| jíguàn： | hú nán cháng shā | ||||||||||
yuèdòuhuáng rén yǔ Ray Huangzài历史大观dezuòpǐn!!! | |||||||||||
zǔ jí zhōng guó hú nán cháng shā， hòu rù měi guó guó jí， zhù míng lì shǐ xué jiā。
shēng píng
huáng rén yǔ yī jiǔ yī bā nián shēng yú hú nán cháng shā。 tiān jīn nán kāi dà xué yì yè ( yī jiǔ sān liù ～ yī jiǔ sān bā )， kàng zhàn qī jiān jí zhàn hòu， céng dān rèn guó jūn xià jí jūn guān shí nián； zì chéng dū zhōng yāng jūn guān xiào bì yè hòu ( yī jiǔ sì líng )， rèn lù jūn dì shí sì shī pái cháng jí dài lǐ lián cháng。 yī jiǔ sì sān nián jiā rù zhù yìn jūn， rèn xīn yī jūn shàng wèi cān móu。 yī jiǔ sì sì nián wǔ yuè céng zài miǎn diàn mì zhī nà fù shāng， shòu bān lù hǎi kōng jūn yī děng jiǎng zhāng。 kàng zhàn jié shù， rèn dì sān fāng miàn jí dōng běi bǎo 'ān sī lìng zhǎngguān sī lìng bù shàoxiào cān móu。 yī jiǔ sì liù nián cān jiā quán guó kǎo shì hòu， huò bǎo sòng rù měi guó lù jūn cān móu dà xué； bì yè ( yī jiǔ sì qī ) hòu céng rèn guó fáng bù cān móu。 yī jiǔ wǔ líng nián yǐ zhōng guó zhù rì dài biǎo tuán shàoxiào tuán yuán de shēn fèn tuì wǔ。 zài dù fù měi guó， yú mì xiē gēn dà xué gōng dú lì shǐ， huò bó shì xué wèi（ yī jiǔ liù sì）。 céng zài nán yī lì nuò dà xué rèn jiào， yī jiǔ liù bā～ yī jiǔ bā líng nián rèn niǔ yuē zhōu lì dà xué NewPaltz fēn xiào jiào shòu， yòu céng rèn gē lún bǐ yà dà xué fǎng wèn fù jiào shòu jí hā fó dà xué dōng yà yán jiū suǒ yán jiū yuán。 2000 nián 1 yuè 8 rì bìng shì yú niǔ yuē shàng zhōu de yī yuàn zhōng， xiǎng nián 82 suì。
xué shù
huáng rén yǔ xiān shēng shì shǐ xué jiè de yì shù， zhì xué yú hā fó xué pài hé jiàn qiáo xué pài zhī jiān。 tā de“ jiāng hóng guān jí fàng kuān shì yě zhè yī guān niàn dǎo yǐn dào zhōng guó lì shǐ yán jiū lǐ qù” cóng 'ér gāo zhān yuǎn zhǔ dì kǎo chá zhōng guó lì shǐ de“ dà lì shǐ” guān， zài shǐ xué jiè yǐng xiǎng shēn yuǎn。 tā de zuò pǐn zài bù shī shǐ jiā jǐn yán zhī jī běn yuán zé xià， tóng shí yòu néng ràng dà zhòng yuàn yì qù jiē shòu， shǐ dé liǎo jiě lì shǐ bù zài bèi shí wéi wèi tú、 bù zài shì jǐ gè lì shǐ xué jiā zhāi zhōng zhī wù。 àn xiàn dài dà shǐ jiā qián mù xiān shēng zhī bù zhī yī guó zhī shǐ zé bù pèi zuò yī guó zhī guó mín yǐ guān zhī， zé huáng rén yǔ xiān shēng zhī yù shù guó mín lì shǐ xìng gé gōng bù kě méi。 cóng lì shǐ guān diǎn hé zhù zuò fēng gé lái kàn， tā jì chéng liǎo qián mù xiān shēng de tè diǎn： zuò yī gè zhēn zhèng de píng mín xué zhě。
zhù yào zhù zuò
《 shí liù shì jì míng dài zhī cái zhèng yǔ shuì shōu》 ( yīng wén bǎn 1974/ zhōng wén bǎn sān lián 2001)
《 wàn lì shí wǔ nián》 ( yīng wén bǎn 1981/ zhōng wén bǎn zhōng huá shū jú 1982/ sān lián 1997)
《 fàng kuān lì shǐ de shì jiè》 (1988/ sān lián shū diàn 2001)
《 zhōng guó dà lì shǐ》 ( yīng wén 1988/ zhōng wén bǎn sān lián 1997)
《 hè xùn hé pàn tán zhōng guó lì shǐ》 (1989/ zhōng wén bǎn sān lián 1992)
《 dì běi tiān nán xù gǔ jīn》 (1991/ sān lián 2001)
《 zī běn zhù yì yǔ 'èr shí yī shì jì》 (1991/ sān lián 1997)
《 cóng dà lì shǐ de jiǎo dù dú jiǎng jiè shí rì jì》 (1993)
《 jìn dài zhōng guó de lì chéng》 (1994)
《 guān xì qiān wàn zhòng》 (1998/ sān lián 2001)
《 huáng hé qīng shān： huáng rén yǔ huí yì lù》 ( tái wān lián jīng chū bǎn gōng sī 2001)
céng cān yǔ《 míng dài míng rén chuán》 jí《 jiàn qiáo zhōng guó shǐ》 de biān xiě。
huáng xiān shēng de《 wàn lì shí wǔ nián》 yī shū shòu dào guǎng fàn hǎo píng。《 hè xùn hé pàn tán zhōng guó lì shǐ》 zhōng《 kǒng zǐ yǔ mèng zǐ》 yī wén rù xuǎn gāo zhōng yǔ wén kè běn。
píng jià
huáng rén yǔ（ 1918 nián héng héng 2000 nián） sì hū zhù dìng liǎo shì yī gè chōng mǎn chuán qí sè cǎi de rén： tā zì shí sì、 wǔ suì qǐ jiù kāi shǐ xiàng dāng dì bào zhǐ tóu gǎo， xiě zuò rè chén zì cǐ cóng wèi jiànduàn， dāng shí de《 hú nán rì bào》 fù kān， lián xù dēngzǎi tā xiě de shì jiè míng rén zhuànjì， měi piān dōuyòu tā zì jǐ shǒu miáo de rén wù huà xiàng； 18 suì kǎo shàng tiān jīn nán kāi dà xué； kàng zhàn kāi shǐ， tā tóu bǐ cóng róng； zhàn hòu fù jí měi guó， yǐ 34 suì de“ gāo líng” cóng dà xué sān nián jí dú qǐ， xiān niàn xīn wén xì， hòu zhuǎn zhì lì shǐ xì， 1954 nián dà xué bì yè， qí hòu yòu zài gāi xiào jì xù shàng yán jiū suǒ， fēn bié yú 1957 nián hé 1964 nián huò dé shuò shì hé bó shì xué wèi； yīn duō nián méi yòu xīn zhù wèn shì， zài 62 suì shí bèi niǔ yuē zhōu lì dà xué niǔ pǔ cí fēn xiào cóng zhèng jiào shòu de zhí wèi shàng jiě pìn。 jù yòu xì jù xìng xiào guǒ de shì， zài tā bèi jiě pìn hòu de dì 'èr nián， tā de lǚ lǚ pèng bì de《 wàn lì shí wǔ nián》 yóu yé lǔ dà xué chū bǎn shè yìn xíng， bìng yóu dāng shí měi guó míng zuò jiā 'è bǔ dài kè（ JohnUpdike） zài NewYorker zá zhì zhuàn xiě shū píng tuī jiàn， 1982 hé 1983 nián gāi shū huò dé měi guó guó jiā shū juàn jiǎng（ AmericanBookAwards） lì shǐ lèi hǎo shū liǎng cì tí míng。 yì nián《 wàn lì shí wǔ nián》 zhōng wén bǎn zài běi jīng chū bǎn …… cóng cǐ huáng rén yǔ de zhù zuò yī bù jiē yī bù dì chū bǎn， jīhū měi běn dū shòu dào rè liè zhuī pěng， zuò pǐn pǔ biàn shòu dào zhù mù， cóng zǎo qī de yīng wén lùn zhù， dào hòu qī de zhōng wén lùn zhù， dōuyòu bù shǎo xué zhě zhuàn xiě shū píng píng jiè， yǐ zhì yī shí " huáng shū zǒu hóng "， yòu rén kāi shǐ chóu bàn " huáng xué yán jiū huì "， bìng shēn qǐng chuàng bàn《 huáng xué yán jiū》 xué shù cóng kān。 nán guài yòu rén gǎn tàn zài 'èr shí shì jì zuì hòu shí yú nián jiān， yī míng huá yì lì shǐ xué jiā、 měi guó de tuì xiū jiào shòu， jìng chéng wéi shǐ xué jiè zài zhōng guó dà lù yǐng xiǎng zuì dà、 míng shēng zuì zhù de yī rén， yě zhēn suàn shì yī gè " yì shù "。
ér huáng rén yǔ de sǐ， yě tóng yàng jù yòu chuán qí sè cǎi héng héng 2000 nián 1 yuè 8 rì tā zài kàn diàn yǐng shí xīn zàng bìng fā cí shì， ér zài qù diàn yǐng yuàn de lù shàng， tā hé fū rén tán huà de zhù tí jiù shì shēn hòu shì。 huáng rén yǔ hán xiào duì fū rén gé 'ěr shuō：“ lǎo nián rén shēn shàng yòu zhè me duō de bìng tòng， zuì hǎo shì pāo qì qūqiào， lí kāi chén shì。”
zhòng suǒ zhōu zhī， huáng rén yǔ de dú zhě qún jīhū hán gài gè lèi zhí yè， yóu yǐ shòu guò gāo děng jiào yù de fēi lì shǐ zhuān yè zhě wéi zhù。 rán 'ér yòu qù de shì， yòu rén yě bù mǎi tā de zhàng， shèn zhì shuō huáng rén yǔ“ shì lì shǐ xué jiè de qióng yáo”” zhèng rú gěng lì qún xiān shēng zài《 huáng rén yǔ yán jiū zī liào mù lù》 yī wén zhǐ chū de： huáng rén yǔ zài xué shù jiè què shì huǐ yù cān bàn， bāo biǎn hù jiàn， wèi néng huò dé yī zhì de kěn dìng， lì shǐ xué zhě huò hàn xué jiā cháng zhì yí qí bàn lù chū jiā， xué shù zhù zuò bù gòu yán jǐn； zhòu rán chǔlǐ shù bǎi nián、 shàng qiān nián de dà lì shǐ jià gòu， zǒng ràng lì shǐ xué zhě jué dé guò yú mào xiǎn， jiāng lì shǐ jiě shì jiǎn dān huà。
zài cǐ， biān zhě jiāng hǎi xiá liǎng 'àn xué jiè nèi wài píng lùn huáng rén yǔ xiān shēng de yī xiē yán lùn zhěng lǐ chū lái， ràng dú zhě néng duō cè miàn、 duō céng cì dì qù liǎo jiě tā。
jīn rì zài shì de lì shǐ xué jiā， dà gài méi yòu yī gè rén zài jìn rù xué yuàn dà qiáng qián jī lěi yòu nà yàng shēn hòu de dǐ céng jīng lì， yě méi yòu yī gè rén néng yuán yǐn zhè xiē jīng lì wéi zī yuán， zài dà qiáng nèi bié kāi shēng miàn， chuàng huò nà yàng duō 'ér qiě dú tè de xué shù chéng guǒ。
tā（ zhǐ huáng rén yǔ） shì zài zhōng guó chū liǎo míng de lì shǐ xué jiā dāng zhōng， wéi yī yī gè jìn dà xué yǐ qián yòu guò màn cháng de， fēi xué yuàn shēng yá、 dǐ céng shēng yá de rén shì。 ér zài jìn liǎo dà xué yǐ hòu， tā méi yòu bǎ jìn dà xué yǐ qián de jì yì zuò wéi bāo fú， ér shì zuò wéi cái fù， diǎn shí chéng jīn， tā de《 wǒ de dà lì shǐ guān》， tā de《 zhōng guó zhù yào wèn tí rú hé shí xiàn zài shù zì huà shàng de guǎn lǐ》 děng děng， hé tā kàng zhàn de shí hòu zuò guò bù bīng cān móu， zài yún nán nà zhǒng zhàng qì mì bù de cóng lín lǐ zuò zhàn， qīn yǎn jiàn zhōng guó de xī bù shì rú hé de huāng pì， rú hé de luò hòu， hé běi jīng、 shàng hǎi zhè xiē yán hǎi gū dǎo de xiàn dài huà jù diǎn chā jù yòu duō dà de zhè xiē jīng lì dōuyòu guān xì。 hòu lái tā bǎ zhè xiē jīng lì dài dào liǎo tā de jiàn qiáo shēng yá、 yé lǔ shēng yá、 hā fó shēng yá、 diǎn shí chéng jīn， tā cái néng xiě chū《 wàn lì shí wǔ nián》、《 hè xùn hé pàn tán lì shǐ》、《 wǒ de dà lì shǐ guān》 yǐ jí zhè běn gāng gāng chū bǎn de《 huáng hé qīng shān》。
héng héng zhū xué qín
nà bù bèi rén hěn chēng zàn， zhì jīn zài yà mǎ xùn wǎng shàng shū diàn hái liè wéi pǔ tōng dú zhě píng dìng wéi " wǔ xīng jí " de huáng rén yǔ《 wàn lì shí wǔ nián》， qí shí yīng wén
héng héng gé zhào guāng《 xù sī xiǎng shǐ de xiě fǎ》
zài shǐ xué jiā men dié dié bù xiū zhēng yì zhè suàn bù suàn xué shù zhù zuò de shí hòu， dú zhě què zuò liǎo zì jǐ de xuǎn zé， ér qiě bù shì wén huà céng cì dī de， shì zuò jiā。 rú guǒ duì lì shǐ yòu xīng qù de wén huà jīng yīng dōubù chuí qīng guó nèi de shǐ xué zhù zuò， nà zhè xiē zhù zuò yòu gěi shuí kàn ?
“ huáng rén yǔ xiàn xiàng” shí jì shàng shì duì shǐ xué jiè de jǐng shì， xué shù yán jiū yīnggāi zǒu chū xiá xiǎo tiān dì， cóng miàn xiàng shàng céng hé shǎo shù jīng yīng dào miàn xiàng fēi zhuān yè huà de dú zhě， shí xiàn wéi shè huì fú wù gōng néng de zhuǎn huà。
héng héng liú zhì qín《 huáng rén yǔ xiàn xiàng》
" dà lì shǐ " guān de tí chū zhě、 qián bù jiǔ gāng gāng qù shì de huáng rén yǔ xiān shēng kāi chuàng liǎo yī zhǒng xīn xíng de lì shǐ suí bǐ， yòng qīng xīn jùn lǎng de wén zì bǎ jǐn yán de xué shí hé bó tōng de shǐ guān róng yú yī lú， suì shǐ xué shù zhù zuò dùn chéng dà zhòng de jīng shén měi shí。 huáng xiān shēng kāi piān shuō： " wàn lì shí wǔ nián shí wéi píng píng dàn dàn de yī nián。 " wéi qí rú cǐ， cái bù shì yè yú 'àihào zhě zhuān zhù yú " dà shì " de liè qí yǎn guāng， fāng néng tòu guò kàn sì píng jìng de lì shǐ hǎi miàn， tàn xún chuán tǒng wén huà de dà lù jià rú hé tū jiàng wéi hǎi chuáng， biàn xī lì shǐ jié bō rú hé qǐ yú qīng píng zhī mò。
héng héng zhuāng zhōu《 qí rén wù lùn》
zhèng yīn wèiyòu zhè zhǒng jī jí de tài dù， suǒ yǐ， jìn guǎn zuò zhě de sī suǒ lěng jùn， xù shù cán kù de lì shǐ shì jiàn yě bù dòng shēng sè， dàn tā de jī běn guān diǎn shì lè guān de。 bù guò， tā de lè guān， shì lì shǐ xué jiā de lè guān， bù shì wén rén de lè guān。 wén rén kàn lì shǐ， wǎng wǎng huá rù yú qiáo xián huà：“ gǔ jīn duō shǎo shì， dū rù xiào tán zhōng。” jīn rì de wén yì yú lè zuò pǐn， yǐ“ xiào tán” lì shǐ wéi shàng， zhèng shì wén rén de lì shǐ guān yǔ xiāo fèi shí dài de jià jiē。 huáng rén yǔ xiān shēng xiě lì shǐ yòng wén xué bǐ mò， dàn tā réng shì yán sù de tán lì shǐ。
zuì zhí dé shēn sī de， shì zuò zhě chún cuì yǐ“ sī rén xué zhě” de shēn fèn niǎo kàn lì shǐ， bù shì zài wéi mǒu gè tuán tǐ“ zuò xiàng mù”。 tā dāng rán yòu shí dài de yǎn guāng， yòu suǒ wéi 'ér fā； tā yě bù xiě tōng shǐ， zhǐ yòng xiǎn wēi jìng fēn xī lì shǐ de pōu miàn， yòu jī dì róng hé liǎo zhèng shǐ hé yě shǐ， dú huáng xiān shēng de shū， wǒ zài cì què xìn： zài xué shù lǐng yù， gè rén de shēng yīn bìng bù wēi ruò！
héng héng wèi jiàn mín《 dú 〈 guān xì qiān wàn zhòng 〉》
cháng yán dào：“ tā shān zhī shí， kě yǐ gōng yù”， huáng shì zài měi guó lì shǐ xué jiè yī zhí yù yù bù dé zhì， qí dài biǎo zuò《 wàn lì shí wǔ nián》 chū bǎn shí hái pō fèi zhōu zhé， yǐ zhì tā zài wǎn nián de《 huí yì lù》 zhōng hái duì cǐ shì fèn fèn bù píng， kě shuí céng xiǎng dào， zhèng shì zhè běn shū zài zǔ guó dà lù shāo qǐ liǎo yī piàn“ yě huǒ”。
hěn xiǎn rán， huáng shì zuò pǐn zhī suǒ yǐ néng xùn sù fēngmǐ dà lù dú shū jiè， ér qiě 'èr shí jǐ nián lái cháng shèng bù shuāi， jiū qí yuán yīn， yǔ qí wén bǐ fēng gé yòu mìqiè guān xì。…… tā kāi chuàng liǎo yī zhǒng xīn xíng de lì shǐ suí bǐ， yòng qīng xīn jùn lǎng de wén zì bǎ jǐn yán de xué shí hé bó tōng de shǐ guān róng yú yī lú， suì shǐ xué shù zhù zuò dùn chéng dà zhòng de jīng shén měi shí。 yòu rén shuō， huáng rén yǔ de wén bǐ yòu yī zhǒng“ kǎ fū kǎ shì de mó lì”， zhè zhǒng mó lì biǎo xiàn wéi xù shì shí tè yòu de lěng jìng、 kè zhì hé jīng què。
héng héng kuàng hǎi yán《 shǐ xué de“ xià lǐ bā rén qū xiàn” héng héng cóng huáng rén yǔ dào yì zhōng tiān》
huáng xiān shēng de zhù shù， yǐ《 wàn lì shí wǔ nián》 chéng jiù zuì dà。 gāi shū dǎ pò liǎo xué shù yǔ tōng sú de fēn jiè， yǐ shēng dòng zhī bǐ yǎn yì shēn kè zhī lǐ， zì lǐ xíng jiān chōng mǎn liǎo wēi yán dà yì， yǐ chāo rán dú dào de yǎn guāng， diǎn yǎ xiǎo chàng de shǒu bǐ， yóu xiǎo jiàn dà， wéi zhōng guó lì shǐ de yán jiū hé xiě zuò kāipì liǎo yī kuài xīn tiān dì。…… huáng xiān shēng de shǐ xué chéng jiù， bù zài yú duì jù tǐ shǐ shí de kǎo dìng， yě bù zài yú tā suǒ chàng dǎo de“ dà lì shǐ guān” yòu duō dà de xiào lì， ér zài yú tā duì zhōng guó shǐ shí、 shèn zhì shì sī kōng jiàn guàn de shǐ shí suǒ zuò de shēn kè、 xīn yíng de pōu xī hé jiě shì。 huáng xiān shēng shì dāng dài zhōng guó xué zhě zhōng， hǎn jiàn de jù yòu jiàn wēi zhī zhù、 róng huì guàn tōng de jià yù shǐ liào néng lì de“ tōng shǐ” zhī cái。 tā duì zhōng guó de lì shǐ jìn chéng suǒ zuò de dú dào sī kǎo， yǐ jīng yǐng xiǎng liǎo bìng jiāng jì xù yǐng xiǎng xǔ duō zhōng guó xué rén。
héng héng fāng zhōu zǐ《 dào niàn huáng rén yǔ xiān shēng》
（ huáng rén yǔ de） shū de hǎo chǔzhī yī shì gěi rén yī zhǒng“ lì shǐ qièshēn gǎn”。 zhè gāi shì shǐ shū dú jù de mèi lì bā， rú guǒ chōu diào jù tǐ de、 gǎn xìng de dōng xī， lì shǐ jiāng biàn chéng kě yí de gài niàn hé fú hào， ér rén men zhī suǒ yǐ dú shǐ， kě bù shì wèile tīng yī duī jiào tiáo。
héng héng hè zhào tián（ shè kē yuàn wén xué suǒ）
kǎo chá huáng rén yǔ de zhì shǐ fāng fǎ， bù nán fā xiàn，“ cóng jì shù de jiǎo dù kàn lì shǐ， ér bù shì cóng dào dé de jiǎo dù jiǎn tǎo lì shǐ”， zhè yī diǎn jiǒng yì yú yǐ rú jiā chuán tǒng wéi zhōng xīn de zhèng shǐ guān。 ér zhòng guī nà、 zhòng zōng hé、 shì tú cóng cháng shí duàn kàn lì shǐ de yán jiū fēng gé yě bù tóng yú měi guó hàn xué jiè zhù liú de“ xiǎn wēi jìng” yǎn guāng， dǎo shì shēn dé fǎ guó nián jiàn xué pài de yíng yǎng。
shì shí shàng， huáng rén yǔ de dú zhě qún jīhū hán gài gè lèi zhí yè， yóu yǐ shòu guò gāo děng jiào yù de fēi lì shǐ zhuān yè zhě wéi zhù。 rú guǒ bù cóng zhí yè 'ér yóu xīn xìng huàfēn de huà， wǒ men bù fáng jiè yòng běi dà lì shǐ xì jiào shòu yán bù kè bó shì xián tán jiān de yī zhǒng shuō fǎ： wú fēi liǎng zhǒng。 yī zhǒng shì běn lái jiù 'àihào lì shǐ de rén， jiù xiàng yòu rén 'àihào wǔ xiá、 yòu rén 'àihào zá wén； lìng yī zhǒng shì zhì zhě xíng de rén， tā men fēn bù zài shè huì de gè gè céng miàn。
héng héng wú sī、 gān qí《“ huáng rén yǔ xuán fēng” fēng qǐ hé chù？》
《 wàn lì shí wǔ nián》 zài qīng nián xué rén hé xiāng guān xué jiè suǒ shòu huān yíng chéng dù， yào yuǎn bǐ zài lì shǐ xué jiè gāo dé duō， zhè shuō míng lì shǐ xué jiè yǔ xiāng guān xué kē jí shè huì yòu hěn dà de gé mó。…… huáng xiān shēng de chéng jiù zài yú， tā què shǐ rén men zhù yì dào tōng cháng shuō fǎ de lìng yī miàn。
héng héng zhào shì yú《 wú kě tì dài de huáng rén yǔ》
huáng rén yǔ de shū bìng bù shì yī bān de lì shǐ zhù zuò， yě bù zhǐ shì gěi xué zhě zhuān jiā xiě de， ér shì xiě gěi dà duō shù zhōng guó rén kàn de， shí dài gǎn tè bié qiáng， yīn 'ér néng yǐn qǐ rén men de gòng míng， zài zhōng guó de zhī shí fènzǐ hé gǎi gé zhě zhōng， yě yōng yòu zuì duō de dú zhě。
huáng rén yǔ de jīng yàn bù dàn yòu zhōng guó de， yě yòu xī fāng de（ rú tā duì jiè dài jīng yíng jīn róng zī běn yī tào zhī liǎo jiě， zài dà lù shǐ xué jiè wú rén kě jí）； zài xué shù shàng yě shì rú cǐ。 huàn liǎo bié rén， nián qīng shí ná qiānggǎn zǐ huò wò chú bǎ zǐ de jīng lì， yòu yǔ tā yǐ hòu de zhuān yè hé gān？ huáng rén zì què jīhū yī diǎn yī dī dōuméi yòu“ làng fèi”， suǒ yǐ tā de zhù zuò dú lái， ràng rén bù jìn xīn xiàng wǎng zhī kě yǐ shuō， huáng rén yǔ shì shí dài de chǎn wù， tā tōng guò zì jǐ de zhuān yè hé lì shǐ zhī shí， bǎ gè tǐ de rén shēng fā huī dào liǎo jí zhì， tóng shí wèiwǒ men liú xià yī dà bǐ jīng shén cái fù。 jīn hòu wǒ men zhǐ yòu bù duàn dì huí wèi tā de jiào huì， bìng duì tā zhuī yì。
héng héng gāo wáng líng《 huáng rén yǔ fàng kuān shǐ xué de shì jiè》
huáng rén yǔ bǎ zhōng guó lì shǐ cóng 1587 nián jí wàn lì shí wǔ nián héng qiē liǎo yī dāo， zhè bù jǐn shǐ tā huò dé liǎo quán xīn de guān chá jiǎo dù， yě shǐ tā huò dé liǎo quán xīn de wén zì gǎn jué。
héng héng lǐ fāng《 gěi pǔ tōng huà xiě zuò diǎn xué》
lǐ 'áo、 wāng róng zǔ hé zuò chū liǎo yī běn píng jià jiǎng jiè shí de shū， shū zhōng yòu yī jù guān yú huáng xiān shēng de shū de jiè shào， dà yì shì qián guó mín dǎng xià jí jūn guān huáng rén yǔ xiě liǎo yī běn guān yú jiǎng jiè shí de shū， wéi jiǎng jiè shí biàn hù。 dàn dàn yī jù huà， jiù jiāng huáng xiān shēng de gōng zhèng zhì yú bù kě xìn de jìng dì。 zhè zhǒng shào xīng shī yé de bǐ fǎ suī rán hěn dú， bù zhí dé tí chàng， dàn què diǎn chū liǎo wèn tí de shí zhì。
héng héng liú wěi《 lì shǐ xū yào jiǎng jiè shí má？》
nián qīng de huáng rén yǔ zài kàng rì qián xiàn kǒng pà hái méi yòu xiǎng guò jiāng lái yào yán jiū lì shǐ， dàn tā zuò wéi shǐ jiā de qián zhì zài zhè xiē zhàn dì tōng xùn zhōng yǐ liú lù chū lái， tā de yè yú xiě zuò dāng shí bèi dì yī liú de dà bào《 dà gōng bào》 kàn zhōng， bù shì méi yòu yuán yīn de。 tā bù jǐn yòu xì zhì de guān chá lì， ér qiě yòu fēng fù de yǔ yán biǎo dá néng lì， jí shǐ zài wàn fēn jǐn zhāng dāng zhōng yě néng dàng kāi yī bǐ、 cóng róng zhuómò。
héng héng fù guó yǒng《 huáng rén yǔ zài chǎng de lì shǐ jì lù》
zài wǒ de piàn duàn yìn xiàng zhōng， huáng rén yǔ shì yī gè bǎo liú zhe jiù jūn rén bù liáng xí qì de xìng qíng zhōng rén héng héng héng jìn guǎn tā zài shǐ xué shàng yòu bù shǎo jiàn shù…… huáng rén yǔ duì jiǎng jiè shí de yán jiū hé píng jià， què yòu shī yī gè lì shǐ xué jiā suǒ yìng jù yòu de lì qiú kè guān、 yǐ shì shí shuō huà de jī běn lì chǎng。…… běn wén wú yì zài cǐ shēng tǎo jiǎng jiè shí de zuì guò， zhǐ zài shuō míng zài duì dài jiǎng jiè shí wèn tí shàng， huáng rén yǔ díquè shī zhī piān pō， yòu shī yī gè lì shǐ xué jiā de jī běn fēng gé。
lì shǐ jìn tuì， huáng rén yǔ zì yòu xīn dé； huáng rén yǔ de dé shī， yě zì yòu hòu rén píng shuō。
héng héng wáng chūn yú《 suǒ yì huáng rén yǔ》
jiù shì zài zhè yàng de dà huǐ dà yù zhōng， huáng xiān shēng de xué shù chūn tiān càn làn dēng lín。 yī gè jiǎn dān de luó ji shì： huǐ yù yuè dà， shū de xiāo lù yuè hǎo。
yī bān shuō lái， xué zhě tōng cháng bù dà huì chéng wéi gōng zhòng rén wù， chú fēi tā men yòu bié yàng de jī yuán。 bǐ rú bié kāi shēng miàn， bǐ rú bié jù yī gé， bǐ rú bié chū xīn cái， bǐ rú bié shù yī zhì。 ér huáng rén yǔ de gōng zhòng huà， biàn zhèng zài yú tā tóng shí kòu zhù liǎo wén huà yǔ shì chǎng de mài bó bìng jiè liǎo huǐ yù cān bàn de chū chǎng fāng shì 'ér“ gǎo diān”。 xiāng duì jiào shēn hòu de wén huà dǐ yùn、 xiāng duì jiào zhā shí 'ér fú hé shì chǎng biāo zhǔn de liàng xiāng fāng shì、 xiāng duì qiáng dà de chuán bō jī zhì、 xiāng duì lái shuō zài gōng zhòng céng miàn shàng xǐ wén lè jiàn 'ér zài piào yǒu hé zhuān jiā céng miàn shàng chōng mǎn zhēng yì de huà yǔ mén jìng， zhè sì gè tiáo jiàn tóng shí jù bèi xià de mǒu zhǒng jī yuán， kě néng chéng wéi wén huà rén jìn rù gōng zhòng shì yě de mó bǎn。 cì dì qiān lián zhì jīn tiān de yú qiū yǔ、 yì zhōng tiān、 yú dān men， mò bù rú shì。
huáng xiān shēng duì zhōng guó lì shǐ de xué shù gòng xiàn kě néng bù zú yú ràng qí chéng wéi xué jiè pǔ biàn rèn kě de dà shī， kě tā de xìng gé hé chuàng zuò zhuàng tài zé zú yǐ shǐ qí zài wài guó dú zhě、 fēi zhuān yè dú zhě、 mí liàn yú kě dú xìng hé xīn qí xìng de dú zhě zhōng chǎn shēng yuǎn shèng yú zhuān jiā men de zhèn hàn lì、 yǐng xiǎng lì hé bù dào xiào guǒ。 zài shǐ xué tóng xíng zhōng tā gèng xiàng yī gè zuò jiā， zài zhuī qiú gù shì hé shǐ píng de dú zhě qún zhōng tā zé gèng xiàng yī gè sī xiǎng zhě。 wú lùn shì zhuān yè rén shì hái shì lì shǐ 'àihào zhě dōukě yǐ qīng chǔ dì gǎn shòu dào tā de yī xiē sì hū yán zhòng bù chéng shú de guān niàn， kě tóng yàng shì zhè qún rén yòu bù dé bù jīng yì yú tā de jù dà shì chǎng。 yī gè ràng zhuān jiā men xiàn mù yòu chǒng dà de dú zhě qún、 ràng dú zhě men qīn pèi yòu zú gòu jiàn shí de rén wù， nán guài huì zài màn tiān de huǐ yù zhōng chéng wéi yī gè xīn xué kē de yán jiū duì xiàng： nà gè xīn xué kē jiào zuò“ huáng xué”， ér nà gè xué kē de shū bèi xì chēng wéi“ huáng shū”。
lüè xián fú zào de xìn xī shí dài de dào lái hū huàn zhe yī zhǒng jì yòu“ bǎn dèng zuò dé shí nián lěng， wén zhāng bù xiě bàn jù kōng” de bǎo xué zhī qì yòu néng yíng hé dú zhě、 yǐ zú gòu“ hǎo kàn” de gōngjǐ chuàng zào dú zhě xū yào de rén。 dú zhě men qī dài xīn qí、 xīn zhī hé xīn yíng de zhī shí de gè xiàng yào qiú， wǎng wǎng bù shì cóng nà xiē jí zhuān yè、 jí gāo shēn de zhuān jiā men shēn shàng huò dé de héng héng tā men de chuàng xīn yòu shí zhǐ shì hé zài yī gè hěn xiǎo de juàn zǐ nèi liú tōng zài zé bù shì hé guǎng dà de sǎnmàn dú yǒu。 yú shì， yī xiē xué shù néng lì bìng bù shì chāo qián dàn què jù yòu chāo qiáng de guī nà néng lì、 zōng hé néng lì、 xué shù chéng guǒ tōng sú huà běn lǐng、 chāo qiáng de wén zì qīn hé lì de“ zuò jiā”， biàn chéng wéi zhōng xià céng、 fēi zhuān yè、 àihào xíng dú zhě men de shǒu xuǎn。 huáng rén yǔ jiù shì zhè yàng de rén。
suī rán miǎn bù qù“ bù lún bù lèi” de yìn xiàng， huáng rén yǔ yǐ jiù shì yī gè bù kě duō dé de wén huà rén wù。
héng héng bǐ gōng《 huáng rén yǔ： yī gè“ bù lún bù lèi” de lì shǐ xué jiā》
《 wàn lì shí wǔ nián》 de zǒu hóng hái yòu shēn céng de yuán yīn， nà jiù shì huáng rén yǔ suǒ wèi de“ dà lì shǐ guān” zài fā huī zuò yòng。 tā shí zài shì yī gè chún cuì de xué shù wèn tí， shù shí nián jiān zài shǐ xué jiè xiān qǐ zhèn zhèn bō lán； dàn shì tā néng zài dāng xià xiān qǐ dà zhòng yuè dú de kuáng cháo， nà jiù bù dé bù pèi fú huáng xiān shēng de cái zhì yǔ dǎn shí liǎo。 dú tā de shū， zài“ qiǎn yuè dú” de céng miàn shàng， wǒ yě cháng cháng jī dòng bù yǐ。 wǒ hǎo shuō huáng xiān shēng shì“ sān fǎn fènzǐ”， qí yī shì“ fǎn dào dé”， tā rèn wéi zhōng guó shī bài yǔ luò hòu de jié zhèng zhèng shì“ dào dé zhì guó”； yóu qí shì yòng dào dé dài tì jì shù yǔ fǎ lǜ， nà shì hěn wēi xiǎn de shì qíng。 tā rèn wéi， yīngdāng zuì dà chéng duódì jiāng dào dé pái chú chū lì shǐ tǎo lùn de fàn chóu， zài kàn dài lì shǐ shí， yīngdāng kǎo lǜ dāng shì rén néng zěn me zuò， ér bù shì yīnggāi zěn me zuò， dào dé píng pàn bìng fēi shǐ jiā de zé rèn。 qí 'èr shì“ fǎn xìng shàn”， huáng rén yǔ jiè wàn lì huáng dì de“ zuǐ” zhǐ chū， réndōu yī yàng， yī shēn 'ér jiān yīn、 yáng liǎngchóng xìng。 jì yòu dào dé lún lǐ de“ yáng”， jiù yòu sī xīn tān“ yīn”， zhè zhǒng“ yīn” yě jué fēi rén shì jiān de lì liàng suǒ néng jiā yǐ xiāo miè。 qí sān shì“ fǎn lì shǐ”， huáng rén yǔ jì rán yòu liǎo“ dà lì shǐ guān” de wǔ qì， jiù yào píng pàn yǐ wǎng de“ xiǎo lì shǐ”。 tā tí chàng zài lì shǐ de qí jú shàng， yīngdāng cóng zòng shēn qù kàn wèn tí， yī pǐ mǎ bèi chē chī diào， zhí jiē yuán yīn， huò xǔ shì yīn wéi tā bèi bié zhù liǎo tuǐ； rán 'ér mǎ zhī suǒ yǐ bèi chē chī diào， nǎi shì cóng qí jú kāi shǐ shuāng fāng duì yì zhī zōng hé jiēguǒ。 nǐ bù jué dé zhè zhǒng“ bǎ yī qièshì jiàn de fā shēng， jūn nà rù lì shǐ de cháo liú” de zuò fǎ， sì hū dài zhe yī xiē lì shǐ jué dìng lùn de hén jì má？
héng héng yú xiǎo qún《 huáng rén yǔ： ràng yóu zǐ de gū hún， qiān zhe qīn rén de yī jīn guī lái》
huáng rén yǔ de shǐ guān shí wéi shèng zhě wéi wáng de shǐ guān， wán quán yǐ jìn dài de“ dà jié jú” zuò wéi pàn duàn guò qù lì shǐ zhèng què yǔ fǒu de gēn jù： zài jìn dài chéng gōng de wén míng， jiù zhèng míng qí gǔ dài lì shǐ shì hé lǐ de、 zhèng què de； zài jìn dài shī bài de wén míng， jiù zhèng míng qí gǔ dài lì shǐ shì huāng miù de、 cuò wù de。
《 shí liù shì jì míng dài zhōng guó zhī cái zhèng yǔ shuì shōu》 zì yòu zhuān yè jià zhí，《 wàn lì shí wǔ nián》 de xiě fǎ chuàng xīn yě bù róng mǒ shā， dàn qí tā zhù zuò suǒ lùn duì xiàng suī yì， què jīhū dōushì dà lì shǐ guān zhù jiǎo， jú bù huò yòu suǒ jiàn， dà tǐ réng shǔ bù jīng， zhēn zhèng de shǐ xué jià zhí shèn wēi。 huáng zhù zuì dà de yì yì， wǒ yǐ wéi zài yú gěi dú shǐ zhě（ yóu qí shì chū xué zhě） tí gōng yī zhǒng yì hū xún cháng de lì shǐ gǎn， qí lì shǐ bǐ jiào chū rù gǔ jīn、 dǎ tōng zhōng wài， bìng róng rù gè rén de lì shǐ jīng yàn， shí zú yǐ yǐn rén rù shèng， cóng cǐ jiǎo dù 'ér yán， kě yǐ shuō tā shì lì shǐ xué de yú qiū yǔ。 bù guò yú shì zhǐ shì sǎnwén zuò jiā， qí cuò wù duō shǔ jú bù de shǐ shí fāng miàn， ér huáng shì què yǐ shǐ xué jiā de shēn fèn chū tái， qí cuò wù yòu shǔ zǒng tǐ de shǐ guān fāng miàn， yīn cǐ cái bù néng yǐ wén xué jiā biāo zhǔn jiāng tā qīng qīng fàng guò。
cóng chún xué shù de jiǎo dù， tā duì lì shǐ xué jí xiāng guān shè huì kē xué de zhī shí zhǔn bèi réng jiào qiàn quē， duì lì shǐ de tǐ rèn wǎng wǎng xiān rù wéi zhù， qí shǐ xué shí yòu yán zhòng qiàn quē， tā bùwèi měi guó zhù liú xué jiè jiē nà yì kě yǐ shuō shì chū yòu yīn。 jù shuō tái wān shǐ jiè duì tā yě bìng bù rèn tóng， dà lù duì tā fú fàn de sòng yáng suī duō， dàn sì duō chū zì yī bān dú shū jiè 'ér fēi zhuān yè shǐ xué jiè（ jù wǒ suǒ jiàn， zhǐ yòu xú yǒu yú、 zhū xué qín xiān shēng xiě guò jiào shēn rù de pī píng wén zì）。 wǒ yòu yī diǎn huái yí， huáng shì zhù zuò de liú xíng， shì bù shì yě yīn wéi tā de lì shǐ mùdì lùn tí gōng liǎo yī zhǒng tián bǔ lì shǐ jué dìng lùn（ lì shǐ wéi wù zhù yì） kòngquē de xué shù tì dài pǐn？ dà jiā shì duō me xū yào yī zhǒng fán shìdōu kě jiě shì de huá lì lì shǐ guān 'ā。
héng héng hú wén huī（ hú yī dāo）《 jú bù huò yòu suǒ jiàn， dà tǐ réng shǔ bù jīng héng héng huáng rén yǔ dà lì shǐ guān pī pàn》
tā yǐ xù shì shǐ xué de shǒu fǎ， zài xué yuàn de lì shǐ shū xiě zhù liú zhī wài， wèiwǒ men pū chén liǎo yī tiáo tàn jiū lì shǐ de kě néng dào lù， ér zhè yě shì dāng qián zhōng wén lì shǐ shū xiě lǐ zuì wéi qiàn quē de。
zhè bù zhù zuò de zhù yào tè sè zhī yī zài yú， tōng guò shū zhōng zhè lèi wéi miào wéi xiào de gòu lè， huáng shì wéi dú zhě chuàng zào liǎo yī gè xū nǐ de“ lì shǐ xiàn chǎng”， ràng dú zhě hǎo sì zhí jiē mù jī shì qíng fā shēng de guò chéng， qiě yòu dé yǐ kuī jiàn zhè xiē lì shǐ rén wù de nèi xīn shì jiè； zhè zhǒng lè qù tōng cháng shì yuè dú xiǎo shuō shí cái huì huò dé de。 yīng wén bǎn《 wàn lì shí wǔ nián》 de liǎng zé fēng dǐ shū píng， pō zhí wán wèi。 yī shì DavidLattimore de kàn fǎ， tā rèn wéi gāi shū“ bù fán 'ér yòu fù yòu sī xiǎng。…… huái zhe shī rén huò xiǎo shuō jiā de xǐ yuè， jiāng xún cháng de mò duān xiǎo jié zhuǎn biàn wéi jiē shì qí yì yì shǎn xiàn de guān diǎn xǐ yuè， jiāng xún cháng de mò duān xiǎo jié zhuǎn biàn wéi jiē shì qí yì yì shǎn xiàn de guān diǎn。” lìng yī zé shì měi guó zhù míng xiǎo shuō jiā JohnUpdike de píng lùn， tā zhǐ chū：” jìn guǎn shēn fù lì shǐ xué shí， rán 'ér《 wàn lì shí wǔ nián》 què yě jù bèi zhe kǎ fū kǎ（ Kafka） de yōu měi 'ér yòu lìng rén dùn cuò zhī gù shì《 zhōng guó wàn lǐ cháng chéng zhù chéng zhī shí》（ TheGreatWallofChina） de chāo xiàn shí de xū gòu tè zhì。”
huáng shì shì bǎ fēn xī de gōng zuò fàng zài yī gè xù shì de jià gòu lǐ， ér qiě zài gè rén jiàn jiě yǔ wén zì biǎo shù、 xù shì yǔ fēn xī zhī jiān， bìng méi yòu rèn hé de duàn liè。 yí hàn de shì， zài dà bù fēn de zhí yè shǐ jiā de zuò pǐn lǐ（ zhōng wén shì jiè yóu rán）， zhè lèi duàn liè de xiàn xiàng jí qí míng xiǎn， yīn wéi duō shù de lì shǐ xué zhě yǐ bù zài“ shuō gù shì” liǎo。
héng héng（ tái wān） jiāng zhèng kuān《 lì shǐ、 xū gòu yǔ xù shì lùn shù： lùn huáng rén yǔ de < wàn lì shí wǔ nián >》
huáng rén yǔ xiān shēng zì bì liǎo yī tào míng zhī yuē“ dà lì shǐ”（ Macro-History） de shǐ guān pài shǐ xué， zài bā nián dài hòu bàn qī de tái wān shǐ xué jiè tóu xià yī kuài jù shí， jī dàng chū zhèn zhèn huí xiǎng。
huò xǔ， chēng hū xiān shēng wéi chuàng zuò jiā， yào yǔn dāng dé duō。 tā bù zài hū lǐ lùn tǐ xì shì fǒu zhōu mì， bù zài hū qiǎn cí yòng zì shì fǒu wéi tóng chái suǒ rèn kě， tā zhēn zhèng zhì lì de， shì lǐ niàn yǔ xiǎng fǎ de pǔ jí chuán bù。 zài shēng mìng jīng yàn de cān zuǒ xià， yǔn xǔ dú zhě yǐ zuì qiǎn bái zhí jiē de yǐng xiàng， qù zhǎng wò zī běn zhù yì zuì jīng cuì de nèi hán， rán hòu huí dào 'èr shí shì jì qián bàn yè de zhōng guó shǐ zhōng， zhèng chéng bāo hán zuò zhě běn rén zài nèi de jí tǐ jì yì。 shuí shuō xiān shēng bù shì yī míng yán jǐn de shǐ xué jiā ﹖ duì xiān shēng lái shuō， zǒu chū xiàng yá tǎ， jìn rù rén qún， jiāng bàn shēng de sī kǎo yǔ tóng tā yī qǐ zǒu guò nà gè shí dài de rén gòng xiǎng， cái shì tā zuì zhōng xīn yuàn。 tā hé bì zài hū xué shù jiè duì tā de píng jià﹖ zuò wéi yī míng guǎng yì de chuàng zuò zhě， tā zài shì jì mò de tái wān yòu guò de yǐng xiǎng lì， yuǎn yuǎn chāo chū xǔ duō yán jǐn shǐ xué jiā men de xiǎng xiàng zhī wài。
héng héng（ tái wān） lǐ fú zhōng《 huáng rén yǔ hé tā de dà lì shǐ》
xì yì běn duàn wén zì de mài luò， huáng xiān shēng suǒ wèi de“ zhēn zhī zhuó jiàn”， bìng bù zhǐ xiàn yú tā chàng yì de“ dà lì shǐ guān” yǔ“ shù mù zì guǎn lǐ” gài niàn， ér shì duì suǒ yòu shǐ xué yán jiū zhě de yī zhǒng gāo dù qī xǔ。 rán 'ér， zhè duàn wén zì zuì lìng wǒ yìn xiàng shēn kè de， réng shì huáng xiān shēng fù yú shǐ xué“ jīng shì zhì yòng” de guān huái yǔ yōu xīn：“ wǒ men ruò zài yóu yí， zé yǐ hòu suǒ zhù shū， kǒng pà quán méi yòu rén kàn liǎo”。
jiǎn tǎo zhè duàn lì shǐ， huáng xiān shēng duō cì qiáng diào， yào tiào tuō rén wù zāng fǒu yǔ píng jià de“ dào dé” céng miàn， ér“ cóng jì shù shàng de jiǎo dù kàn lì shǐ”。 zhì cǐ，“ shù mù zì guǎn lǐ” yǔ“ dà lì shǐ guān” yě jiù chéng wéi huáng xiān shēng shǐ xué jīng huá de yī tǐ zhī liǎng miàn。
héng héng（ tái wān） qiū péng shēng《 shěn shì míng qīng zhōng guó shì chǎng yǔ zhèng fǔ guān xì de yǎn biàn》
huáng rén yǔ dà lì shǐ de jiǎo dù guān zhào xià， lì shǐ shàng fēi shì jiàn xìng de yīn sù shòu dào zhòng shì。 xiāng xíng zhī xià， lì shǐ shàng de rén， jūn bù miǎn biàn chéng liǎo mǒu zhǒng chéng dù de cháng rén。
shèn zhì wǒ men kě yǐ shuō， zài lǐ wèi 'áng de xiǎo shuō lǐ， bèi jǐng cái shì zhùjué。
héng héng（ tái wān） zhāng huì jīng《 dāng xiǎo shuō chéng liǎo qīng míng shàng hé tú ── lì shǐ xué jiā huáng rén yǔ yǔ xiǎo shuō jiā lǐ wèi 'áng》
huáng rén yǔ de gù shì jiǎng dé yuè jīng cǎi， lì shǐ de fěng cì wèi jiù yuè nóng。 fǎn zhī， chuán tǒng zǔ zhì yuè shì zhì mìng， huáng rén yǔ jiù huò dé yuè duō de kōng jiān， yuè néng jīng xì kè huà zhè xiē rén wù de tè zhì yǔ cháng chù； ér dú zhě yě yuè néng lǐng lüè zhōng guó shè huì de jí tǐ bēi jù jīng yàn。 nǔ lì、 dào dé、 tiān cái dōubèi mìng yùn， yě jiù shì xiàn dài huà shè huì de quē xí suǒ cháo nòng。 zài zhōng guó chuán tǒng shè huì lǐ， chī rén de bù shì lǔ xùn suǒ shuō de lǐ jiào， ér shì guǎn lǐ néng lì。
qīng mò de zhōng tǐ xī yòng shuō shì wéi“ xī huà” lùn qǐ liǎo gè zhāng běn， ér huáng rén yǔ de xī tǐ zhōng yòng shuō， zé shì xiàn dài huà lùn yǔ lì shǐ mùdì lùn xià de tiáohé zhī shuō。
héng héng（ tái wān） chén zhèng guó《 dāng dōng fāng yù jiàn xī fāng： huáng rén yǔ de xiàn dài huà lùn shù yǔ xī fāng lì shǐ》
duì yú huáng rén yǔ 'ér yán，“ dà lì shǐ” shì de tàn tǎo， zuì hòu shèn zhì yǐ jīng jiē jìn liǎo shén xué de lǐng yù：“ dà fán jiāng rén lèi lì shǐ cóng cháng shí jiān yuǎn shì jiè de lì chǎng jiǎn tǎo， bù qī 'ér rán huì zài sīliáng xiǎng xiàng zhī zhōng jiē jìn shén xué de lǐng yù”
héng héng（ tái wān） liú jì lún《“ dà lì shǐ” xià de gè rén》
xiān shēng de“ shàn yì” dú píng zé chēng qí“ yòu shí wèi miǎn zuò liǎo tài guò yìn xiàng huà de gài kuò， dú lái jìng xiàng shì yī gè wài guó rén zài miáo xiě zhōng guó， bù guò， zhè zhǒng xiě fǎ yě shǐ dé huáng xiān shēng de wén xué hé xù shù yòu yī zhǒng yì yú chuán tǒng tōng shǐ jiào kē shū de xīn xiān gǎn”。 yǔ dú zhě men jīng cháng gǎn jué dào de“ dà lì shǐ” nà yàng， wáng xiān shēng shuō huáng shū“ yǐ wèn tí wéi gāng lǐng qiē qǔ zhōng guó lì shǐ”
héng héng（ tái wān） wáng fán sēn
“ wǒ dú huáng xiān shēng shū， zhé wéi qí quē fá zhōng guó sī xiǎng、 wén xué、 yì shù děng zhī cháng shí suǒ jīng”，“ huáng xiān shēng de shǐ xué hé shǐ shí shì gēn běn bù néng shè rù rèn hé guān yú zhé xué yǔ wén xué lǐng yù zhōng de”，“ jì jǐn zhǐ cǐ， biàn yù zòng lùn shàng xià gǔ jīn， kě hū？”
héng héng（ tái wān） gōng péng chéng jiào shòu
Life
Huang was born in 1918 in Changsha, Hunan. Graduated from Nankai University in Tianjin (1936 ~ 1938), War and the post-war period, junior officers have worried Ren Guojun years; from Chengdu Central Military Academy graduate (1940), Marshall became the 14th platoon leader and deputy division commander. In 1943 joined the army stationed in India to the new captain of a military staff. May 1944 Myitkyina in Myanmar, was wounded by the first prize award of the Armed Forces Chapter. End of the war, the security of any third side and the commander of the Northeast Command, Major General Staff. In 1946 to participate in the national examination, be sent into the U.S. Army and General Staff College; graduate (1947) Ministry of Defence after the former chief of staff. In 1950 the Chinese Mission to the Chinese members of the identity of ex-Major. Again to the United States, studying history at the University of Michigan, Ph.D. (1964). Southern Illinois University, has taught, 1968 ~ 1980 appointed professor of New York State University NewPaltz campus, but also served as Visiting Associate Professor at Columbia University and Harvard University researcher at the Institute of East Asia. January 8, 2000 died at a hospital in upstate New York in the age of 82.
Academic
Major work
"Sixteenth-century Ming Dynasty on the financial and taxation" (1974 English / Chinese triple 2001)
"Wanli 15 years" (English 1981 / Chinese Zhonghua 1982 / triple 1997)
"Relax the horizon of history" (1988 / Joint Publishing 2001)
"China History" (1988, English / Chinese triple 1997)
"Hudson River on the history of China" (1989 / Chinese triple 1992)
"Syria south to north-day Ancient and Modern" (1991 / triple 2001)
"Capitalism and the twenty-first century" (1991 / triple 1997)
"From the perspective of great historical reading of Chiang Kai-shek Diaries" (1993)
"Modern Chinese History" (1994)
"Relations must re" (1998 / triple 2001)
"The Yellow River, Castle Peak: Huang Memoirs" (Taiwan, Linking Publishing Company 2001)
Participated in "nominee Biography" and "Cambridge History of China" in preparation.
Mr Wong's "Wanli 15 years," a book widely praised. "Hudson River of Chinese history", "Confucius and Mencius," the article selected for high school language textbooks.
Evaluate
Huang (1918 - 2000) seemed destined to be a legendary: he from the 14, the age of five began contributor to the local newspaper, write passion never stopped since then, "Hunan Daily" supplement continuously published in the world he has written celebrity biographies, each has his own hand-drawn character portraits; 18-year-old was admitted to Nankai University in Tianjin; war began, he Pen for the Sword; war stay in the United States, 34-year-old "old age" from third year of Reading, the first to study journalism department, later transferred to the Department of History, graduated in 1954, and later in the school to continue to graduate, respectively, in 1957 and received master's and doctoral degrees in 1964; for many years no new the advent of the age of 62 by New York State University, Professor Niu Puzi campus positions from being fired. Dramatic effect, in the second after he was dismissed, his repeated failures, "Wanli fifteen years" by Yale University Press published by when the U.S. writer Ebo Dyke (John Updike) at New Yorker magazine to write book reviews recommendation, in 1982 and 1983 the book received the National Book Award (American BookAwards) twice nominated for History books. The following year, "Wanli 15 years" published in Beijing, the Chinese version of Huang's work...... from a pick one to publish, are subject to almost every hot pursuit of this, work in general by the attention, from the early English treatise, to the Chinese of the late, many scholars have written book reviews Review, which temporarily "yellow book became popular," people began to organize the "yellow Research Society", and for founding the "yellow Studies" Academic Series. No wonder some people lamented in the last ten years of the twentieth century, a Chinese American historian and retired professor of the United States, historians have become the greatest influence in China, most famous one-man reputation, but also really be a "different number."
And Huang's death, also has the legendary Color - January 8, 2000 when he suffered a heart attack in the movies died on the way in to the cinema, he and his wife, the topic of conversation is the funeral. Huang smile on Mrs. Younger said: "The older people have so many ailments, it is best discarded body, left the earth."
As we all know, Huang readers covering almost all kinds of occupations, especially highly educated professionals, most of whom are not historical. Interestingly, however, is that some people do not buy his account, even said Huang, "is the Historians Qiong Yao" "As Mr. Geng Liqun," Huang of data directory "points out that: the Huang has been mixed in the academic community, Opinion has, certainly not be the same, historians or scholar often questioned their mid-life switch is not stringent enough academic work; suddenly dealing with hundreds, thousands of great history, architecture, history scholars think it is too general to take risks, to simplify interpretation of history.
In this, the cross-strait academic editors will comment on Mr. Huang Renyu external sort out some of the comments, so readers can have more side, multi-level to get to know him.
Today, living historians, was probably not a person to enter college in the accumulation of a large wall as the bottom of a deep experience, and no one could invoke these experiences as a resource, a large wall in the new to be as much innovation and unique academic achievements.
- Zhu Xueqin
That department was very much praised, so far as the Amazon online bookstore also assessed the average reader as a "five star" Ray Huang, "Wanli 15 years", in fact, English is called "1587A Year of No Significance", meaning " In 1587, a year of no significance ", though I have a different view on this book, but the name Jiyu's a historical concept, I really agree.
- Leaving "continued the drafting history of ideas"
Historians have endlessly controversial regarded academic works this time, readers have made their choice, and not a low cultural level, a writer. If you are interested in the cultural history of the elite is not favored domestic historical works, then who gave these books to see?
"Ray Huang phenomenon" is actually a history of academic warning, academic research should be out of the narrow world, from the upper face and a few elite-oriented non-specialized readers to realize the transformation of social services.
- Liu Zhiqin "Huang phenomenon"
"Great history" concept author, shortly before the death of Mr. Huang Renyu just created a new historical essay, with fresh handsome words to precisely in Broadcom's history knowledge and melt in the furnace of tension, the academic work becomes a the public spirit of the cuisine. Huang opening said: "The Wanli 15 years actually nothing exciting year." Influenced by this, not the amateur to focus on "big issue" Searching for a vision, can only through the history of the sea appears calm, inquiring culture the continental shelf to plunge to the seabed, analysis how historical calamities, the end of play on the Qingping.
- Zhuang "Let's figure of"
Because there is such a positive attitude, so, despite the author's thought cold and cruel historical events described are quietly, but his basic view is optimistic. However, his optimism, is a historian's optimism, not the author's optimism. Scholars look at history, often slip into fishing Qiao gossip: "How many things past and present, are into jokes." Literary entertainment today works to "joke" of history as yet, is the author's history of graft and consumption times. Mr. Huang Renyu literature ink used to write history, but he remains a serious talk about history.
Most worthy of careful consideration, is the author of a purely "private scholar" status bird's eye view of history, not as a group "to do the project." He certainly has the eyes of the times, there is the hair; he did not write general history, with only microscopic analysis of the history section, organic blend of official history and unofficial history, reading Mr. Huang's book, I was reassured: the academic, personal the voice is not weak!
- Wei Jian-Min "Reading" relationship must re> "
As the saying goes: "Stones from other hills may serve to polish jade," Huang scholars in American history has been dismal unsuccessful, his masterpiece, "Wanli 15 years" published Shihai struggle to find, even in his old age "memoirs" are also indignant on the matter, but who would have thought that this book is the one on the mainland Shaoqi, "Wild Fire."
Clearly, Wong is able to work quickly swept the continent to study circles, and the enduring twenty years, The reason is closely related to their writing style....... He created a new historical essay, handsome with a fresh text to careful and precise knowledge and Broadcom's history are melted in a furnace of tension, the academic work becomes a public spirit of the cuisine. It is said that Huang's pen has a "Kafka-like magic," when this magic show is unique narrative calm, restraint and precision.
- Mr Kwong Hoi-yan, "History of the" low class curve "- from Huang to Yi Zhongtian"
- Fang "mourn Mr. Huang Renyu"
(Huang's) One of the advantages of giving the book a "vital sense of history." This is the history books of the unique charm of it, if deprived of the concrete, sensuous things, history will become suspicious of the concepts and symbols, and why people read history, not in order to listen to a bunch of dogma.
- He Zhaotian (by the Academy of Social Sciences Literature)
Huang's method of study of History, not difficult to find, "from a technical point of view of history, not from a moral point of view the review history," This is quite different from the Confucian tradition as the center of the history. The re-induction, re-integrated, long time trying to look at the history of style is also different from the mainstream of American Sinology, "microscope" view, it touches won the French Annales school of nutrition.
In fact, Huang's readers, covering almost all kinds of occupations, especially highly educated professionals, most of whom are not historical. If not from the occupation by the cardiac division, we might borrow a history professor at Peking University Yan step Sadik, a chat room saying: no more than two. One is already history-loving people, just as it was martial arts-loving, people loving essay; the other is the wise man type of people who found in all levels of society.
- Richard Wu, Qi Gan, "" Ray Huang Cyclone, "the wind from where? "
"Wanli 15 years" in the youth school and the popularity of the scholars related to much higher than in the history of academia, which shows the history and related disciplines and the academic community has a great divide....... Huang's achievement is that he really draws attention to the other side often say.
- The studies of "irreplaceable Ray Huang"
Huang's book is not an ordinary in the history books, not just to scholars and experts to write, but for writers, most Chinese people read, the sense of the times particularly strong, was able resonates, and the reformers in China's Zhishifenzi, also has the largest number of readers.
Huang's experience in not only China, but also the West (such as lending his understanding of operating a financial capital, no one in China and historians); in academic as well. For the others, young, holding the gun or grip hoe handle the experience, but also with his future professional ware? Huang did not bit by bit almost word "waste", so reading his book, people can not help but yearn for can be said that Huang is a product of the times through his professional and historical knowledge, the individual's life to play extreme, and also left us with a lot of spiritual wealth. We have to keep pondering the future of his teachings, and his recall.
- High-Ling Wang, "Huang relax History Vision"
His Contribution to the history of China from 1587 that cross-section of the knife Wanli 15 years, which not only made him get a new observation point, also made him get a new sense of the text.
- Li Fang "to the Mandarin writing acupuncture"
Li Ao, Wang Rongzu cooperation out an evaluation of Chiang Kai-shek's book, the book has an introduction to the book on Mr. Huang, a junior officer to the effect that former KMT Huang wrote a book on the Chiang Kai-shek, in order to defend Chiang Kai-shek. Light sentence, it will be Wong's fair As credible position. Successful Association of strokes that are poisonous though, not to be encouraged, but the real point of the problem.
- Liu Wei "History you need to Chiang Kai-shek? "
Huang young anti-Japanese front in the future, probably have not thought to study history, but historians of his potential as a communication in the field have been showing these years, his writing was then a first-class amateur newspaper "Ta Kung Pao," fancy, not without reasons. He not only careful observation, and is rich in language ability, even in the extreme tension which can open a dawdle, calmly dwell.
- Fu Kuo-Chung "Huang presence of history"
In my piece the impression that Huang was a soldier to retain the old bad habits of Xingqingzhongren --- despite his many achievements in historiography...... Huang's research and evaluation of the Chiang Kai-shek, but concede a historian should have sought an objective, fact-speaking basic position....... This article do not wish to denounce the sins Chiang Kai-shek, Chiang Kai-shek to explain the issue in the treatment, Huang indeed biased disgrace to the basic style of a historian.
History of advance and retreat, Huang's own experience; Huang gains and losses, but also their own criticisms of later generations.
- Wang Chunyu "Huang Memories"
Is in such a great reputation in the big crash, Mr. Huang brilliant academic spring boarding. A simple logic is: the greater the praise or blame, the better the book sales.
Although not free, "nondescript" impression, Huang is still a rare cultural figures.
- Document the public, "Ray Huang: a" nondescript "historian"
"Wanli 15 years" there is deep popular reason is that Huang called "big history" in the role. It is a purely academic question, few decades historians ripples; but it can set off the current wave of public reading, it would have to admire the intelligence and courage of Mr. Huang. Reading his book, the "light reading" level, I am often excited. I am easy to say Mr. Huang is a "three-anti-elements", one is "anti-moral," he says failed and backward China is the crux of the "moral rule"; in particular, instead of using technical and legal ethics, it is a very dangerous thing. He Ren Wei, should be to maximize possible moral excluded from the scope of the Discussion of History, in the view history, should consider how parties can do, not how to do it should be, moral evaluation Bingfei historian's responsibility. The second is the "anti-good nature," and Huang Wanli emperor by the "mouth" that people are the same, a while and Yin and Yang duality. Both moral ethics, "Yang", there selfish greed "Yin" and that the "Yin" is also the power on earth can not be eliminated. The third is "anti-history" and Huang as have a "big history" of the weapons, we must judge the past, "small history." He advocated the chess game in history, and should be depth look at the problem from a horse eaten by a car, direct, perhaps because it is another to live in the leg; However, the reason why horses eaten by a car, but starting from the chess game both the consolidated results of games. Do not you think this "to all events are included in the tide of history" approach, it seems that a number of historical determinism with traces of it?
- Yu Xiao group "Huang: Let wandering of souls, holding back the skirt of their loved ones"
Huang's view of history, real history for the winner-takes, completely modern "ending" as the right to judge whether or not the basis of past history: in the success of modern civilization, its ancient history to prove that it is reasonable and correct; failure in modern civilization, to prove that ancient history is absurd, wrong.
- Hu Wenhui (Hu Yidao) "partial or see, is still largely without - great history Huang Critical"
His narrative history approach, in the College outside the mainstream of historical writing, as we lay out a road exploring the possibility of history, which is currently written in Chinese history, the most lacking.
Huang is working on the analysis of the structure of a narrative, the text and in personal opinion and expression, between narrative and analysis, and there is no fracture. Unfortunately, most of the works of professional historians (in Chinese natural world in particular), this type of fracture is extremely significant, because most historians are no longer "story" of the.
- (Taiwan) Jiang, Masahiro "History, fiction and narrative discourse: On Huang's"
Mr. Huang Renyu from the provision of a name, called "Big History" (Macro-History) The history school history, in eight ○ half of Taiwan's historians to cast a stone, the stimulation bursts of feedback.
- (Taiwan) Alan Li Zhong, "Huang and his great history"
Interpretation of this paragraph of fine thread, Mr. Huang so-called "insights" are not confined to his initiative a "great history" and "the figure of management" concept, but a researcher of all history high hopes. However, this text I was most impressed, and still is to give Wong history "Practical" care and concern: "if we give the hesitation, the future's writings, I am afraid there are not many people saw it."
Review of this history, Mr. Huang repeatedly stressed the need to escape characters characterize and evaluate the "moral" level, while "From a technical point of view of history." At this point, "the figure of Management" and "big history" has become the essence of one of history Huang sides.
- (Taiwan) Peng Qiu students "examine the relationship between the Ming and Qing China and the Government of evolution"
Huang great historical perspective, the historical event of the factors of non-attention. In contrast, the history of the people, are inevitably a degree of ordinary people into.
Even we can say that Wei Ang Lee's novel, the background is the main character.
- (Taiwan) Chang Hui-ching "when the book has become the Qingming Festival ─ ─ historian and novelist, Huang Wei-Ang Lee"
Huang's story speaks more exciting, more concentrated flavor irony of history. On the contrary, the more deadly the traditional organization, Huang to get more space, the more precise characterization of these characters traits and strengths; and the more readers can enjoy the experience of Chinese society, the collective tragedy. Effort, ethics, have been the fate of genius, which is ridiculed by the absence of modern society. In traditional Chinese society, eating is not the propriety of Lu Xun said, but management capabilities.
Qing Dynasty Chinese and the West but is a "Westernized" one sheets from the present, but Huang said the Western system in China, is a modern and historical teleology of harmonic under the said.
- (Taiwan) Chen Zhengguo "When East Meets West: Huang discussed the modernization of Western History"
For Huang, the "big history" style of, and even close to the areas of theology: "Generally the far horizon of human history from the time the position of the review, however unexpected imagination would consider close to the field of theology "
- (Taiwan) Chi-Lun Liu, "" great history "under the individual"
President of the "good" reading assessment claimed that its "sometimes a bit too much made of the general impression, reading feverish description of China as a foreigner, however, such an approach makes Wong's literature and narrative have a different History textbooks in the traditional fresh. " And readers have often felt "great history", as Mr. Wang said the Yellow Book "to the problem of Chinese history was cut for the program"
- (Taiwan) Wang trouble Sen
"I read the book Mr. Huang, Zhe for their lack of Chinese thought, literature and art of the knowledge of the shock," "Mr. Huang's history and the history of knowledge is simply not involved in any area of philosophy and literature," and "technology only only this, Bian Yu Toward lower, old, I am? "
- (Taiwan) Professor Gong Pengcheng