曲以地域分，有南曲、北曲；以作用分，有散曲、剧曲。散曲无科白，剧曲有科白。所谓科白，即动作和宾白。散曲又大别为散套和小令。散套联合同宫调或管色相同之曲而成、首尾一韵；小令大多数为只曲，每首各自为韵。小令有以下四种：
一、寻常小令：指单阕之曲，为曲中至简者，与诗一首、词一阕相当。如黄钟节节高、贺圣朝。
二、摘调小令：指从套曲中摘出之曲调，有如词中之摘遍，所摘之调必是套中精粹者。如中原音韵作词十法所附定格四十首中之「雁儿落带得胜令」，题下注一「摘」字即是。
三、带过曲：即作者填一调毕，意犹未尽，再续拈一他调或二他调，而其间音律又适能衔接。北带北如正官脱布衫带小梁州，南吕骂玉郎带感皇恩、采茶歌，南带南如双调朝元歌带朝元令，南北兼带如南中吕红绣鞋带北红绣鞋。
四、集曲：即集合数调之美声而腔板可以衔接者次为一新曲，此南曲为盛。如仙吕九回肠乃集解三酲首至七、三学士首至合、急三鎗四至末而成。另一种集曲乃以一曲保留百尾而犯以他调，此亦南曲为盛，如仙吕二犯桂枝香乃合桂枝香首至四、四季花四至合、皂罗袍五至八、桂枝香九至末而成。（曾永义）
注:
词最初称为"曲词"或"曲子词"，是配音乐的。从配音乐这一点上说，它和乐府诗是同一类的文学体裁，也同样是来自民间文学。后来词也跟乐府一样，逐渐跟音乐分离了，成为诗的别体，所以有人把词称为"诗余"。文人的词深受律诗的影响，所以词中的律句特别多。
词是长短句，但是全篇的字数是有一定的。每句的平仄也是有一定的。
词大致可分三类：（1）小令；（2）中调；（3）长调。有人认为：五十八字以内为小令，五十九字至九十字为中调，九十一字以外为长调
Music based on the geographical points, there Nanqu, North Qu; to the role of points, with the crew, play music. Verse no branches white, play songs with subjects of white. The so-called subjects of white, that is, action and Spoken. Verse for the bulk of other _set_s of big and small make. Scattered _set_ of joint with the palace, the same color tone or pipe made music, inclusive of a rhyme; Xiao Ling mostly just the music, each song their own to rhyme. Xiao Ling has the following four:
First, ordinary small make: that a single tie down the music, the song in to Jane who, with the poem, the word for a tie down considerable. If Huangzhong steadily high, He Sheng Zhao.
Second, pick up the tune Xiao Ling: refers to the extracted from the Divertimento in tune, like the words in the Abstract and again that the Abstract of the tone is _set_ in the essence of who will. Authors such as Rhyme Ten cell 40 in the attached _set_ of "wild goose down with Triumph", title wager a "Summary" word that is.
Third, with over song: the tune of a complete filling enough, he adjourned to twist a tune or two he was transferred, and temperament during another fitness convergence. North with the North as being official off Bushan with small okrug, with a sense of mercy South Luzon curse Yuk, tea-picking songs, the South Korean won with the South, such as two-tone songs with korean made, such as South Africa and Hong Lu bring North and South and embroidered shoes red embroidered shoes with the North.
4, _set_ song: a collection of several notes that the beauty of voice and chamber board who can link a new song plays, this Nanqu to Sheng. If the ileum is nine cents Lu Ji Jie three alcoholic first seven, first to third degree together, four to the end of three shots made emergency. Another _set_ of songs are based on a reservation 100 and committed to his tune, also goes for the Sheng Nanqu, such as Lu 2 cents is guilty of co-Gui Gui Zhi Hong Hong's first four, spent four seasons together, soap Luo gown 5 eight, nine to the end of the Hong Gui made. (Tseng)
Note:
Word initially referred to as "lyrics" or "Ci" is with music. With music from this point that it is the same type of poetry and verse of literature, too, from the folk literature. Later, the same word also with verse, and gradually separated with music, a poetry of other bodies, so some people term as "Shi Yu." Scholars of popular verses of the word, so words in the legal sentence is particularly high.
Word is Long Short Sentence, but all chapters have a certain number of words is. The tone, each sentence is certain.
Words can be divided into roughly three categories: (1) Xiao Ling; (2) transfer; (3) long tones. Some people think: 50 character or less as Xiao Ling, 59 words in the notes for the nine cross, 90 word other than as a long tone
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