| 网笔号： | 巢皇 | |||||||||
| 籍贯： | 苍梧 | |||||||||
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【出生地】：苍梧（今湖南九嶷山以南）。
【立都】：石楼山（今山西吕梁市兴县东北）。
【年号】：巢皇。
【简介】:
中国古代神话中发明巢居的英雄。也称“大巢氏”。其初，人民穴居野外，受野兽侵害，有巢氏教民构木为巢，以避野兽，从此人民才由穴居到巢居。《庄子.盗跖》：“古者禽兽多而人民少、于是民皆巢居以避之。昼拾橡栗、暮栖木上，故命之曰有巢氏之民。”《太平御览》卷七八引《项峻始学篇》：“上古穴处，有圣人教之巢居，号大巢氏。”晋张华《博物志.杂说上》：“昔有巢氏有臣而贵，任之专国主断，已而夺之。臣怒而生变，有巢以亡。”
【有巢氏的传说记载】
有巢氏的传说在先秦古籍已有记载。庄周说:“古者禽兽 多而入少，于是民皆巢居以避之，昼拾橡栗，暮栖木上，故命 之曰有巢氏之民。”(《庄子·盗跖》)韩非说：“上古之世，人民少而禽兽众，人民不胜禽兽虫蛇，有圣人作，构本为巢以 避群害，而民悦之，使王天下，号曰‘有巢氏’。”(《韩非子．五矗》)有巢氏是传说远古发明巢居的人。这一传说反映了我国原始时代由穴居而进入巢居的情况。《遁甲开山图》说： “石楼山在琅玡，昔有巢氏治此山南。”(《艺文类聚》卷十一引)琅玡山在山东省诸城市，所谓有巢氏治于此，实不足为信。项峻《始学编》说：“上古皆穴处，有圣人出，教之巢居，今南方巢居，北方穴处，古之遗迹也。”(《太平御览》卷七十八引)认为巢居开始于南方。《林邑记》也说:“苍梧已南，有文郎野人，居无屋宅，依树上住宿，食生肉，采香以为 业，与人交易，若上皇之人。”(《太平御览》卷一七二引)周去 非说； “深广之民，结栅以居，上设茅屋，下豢牛豕。其所以然者，盖地多虎狼，不如是，人畜皆不得安，乃上古巢居之意欤！”(《岭外代答》卷四)这都说明巢居可能起源于南方。
【原始巢居的发明】
有巢氏神话传说中人物，汉族人民想象中的始祖，原始巢居的发明者。相传远古昊英之世，人少而禽兽众，为防御野兽侵害，有巢氏教人构木为巢，白天采摘橡栗，夜晚栖宿树上。《庄子》载：“古者禽兽多而人民少，于是民皆巢居以避之。”即有巢氏时代。因居巢得名与有巢氏发明巢居有关，而被视为巢湖人。它与同时出现的燧人氏、伏羲氏、神农氏一样，虽均出自后人虚拟，但也表明了汉族先民坚持生存斗争的光荣历史进程。
【发明巢居具体故事及作用】
史书上说：上古时人类少而禽兽多，人类居住在地面上，经常遭受禽兽的攻击，每时每刻都存在着伤亡危险。在恶劣环境的逼迫下，部分人类开始往北迁徙。他们来到今山西和陕西一带，受鼠类动物的启发，在黄土高原的山坡上打洞，人居住在里面，用石头或树枝挡住洞口，这样就安全了许多。但是北方气候寒冷，许多人宁愿留在危险的南方，也不肯往北迁移。这时候有巢氏出现了。传说他出生在九嶷山以南的苍梧，曾经游过仙山，得仙人指点而有了超人的智慧。他受鸟类在树上筑巢的启发，最先发明了“巢居”。他指导人们用树枝和藤条在高大的树干上建造房屋，房屋的四壁和屋顶都用树枝遮挡得严严实实，即挡风避雨，又可防止禽兽的攻击，人们从此不再过那种担惊受怕的日子。
人们非常感激这位发明巢居的人，便推选他为当地的部落酋长，尊称他为有巢氏。有巢氏被推选为部落酋长后，为大家办了许多好事，名声很快传遍中华大地。各部落的人都认为他德高望重，有圣王的才能，一致推选他为总首领，尊称他为“巢皇”，也就是部落联盟总部的大酋长。
传说有巢氏执政后，迁都于北方圣地石楼山。石楼山就在今山西吕梁市兴县东北，当时有巢氏命人在山上挖了一个洞，他就居住在山洞里处理政务。所以后世人便把石楼山称作有巢氏的皇都。其实有巢氏时期连一座像样的房子都没有，哪里会有都城呢？
有巢氏时期人类的社会组织已经进入到母系氏族公社阶段。当时的社会活动主要是男子打猎和捕鱼，女子采集野菜和挖掘块根。此时人类的婚姻形式已经有了很大改变，不仅排除了兄弟姐妹间的通婚关系，同一族团内部的同辈男女也禁止通婚了。男子只能选择其它族团的女子为“妻”，女子只能选择其它族团的男子为“夫”。就是说甲族团的一群男子（或女子）可以和乙族团的一群女子（或男子）互为夫妻，这便是母系氏族社会的族外群婚。族外群婚只准许甲（乙）族团的一群男子夜里到乙（甲）族团和那里的一群女子过性生活，第二天早晨这些男子就得回到本族团去，不准许留在女子所在的族团。而女人一生都不准许离开本族团。这种族外群婚相对于血缘群婚，显然已经有了很大的进步。
【有巢氏故事新解】
“构木为巢”就是在树上建造巢穴，从“构”字的古体字形来看，构木为巢其实是在树上将木材交叠架构而成的住所。
在中华大地上，丛林猛兽之中主要是虎、豹、狼和熊四种。毒蛇虽然非常恐怖，但毒蛇并不会主动攻击人类，不以人类为食，只要不去招惹它，毒蛇也不会乱杀无辜。人吃饱喝足之后，不过寻个安全处所休息而已，也不招惹是非。所以，对于毒蛇之类大可不必考虑。熊是一种猛兽，其体力大于人，足以杀死一个成年人。但熊是杂食性动物，一般也不以与人类体型差不多的动物为食。所以，只有虎、豹、狼三种猛兽有可能捕杀人类为食，虎以体型巨大而捕食，狼则以群体战术求胜，豹子主要捕食比自己体型的动物为食。其中虎和狼是不能上树的，至于豹子，其体形比人要小一些，一只豹子很不容易杀死一个成年人，所以尽管豹子能够上树，但对人的威胁比虎和狼要小得多。因此，人在休息入睡时也不必太考虑豹子的威胁。这样以来，人只要避到树上，要中华这片大地上，还是有一定安全保障的。所以用木材在树上建造巢穴，或说原始房屋，基本上可以有效防止毒蛇猛兽的偷袭，人在其中能安然入睡，能得到更好地休息，生存能力提高了一大步。“有巢氏”这个名字本身恰恰自述了这一伟大发明。
除个别大型食肉动物外，所有动物睡眠都处于不安全状态，因而要寻找藏身场所安睡。小型动物可藏身于自己隐秘的巢穴里酣睡，无法藏身的动物只有通过减少睡眠保持警醒状态来躲避危险。大象每晚睡三四个小时，其中两小时站着睡，进入梦乡时由于肌肉过于松驰便不得不躺下。长颈鹿每晚一般只睡两小时，短睡时常将脖子和脑袋靠在树枝上以免脖子疲劳，进入睡梦阶段便躺下，一般只能持续二十分钟。长颈鹿从地上站起要用时一分钟，使得其逃生能力大打折扣，所以躺下睡眠十分危险。马每天睡三小时，可以一直站着睡，其四足能牢牢固定在原地，随时准备逃跑。羚羊一出生就时刻警惕着，以善奔求生。人类早期的生活与这些大型动物相似，睡眠是件很伤脑筋的事情。美国科学家发现睡眠不足可能造成大脑突然出现短路，表现为大脑不稳定，在清醒和睡眠两种状态之间频繁地快速转换，在转换状态的过程中，大脑会出现瞬间功能丧失现象。可以设想，在远古时期，睡眠不足对人类来说是非常危险的，有了房屋，才有效解决了这一难题。由此可见，有巢氏“教民构木为巢”正是人类用自己的智慧解决生存之道的一次伟大革命。
英国女学者珍妮·古多尔在《黑猩猩在召唤》一书中介绍说，黑猩猩有在树上建巢穴入睡的习性。其方法非常之简陋，无非是把树枝折弯交叠成为一个能撑托人体的巢，以便躺在上面入睡，大多数情况下都是用过一次就废弃，每天晚上睡觉前重新做一个。尽管如此，这也是哺乳动物中除人类之外唯一建巢而睡的动物，其它动物则至多是打洞（地洞、山洞、树洞）而睡。从有巢氏的最古老传说中可以看出，构木为巢已不仅仅是做个可以躺下的巢，而且具有了一定的遮蔽风雨的功能，“构”字表示构巢者有了一定的思考和设计，这与黑猩猩折木为巢有着本质的飞跃。可以说，这是人类第一次尝试用智慧（设计）改变生存质量的壮举，是人猿揖别的拐点所在。
三国时的吴国人项峻在《始学编》中说：“上古皆穴处，有圣人出，教之巢居，今南方巢居，北方穴处，古之遗迹也。”（《太平御览》卷七十八引）。所谓巢居就是在树上建巢，穴处则是在地下挖穴而居。这其中透露出一个信息，巢居习俗一直流传到有文字的历史时期，并不是古代学者们的凭空想象。有学者研究认为，巢居习俗至少在夏末时还存在着，淮南子说：“汤败桀於历山，与末喜同舟浮江，奔南巢之山而死。”有学者研究认为这个南巢就是与夏桀友善并且巢居的一个部落。春秋时期，晋楚交战，楚共王“登巢车以望晋军”。这里的“巢车”，是在八轮车上树立一根高竿，竿上安辘轳，然后将一个方四尺、高五尺的板屋拉上高竿，用于窥探敌军动向，如同鸟巢一样。显然，这种“巢车”与楚地盛行的巢居文化不无联系，古人先在树上巢居，尔后才有了创造巢车的灵感。也就是说，在春秋中晚期到战国时期，中华大地上确实存在着一些巢居习俗，使得当时的学者们对远巢居历史的猜测有了一定的事实根据。由此出发，我们还可以猜想，目前在南方仍然存在的干栏式建筑（用立柱将房屋支撑起来离开地面的一种建筑形式），与巢居也存在一定的传承关系。这些作法都离不开一个重要的思想，那就是远古时期由类人猿的折木为巢向构木为巢转变过程中的设计思想。
从现在一些新生事物的发展过程来看，由折木为巢转向构木为巢并不一定是某一个圣贤的灵机一动就自然而然地实现了的，而是经过多代断断续续地的探索，逐步积累中实现的。也就是说有巢氏不是一个伟人，而是前赴后继的英雄群体，是一个时代的象征性人物。
【有巢氏名称及其来历】
1.有巢氏，又叫“大巢氏”
《始学篇》记载：“上古皆穴处，有圣人教之巢居，号‘大巢氏’。”
《通志·三皇纪》记载：“厥初，先民穴居野处，圣人教之结巢，以避虫豸之害，而食草木之实，故号‘有巢氏’，亦曰‘大巢氏’。”
《中国远古和原始社会的传说及近代考古学的发现》说：“有巢氏，又名‘大巢氏’，因教民巢居而得号。”
2.有巢氏，简称“有巢”
鲁迅曾取用过这种简称，其《自文字至文章》云：“至于上古实状，则荒漠不可考，君长之名，且难审知，世以天皇地皇人皇为三皇者，列三才开始之序，继以有巢、燧人、伏羲、神农者，明人群进化之程，殆皆后人所命，非真号矣。降及轩辕，遂多传说，逮于虞夏，乃有箸于简策之文传于今。”
著名历史学家、教育家徐旭生在其历史专著中，直接以这种简称命题，其曰《有巢、燧人、伏羲、女娲、神农各氏的来源》。
历史学家尚秉和所著《历代社会风俗事物考》，其卷一亦以《有巢燧人时社会状况》为标题。
3.有巢氏，简称“巢”
《汉语大词典》解：“巢，有巢氏的省称。南朝宋鲍照《河清颂》：‘窥刊崩石，捃逸残竹，巢风寂寥，羲埃绵邈。”
《六月六日登洞庭西山缥渺峰放歌》云：“叟童鸡犬寂无喧，别有天地疑巢轩。世人不信桃源记，谁知此是真桃源。” 按：此诗为明代诗人黄周星所作。“巢轩”，是指远古时期的两个帝王、中华民族两个功德显赫的祖先——有巢氏、轩辕氏（黄帝）。这里以“巢轩”代指远古之世。《汉语大词典》此条注解是将“巢”释为尧时的高士巢父。
《大辞典》解：“巢燧：指古代的‘有巢氏’和‘燧人氏’。唐张九龄《龙池圣德颂》：‘巢燧之前，寂寥无纪；书契而后，焕炳可观。’”
《先秦史》云：“吾国开化之迹，可征者始于巢、燧、羲、农。”
《中国民族史》云：“巢、燧、羲、农，及黄帝、颛顼、帝喾、尧、舜等，事迹较可凭信者，必在距今五千年前后也。”
4.“有巢氏”是称号，这个称号是后人追赠的
“有巢氏”称号是后世之人，根据传说而给“首创巢居”的人追赠的荣誉性称号。
《韩非子》记载：“上古之世，人民少而禽兽众，人民不胜禽兽虫蛇。有圣人作，构木为巢，以避群害，而民说（悦）之，使王天下，号之曰‘有巢氏’。” 按：上列文字摘自“诸子集成”本《韩非子》。《太平御览》卷七十八皇王部“有巢氏”条引录此文，略见异同。“禽兽众”作“禽兽多”，“虫蛇”作“蛇虺 ”，“民悦之”作“人悦之”。
唐著名诗人陆龟蒙歌颂说：“词云太古万万古，民性甚野无风期。夜栖止与禽兽杂，独自构架纵横枝。因而称曰有巢氏，民共敬贵如君师。”
文化学者林河说：“在燧人氏之前，人类都是无名的，所谓‘有巢氏’、‘燧人氏’并不是他们的‘自称’，而是后人的‘他称’。”
历史学家王桐龄则从旧时给先王定谥号的法则思考进去，因时代文化和祖先业绩而立号：“太古理想之帝名，往往与文化之发生，有接近之联络，有巢氏、燧人氏等古帝王之称号皆然。此自特别取义也，凡人类初开化之时，莫不欲知其本国文化之所自出，而其时尚无文字记载，乃一依故老之口碑以为凭，中国开之开化始于何人？此初民所急欲知之者也。于是，古之学者，乃造为传说，以解释国民之疑惑。曰：上古之时，诸事不备，有圣帝出，教民构木为巢，以避爪牙角毒之害，故曰‘有巢氏’。”
5.“有巢氏”既是个人称号，也是氏族代号
“有巢氏”是那个发明巢居的人的称号，也是这个人所在的氏族的代号。“有巢氏” 因为功德和地位，自然成为他所在氏族的代表人物，代表人物的称号便渐成为氏族的代号。
《庄子·盗跖》记载：“且吾闻之，古者禽兽多而人少，于是民皆巢居以避之。昼拾橡栗，暮栖木上，故命之曰‘有巢氏之民’。”
宁业高、宁业龙考证说：“‘有巢氏’不是神而是个圣人（或者是一个英明的人类群体）……‘有巢氏’不仅代表着一个原始氏族，也代表着一个历史时代，代表着中国文明史肇端的典型标识。” （《论有巢氏功德与古巢国演延》）
文史学者徐志齐说：“所谓‘仓颉’就是后人对创造文字者的追称，犹如‘有巢氏’指发明造房屋的最早祖先、‘燧人氏’指钻隧取火的发明者、‘神农氏’指最早开创农业的民族等一样，其人是无法考定的。”
6.“有巢氏”既是个人称号，也是时代名称
“有巢氏”是那个发明巢居的人的称号，也是这个人所生息的时代名称。“有巢氏” 因为功德和地位，自然成为他所在氏族的领袖人物，领袖人物的称号便渐成为他所生息的时代的名称。
历史学家徐旭生曾立《有巢、燧人、伏羲、女娲、神农各氏的来源》专题，对关于有巢氏的史料及历代研究情况进行综述和探讨，并明确指出：“就现在所能得到的材料去研讨，我们可以推断神农与有巢、燧人为同类，是战国时的思想家从社会进步的阶段而想出来的指示时代的名词。”
国学大师钱穆从人类历史文化演进视角分析得很有道理：“中国古代历史传说，极富理性，切近事实，与并世其它民族追述古史之充满神话气味者大不相同。如有巢氏代表巢居时期，燧人氏代表熟食时期，庖牺氏代表畜牧时期，神农氏代表耕稼时期。此等名号，本非古所本有，乃属后人想象称述，乃与人类历史文化演进阶段，先后符合。此见我中华民族之先民，早于人文演进，有其清明之观点与合理的想法。”
著名历史学家翦伯赞认为：“据我们的考察，有巢氏时代的原始人群并不是生存在这样的一个乐园；反之，而是生存在一个冰雪皑皑的蒙古高原之原野。”
7.称“大巢氏”，跟古代尊称习惯相关
称“大”，“大”者，尊也，敬也。古代用“大”于人称，往往体现德高、位重、辈长之类。王棕材《世本集览通论》论：“古人名号与国，多以‘大’称者，‘循蜚纪’有大騩氏、大敦氏，‘因提纪’有大巢氏，‘禅通纪’有大庭氏，又黄帝师大填，颛顼师大款，黄帝臣大挠、大隗、大丙……伏羲后有大风，少昊后有大费，诸书称舜曰‘大舜’，禹曰‘大禹’。”
称“巢”，与有巢氏其人筑巢之事迹功德有关。
称“氏”，这是古代的一种名称样式。古文献中，有关传说式记载的远古时代帝王，几乎一律地都享受这样的称谓，如燧人氏、伏羲氏、女娲氏、神农氏、轩辕氏等等，之所以如此，大凡此等称谓兼有氏族意义、时代意义，还多少包含着对他们的尊敬意味。
【有巢氏在何处建国】
远古时期，继“三皇”之后的，是五位赫赫有名的英雄，有巢氏、燧人氏、伏羲氏、女娲氏、神农氏。传说燧人氏教百姓钻木取火；伏羲氏教人计数，发明乐器；女娲氏炼七彩石补天，并创造了人类；神农氏遍尝百草，区分出作物、药材，使人类有药可医。而有巢氏最大的功绩，则是率领古人筑巢为室，古人得以安居一处，家园的梦想终成现实。最早的巢居又称为“树上居”，顾名思义，是建在树上的，后来才延伸到了平地上。
在历史学家看来，有巢氏更像一首流传至今的创世史诗。上古之世，古人居无定所，饱受禽兽蛇虺（hui 三声，古书上说的一种毒蛇）荼毒。后来，有位圣人发现，在树上建筑房屋，既可挡风遮雨，又能躲避禽兽，古人欣喜无比，纷纷效仿，尔后拥立这位圣人为王，号 “有巢氏”。从这个朴素的名号看来，有巢氏早已不是高高在上的神祗，而是一位创造了历史的平民英雄。
古史的年代越久，给后人留下的谜团也就越多，有巢氏便是如此：他率领子民在哪里筑巢为室？这是一个怎样的国度？在流传至今的史籍的缝隙中，后人只能捕捉一点关于他的流光碎影。《遁甲开山图》记载，山东琅邪过去有座石楼山，有巢氏曾占据此山，王天下百余代。这里似乎是有巢氏王国的政治中心。
无独有偶，荆楚之地也流传着有巢氏的传说。春秋时期，晋楚交战，楚共王“登巢车以望晋军”。这里的“巢车”，是在八轮车上树立一根高竿，竿上安辘轳，然后将一个方四尺、高五尺的板屋拉上高竿，用于窥探敌军动向，如同鸟巢一样。显然，这种“巢车”与楚地盛行的巢居文化不无联系，古人先在树上巢居，尔后才有了创造巢车的灵感。扬雄《荆州箴》曾有“南巢茫茫，包荆与楚”之句，这里的“南巢”即是荆楚之地，夏代末年，这里生活着一个叫南巢氏的部落，是夏的同盟部族，夏桀还曾来此避难；后来，南巢逐渐成为荆楚之地巢居民族的通称，有学者认为，有巢氏可能正是来自于荆楚之地众多的巢居民族。
再或者，有巢氏是来自于巴蜀之地的一个古老部落。宋人罗泌的《路史》有过这样一条记载：“有巢氏居于 ”。清人张澍在《蜀典》一书中认为，这个“ ”，不是西南夷昆明族，便是一个叫弥牟镇的地方，而弥牟镇就在今天的新都县。透过甲骨文，我们似乎能找到另一条线索。历史上，周人对一个叫“巢”的小国并不友好，不远千里派兵征讨，似乎有什么深仇大恨，蜀人与周人也有过节，怪不得在周王朝的青铜器上，巢、蜀连在了一起。学者谭继和认为，巢、蜀两国可能相距不远，巢国与蜀国相连，它的得名，或许源于部落巢居的传统。昆明族，弥牟镇，靠近蜀地的巢国，无不彰显着有巢氏与巴蜀之地的神秘联系。
【Introduction】:
Youchaoshi ancient legend has been recorded in the Qin Dynasty. Zhuang Zhou said: "The ancient who spends little more than animals, so as to avoid the nesting Min Jie, day and pick up oak chestnut, twilight perch, it said, Youchaoshi of life of the people." ("Dao Zhi" ) Han Fei said: "The ancient world, people and animals less public, the people of numerous animal Chong Yi, there are saints for, construction of the base for the nest to avoid harm, and Yue of China, so TONGJI, Hao Yue 'Youchaoshi' . "(" Human Nature. 5 Jinchu ") Youchaoshi the legendary ancient people who invented nesting. This legend reflects the primitive era in China from the cave and into the nesting situation. "Dun Jia mountains map", said: "Stone House Hill in Langya, former Youchaoshi rule this Shannan." ("Art class together," Juan Shiyi cited) Langya Mountain in Shandong province Zhucheng, the so-called Youchaoshi governance this is really not credible. Xiang Jun "before school code," said: "The ancient caves are there saints out to teach the nesting, this southern nesting, northern caves, the remains of the ancient." ("Tai Ping Yu Lan" VII 18 cited) that nesting began in the South. "Lin Yi Ji" also said: "Cangwu has been South, there Fumio Savage, no residence depends on the residence, according to the tree to stay, eat raw meat, incense that mining industry, with the transaction, if Uehata person." ("Tai Ping Yu Glance, "Volume 72 Citation) weeks to non-said;" breadth and depth of the people, end gate to home, the cottage set, the next Huan Niu wiring. it is exactly those covered to more tigers than that humans and animals are not safe, is Secular meaning ancient nesting! "(" ridge outside to answer the "volume IV) which shows that nesting may have originated in the South.
【Invented the story and the role of specific nesting】
Legend Youchaoshi power, moved the capital to the Holy Land stone floor in the north mountains. Stone House Hill in this northeast Xing County in Shanxi Luliang City was Youchaoshi ordered a hole dug in the mountains, he lived in a cave for Home Affairs. After the stone floor, so people Bianba called Youchaoshi the Royal Hill. In fact, even a decent period Youchaoshi no house, where it will be the capital?
"Structure of wood as nest" is built nests in the trees, from the "structure" characters look old body shape, structure of wood to nest in the trees are actually overlapping structure made of wood home.
In the land of China, mainly among the jungle beast tiger, leopard, wolf and bear the four. Although snakes are terrorist, but the snake and will not attack human beings, not to humans for food, as long as not to provoke it, and snakes will not kill innocent people indiscriminately. After people satiate, but find a safe place to rest it, or unassuming. Therefore, poisonous snakes and the like need not be considered. Bear is a beast, its strength is greater than one, enough to kill an adult. But the bear is omnivorous, usually not to the human body with similar animals. Therefore, only the tiger, leopard, wolf three kinds of wild animals for food may kill humans, the tiger to a great size and prey, wolves Zeyi group tactics to win, leopards prey than the main body of the animals to eat their own. One tiger and the wolf is not on the tree, as leopards, their body smaller than a man, a leopard is not easy to kill an adult, so despite the leopards to the tree, but the threat to human than the tiger and the wolf to much smaller. Therefore, when people fall asleep without too much break to consider the threat of leopards. This way, people just avoid the tree, this piece of land to China, or have a certain security guarantees. Therefore, the use of wood in the construction of nest trees, or that the original housing, basically prevent snake beast attack, in which people can sleep peacefully, to get better rest, a big step to improve survivability. "Youchaoshi" The name itself is precisely the great inventions of this readme.
Apart from individual large carnivores, all animals are in a safe state of sleep, so sleep to find hiding places. Small animals can hide in their secret lair in deep sleep, unable to hide the animals only by reducing the sleep state and remain vigilant to avoid danger. Elephants, three or four hours sleep per night, in which stood two hours sleep, to sleep when the muscles are too loose because they had to lie down. Two hours of sleep per night giraffe general, short sleep from time to time to the neck and head leaning against a branch to avoid neck fatigue, lay down into the sleep stage, usually only last 20 minutes. Giraffe stood up from the floor for a minute to use when making their escape capability greatly reduced, so lie down and sleep very dangerous. Ma sleeps three hours a day, you can have standing to sleep, its four feet can be firmly fixed in place, ready to flee. Antelope was born on alert, with good survival Ben. Early human life and large animals like these, sleep is a very nerve-racking thing. U.S. scientists have found that lack of sleep can cause a sudden short-circuit the brain, showing brain unstable state in between awake and sleep two frequent fast conversion, the conversion state of the process, the brain appears the phenomenon of transient loss of function. Can imagine that, in ancient times, lack of sleep is very dangerous for humans, and with housing, only effective solution to this problem. Thus, Youchaoshi "Christians structure of wood for the nest," it is human wisdom to solve their own survival of a great revolution.
Three Kingdoms of Wu were items of Jun in the "beginning of school code," said: "The Elder are caves, there are saints out to teach the nesting, this southern nesting, northern caves, ancient of sites that could." ("Tai Ping Yu Lan "VII 18 Citation). The so-called nesting is built nests in trees, caves are in the ground Waxue door. Of which revealed a message, nesting has been observed to have spread word of the historical period, not the ancient scholars imagined. Some scholars study suggests that, at least in the late summer nesting practices appear when it was, Huai said: "Tom defeated Jie in Alexandra, and the end of HI on the same boat floating river, the mountain of Ben Southern nest died." Some scholars think that this study Xia Jie is with friendly, the South Nest and nesting of a tribe. Spring and Autumn Period, Jin Chu war, of Chu, "Teng Jin nest car to look." Here the "nest car", is to erect an eight-wheel Gao Gan, poles security pulley, and then a square four feet, high-five feet of the board houses linked together Gao Gan, for the spy enemy movements, as in the nest the same. Obviously, this "nest car" and the prevalence of nesting Chu culture was not without contact, the ancients first nesting in the trees, later cars have the inspiration to create nests. That is, in the late Spring and Autumn Warring States period in the vast land of China there are indeed some nesting practices, scholars have so far then the history of speculation that nesting has some basis in fact. Based on this, we can guess, is still present in the South dry bar architecture (with columns supporting the housing from the ground up as a built form), and nesting there are some inheritance relations. These practices are inseparable from an important idea, that is ancient ape-off from the nest to the structure of wood for the trees to nest in the design process of change.
Name and origin】 【Youchaoshi
"Annals Three Sovereigns and discipline," it reads: "rhetoric early cave wild ancestors Department, sage taught the nest in order to avoid the insects are harmful, but to actually eat vegetation, so No. 'Youchaoshi', Yi Yue 'big nest s'. "
Lu Xun has been used to take this short, its "text to the article" goes: "The real ancient form, the desert can not test, jun long name, and it is difficult to know the trial, to the emperor in the world for the Three Wise Kings by King Wong who , the column sequence beginning with God, followed by a nest, Sui person, Fu Yi, Shen Nong who crowd out the evolution of the process, the almost all descendants have life, carry on non-real number. Xuanyuan down and, in many respects to legend, arrest in Yujia , is a simple policy of chopsticks in the Interfax today. "
3. Youchaoshi, referred to as "nest"
"Dictionary" Solution: "nest Sui: refers to the ancient 'Youchaoshi' and 'Suiren'. Tang ling" Longchi holiness Song ": 'nest beacon before the solitude without discipline; book contract and then, Huan-Ping considerable. '"
4. "Youchaoshi" is the title, this title is the descendants posthumously awarded the
Tang poet Lu Guimeng tribute said: "The term cloud Swire absolutely ancient, being enlightened or even no wind on the field. Roosting only with animal hybrid, vertical and horizontal framework of sticks alone. So that say Youchaoshi, people respect you as ruler of division."
5. "Youchaoshi" is individual title is code-named clan
Ning Ye-Gao, Ning Ye-long research, said: "'Youchaoshi' is not God but a sage (wise man or a group) ... ... 'Youchaoshi' not only represents a primitive clan, also represents a historical era represents the end of the Chinese literary classic Ming Shizhao identity. "(" On the old nest States Youchaoshi merit and speech delay ")
"Youchaoshi" is the person that invented the title of the home nest, but also the people live in the era of the name. "Youchaoshi" because of merit and status of a natural His clan leaders, leaders of the title he will gradually become the name of interest-bearing age.
Jian Bo Zan famous historian said: "According to our study, Youchaoshi times the original population are not living in such a paradise; the contrary, but living in a snow-capped wilderness of the Mongolian plateau."
"The Nest", and Youchaoshi its people merit the nest of the story.
In ancient times, following the "Three kings" after is five famous heroes, Youchaoshi, Suiren, Fu Xi, Nu Wa, Shen Nong. Legend Suiren teaching people fire by rubbing sticks; Fu Xi teach people to count, invented musical instruments; Nu Wa's colorful stone refining the Sky, and created human beings; Shennong Bianchang hundred herbs, distinguishing crops, medicinal herbs, so that humanity can be cured . The Youchaoshi biggest achievements is the nest for the chamber led the ancients, the ancients to live one, the final dream home into reality. The earliest nesting, also known as "the tree home," the name suggests, is built on a tree, and later extended to the ground on.