南梁 人物列表
萧纲 Xiao Gang萧衍 Xiao Yan萧绎 Xiao Yi
萧统 Xiao Tong萧顺之 Xiao Shunzhi萧衍 Xiao Yan
萧欢 Xiao Huan萧栋 Xiao Dong萧纪 Xiao Ji
萧渊明 Xiao Yuanming萧方智 Xiao Fangzhi萧庄 Xiao Zhuang
侯景 Hou Jing
萧统 Xiao Tong
南梁  (501年531年)
字: 德施
网笔号: 昭明太子
籍贯: 南兰陵
开端终结
在位531年

诗歌文集 poetry corpus《昭明文选》

阅读萧统 Xiao Tong在诗海的作品!!!
  南朝梁文学家,字德施,南兰陵(今江苏常州)人,梁武帝萧衍长子。齐中兴元年生于襄阳。萧衍曾任雍州刺史,镇守襄阳,后乘齐内乱,起兵夺取帝位,在建康(今南京)建立梁朝。萧统2岁被立为太子,未及即位而卒,谥昭明,世称昭明太子。萧统对文学颇有研究,招集文人学士,广集古今书籍3万卷,编集成《文选》30卷。《文选》是中国古代第一部文学作品选集,选编了先秦至梁以前的各种文体代表作品,对后世有较大影响。旧时读书人有“《文选》烂,秀才半”的说法。“事出于沉思,义归乎翰藻”的选文准则,为后世推崇。原有集,已散佚,后人辑有《昭明太子集》。
  著名的佛教大乘经典《金刚经》,其中「三十二分则」的编辑,即是昭明太子所作。原本长篇连贯的经文,经过他整理成为容易传诵理解的三十二个分则,各段并补充浓缩精要的副标题。
  萧统少时即有才气,且深通礼仪,性情纯孝仁厚。他十六岁时,母亲病重,他就从东宫搬到永福省他 母亲的住处,朝夕侍疾,衣木解带。母亲去世后,他悲切欲绝,饮食俱废。他父亲几次下旨劝逼,才勉强进食,但仍只肯吃水果、肉食。他本来身材健壮,等守丧出 服后已变得羸瘦不堪,官民们看了,无不感动落泪。萧统极富于同情心。他12岁时,去观看审判犯人,他仔细研究案卷之后,说:“这人的过情有可原,我来判决 可以吗?”刑官答应了,于是他就作了从轻的判决。事后,刑官向梁武帝萧衍汇报了情况,萧衍听了连连点头微笑,对儿子的宽厚表示嘉许。以至于以后大臣们想从 宽处理某人时就故意拉上萧统,让他来判决。梁普通年间,由于战争爆发,京城粮价大涨。萧统就命令东宫的人员减衣缩食,每逢雨雪天寒,就派人把省下来的衣食 拿去救济难民。他在主管军服事务时,每年都要多做三千件衣服,冬天分发给贫民。正因为萧统太子具有这些高尚的品质,才赢得了当世和后世人普遍爱戴和尊敬。
  萧统酷爱读书,记忆力极强。他的东宫里藏书近三万卷、“名才并集,文学之盛,晋宋以来未之有 也。”他读书时,“数行并下,过目皆忆”。因而他虽年龄不大,却博览群书,学贯古今。他更喜欢“引纳才学之士,赏爱无倦”。所以他身边团结了一大批有学识 的知识分子,经常在一起“恒自讨论‘坟’、‘籍’,或与学士商榷古今。”学习之余,他就从事文章著述。他治学严谨刻苦,无论冬夏,笔耕不掇。
  萧统有很高的文学才华和鉴赏能力,他的著作有《文集》20卷,典诰类的《正序》10卷,五言诗 《英华集》20卷,编选历代诗文而成的总集《文选》30卷。可惜这位英华绝代的太子,在公元531年3月游园时,乘船去采摘芙蓉花,不幸掉入湖中,摔伤了 胯骨,又耽误了治疗,病情恶化而死去,终年31岁。他死后的谥号为“昭明”,故此世人称之为昭明太子,他所编选的“文选”就称做《昭明文选》。
  萧统从小就非常聪明,酷爱看书。据说他5岁就读遍儒家的经典,对于书上的文字,可以数行同时时过目,然后,还能把书上的内容给你说得一清二楚。萧统后来信奉佛学,写得一手好文章。
  萧统不但自己好生了得,还结交了不少和他一样聪慧、有才华、有见识、博览群书的知识分子。他又 把自己的太子宫搞成一个庞大的藏书殿,收集了本朝以前三万多卷书籍。这样,围绕太子萧统,形成了一个“名才并集”的文学中心。一大批“才学之士”出入于太 子东宫,漫游在书海之中,他们谈论古典作品,探讨古今书籍,在这样一个良好的研究文章著述的环境中,在朋们达到一致共识的基础上,面对古代典籍繁多、后人 难以尽读的问题,萧统有条件编纂了《文选》。
  《文选》共30卷,分38类,700余篇诗文作品,是一部起自周代、迄于梁朝的文学总集。因为是世称“昭明太子”的萧统所编选,所以后人又把《文选》叫做《昭明文选》。
  《文选》究竟选些什么,不选什么,萧统是动了一番脑筋的。这时的萧统已经初步注意到文学作品与其他类型著作的区别,因而也可以说,《文选》是现存最早的诗文选集。
  首先,宣传道德的圣贤经书不选;以思辨为核心的诸子哲学著作不选;对于以纪事为主的史书,则只略选其中颇有文学辞藻和风采的论赞部分,其余有关史事因果的描述,都不选人。
  萧统认为文章应该“丽而不浮,典而不野”。其所选的作品,都应是“事出于沉思,义归乎翰藻”,也就是经过作者的深思熟虑而又文辞华美的作品,才能够被辑入《文选》。可见萧统在文学上即注重内容,又要求形式,是文质并重的。
  由于《文选》注意文采,所以,不少优秀诗文都因为《文选》的生命力而得以流传、保存到了今天, 所以说,《文选》是研究梁以前文学的重要参考资料。较有见地的是,对于当时盛行内容空虚的华文艳诗,《文选》却一概不选。当然,有些好的诗文,由于缺乏 《文选》所强调的骈倔、华藻而未能被收进《文选》,这是当时文坛的风气乃至《文选》风格所决定的,使不少后来的学人感到点点遗憾。
  《文选》一问世,便受到普遍的欢迎。随着人们阅读《文选》的需求,后来有不少学者为它作注。唐 朝显庆年间,李善搜集了很多资料,把《文选》分为60卷进行了注释,为后人提供了较有价值的研习余地。自李善注本产生后,《文选》得到广泛的流传。唐朝开 元年间,又有吕延济、刘良、张铣、吕向、李周翰五人合注《文选》,称“五臣注”。不过它只着重解释字句,与李善注有所不同。 《昭明文选》对后代文学的影响很大。唐以后文人往往把它当作学习文学的首选教材。唐代著名诗人杜甫就曾要求儿子“熟读文选理”。宋代陆游也提出民间有“ 《文选》烂,秀才半”的谚语,就是说熟读《文选》,也就差不多是半个秀才了。后人受《文选》的启发,出现了不少较好的文学选本。
  姚思廉-->梁书-->列传第二 《昭明太子 哀太子 愍怀太子》之昭明太子篇
  昭明太子统,字德施,高祖长子也。母曰丁贵嫔。初,高祖未有男,义师起,太子以齐中兴元年九月 生于襄阳。高祖既受禅,有司奏立储副,高祖以天下始定,百度多阙,未之许也。群臣固请,天监元年十一月,立为皇太子。时太子年幼,依旧居于内,拜东宫官属 文武,皆入直永福省。
  太子生而聪睿,三岁受《孝经》、《论语》,五岁遍读五经,悉能讽诵。五年五月庚戌,始出居东 宫。太子性仁孝,自出宫,恒思恋不乐。高祖知之,每五日一朝,多便留永福省,或五日三日乃还宫。八年九月,于寿安殿讲《孝经》,尽通大义。讲毕,亲临释奠 于国学。十四年正月朔旦,高祖临轩,冠太子于太极殿。旧制,太子著远游冠,金蝉翠緌缨;至是,诏加金博山。
  太子美姿貌,善举止。读书数行并下,过目皆忆。每游宴祖道,赋诗至十数韵。或命作剧韵赋之,皆 属思便成,无所点易。高祖大弘佛教,亲自讲说;太子亦崇信三宝,遍览众经。乃于宫内别立慧义殿,专为法集之所。招引名僧,谈论不绝。太子自立三谛、法身 义,并有新意。普通元年四月,甘露降于慧义殿,咸以为至德所感焉。
  三年十一月,始兴王憺薨。旧事,以东宫礼绝傍亲,书翰并依常仪。太子意以为疑,命仆射刘孝绰议 其事。孝绰议曰:“案张镜撰《东宫仪记》,称‘三朝发哀者,逾月不举乐;鼓吹寝奏,服限亦然’。寻傍绝之义,义在去服,服虽可夺,情岂无悲?铙歌辍奏,良 亦为此。既有悲情,宜称兼慕,卒哭之后,依常举乐,称悲竟,此理例相符。谓犹应称兼慕,至卒哭。”仆射徐勉、左率周舍、家令陆襄并同孝绰议。太子令曰:“ 张镜《仪记》云‘依《士礼》,终服月称慕悼’。又云‘凡三朝发哀者,逾月不举乐’。刘仆射议,云‘傍绝之义,义在去服,服虽可夺,情岂无悲,卒哭之后,依 常举乐,称悲竟,此理例相符’。寻情悲之说,非止卒哭之后,缘情为论,此自难一也。用张镜之举乐,弃张镜之称悲,一镜之言,取舍有异,此自难二也。陆家令 止云‘多历年所’,恐非事证;虽复累稔所用,意常未安。近亦常经以此问外,由来立意,谓犹应有慕悼之言。张岂不知举乐为大,称悲事小;所以用小而忽大,良 亦有以。至如元正六佾,事为国章;虽情或未安,而礼不可废。铙吹军乐,比之亦然。书疏方之,事则成小,差可缘心。声乐自外,书疏自内,乐自他,书自己。刘 仆射之议,即情未安。可令诸贤更共详衷。”司农卿明山宾、步兵校尉朱异议,称“慕悼之解,宜终服月”。于是令付典书遵用,以为永准。
  七年十一月,贵嫔有疾,太子还永福省,朝夕侍疾,衣不解带。及薨,步从丧还宫,至殡,水浆不入 口,每哭辄恸绝。高祖遣中书舍人顾协宣旨曰:“毁不灭性,圣人之制。《礼》,不胜丧比于不孝。有我在,那得自毁如此!可即强进饮食。”太子奉敕,乃进数 合。自是至葬,日进麦粥一升。高祖又敕曰:“闻汝所进过少,转就羸瘵。我比更无余病,正为汝如此,胸中亦圮塞成疾。故应强加饘粥,不使我恒尔悬心。”虽屡 奉敕劝逼,日止一溢,不尝菜果之味。体素壮,腰带十围,至是减削过半。每入朝,士庶见者莫不下泣。
  太子自加元服,高祖便使省万机,内外百司,奏事者填塞于前。太子明于庶事,纤毫必晓,每所奏有谬误及巧妄,皆即就辩析,示其可否,徐令改正,未尝弹纠一人。平断法狱,多所全宥,天下皆称仁。
  性宽和容众,喜愠不形于色。引纳才学之士,赏爱无倦。恒自讨论篇籍,或与学士商榷古今;闲则继以文章著述,率以为常。于时东宫有书几三万卷,名才并集,文学之盛,晋、宋以来未之有也。
  性爱山水,于玄圃穿筑,更立亭馆,与朝士名素者游其中。尝泛舟后池,番禺侯轨盛称“此中宜奏女乐。”太子不答,咏左思《招隐诗》曰:“何必丝与竹,山水有清音。”侯惭而止。出宫二十余年,不畜声乐。少时,敕赐太乐女妓一部,略非所好。
  普通中,大军北讨,京师谷贵,太子因命菲衣减膳,改常馔为小食。每霖雨积雪,遣腹心左右,周行闾巷,视贫困家,有流离道路,密加振赐。又出主衣绵帛,多作襦袴,冬月以施贫冻。若死亡无可以敛者,为备棺槥。每闻远近百姓赋役勤苦,辄敛容色。常以户口未实,重于劳扰。
  吴兴郡屡以水灾失收,有上言当漕大渎以泻浙江。中大通二年春,诏遣前交州刺史王弁假节,发吴 郡、吴兴、义兴三郡民丁就役。太子上疏曰:“伏闻当发王弁等上东三郡民丁,开漕沟渠,导泄震泽,使吴兴一境,无复水灾,诚矜恤之至仁,经略之远旨。暂劳永 逸,必获后利。未萌难睹,窃有愚怀。所闻吴兴累年失收,民颇流移。吴郡十城,亦不全熟。唯义兴去秋有稔,复非常役之民。即日东境谷稼犹贵,劫盗屡起,在所 有司,不皆闻奏。今征戍未归,强丁疏少,此虽小举,窃恐难合,吏一呼门,动为民蠹。又出丁之处,远近不一,比得齐集,已妨蚕农。去年称为豊岁,公私未能足 食;如复今兹失业,虑恐为弊更深。且草窃多伺候民间虚实,若善人从役,则抄盗弥增,吴兴未受其益,内地已罹其弊。不审可得权停此功,待优实以不?圣心垂矜 黎庶,神量久已有在。臣意见庸浅,不识事宜,苟有愚心,愿得上启。”高祖优诏以喻焉。
  太子孝谨天至,每入朝,未五鼓便守城门开。东宫虽燕居内殿,一坐一起,恒向西南面台。宿被召当入,危坐达旦。
  三年三月,寝疾。恐贻高祖忧,敕参问,辄自力手书启。及稍笃,左右欲启闻,犹不许,曰“云何令至尊知我如此恶”,因便呜咽。四月乙巳薨,时年三十一。高祖幸东宫,临哭尽哀。诏敛以衮冕。谥曰昭明。五月庚寅,葬安宁陵。诏司徒左长史王筠为哀册文曰:
  蜃辂俄轩,龙骖跼步;羽翿前驱,云旂北御。皇帝哀继明之寝耀,痛嗣德之殂芳;御武帐而凄恸,临甲观而增伤。式稽令典,载扬鸿烈;诏撰德于旌旒,永传徽于舞缀。其辞曰:
  式载明两,实惟少阳;既称上嗣,且曰元良。仪天比峻,俪景腾光;奏祀延福,守器传芳。睿哲膺期,旦暮斯在;外弘庄肃,内含和恺。识洞机深,量苞瀛海;立德不器,至功弗宰。宽绰居心,温恭成性,循时孝友,率由严敬。咸有种德,惠和齐圣;三善递宣,万国同庆。
  轩纬掩精,阴牺弛极;缠哀在疚,殷忧衔恤。孺泣无时,蔬饘不溢;禫遵逾月,哀号未毕。实惟监抚,亦嗣郊禋;问安肃肃,视膳恂恂。金华玉璪,玄驷班轮;隆家干国,主祭安民。光奉成务,万机是理;矜慎庶狱,勤恤关市。诚存隐恻,容无愠喜;殷勤博施,绸缪恩纪。
  爰初敬业,离经断句;奠爵崇师,卑躬待傅。宁资导习,匪劳审谕;博约是司,时敏斯务。辨究空 微,思探几赜;驰神图纬,研精爻画。沈吟典礼,优游方册;餍饫膏腴,含咀肴核。括囊流略,包举艺文;遍该缃素,殚极丘坟。绩帙充积,儒墨区分;瞻河阐训, 望鲁扬芬。吟咏性灵,岂惟薄伎;属词婉约,缘情绮靡。字无点窜,笔不停纸;壮思泉流,清章云委。
  总览时才,网罗英茂;学穷优洽,辞归繁富。或擅谈丛,或称文囿;四友推德,七子惭秀。望苑招贤,华池爱客;托乘同舟,连舆接席。摛文扌炎藻,飞纻泛干;恩隆置醴,赏逾赐璧。徽风遐被,盛业日新;仁器非重,德輶易遵。泽流兆庶,福降百神;四方慕义,天下归仁。
  云物告徵,祲沴褰象;星霾恒耀,山颓朽壤。灵仪上宾,德音长往;具僚无廕,谘承安仰。呜呼哀哉!
  皇情悼愍,切心缠痛;胤嗣长号,跗萼增恸。慕结亲游,悲动氓众;忧若殄邦,惧同折栋。呜呼哀哉!
  首夏司开,麦秋纪节;容卫徒警,菁华委绝。书幌空张,谈筵罢设;虚馈饣蒙饛,孤灯翳翳。呜呼哀哉!
  简辰请日,筮合龟贞。幽埏夙启,玄宫献成。武校齐列,文物增明。昔游漳滏,宾从无声;今归郊郭,徒御相惊。呜呼哀哉!
  背绛阙以远徂,轥青门而徐转;指驰道而讵前,望国都而不践。陵修阪之威夷,溯平原之悠缅;骥蹀足以酸嘶,挽凄锵而流泫。呜呼哀哉!
  混哀音于箫籁,变愁容于天日;虽夏木之森阴,返寒林之萧瑟。既将反而复疑,如有求而遂失;谓天地其无心,遽永潜于容质。呜呼哀哉!
  即玄宫之冥漠,安神寝之清飐;传声华于懋典,观德业于徽谥。悬忠贞于日月,播鸿名于天地;惟小臣之纪言,实含毫而无愧。呜呼哀哉!
  太子仁德素著,及薨,朝野惋愕。京师男女,奔走宫门,号泣满路。四方氓庶,及疆徼之民,闻丧皆恸哭。所著文集二十卷;又撰古今典诰文言,为《正序》十卷;五言诗之善者,为《文章英华》二十卷;《文选》三十卷。
  下面是关于萧统的传说:
  那棵树应该是在无锡顾山。我却一直以为在嘉兴西塘。像张爱玲对英格兰和法兰西颠倒了印象一样,对昭明太子萧统手植的红豆树所在的位置,我一直无法纠正自己错误的认识。就像一千四百多年前萧郎和慧娘的一见钟情,明知是错了,也只有一路错下去。
  应该是杏花烟雨的江南,春草漫过河堤的时节发生的爱情。原谅我们说相遇,今人或古人,所有的缠绵悱恻都愿和烟雨、江南沾染丝丝缕缕的联系。
  真的是大俗,可是仔细思量着,却又大雅。当中自有一番刚硬的道理在,不尽是文人骚客,痴男怨女的婉转凄凉。
  老子说:“上善若水,水善利万物而不争。”是说水的因时因势而起,无为而为。水是至柔至刚之物,来去自如,滋养万物,亦同佛家说“缘起缘灭”,总不强求万物羁留,动则氤氲有致风生云起,静则坚毅如山石。至于人和人之间的情缘来去,用什么形容也不如水贴切。
  人一旦爱了,一颗心就能百转千回,像江南水乡的小河道,弯弯曲曲间衍出无数缠绵来;一旦不爱了,亦有黄河之水天上来的决裂和汹涌。
  现在,我们回到他们相遇的时刻,去见证那场烟花的绽放。那一天,他许是腻了宫娥翠袖,腻了丝竹 箜篌,腻了伏案编书。他出游,信马由缰,到郊外寻花问柳。那可是真的寻花问柳,他是一等一的才子,从小天资聪敏,过目不忘,来顾山隐居是为了编集《昭明文 选》,不似乾隆下江南的附庸风雅。
  走到一条清溪边,他觉得口渴起来,正好迎风送来茶香,抬头看见前面一座小小的茶坊,他便信步走了进去。那当垆卖茶的女子闻声转过身来。但见她云鬓乌黑,生得面若桃花,穿着布衣也难掩风流,他心里一喜。那茶,未曾喝到嘴边,却已先浸得人眼明心亮。
  她捧了一盏茶过来,浅笑盈盈。这一笑,似已耗尽一生等待。她与他正像白娘子与许仙西湖初遇,相逢却似曾相识,未曾相识已相思。
  他们这场相遇叫我想起了一段绝美的台词,那段话是这样说——
  野花迎风飘摆,好像是在倾诉衷肠;绿草凄凄抖动,如无尽的缠绵依恋;初绿的柳枝轻拂悠悠碧水……看这一江春水,看这清溪桃花,看这如黛青山,都没有丝毫改变,也不知我新婚一夜就别离的妻子是否依旧红颜?
  对面来的是谁家女子,生得满面春光,美丽非凡!
  这位姑娘,请你停下美丽的脚步,你可知自己犯下什么样的错误?
  这位官人,明明是你的马蹄踢翻了我的竹篮,你看这宽阔的道路直通蓝天,你却非让这可恶的畜生溅起我满身泥点,怎么反倒怪罪是我的错误?
  你的错误就是美若天仙,你婀娜的身姿让我的手不听使唤,你蓬松的乌发涨满了我的眼帘,看不见道路山川,只是漆黑一片;你明艳的面颊让我胯下的这头畜生倾倒,竟忘记了他的主人是多么威严。
  春花软柳,佳人如玉,我想,昭明的心旌摇曳也应该和剧中人一样。
  此后,他便天天来,有时也着宫使接了她,去他的读书台上。他已经遣散了身边的宫娥,她就成了灯 下伴读添香的红袖,在他疲累时奉上香茶一盏,那是虎跑泉的水沏出的清冽情意。有时,她也会启丹唇为他弹唱解乏,吴侬软语,一曲歌毕,他不禁叹道:“有此清 歌做伴,何必丝竹污耳呢?”又一笑,“有慧如相伴,何用姬妾成群?”
  她明白他是借机向自己表明心迹。她笑笑,带着低低地哀伤:“萧郎……你是太子,这是无可奈何之事。”
  萧统也笑了。他仿佛永远考虑不到这点,体察不到她的忧伤一般,抚着她的眉说:“我是太子,慧如,我是太子,你要信我。”
  她点头,眼中凝聚着难以化解的忧伤。不是她不相信他,只是身份地位太过悬殊,宗教礼法的桎梏,由不得她去妄自天真。
  待到《文选》编顶杀青,他终于要回京去。临别马上,他仍是豪情不减,手指远方道:“慧如,来日我要凤笙龙管,紫盖香车迎你回京。”
  她站在马下凄凄地望向他,无语凝噎。半晌才轻轻地取出一物放在萧统掌心,道:“昔有妇人滴泪成血,化做相思豆,今以一双红豆付君,若君早归,妾当免于此厄,不然,日后……望你见豆如见人吧。”
  他就此别去,归来杳杳无期。果不出慧娘所料,世事绝没有他想的那样简单,他要娶她,遭致的何止一方责难?他是太子也一样,他大,大过平民百姓,大不过礼法森严如天。
  “宫门一如深似海,从此萧郎是路人。”怀着寒微无路扣金门的凄伤,慧娘相思成疾,当他再来时,已是红颜零落青草稀了。
  萧统并无哀哭嚎叫,只亲手栽下两颗红豆,黯然回京。回京后一病不起,数月之后,薨逝。
  这应该是传说,可是哀艳妩媚之处不下于任何正史书纪的贞男烈女,而且精诚所至,天地精气亦有感知,萧统手植的两株红豆树,数百年后倏然合抱,树干并为一体,上枝仍分为二。
  唐人王维从江阴过,见此树心有所感,作著名的《红豆》诗,流传天下——
  红豆生南国, 春来发几枝,愿君多采撷,此物最相思。
  我已无从揣测王维所谓相思,是相爱之思,还是故国故园之思。还有,这首诗是王维写给谁的。不过无从揣测也表示可以有无限揣测,如果一定有这个人,我希望是那个曾经在他生命里出现的唐朝公主。很多年后他对她说,当时我不得不走,因为再差一步,我就要陷入爱情。
  只差一步,是相思,而不是相爱,感情如尘埃,就是这样的细致入微。
  他是聪明且珍重的,自知爱不起她,一个心里只有薛绍的公主。也许看到红豆,他想起昭明太子和慧娘,亦想起自己和太平公主,都是心有遗憾的感情。
  《红楼梦》里宝玉的红豆曲唱得好:“滴不尽相思血泪抛红豆……”那时节已是清朝。看呐,王维的诗就这样传下来,致使后人以红豆寄相思,竟成了约定俗成的风习。好的诗就有这样感人的效力和功用。
  不过世人对好的东西亦苛刻。流传愈广,就代表接触的人越多,愈要能有所延深和拓展。应该是“要一奉十”,经得起揣摩摔打。不止是文学名著,连情诗也要有这个气度雅量。
  “安史之乱”中,著名乐师李龟年在长沙唱王维红豆诗,已遥遥有思念故国之意,战乱流离让人们少了隽永缠绵,多了深重的现实哀思。杜甫作“红豆啄馀鹦鹉粒,碧梧栖老凤凰枝”,亦有此意。中唐以后,“红豆”两字的涵义由单纯地指代爱情,渐渐延伸为故国故园之思。
  到了明末清初,满人入关,汉人为民族气节所激引,这样的意象更为清晰。明遗民诗中不仅“红豆” 从象征男女相思引申到故国之思,连“南国”、“碧梧”、“相思”等语汇亦转而象征与满清对立的南明政权。如明末钱谦益借注杜诗《江南逢李龟年》寄托南望永 历之情,并以“一别正思红豆子,双栖终向碧梧枝”隐喻对柳如是的别后思念,那一缕隐微幽曲的故国之思也是昭然若见的。
  从昭明太子到王维,从钱谦益到曹雪芹,从曹雪芹到如今。红豆树,红豆诗,红豆词,红豆曲,红豆歌……从无断竭。
  我们,生生世世说相思,犹未厌倦满足。是贪恋也好啊。因着人世无常,众生有情,我尚未为你红豆熬成缠绵的伤口,美景良辰未赏透,怎么能就此放手?


  XiaoTong little time that is talented and deep through ritual, temperament Suetaka generosity. He was 16 years old, his mother was seriously ill, he moved to Vinh Phuc province from the Orient House, the residence of his mother, paternity overnight disease, carrying a wooden clothes. Mother's death, he feels very mournful, eating all waste. Decreed urge to force his father several times, barely eating, but still only willing to eat fruits and meat. He could build robust, such as mourning after a service has become Leishou unbearable, officials and people who read, are all moved to tears. Xiao Tong a highly sympathetic. He was 12 years old, to watch the trial prisoners, who files after careful study, said: "It's been forgiven, I'll sentence you?" Xing Guan promised, and he made the lighter the sentence. Afterwards, Xing Guan Xiao yan reported to the situation, Xiao Yan heard repeatedly nod and smile, said his son's generous recognition. So after the ministers want to leniency when a person deliberately linked together Tong, to sentence him. Beam normal years, due to the outbreak of war, Beijing prices rose. Xiao Tong on the command staff of the Orient House by reduced food clothing, every Yuxue Tian Han, the savings on food and clothing sent to Naqu relief of refugees. He is in charge of uniform matters, each year 3,000 more clothes in winter, for distribution to the poor. Because of Xiao Tong, Prince with these high quality, only after winning the world when the world and universal love and respect.
  Xiao Tong loves reading, memory strong. Orient House in his last three rolls of books, "Name it and set, literature Sheng, Jin has also been not of." He read, "the number line and the next, a look at all recalls." Although age, so he is not, it read, learned through past and present. He prefers "drawing people in Namibia scholarship, love without reward weary." So he united around a large number of educated intellectuals, often with the "Hang from the discussion of 'grave', 'nationality', or discussion with the Bachelor of ancient and modern." Learn and he would engage in article writing. His meticulous scholarship hard, both summer and winter, do not drop-pen.
  Xiao Tong, not only exceedingly amazing, also like him make a lot of intelligent, talented, knowledgeable, well read intellectual. He gets himself in too womb into an house a large collection of books, collected more than 30,000 volumes of the books before the DPRK. In this way, around the Prince Edward Tong, forming a "name it and set" literary center. A large number of "knowledge, people in" out of the Prince of Orient House, roaming among the sea of books, they talk about the classical works of ancient and modern books, in such a good research paper writing environment, the friends have reached a consensus basis, the face of many ancient texts, later generations to make reading difficult problems, Xiao Tong conditional compilation of the "Anthology."
  First, the promotion of moral sage scriptures do not choose; to speculative philosophical works as the core of thinkers not vote; mainly for the history books by Chronicle, only quite a little election in which rhetoric and style of literary praise some of the other things the history of description of cause and effect are not candidates.
  Prince born Cong Rui, three years old by the "Book of Filial Piety," "The Analects of Confucius", five times reading the Five Classics, learned to chanting. Geng-Xu five years in May, before the home Orient House. Prince of Rensiao, since the eviction, constant Silian not happy. Emperor know of, each on the 5th and once more they stay Vinh Phuc province, is also on the 3rd or the 5th house. Eight years in September, life safety in the house say "Book of Filial Piety", although through righteousness. Bi speaking, in person hold the essence of the Chinese culture. 14 New Moon in the first month once, Gao Zu Lin Xuan, crown prince in Taiji Dian. The old system, the Faraway Travel crown prince, cicada Rui Ying Tsui; to that, Chao Jia Jinbo Hill.
  Three years in November, Siheung Wang Rui pass away. Old things, to Orient House ceremony must Pong pro, book by John and regular meter. Prince agreed that the suspect, ordered Pushe Liu Xiaochuo meeting being to. Xiao spacious meeting said: "Case Zhang Mirror Writing" Orient House instrument in mind, "said 'dynasties made of sorrow, more than month do not move music; advocate sleep outs, service limit is no different'. Find absolutely beside righteousness to the righteousness of clothing, Although the service can be won, no sadness love Qi? Rao songs cease playing, good also for this. both sadness and Mu Yi said, Zuku after often cited by music, said the sad actually, this line management cases. that still and Mu should be said, to Zuku. "Pushe Xu Mian, left the rate Zhou homes, homes that Lu Xiang Xiao spacious meeting with. Prince Edward to make said: "Zhang Mirror" instrument record "cloud 'by" Shi Li, "Mu said Mourning on the final service'. Others but know yourself 'Where dynasties made of sorrow, more than music on do not move'. Liu Pu She proposed, cloud ' Pong never meaning, meaning to serve in, although service can be won, no sad feeling Qi, Zu Ku, the often cited by music, said the sad actually, the reason patients in line '. find love tragedy of that, after non-stop Zuku , Emotion as the theory, this self-difficult one too. with Zhang mirror move music, disposable sheets mirror called grief, a mirror of words, choices are different, this self-difficult two also. Miss home so that only the clouds 'and more over the years', Kong Fei facts and evidence; although tired Nim complex used, meaning often not safe. Near offenders are usually asked by this, the origins of conception, that still should have the words Mu condolences. CHEUNG not know that music for the big move, said the sad thing is small; it is therefore small but suddenly a large, good to have. to such element is 6-yi, a matter for the state chapter; though intelligence or security, while the ceremony is indispensable. Nao blowing martial music, no different than the. written the sparse side, things are as small , just like the edge of heart. vocal self, the self-thinning within the book, music from him, and the book itself. Liu Pushe the proposal, that the situation is not safe. can make more of Long wholehearted Wise Men. "Sinong Qing Ming Shan Bin, infantry XiaoWei Zhu objection, saying "Mu Mourning the solution, should the final service month." This will allow the payment of compliance with the Code book that never associate.
  Sexual landscape, in the mysterious garden built through more legislation Pavilion Hall, and travel towards persons who were among factors. After the taste of boating pool, track, Panyu Hou Sheng said, "there is a world women should play music." Prince did not answer, Yong Zuo Si "Hermit in the poem," said: "Why silk and bamboo, landscapes are voiceless." Hou ashamed shelling ceased. The eviction of more than twenty years, no animal vocal. Is low, the Chici too happy a female prostitute, slightly non-likes.
  Wu Xing county to flood repeatedly lost income, there Shangyan when the canal to diarrhea Zhejiang big ditch. Chase two years in the spring, before severance pay prefectural governor Wang Chao Bian false section, made Wu Jun, Wu Xing, the small people on the labor Yising third districts. Prince Edward Shang Shu said: "Fu Wen Wang Bian such as fat people on the East dating from the Wei Ding, open trough drains, vent Zhenze guide to Wuxing an environment, no complex flood, the Most Gracious Cheng Jin Xu, slightly away by the purpose. Yong Yi temporary workers, will be after the profit. is not difficult to see Meng, stealing a stupid pregnant. Wuxing Leinian heard lost revenue, people move quite flow. Wujun 10 cities, is not fully cooked. CD Yising last fall with Nim, Battle of the people is very complex. today throughout the East Valley Jia still expensive, Jiedao repeated, the Secretary in all, not all press play. this expedition failed to return, less powerful small sparse, this is a small move, theft of converting combined, Riichi call gate, dynamic people beetles. Also out of the office small, near and far different than was gathered, has been harm sericulturist. last year, called the Feng-year-old, public and private not enough food; if this is hereby re unemployment, a deeper consideration for fear of harm. and stealing more than wait on grass civil actual situation, if the good man from the reserve, then copied by unauthorized Mi, Wuxing were not their interests, the Mainland has been suffering its drawbacks. no right to stop this trial can be successful, to be superior to non-real? Sacred Heart hanging pity Li Shu, God has been at capacity for a long time. Chen Yong shallow opinion, did not know, will the GOU has stupid heart, willing to get on Kai. "emperor Youzhaoyiyu Yan.
  Prince Xiao like days to each entry into, not the porter, Ng Kwu will open. Orient House despite Oscillation Inner Temple, a sitting together, constant platform to the southwest. When places were called in, sat on Titan.
  Type set out in two, but really Shaoyang; both said the heir, and Yue-Yuan Liang. Miriam days than Jun, Li-Jing Teng light; playing worship Yan-fu, the Mass Shou Fang. Rui-Ying period, Dan Mu Si in; outside Hong Zhuang Su, content and Kai. Know deep hole machine, amount of shell Yinghai; Lide not devices, to power Eph slaughter. Lavish motives, temperature Christine by nature, filial piety through time, rate of serious respect. Salt a kind of moral, Hui and Qi San; three good delivery promotion, celebrations throughout the nations.
  Overview only, the quest for the British-mao; Science poor excellent contact, speech go Shigetomi. Or good at talking about bundle, or culture limited; four friends pushed Germany, Seven ashamed show. Wang Yuan Jobs, Huachi love off; care by the same boat, I even take public opinion. Into Yu Wen Yan algae rolling, flying Zhu Pan-dry; Enron home sweet wine, tours of more than give Bi. Hui Feng ya been, Sheng Industry Nisshin; Jen device non-heavy, easy to follow German Chronicles. Ze Zhao Shu-stream, blessing of God descending 100; 4 Fangmu Yi, the world Qui Nhon.
  Division opened the first summer, Harvest is discipline section; Yung Wei only police, essence Committee must. Sapporo Air Chang book, On the feast stop located; virtual feed Shi Meng Meng, Gu Deng nebula nebula. Blown from the water!
  Anaphalis mix a tone on the flute, changed sad in the light of day; though the forest shade of summer woods, back to the bleak Hanlin. Instead, both will be re doubt, if demand and thus lost; that the world its intention, suddenly Yung Wing potential in quality. Blown from the water!
  Here is Xiao Tong legend:
  Really, Vulgar, but with careful consideration, but Taiga. Own rigid sense among some in, not the poets, poet, mad men and Maid of mildly miserable.
  Now, we return to the moment they met, to witness the fireworks That bloom. That day, he is tired of Gongecuixiu Xu, tired of the string and wind harp, tired of the desk textbooks. He trips, Xinmayoujiang, to the outskirts of whoring. But it really whoring, he is the number one wit a young age talented Never forget to care for the compilation mountain retreat is "Ode to the" do not like Qianlong down the south of the arty.
  This encounter reminded me of them for some stunning lines, that part is what he wrote -
  The girl, please stop beautiful feet, you know what kind of mistakes they have committed?
  Liu Chunhua soft, beautiful woman jade, I think the Xin Jing Zhao Ming and the dramatis personae should be the same as swinging.
  Xiao Tong laughed. He seemed never to consider less than this, observe the general sadness than her, stroking her eyebrows, said: "I am a prince, and wisdom as I was Prince, you have to believe me."
  She stood under the desolately to look to his horse, no Yuning choking. A long while before gently remove the one thing on the palm of Xiao Tong, said: "Xi You woman tears into the blood drops, overtaken Xiangsi Dou, this pair of red beans to pay for monarch, if the monarch returned early, eyes as from the Ecuador, or in the future ... ... hope you see the beans as see who it. "
  Xiao Tong is no weeping cries, only personally planted two red beans and had to return to Beijing. Returned to Beijing after a terminal, a few months after the death of a prince died.
  Health and southern red beans, spring hair Ji Zhi, like multi-Jun pick, this material most Acacia.
  He is smart and treasure, and knew that love could not afford her, a heart just Xue Shao princess. May see red beans, he thought of the Prince and Hui Niang, also remembered that he and the Princess Taiping, they share a certain feeling of regret.
  "Rebellion", the famous musicians singing in Changsha turtle Li Wei red bean poem, has been distant homeland has missed the meaning, the war displaced people to less Meaningful touching, more profound reality of grief. Du Fu as a "red bean parrots pecking at the remaining particles, Biwu Habitat old Phoenix Chi," has this meaning. In the Tang Dynasty, "beans," the meaning of the word to refer to love, from simple, and gradually extend to old country hometown of thinking.
  Our lifetimes, that Acacia is still unknown tired of meeting. Is also eager for Well. Died because of impermanence, sentient beings, I have not revolve your red beans lingering wounds, beauty Auspicious not reward through, how can this let go?
    

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