 in the "Westminster Review" published an article on marriage, a small revolution, the result detonated closed pot in the United Kingdom. Just less than two months, the newspaper received 27,000 letters. Since then, even the most stubborn conservative British novelist has finally given up getting married for the novel's "happy ending." Sex and marriage to expose the dark side of the novel became a popular element. 　　1870 　　The first wave hit the world of divorce. With divorce, the ubiquitous disco music 100 years before the lot of heated discussions, the feminist movement has aroused the woman seeking self-reliance and desire to get rid of an unhappy marriage. 1870 to 1900, the United States the divorce rate increased by 6 times. 　　April 30, 1895 　　Oscar Wilde homosexuals against their "indecent acts" in the trial said: "The name of this love, no one dared to mention this century. But it is an older man for a young man by the resulting very great feeling, like David and Jonathan, as the basis of Platonic philosophy, just like you from Michelangelo and Shakespeare's works found in the spirit. It is the profound spiritual love, both pure and flawless. " 　　Mid-19th century 　　1903 　　December 1, 1927 　　Chiang Kai-shek in Shanghai, Kunshan Road, King Lam Church Song Christian wedding ceremony at home, then went to the luxurious Majestic Hotel at the most traditional flavor of the wedding. Some statistics, Chiang, Soong married in Shanghai, spent several million dollars. Shanghai three English-language newspaper reported that: This is a prominent Chinese wedding ceremony. Shanghai newspaper headline: "China-US cooperation" (Chiang Kai-shek and Soong Mei) is point to understand the essence of this marriage.宋氏三姐妹 the State Incident housework, three women about the political situation in China half a century, they transformed the Chinese with the fate of marriage. 　　October 1931 　　Pu Yi and Wen Xiu divorce agreement was reached outside the court. Grounds for divorce 9 years of marriage for the two never actually have sex. This became breaking news, newspaper headline used the net is "concubine Revolution" and "unprecedented - Princess divorce fight with the emperor," and so on, and "divorced five conditions" in the last one: "by mutual agreement, the text people are not allowed to remarry after divorce embroidery. " 　　1944 　　Qian began writing "Fortress Besieged", works the main characters, life is very embarrassed, and marriage gradually become a farce. "Besieged City" became a classic moral of marriage: people want to go outside, people inside to come out. 　　August 8, 1950 　　Zhou Enlai and Deng Yingchao 25th wedding anniversary photo. The couple's love was seen as the perfect embodiment of Chinese traditional virtues. 　　1953 　　"Playboy" grand opening, encouraging men to "enjoy the happiness of women must be provided without having to involve feelings", of course, include a marriage. 　　1960 　　Britain there was an "exchange of sexual partners", the United States published the "Playboy" for a woman to provide a penis-shaped plastic vibrator pharmacies in major cities are placed in a prominent position on the window. Become a weapon of protest, hippies, rebels who have a call for "to love, not war" slogan. Themes must decisively break the marriage. 　　1965 　　Love dating show "The Dating Game" became a popular prime-time programming. In 1967, the U.S. Supreme Court to repeal all laws prohibiting interracial marriages. 　　China's "Cultural Revolution" in China during the climax of the second divorce, the number of divorces up to 180 million pairs. China's other two "divorce boom" are in the 20th century 50's and early 90's. 　　1970 　　Israel and the United States occurred in the social commune, a relationship between men and women gave birth to a child, but the kids do not know which man, they elected a committee to raise the child. Unfortunately, test results showed that Utopia: recognition of blood on the child's development is most important. Population growth and the survival of civilization again, requires monogamy. 　　The mid-1980s to the 1990s 　　The second wave of the world of divorce. Divorce rate in the United States rose to 50%, with this figure to predict that today half of married people out of marriage. 　　1996 　　China Taiwan famous TV program "very men and women" begin broadcasting. Site a match more than 500 pairs, with the ultimate conclusion with reasonable less than 40 pairs. Two years later, the Shanghai "Meet Saturday" on air, played more than 300 guests, gonna get married are not a pair; July 1998 Hunan TV "Rose," the official broadcast date, more than 300 male and female guests, the real Meet in hand, also 10, a few pairs. 　　1996 　　"Town & Country" magazine introduced the world's first theme of a wedding website. 　　May 1998 　　Anton's "absolute privacy - Oral Record feelings of Chinese people," published a best-seller. Chinese _set_ off anti-marriage trend.

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