1. yǐ jì xù rén wù、 shì jiàn、 jǐng wù wéi zhù de sǎnwén， chēng wéi jì xù sǎnwén。
jì xù sǎnwén xù shì jiào wán zhěng， xiě rén rén wù xíng xiàng xiān míng， miáo xiě jǐng wù qīng zhù zuò zhě de qíng gǎn。 zhè lèi sǎnwén yǔ duǎn piān xiǎo shuō xiāng sì， dàn yòu yòu míng xiǎn de qū bié。 jiù xù shì 'ér yán， sǎnwén suǒ shù de shì jiàn bù yào qiú qíng jié wán zhěng， gèng bù zhuī qiú qū zhé biàn huà， ér xiǎo shuō duì xù shì de yào qiú yào jiào sǎnwén gāo dé duō； lìng wài， sǎnwén zài xù shì de shí hòu xū yào bǎo zhàn qíng gǎn， xiǎo shuō de qíng gǎn zé zhù yào yóu rén wù tǐ xiàn chū lái， bù xū zuò zhě míng què shū fā。 jiù xiě rén 'ér yán， xiǎo shuō yào qiú nǔ lì sù zào diǎn xíng rén wù xíng xiàng， diǎn xíng rén wù shì zuò zhě xū gòu chū lái de。 ér sǎnwén zhōng de rén wù zé shì zài zhēn rén zhēn shì de jī chǔ shàng， jìn xíng mǒu xiē jiǎn cái jiā gōng， zhù zhòng duì rén wù jìn xíng xiě yì shì de miáo huì。
gēn jù gāi lèi sǎnwén nèi róng de cè zhòng diǎn bù tóng， yòu kě jiāng tā qū fēn wéi jì shì sǎnwén hé xiě rén sàn wén。
piān zhòng yú jì shì de sǎnwén yǐ shì jiàn fā zhǎn wéi xiàn suǒ， piān zhòng duì shì jiàn de xù shù。 tā kě yǐ shì yī gè yòu tóu yòu wěi de gù shì， rú xǔ dì shān de《 luò huā shēng》， yě kě yǐ shì jǐ gè piàn duàn de jiǎn ji， rú lǔ xùn de《 cóng bǎi cǎo yuán dào sān wèi shū wū》。 zài xù shì zhōng qīng zhù zuò zhě zhēn zhì de gǎn qíng， zhè shì yǔ xiǎo shuō xù shì zuì xiǎn zhù de qū bié。
piān zhòng yú jì rén de sǎnwén， quán piān yǐ rén wù wéi zhōng xīn。 tā wǎng wǎng zhuā zhù rén wù de xìng gé tè zhēng zuò cū xiàn tiáo gòu lè， piān zhòng biǎo xiàn rén wù de jī běn qì zhì、 xìng gé hé jīng shén miàn mào， rú lǔ xùn《 téng yě xiān shēng》。 rén wù xíng xiàng shì fǒu zhēn shí shì tā yǔ xiǎo shuō de qū bié。
lìng wài， zhè lèi sǎnwén zhōng hái yòu yī zhǒng piān zhòng yú miáo xiě jǐng wù de yī lèi， zhè zhǒng sǎnwén miáo xiě yī dì de jǐng wù， chú yī xiē fēng tǔ zhì yǐ wài， zhù yào shì yóu jì xìng sǎnwén。 tā de nèi róng shí fēn guǎng fàn， shān chuān jǐng sè、 fēng sú mín qíng、 míng shèng gǔ jì dū shǔ jì yóu fàn wéi。 yóu jì sǎnwén zuì zhù yào de tè diǎn shì： zuò pǐn suǒ miáo xiě de jǐng wù bì xū wán quán zhēn shí， bù yǔn xǔ kuā shì hé xū gòu； dàn yòu bù shì zhàoxiàng shìde shí lù， ér shì zuò zhě róng qíng yú wù， dá dào qíng jǐng jiāo róng。
2. zhù yào yòng yǐ shū fā zuò zhě zhù guān qíng gǎn de sǎnwén jiào shū qíng sǎnwén。
fù yòu qíng gǎn shì suǒ yòu sǎnwén de gòng tóng tè zhēng， dàn yǔ qí tā sǎnwén xiāng bǐ， shū qíng sǎnwén qíng gǎn gèng qiáng xiǎng xiàng gèng fēng fù， yǔ yán gèng jù yòu shī yì。
shū qíng sǎnwén zhù yào yòng xiàng zhēng、 bǐxìng、 nǐ rén děng fāng fǎ， tōng guò duì wài zài xíng xiàng de miáo huì lái chuán dá zuò zhě de qíng sī， yīn cǐ jiè jǐng shū qíng hé tuō wù yán zhì shì zhè lèi sǎnwén zuì cháng yòng de shǒu fǎ。 ér zhí shū xiōng yì de fāng fǎ， zài wén zhāng zhōng kě yǐ chū xiàn， dàn tōng piān yòng cǐ yī fǎ zhě bìng bù duō jiàn。
tuō wù yán zhì shì sǎnwén， jí xiàng zhēng xìng sǎnwén， zuò zhě jiāng qíng gǎn róng yú mǒu gè jù yòu xiàng zhēng yì yì de jù tǐ shì wù， jiè zhù xiàng xíng lián xiǎng huò yì yùn lián xiǎng bǎ zhù guān qíng gǎn biǎo xiàn chū lái。 rú yáng shuò de duō shù sǎnwén， máo dùn de《 bái yáng lǐ zàn》 děng。
jiè jǐng shū qíng de sǎnwén， jiāng gǎn qíng yù yú jǐng wù zhī zhōng， fù jǐng wù yǐ shēng mìng， míng xiě jǐng， àn xiě qíng， zuò dào qíng jǐng jiāo róng， qíng jǐng xiāng shēng。 rú zhū zì qīng de《 hé táng yuè sè》、 liú bái yǔ de《 rì chū》 děng。
⒊ yì lùn xìng sǎnwén
yǐ fā biǎo yì lùn wéi zhù de sǎnwén chēng wéi yì lùn sǎnwén。
tā yǔ shū qíng sǎnwén yī yàng zhù zhòng qíng gǎn de shū fā， bù tóng de shì yì lùn sǎnwén zhòng yú lǐ zhì， shū qíng sǎnwén zhòng yú gǎn qíng。
tā yòu bù tóng yú yī bān de yì lùn wén， yòng shì shí hé luó ji lái shuō lǐ， ér zhù yào yòng wén xué xíng xiàng lái shuō huà， shì yī zhǒng wén yì xìng de yì lùn wén。
tā jì yòu shēng dòng de xíng xiàng， yòu yòu yán mì de luó ji； jì yào yǐ qíng dòng rén， yòu yào yǐ lǐ fú rén； róng xíng、 qíng、 lǐ yú yī lú， hé zhèng lùn yǔ wén yì yú yī tǐ。 lǔ xùn xiān shēng de zá wén、 táo zhù de《 sōng shù de fēng gé》 děngdōu shì diǎn xíng de yì lùn sǎnwén。
1. To narrative characters, events, scene-based prose, called narrative prose.
A more complete narrative prose narrative, write characters clear description of the emotional scene pour. Similar type of prose and short stories, but there are obvious differences. The narrative, the events described in prose does not require the full plot, much less the pursuit of twists and turns, while the novel demands of the narrative to be much higher than the prose; In addition, the time required in the narrative prose magic of emotion, the emotions in the novel mainly reflected by the figures do not need to explicitly express the author. To write, the novel demands to shape the image of the typical characters, typical character is the author of fiction. The prose in the figure is based on the true story, for some of the cutting process, focusing on the characters to depict impressionistic style.
According to the content of these essays focus is different it can be divided into notebook and write prose essays.
Emphasis on the prose notes of events as clues, emphasis on the events described. It is a story from beginning to end, such as Xu Shan's "Peanuts" is also a few pieces of clip, such as Lu Xun's "From Herbs to Sanweishuwu." Pour in the narrative of the feelings of sincere, this is the most significant narrative difference.
Emphasis on the mind's prose, the characters as the center of the whole article. It is often seize people's character traits as broad-brush outline, emphasizing the performance of the basic character qualities, personality and mental outlook, such as Lu Xun, "Fujino." Character is the real difference between it and the novel.
In addition, these essays there is a bias towards a class describing the scene, this essay describes the scene in one place, in addition to a number other than an endemic Chi, mainly travels prose. It has a very wide range of mountain landscapes, customs, monuments are considered the scope of Travel. Travel Prose main features are: works depicted scenes must be completely true, not allowed to hyperbole and fiction; but not the camera like a memoir, but the financial situation of the property, to the scenes.
2. Mainly to express the subjective feelings of the prose of lyrical prose called.
Full of emotion is a common feature of all the prose, but in comparison with other prose, lyrical prose to imagine a richer feeling stronger, more poetic language.
Lyrical prose is mainly used symbol, metaphor, personification and other methods, described by the external image to convey the author's feeling, emotion and trust, therefore, by King of statement is the most commonly used methods such prose. Willing to speak one's mind while the method may appear in the article, but throughout the use of this law are rare.
Chi-style prose the Things, that is symbolic prose, the author of emotional and into a symbolic concrete, with pictographic meaning Lenovo Lenovo or shown to the subjective feelings. If the majority of prose Yang Shuo, contradictory "White Poplar" and so on.
By King lyrical prose, the emotional scenes among resides, Fu scene to life, clearly describe the scenery, dark love to write, to do the scenes and scenarios with students. If Ziqing's "Lotus Pond", Liu Baiyu's "Sunrise" and so on.
⒊ argumentative essays
To make statements based prose as prose discussion.
Lyrical prose with the same emphasis on emotional expression, a different emphasis on the rational argumentative prose, lyrical prose is more important than feelings.
It is different from the arguments, arguments with facts and logic, but mainly to talk with a literary figure, is a theatrical nature of argumentation.
It has the vivid image, but also strict logic; both to move people, but also reasoning; financial shape, feeling, reason in a furnace, combined political commentary with art in one. Lu Xun's essay, Tao Zhu's "pine style", which are typical comments prose.
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