后赵 人物列表
石勒 Dan Le石弘 Dan Hong石虎 Dan Hu
石世 Dan Shi石遵 Dan Zun石鉴 Dan Jian
石祗 Dan Zhi石邪 Dan Xie石㔨邪 Dan Beixie
侯子光 Hou Ziguang
石虎 Dan Hu
后赵  (295年349年)
姓:
名:
字: 季龙
网笔号: 武皇帝
庙号: 太祖
籍贯: 上党武乡县
陵墓: 显原陵
开端终结
在位334年349年
建武335年348年
太宁349年349年

  石虎,字季龙,生于晋惠帝元康五年(295年),卒于晋穆帝永和五年(349年)。上党武乡县(山西榆社县北)人,石勒的侄儿,十六国时后赵皇帝。
  
  石虎的父亲早逝,从小随母亲生活,由后赵皇帝石勒的父亲抚养,故有人称石虎系石勒之弟。当石勒被拐卖到山东时,石虎随母仍留在山西。此后,由于西晋末年战乱迭起,石虎与石勒失去联系,直到永嘉五年(311年),兄弟二人才得以重新见面。是年,石虎17岁。
  石虎作战英勇,弓马娴熟,深得石勒赞赏,被封为征虏将军。石虎也因此全力以赴为石勒建立后赵政权东征西讨,立下汗马功劳,同时他对汉族采取民族灭绝政策“至于降城陷垒,不复断别善恶,坑斩士女,鲜有遗类。”,严重激化了胡汉矛盾。用石虎后来的话说可谓“端拱指授”、“躬当矢石”。
  石勒称赵王后,封石虎为单于元辅,都督禁卫诸军事,加侍中、开府,后又封为中山公。石勒称帝后,任命石虎为太尉,守尚书令,进封中山王,食邑万户。此时,石虎满以为自己功高他人一等,石勒称帝后必能充任大单于,没想到只被封为单于元辅,大单于之职为石勒之子石弘所得,石虎开始对石勒不满,他曾对子石邃说:”成大赵之业者,我也。大单于之望实在于我,而授黄吻婢几,每一忆此,令人不复能寝食”,并进而产生了石勒死后反叛思想“待主上晏驾之后,不足复留种也”。后赵延熙元年(333年),石勒死,石虎果然尽杀石勒重臣,并派子石邃率军捉拿石勒太子大雅,只缘担心舆论对自己不利,才扶大雅做傀儡皇帝,自任丞相、魏王,掌管后赵实权,并将石勒的文武大臣改做丞相闲职,任用自己亲信功将担任要职。然而,石虎并不以此满足,力图称王称帝。
  面对石虎的侵凌,石勒亲属不甘受辱,曾联兵反抗。先是石勒妻刘氏与子彭城王石堪计谋除石虎,以免后赵国落入石虎手中,造成“养虎自残”的悲剧。针对当时石勒旧巨大多受贬在京外,京城旧属又被石虎死死控制难以起事的状况,准备携王室离京到兖州(山东郓城)以廪丘为根据地,扶石勒子南阳王石恢为盟主,宣太后诏今,号召各地牧守联合起兵从京外发动进攻,讨伐石虎。但由于各种原因,最终计划未成,刘氏、石堪被杀。镇守洛阳的石朗和镇守长安的石生闻讯即联兵起来讨伐石虎,亦被石虎所败。东晋咸康元年(335年),在灭掉石勒子弟的反抗后,石虎自立为王,称大赵王,年号建武,将国都从襄国(河北邢台西南)迁到邺(河北临漳县西南)。同年,石虎将大雅及其弟弟、母亲全部杀死,石勒亲属势力消灭殆尽。咸康三年(337年),石虎改称大赵天王,永和五年(349年)改称赵皇帝,最终取代了石勒赵国。
  石虎称帝后,采取了一系列加强统治的措施。首先加强农业生产。十六国时期,北方战乱不断,农业生产遭到破坏,粮食供应成为统治者能否维持统治的关键问题。为此,石虎采取各种方法屯集粮食。他先派官员带领百姓开展屯田,发展农业生产,“使典农中朗将王典率众万余屯田于海滨”,“自幽州东至白狼,大兴屯田”。屯田外,还注意屯粮,备赈灾荒。将收集到的粮食,依傍河岸建仓储存,减少百姓转运的劳烦。此外,下令犯罪者可以粮赎刑,并将这些粮食储存起来,等到灾年,下令开仓赈民供种,提高农民的生产积极性。如咸康元年(335年)冀州郡遭受冰雹袭击,大秋作物受到极大损害,石虎一面下书自责,一面派御史发水边粮仓的麦子给农民作种子。受害严重地区,农民可以免一年劳役,以便有时间从事田间劳动。同时,针对将刑徒配作劳工大修冶炼、民怨载道的情况,石虎下令“自今罪犯流徙,皆当申奏,不得辄配也。”禁止把罪犯配作大修冶炼,而“京狱见囚,非手杀人,一皆原之。”使一部分囚徒转变为农业生产劳动力,发展粮食生产。此外,为确保生产,石虎仿效历代皇帝,亲自在桑栏梓园耕籍田,对地方官吏不修田地农桑者予以贬斥。长乐、卫国的守宰就因不开耕地、不修农桑受到贬职的处分。
  在发展农业生产的同时,石虎还注重整顿吏治,进一步推广儒家思想,使之成为统治的思想基础。儒家思想从汉武帝开始成为统治者的正统思想被历代尊崇。十六国政权中仰慕汉学、推荐儒教者不少,石赵政权就是其中之一。石勒在位时,曾设置大小学博士,推广儒学。石虎即位,重新设置国子博士、助教,下诏命郡国立《五经》博士,又遣国子博士到洛阳写经,于秘书省校中经,命国子祭酒聂熊注《毂梁春秋》做为学校读本,借以推广儒家思想。
  从三国曹魏开始,吏部选官皆以九品官人法为基础。石虎对之沿用不改,并进一步加强。在他看来,“魏始建九品之制,三年一清定之,虽未尽弘美,亦缙绅之清律,人伦之明镜。”为此,即位之初,他就下令吏部以九品官人法选拔官吏,然后由中书省、门下省宣布名单,被宣布者方可任用为官。诏令同时规定“铨衡不奉行者,御史弹坐以闻。”惩罚那些贪赃枉法、徇私舞弊的选官之官,保证九品官人法的严格执行。他罢免了舞弊枉法的吏部郎中魏奂为庶人,任用亲信做吏部郎中以整顿吏治。针对当时豪强逞势、贿赂公行的状况,石虎选殿中御史李矩为御史中丞,整顿豪强百官,对皇亲国戚的违法行为,石虎亦予以惩治。燕公石斌整日沉溺在狂饮田猎中,对边疆防卫置之不理,石虎得如此事大怒,杖打石斌,并派主书礼仪监管之。石斌不满礼仪的监管,杀死礼仪,石虎即派尚书张离追拿石斌,鞭笞300下,免官归第,同时诛杀石斌亲信十多人。义阳公石鉴镇守关中,加重赋税和劳役,关中百姓怨声载道。石虎闻知后,将石鉴调回京城,另调石苞镇守长安,以安关中民心。经过整顿,吏治有所好转,贪官污吏横行霸道的局面有所改变,连石虎自己也有感触,“ 朕闻良臣如猛兽,高步通衢而豺狼避路,信矣哉。”
  十六国时期,各国战争不断。石虎即位后,首先出兵北线进攻辽西鲜卑段辽。他封王华为渡海将军、桃豹为横海将军从海路率十万军队,陆路由龙骧大将军支雄、冠军将军姚弋统步兵十万做前锋,海陆两路进攻段辽,石虎本人领军做后援。陆路支雄军长驱入蓟,段辽的渔阳(河北蓟县西南)太守马鲍,代(河北蔚县)相张牧、北平(河北遵化)相阳裕、上谷(河北怀来)相侯龛等40余城首领相率投降石虎,段辽逃奔密云山。其左右长史刘群等封府库投降石虎石虎军乘胜追杀,抓获段辽母妻,斩辽军碱千人,段辽单骑逃走。后派子乞特真上表及名马表示臣服。石虎获胜后,将段辽的三千万户迁到内地的雍、司、兖、豫四州,从中选拔了一些有才能的人为官,充实了石赵政权实力。派抚军李农为使持节监督辽西北平军事、守卫东北门户。
  在南线,石虎派夔安为征讨大都督,领兵七万进攻东晋的荆扬。其中石闵军和朱保军分别击败晋军。张贺度军攻陷邾城(湖北黄冈县),晋将黄冲、历阳太守郑进领兵投降,夔安掠东晋民户七万而还。经过南征北战,石虎的势力不断加强,后赵国的盈疆界也不断扩大,鼎盛时有“十州之地”。
  石虎即帝位后,以太子石邃处理尚书上奏之类的一般事务,自己负责选派牧守、祀郊庙、决定征战、刑断等。石邃掌管政务后,整日沉溺于荒淫酒色、骄横无道,游荡田猎。石邃负责处理的尚书奏事因不合石虎心愿,受到石虎的责骂、杖捶,一月之内就有三次。石邃由此非常愤恨,秘谋杀石虎。他曾对中庶子李颜说过要行冒顿之事,让李彦与他同举。此事被石虎发觉,石邃遭到杀生之祸,全家26人,宫臣200余人同时被杀。此后,石虎将石宣立为太子。
  石虎生性残忍,发家前,不仅用残酷的手段先后杀死两位妻子,即使在军队中如果遇到与他一样强健的战士,他会以打猎戏斗为由,借机将对手杀死,以解心头之快;战斗中,对俘获的俘虏,不分好坏,不分男女一律坑杀,很少有俘虏生还。称帝后,本性不改,穷奢极欲,劳民伤财,大肆营建宫殿,百姓的劳役负担超过任何一代。石虎将都城迁到邺后,又特地派人到洛阳将九龙、翁仲、铜驼、飞廉转运到邺装点宫殿。在邺城,石虎又修建台观40多所,又营建长安、洛阳的宫殿,两地服役的人有40多万。为征讨前燕,石虎令司、冀、青、徐、幽、并、雍兼已免除徭役之家五丁取三、四丁取二;为了征讨战争,石虎又命黄河以南四州之内的人民准备南下进攻的装备,要求并、朔、秦、雍准备向西攻讨的物质。各州为石虎征战造兵器的就有 50万人,近100万人口脱离农业在外为石虎服劳役、军役,剩下只有3/10的人口在从事农桑生产。征发来的百姓,动辄遭到杀生之祸。据载,在征调做船夫的17万人中,就有1/3遭杀害。石虎还有意“苦役晋人(汉人)”,扩大胡汉民族矛盾:“时沙门吴进言于季龙曰:‘胡运将衰,晋当复兴,宜苦役晋人以厌其气。’季龙于是使尚书张群发近郡男女十六万,车十万乘,运土筑华林苑及长墙于邺北,广长数十里...........暴风大雨,死者数万人。”这种刻意扩大民族矛盾的做法,进一步埋下了日后民族大屠杀的祸根。
  征调劳役、军役之外,石虎又强令百姓五人出车1乘、牛2头、米15斛、绢10匹,为征战备物,如有违令不征者,以斩论处。在此严酷统治下,百姓只好卖子以充征调,不足者就亲自应征调。沉重的劳役、征调负担,造成石赵国道路上“死者相望”的凄凉境象。
  劳动者在死亡线上挣扎,统治者却是荒淫无度。石虎曾在襄国造太武殿。殿基高2丈8尺,东西75 步,南北65步,全殿饰以漆瓦、金铛、银楹、金柱、珠帘、玉壁,极尽华丽之能是。为打猎需要,石虎派司虞中朗将贾霸车工匠四千人,在东平的罔山造猎车千乘。这种猎车辕长三丈,高1丈8尺,置高1丈7尺;同时造格兽车40乘,车上又加建二层楼。猎场南起荥阳、东到阳都,派有御史管理,不允许百姓打猎场内的禽兽,如有违者,罪至大辟。御史又仗势欺人,擅弄威权。民间有美女、好的牛马,如果求之不得,就诬谄其犯猎兽罪而遭大辟,百姓死者无数。石虎还滥增女官二十四等,东宫设官十二等,公侯诸国70有余,设女官九等。民间20岁以下,13岁以上的三万多女子被征,分为三等之弟配给官吏。郡县官吏又仗御旨,在人之妻九千余人,致使一些不甘受欺的妇女不得不自杀亡身。统治者穷奢极欲,百姓聊天生路,石赵国阶级矛盾空前激化。
  阶级矛盾激化的同时,石赵统治阶级内部也发生了内讧。最早时,太子石宣采纳右仆射张离建议,削减诸侯兵员收归自己统领。这一举动引起诸王的不满,内讧由此萌生。
  先是,石虎派太子石宣与石宣弟石韬轮流审阅尚书奏事、审决生杀之事和任免官吏事项,不必启奏。司徒申钟劝谏石虎,认为任免官吏、决定刑罚是国家的重大决策,不该委托他人,太子虽为国家皇储,也不应干涉政治,而且二政分权,祸必从中来。他又以石邃之事谏石虎,宠任不道之人,必害国害民。对此建议,石虎不予置理,仍用石宣、石韬轮流视政。石宣自以为自己是太子,不愿石韬与己地位等同,加之石韬自建宣光殿,规模宏大,仅梁长就达九丈,石宣见此后异常愤怒,认为这是石韬借建殿压他这个太子,遂令人杀死工匠,截去大梁。后石韬又将梁加长到10丈,石宣得知,气愤异常,他以石韬的国邑作酬报派人杀石韬,并侍机杀石虎夺权。结果阴谋败露,石虎杀死石宣妻室子弟29人,部下300人,宦者50人全部被车裂支解,东宫卫士谪配梁州。这些人行至雍城(陕西凤翔县南)后,高力督梁犊率众起义,秦雍间城戍无不摧陷,起义队伍直入长安,人员增到10万。石虎急派李农带军镇压但被打败,只得起用羌族姚弋仲和氏族符洪部才镇压了起义。
  激烈的阶级矛盾、残酷的宫廷斗争,使石虎只能在惊恐不安中度日,终于在晋穆帝永和五年(349年)因愁恐而死,终年54岁。
  他采取了一些措施巩固政权,如粮食储备政策、九品选官制,对吏治的整顿等一系列措施又缓和了矛盾,使其能在北方战乱的局面下维持住一段时期的统治, 但其奴役汉人,激发了民族矛盾,并惨无人道地虐杀汉人.
  上述评论对石此人过于宽容.完全没有突出石虎主要的事情.他这个人就是一个十足的恶棍,差一点亡华的暴徙.
  仅据《晋阳秋》残本载:
  “胡皇”石勒一次就屠杀百姓数十万,诸晋史中也有大量屠杀记录,屠杀在数个州开展。到了石虎更加残暴。他跟一条毒蛇一样,脑筋里只有三件事,一是淫欲,二是杀戮,三是享乐。
  石虎发男女十六万,运土筑华林苑及长墙于邺北。时逢暴雨,漳水水涨,死者数万人;他已有多处宫殿,还不满足,又驱汉丁四十余万营洛阳、长安二宫,造成尸积原野;修林苑甲兵,五十万人造甲,十七万人造船,死亡超过三分之二;夺汉女五万入后宫肆意变态凌杀污辱之行,其间由于负妇义夫的反抗,死者不计其数;从长安--到洛阳--再到邺城,成汉的使者见到沿途树上挂满上吊自杀的人,城墙上挂满汉人人头,尸骨则被做成“尸观”,恐吓世人,数万反抗将士的尸体被弃之荒野喂兽;血腥屠杀和残酷的民族压迫,北方汉人锐减至六七百万,造成赤地千里的景象;人口的大量减少,土地的大量荒芜,傍之虎狼等野兽成群出现繁殖。
  石虎将邯郸(一说临漳以南)以南中原地区,数万平方公里土地划为其狩猎围场,创全人类有史以来的吉尼斯世界记录。规定汉人不得向野兽投一块石子者,否则即是“犯兽”,将处以死罪,被杀或被野兽吃掉的人不计其数,汉人的地位竟连野兽都不如。住在“富丽堂皇”宫殿里的石虎,竟笑曰:“我家父子如是,自非天崩地陷,当复何愁?。。。 当时“北地沧凉,衣冠南迁,胡狄遍地,汉家子弟几欲被数屠殆尽。”
  以至于到冉闵灭羯赵的时候,中原汉人大概只剩下400万(西晋总人口2000万,北方发达地区大概1200万),冉闵解放邺都后一次解救被掳掠的汉族女子就达二十万。


  Shi Hu, the word season long, was born in King Hui Yuan Kang five years (295 years), died Jin Mudi Yong and five years (349 years). Shangdang Wuxiang County (Shanxi Yushe County, North) who, Shi Le's nephew, 16, after the State of Zhao emperor.
  Humiliation of the face of Shi Hu, Shi Le relatives lying down, in conjunction soldiers against. Shile wife and children first, Liu Pengcheng Wang Shi Hu Shi Kan plot except to avoid falling into the post-Zhao Shi Hu hands, resulting in "self-harm support tiger" tragedy. Shi Le was great for the old and more is dismissed in Beijing, the capital was again the old Shi Hu is difficult to tightly control the uprising in the state, ready to bring the royal family left Beijing to Yanzhou (Shandong Yuncheng) as the base to Lin Qiu, Wang Shi Fu Shi Le son Nanyang restored to the chief and queen mother Chao announced today, calling for joint dispatched troops around the Mushou attack from outside Beijing, crusade Shi Hu. However, for various reasons, the final plan not yet finished, Liu, Shi Kan killed. Guarding and guarding Luoyang Shi Chang Shi Lang students heard the news that Union soldiers up crusade, Fishing Cat, was also defeated by Shi Hu. Jin Xian Kang Dynasty (335 years), the resistance in children after exterminate Shi Le, Shi Hu self is king, says large Zhao, reign Jianwu, the state capital from Xiang (Hebei Xingtai Southwest) moved to Ye (Hebei Linzhang Southwest). In the same year, Shi Hu will Daya and brother, all killed by her mother, Shi Le relative forces wiped out. Xian Kang three years (337 years), Shi Hu Zhao renamed as King, Yonghe five years (349 years) was renamed Zhao emperor, replacing Zhao Shi Le.
  Wei started from the three countries, the Ministry of Personnel election Guanjie to the Naming method basis. Shi Hu on the adopted without change, and further strengthened. In his view, "Wei was founded Nine of the system, a clear set of three, did not meet Hiromi also Gentrification of the Qing Code, human relations and the Mirror." To this end, ascended the throne at the beginning, he ordered the Ministry of Personnel officials to Nine Act selection of officials, then by the Central Secretariat, Ha Province, announced the list of persons be appointed to be declared official. Dahir also provides that "the Civil value for those who do not practice, censors sit to hear bombs." Punish those corrupt, and fraudulent practices of the official election officials to ensure strict implementation of the Naming method. He dismissed corrupt pervert the law to the Board of Civil doctor Wei Huan for the common people, the Board of Civil cronyism to do to rectify the official doctor. At that time the situation for the despotic succeed, bribery row position, Shi Hu house election moment of imperial censor Shizhong Cheng Li, rectifying despotic Baiguan, violations of the imperial family, Shi Hu also punished. Yangong Shi Bin, indulged in binge drinking, hunting day, the defense ignored the border, Shi Hu things get so furious, rod Shi Bin, and send the main control of etiquette books. Shi Bin dissatisfied with the regulatory protocol, ritual killing, Shi Hu Ji Pai Shang Shi Bin Zhang to take away from the chase, 300 lashes, the free officers go first, while Heaven's Shi Bin trusted more than 10 people. Guan Yi Yang hectoliter Kam-guard, the increasing taxes and labor, Guanzhong people complaining. Shi Hu heard about, will be transferred back to Beijing Shi Kam, another tune stone shell guard Chang'an to safety off the people. After consolidation, improved administration of local officials, corrupt officials and ride roughshod change the situation, even the stone tiger themselves with feelings, "I heard Yoshiomi like wild beasts, and wolves thoroughfare of high-step way and carry on zai letter."
  Dan Husheng of cruel fortune before, have not only the means to kill with a brutal two wives, even in the armed forces as if they are strong fighters with him, he will struggle to play hunting grounds, opponents seized the opportunity to kill, to relieve my mind fast; battle, the capture of prisoners, regardless of good or bad, irrespective of gender Kengsha, few prisoners survived. After the emperor, nature had not changed, and extravagant, costly, big build palaces, the people's hard labor burden than any generation. Shi Hu Ye will be moved to the capital after he specially sent to Luoyang to Kowloon, Weng Zhong, copper camel, transfer to the Ye Fei Lian decorated palace. In Ye City, Shi Hu has built more than 40 units concept, but also construction of Chang'an and Luoyang palace, the two people who serve more than 40 million. To campaign against Former Yan, Shi Hu made the Secretary, Hebei, Qinghai, Xu, quiet, and, Yong and has moved away from a lord to take home five small three or four D-Two; to campaign against the war, Shi Hu has ordered the Yellow River south of the four states people within the equipment ready to attack the south, the request and, moon, Qin, Yong ready to attack the west to discuss the matter. State campaign-made weapons to Shi Hu, 50 million people, nearly 100 million people out of agriculture out to Shi Hu labor, the military service, leaving only 3 / 10 of the population engaged in agricultural production Sang. Sign sent by the people, and always has been the scourge of killing. It is contained in the requisition of 17 million people do boatman, there is 1 / 3 were killed. Shi Hu is also interested in "hard labor Jin (Han)", expand the Hu and Han ethnic: "the progress made during the quarter Salmonella Wu Long said: 'Hu Yun will decline, Jin when the revival of hard labor Jin Yi to dislike their gas.' Season Long Shang Chang mass was so close to the county 160 000 men and women, cars 100 000 by, earth wall construction and long Waring Court in Ye North, Canton dozens of years ........... a long rain storm, the number of dead million people. "This deliberate expansion of ethnic conflicts, and further laid the seeds of future ethnic massacres.
  Workers in the dying ruler is licentious excessive. Shi Hu has made the country too Xiang Wu Hall. Temple base 8 feet high two husbands, what 75-step, 65 steps north and south, the whole house decorated with painted tiles, gold pan, silver-ying, Jin Zhu, bead curtain, jade walls, ornate his best it can be. Needed for the hunting, Yu Shi Hu passed hand to Abdul-Jabbar in Long car craftsman 4000 people indiscriminately in East Hill made flat hunting vehicle Qian Cheng. This hunting thill thirty feet long, 8 feet high a husband, a husband set 7 feet high; while animal cells made by car 40, the construction of the car second floor. Hunting grounds south from Xing Yang, both east to the sun, sent a censor management, does not allow people to hunt inside the animal, such as violation of persons, provision of crime Tai. Censor it bullying, authoritarian get good at. The public has the beauty, good critter, if desired to falsely flatter on its committed the crime Erzao Osake and hunting animals, countless people dead. Shi Hu is also abused by female officers 24 and so on, set the Orient House and other official 12, princes more than 70 Asian countries, located nine other female officials. Folk 20 years of age, 13 years of age or more than 30,000 women were levied, divided into three classes the younger brother of rationing officials. County officials they battle Yu Zhi, the man's wife nine thousand people, so that some women had committed suicide unwilling to be wronged dead body. Rulers extravagant, people chat way out, an unprecedented intensification of class contradictions Zhao Shi.
  First, Shi Hu Shi Xuandi sent Prince Edward Stone Shi Tao Xuan and in turn reviewed the Book of Zou Shi, a matter of life and death decision trial and the matter of appointment and removal of officials without Qizou. Stuart Shen Zhong remonstrate, Fishing Cat, that the appointment and removal of officials to decide the penalty is the country's major policy decisions should not be commissioned, although the national Crown Prince, should not interfere in politics, but the two political decentralization, disaster will come from. He used the stone distant matter of remonstrance, Fishing Cat, pet of any person without Road, will harm the country harm people. On this, Shi Hu disregarded, still using stone declared, as the government turns stone Tao. Stone announced that he is from Prince Edward, Joseph and has been unwilling to rock the same position, combined with self Tuyen Quang Tao stone house, large scale, only the beam length on the nine-husband, rock summoned after indignant that this is by building stone Tao Palace pressure him the Prince, then is killed by craftsmen, truncated girder. Liang Shi Tao, in turn, after extended to 10 husbands, Stone announced that, angry exception, he Shi Tao to reward the country Yap Shi Tao sent to kill and kill Shi Hu Shi machine to seize power. Results conspiracy brought to light, Shi Hu Shi Xuan wife killed the children of 29 300 men, Huanzhe 50 were all tying a mutilated, Orient House guards Exile with okrug. These people row to Yong City (Shaanxi Fengxiang South), the high-power beam calf mobilize Governor uprising, Qin Yong settlement between the city garrison were all destroyed, the rebellion straight Chang, staff increased to 100 000. Shi Hu Li farmers anxious to send the military repression, but with the defeat, had to only use Yao Yi Zhong and Qiang Fu Hung Department of clan only suppressed the uprising.
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