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閱讀橫溝正史 Yokomizo Seishi在小说之家的作品!!! |
經歷
1902年生於神戶市。父親的故鄉在岡山縣。
1921年，在《新青年》雜志上發表處女作《恐ろしき四月馬鹿》。
1924年，從大阪藥學專門學校（現大阪大學藥學部）畢業後，一度從事藥劑師工作。後於1926年受到江戶川亂步的邀請前往東京並加入了博文館。1927年出任《新青年》的總編輯，之後在擔任《文藝俱樂部》《偵探小說》等刊物總編輯的同時從事創作和翻譯活動。1932年藉停刊的機會退出博文館成為職業作傢。他在戰前執筆的代表作《鬼火》《倉庫》《蠟人》等，極富濃郁的耽美主義色彩。
但是，因為肺結核的惡化，作傢前往信州養病並停止了創作。由於戰爭時期對偵探小說的嚴格限製，而作傢又沒有把握住當時的潮流，可以說是一段懷才不遇的時期。由於作傢活動受到限製經濟上也十分睏難，病況一度惡化到本人也準備好要死的程度。戰後由於治療的藥物價格急劇崩潰病況逐漸好轉。
1945年4月之後，搬到了岡山縣居住了三年。第二次世界大戰結束後，作傢藉偵探小說可以自由發表之際，充分發揮自己才能。1946年他率先推出《本陣殺人事件》《蝴蝶殺人事件》兩部純解謎長篇推理小說，大大提升了日本推理小說水平，縮短與歐美的差距，從而改變了戰前變格推理小說為主流的趨勢（指不是以解謎為重點的推理小說）。1948年憑《本陣殺人事件》獲得第一屆日本偵探作傢俱樂部奬（之後更名為日本推理作傢協會奬）長篇部門奬。1957年以降，“變格推理小說”在術語上已甚少使用。
橫溝氏的創作量驚人，如《獄門島》《八墓村》《惡魔的手毯歌》等都是膾炙人口的傑作。其中《獄門島》被公認為日本推理文學史上的經典名著。橫構氏本人患有乘車恐懼癥，舉凡車、船、飛機都在避忌之列，萬不得已必須外出應酬，則叫特約大轎車出門。
其戰後推出的名作《本陣殺人事件》以名探金田一耕助為主角 ，獲得壓倒性成功。後來他便以金田一耕助為主角，撰寫一係列解謎推理小說，數量多達八十多篇，其中長篇居半。金田一耕助遂成為日本推理小說史上三大名探之一。1968年，講談社的《周刊少年》發表了改編自《八墓村》的漫畫連載（作畫：影丸讓也）。由此為契機而掀起了一股橫溝正史的熱潮。因為電影係列和電視係列的熱播，即使是推理小說迷以外的人也知道金田一這個名字。
1981年12月28日病逝於寓所，享年七十九歲。
紀念
1980年開始由角川書店主持設立專門鼓勵新人的長篇推理小說奬：橫溝正史奬。
作品列表
夜半口哨聲
獸人魔島
幻影怪人
真珠郎
鬼火
蝴蝶殺人事件
本陣殺人事件
獄門島
夜行
八墓村
犬神傢一族
女王蜂
迷路的新娘
惡魔吹着笛子來
三首塔
惡魔的手毬歌
醫院坡上吊之傢
惡靈島
女人的决鬥
仮面舞踏會
惡魔的寵兒
吸血蛾
Early life
Yokomizo was born in Kobe city, Hyōgo Prefecture. He read detective stories as a boy and in 1921, while employed by the Daiichi Bank, published his first story in the popular magazine Shin Seinen ("New Youth"). He graduated from Osaka Pharmaceutical College (currently part of Osaka University) with a degree in pharmacy, and initially intended to take over his family's drug store even though sceptical of the contemporary ahistorical attitude towards drugs. However, drawn by his interest in literature, and the encouragement of Edogawa Rampo, he went to Tokyo instead, where he was hired by the Hakubunsha publishing company in 1926. He resigned in 1932 to devote his full time to writing.
Literary career
Yokomizo was attracted to the literary genre of historical fiction, especially that of the historical detective novel. In July 1934, while resting in the mountains of Nagano to recuperate from tuberculosis, he completed his first novel Onibi, which was published in 1935, although parts were immediately censored by the authorities. Undeterred, Yokomizo followed on his early success with a second novel Ninngyo Sashichi torimonocho (1938-1939). However, during World War II, he faced difficulties in getting his works published due to the wartime conditions, and was in severe economic difficulties. The lack of Streptomycin and other antibiotics also meant that his tuberculosis could not be properly treated, and he joked with friends that it was a race to see whether he would die of disease or of starvation.
However, soon after the end of World War II, his works received wide recognition and he developed an enormous fan following. He published many works via Kodansha's Weekly Shōnen Magazine in serialized form, concentrating only on popular mystery novels, based on the orthodox western detective story format, starting with Honjin Satsujin Jiken and Chōchō Satsujin Jinken (both in 1946). His works became the model for postwar Japanese mystery writing. He was also often called the "Japanese John Dickson Carr" after the writer whom he admired.
Yokomizo is most well-known for creating the private detective character Kosuke Kindaichi. Many of his works have been made into movies.
Yokomizo died of colon cancer in 1981. His grave is at the Seishun-en cemetery in Kawasaki, Kanagawa.
Legacy
The Yokomizo Seishi Prize is a literary award established in 1980 by the Kadokawa Shoten publishing company and the Tokyo Broadcasting System in honor of Yokomizo. It is awarded annually to a previously unpublished novel-length mystery. The winner receives a statuette of Kosuke Kindaichi and a cash award of 10 million yen. In addition, the winning story is published by Kadokawa Shoten and dramatized as a television movie by TBS.
Major work
"The Case of the Honjin Murder " (本陣殺人事件 Honjin satsujin jiken?, April 1946)
"Gokumon Island" (獄門島 Gokumontō?, January 1947 - October 1948)
"The Village of Eight Graves" (八つ墓村 Yatsuhakamura?, March 1949 - March 1951)
"Queen Bee " (女王蜂 Jo-o-batchi?, June 1951 – May 1952)
"The Inugami Clan" (犬神家の一族 Inugamike no Ichizoku?, January 1950 - May 1951) ISBN 4925080768, made into movies by Kon Ichikawa The Inugamis in 1976 and The Inugamis by Shunji Iwai in 2006.
"The Sleeping Bride" (睡れる花嫁 Nemureru Hanayome?, 1952) ISBN 4041304970.
The Devil Comes and Plays His Flute (悪魔が来りて笛を吹く Akuma ga kitarite fue o fuku?, 1951-1953)
Three Head Tower (三つ首塔 Mitsu-kubi Tō?, 1955)
Head (首 Kubi?, 1957) ISBN 4041304431