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阅读横沟正史 Yokomizo Seishi在小说之家的作品!!! |
经历
1902年生于神户市。父亲的故乡在冈山县。
1921年，在《新青年》杂志上发表处女作《恐ろしき四月马鹿》。
1924年，从大阪药学专门学校（现大阪大学药学部）毕业后，一度从事药剂师工作。后于1926年受到江户川乱步的邀请前往东京并加入了博文馆。1927年出任《新青年》的总编辑，之后在担任《文艺俱乐部》《侦探小说》等刊物总编辑的同时从事创作和翻译活动。1932年借停刊的机会退出博文馆成为职业作家。他在战前执笔的代表作《鬼火》《仓库》《蜡人》等，极富浓郁的耽美主义色彩。
但是，因为肺结核的恶化，作家前往信州养病并停止了创作。由于战争时期对侦探小说的严格限制，而作家又没有把握住当时的潮流，可以说是一段怀才不遇的时期。由于作家活动受到限制经济上也十分困难，病况一度恶化到本人也准备好要死的程度。战后由于治疗的药物价格急剧崩溃病况逐渐好转。
1945年4月之后，搬到了冈山县居住了三年。第二次世界大战结束后，作家借侦探小说可以自由发表之际，充分发挥自己才能。1946年他率先推出《本阵杀人事件》《蝴蝶杀人事件》两部纯解谜长篇推理小说，大大提升了日本推理小说水平，缩短与欧美的差距，从而改变了战前变格推理小说为主流的趋势（指不是以解谜为重点的推理小说）。1948年凭《本阵杀人事件》获得第一届日本侦探作家俱乐部奖（之后更名为日本推理作家协会奖）长篇部门奖。1957年以降，“变格推理小说”在术语上已甚少使用。
横沟氏的创作量惊人，如《狱门岛》《八墓村》《恶魔的手毯歌》等都是脍炙人口的杰作。其中《狱门岛》被公认为日本推理文学史上的经典名著。横构氏本人患有乘车恐惧症，举凡车、船、飞机都在避忌之列，万不得已必须外出应酬，则叫特约大轿车出门。
其战后推出的名作《本阵杀人事件》以名探金田一耕助为主角 ，获得压倒性成功。后来他便以金田一耕助为主角，撰写一系列解谜推理小说，数量多达八十多篇，其中长篇居半。金田一耕助遂成为日本推理小说史上三大名探之一。1968年，讲谈社的《周刊少年》发表了改编自《八墓村》的漫画连载（作画：影丸让也）。由此为契机而掀起了一股横沟正史的热潮。因为电影系列和电视系列的热播，即使是推理小说迷以外的人也知道金田一这个名字。
1981年12月28日病逝于寓所，享年七十九岁。
纪念
1980年开始由角川书店主持设立专门鼓励新人的长篇推理小说奖：横沟正史奖。
作品列表
夜半口哨声
兽人魔岛
幻影怪人
真珠郎
鬼火
蝴蝶杀人事件
本阵杀人事件
狱门岛
夜行
八墓村
犬神家一族
女王蜂
迷路的新娘
恶魔吹着笛子来
三首塔
恶魔的手毬歌
医院坡上吊之家
恶灵岛
女人的决斗
仮面舞踏会
恶魔的宠儿
吸血蛾
Early life
Yokomizo was born in Kobe city, Hyōgo Prefecture. He read detective stories as a boy and in 1921, while employed by the Daiichi Bank, published his first story in the popular magazine Shin Seinen ("New Youth"). He graduated from Osaka Pharmaceutical College (currently part of Osaka University) with a degree in pharmacy, and initially intended to take over his family's drug store even though sceptical of the contemporary ahistorical attitude towards drugs. However, drawn by his interest in literature, and the encouragement of Edogawa Rampo, he went to Tokyo instead, where he was hired by the Hakubunsha publishing company in 1926. He resigned in 1932 to devote his full time to writing.
Literary career
Yokomizo was attracted to the literary genre of historical fiction, especially that of the historical detective novel. In July 1934, while resting in the mountains of Nagano to recuperate from tuberculosis, he completed his first novel Onibi, which was published in 1935, although parts were immediately censored by the authorities. Undeterred, Yokomizo followed on his early success with a second novel Ninngyo Sashichi torimonocho (1938-1939). However, during World War II, he faced difficulties in getting his works published due to the wartime conditions, and was in severe economic difficulties. The lack of Streptomycin and other antibiotics also meant that his tuberculosis could not be properly treated, and he joked with friends that it was a race to see whether he would die of disease or of starvation.
However, soon after the end of World War II, his works received wide recognition and he developed an enormous fan following. He published many works via Kodansha's Weekly Shōnen Magazine in serialized form, concentrating only on popular mystery novels, based on the orthodox western detective story format, starting with Honjin Satsujin Jiken and Chōchō Satsujin Jinken (both in 1946). His works became the model for postwar Japanese mystery writing. He was also often called the "Japanese John Dickson Carr" after the writer whom he admired.
Yokomizo is most well-known for creating the private detective character Kosuke Kindaichi. Many of his works have been made into movies.
Yokomizo died of colon cancer in 1981. His grave is at the Seishun-en cemetery in Kawasaki, Kanagawa.
Legacy
The Yokomizo Seishi Prize is a literary award established in 1980 by the Kadokawa Shoten publishing company and the Tokyo Broadcasting System in honor of Yokomizo. It is awarded annually to a previously unpublished novel-length mystery. The winner receives a statuette of Kosuke Kindaichi and a cash award of 10 million yen. In addition, the winning story is published by Kadokawa Shoten and dramatized as a television movie by TBS.
Major work
"The Case of the Honjin Murder " (本陣殺人事件 Honjin satsujin jiken?, April 1946)
"Gokumon Island" (獄門島 Gokumontō?, January 1947 - October 1948)
"The Village of Eight Graves" (八つ墓村 Yatsuhakamura?, March 1949 - March 1951)
"Queen Bee " (女王蜂 Jo-o-batchi?, June 1951 – May 1952)
"The Inugami Clan" (犬神家の一族 Inugamike no Ichizoku?, January 1950 - May 1951) ISBN 4925080768, made into movies by Kon Ichikawa The Inugamis in 1976 and The Inugamis by Shunji Iwai in 2006.
"The Sleeping Bride" (睡れる花嫁 Nemureru Hanayome?, 1952) ISBN 4041304970.
The Devil Comes and Plays His Flute (悪魔が来りて笛を吹く Akuma ga kitarite fue o fuku?, 1951-1953)
Three Head Tower (三つ首塔 Mitsu-kubi Tō?, 1955)
Head (首 Kubi?, 1957) ISBN 4041304431