閱讀剋拉林 Leopoldo Alas在小说之家的作品!!! | |||
西班牙小說傢、文藝評論傢。原名萊奧波爾多·阿拉斯，生於薩莫拉城。1859年隨傢移居奧維亞多，讀完中學和大學。1882年任薩拉戈薩大學教授，次年轉入奧維亞多大學任羅馬法學、政法經濟學教授。後在馬德裏生活多年。
剋拉林一生衹寫過兩部長篇小說《女當傢的》(1884)和《獨生子》(1891)，受法國作傢左拉等人的影響，帶有濃厚的自然主義色彩。前者描寫年輕貌美的安娜·阿索雷斯嫌棄年老的丈夫，與人私通，丈夫憤而與姦夫决鬥而死。作品深刻反映了19世紀西班牙內地的社會風貌和政治現象，揭露教會的黑暗。後者則寫波尼法西奧·雷伊斯的婚姻和家庭悲劇，譴責了19世紀西班牙頑固的保守勢力。
剋拉林與阿拉爾孔和巴桑 3人被譽為現代西班牙短篇小說的三大名傢。其短篇作品分為兩類：一類以抒情見長，如《博羅尼亞》、《陷阱》等；另一類為幽默諷刺作品，如《聰明的蒼蠅》、《候選人》、《烏鴉》等。
剋拉林的主要作品有：庭長夫人
Alas spent his childhood living in León and Guadalajara, until he moved to Oviedo in 1865. There he studied Bachillerato (high school) and began his law studies. He lived in Madrid from 1871 to 1878, where he began his career as a journalist (adopting the pen-name "Clarín" in 1875) and he graduated with the thesis El Derecho y la Moralidad (Law and Morality) in 1878. He taught in Zaragoza from 1882 to 1883. In 1883 he returned to Oviedo to take up a position as professor of Roman law.
Above all, Clarín is the author of La Regenta, his masterpiece and one of the best novels of the 19th century. It is a long work, similar to Flaubert's Madame Bovary, one of its influences. Other influences included Naturalism and Kraussism, a philosophical current which promoted the cultural and ethical regeneration of Spain.
La Regenta is special for its great wealth of characters and secondary stories, while the main character's description is left slightly unfocused and vague. On the other hand, the downfall of the provincial lady has place amidst two very diverse suitors: the most handsome man in the city and the cathedral's priest. The depiction of this priest is a key part of the book.
For the description of the provincial atmosphere and the city's collective life, Clarín used techniques such as the internal monologue or the free indirect style, which makes the story be narrated by the characters themselves and allows the reader to penetrate in their intimacy.
In 1890, he published a new novel, Su único hijo. Even though most critics consider it as a lesser novel in comparison with La Regenta, it is equal to the former in the skill with which the technical resources are used. Su único hijo was originally meant to be the introduction to a trilogy, but aside from an outline and a few fragments of the two sequels, Su único hijo was Clarín's last full-length novel.
Apart from these works, Clarín is also the author of magnificent stories and of a large number of journalistic articles. He also wrote an essay, "La Literatura en 1881" (1882), in collaboration with Armando Palacio Valdes.
Leopoldo Alas remains a rather enigmatic figure in the Spanish literary world, leaving a legacy that encouraged the search for God and humanism simultaneously. This aberrant confluence has facilitated the presence of various interpretations regarding the author's writings, most noticeably of his masterpiece, La Regenta.
[edit]Works
La Regenta (The Regent's Wife) (1884–85) [Novel]
Su único hijo (His Only Son) (1890) [Novel]
Doña Berta (1892)
¡Adiós, Cordera! (1892)
Cuentos morales (Moral Stories) (1896)
El gallo de Sócrates (Socrates' Rooster) (1900)
[edit]Essays
"Solos de Clarín" (1881)
"La literatura en 1881" (1882)
"Sermón perdido" (1885)
"Nueva campaña" (1887)
"Ensayos y revistas" (1892)
"Palique" (1894)