西晉 人物列錶
司馬懿 Si Mayi司馬師 Si Mashi司馬昭 Si Mazhao
司馬炎 Si Mayan晉惠帝 Jin Huidi晉懷帝 Jin Huaidi
晉愍帝 Jin Mindi
司馬炎 Si Mayan
西晉  (236年290年)
姓: 司馬
名:
字: 安世
網筆號: 武皇帝
廟號: 世祖
陵墓: 峻陽陵
開端終結
在位265年290年
泰始265年十二月274年
咸宁275年280年四月
太康280年四月289年
太熙290年元月290年四月

  晉武帝司馬炎(236年—290年),字安世,漢族。晉朝的開國君主,謚號武皇帝,廟號世祖。葬峻陽陵。
  司馬炎為司馬昭長子,曾出任中撫軍;但是司馬昭卻有意讓幼子司馬攸繼承,但在重臣的反對之下,司馬炎於265年五月被封為晉王太子。同年八月,司馬昭因中風猝死,享年55歲。司馬炎繼承昭的相國、晉王。十二月,司馬炎逼迫魏元帝曹奐禪讓,即位為帝,國號晉。晉武帝大肆分封宗室為王並使其掌握兵權,以補曹魏由於過度壓抑宗室,導致皇帝孤立最後被權臣所篡的前車之鑒;同時於268年頒布泰始律令,並於279年命賈充、楊濟、杜預、王濬等伐吳,280年三月,孫皓投降,孫吳滅亡,自從黃巾之亂以來的分裂局勢暫時獲得統一。
  司馬炎在統一之後,以為天下無事,便將州郡的守衛兵加以撤除,同時實施占田法與課田法,企圖與民生息;但是司馬炎也是好色之徒,曾經於西元273年禁止全國婚姻,以便挑選宮女;滅亡孫吳之後又將孫皓後宮的五千名宮女納入後宮,於是司馬炎的後宮便有萬人規模。司馬炎為臨幸的方便,便自己乘坐羊車在後宮內逡巡,停在哪個宮女門前便前往臨幸;而宮女為求皇帝臨幸,便在住處前灑????巴、插竹葉以引誘羊車前往。而且邊境的少數民族遷入中原,引發少數民族與漢人的衝突,郭欽、江統等人相繼以徙戎論,勸晉武帝用武力將內遷的少數民族強製徙遷回原住地,但晉武帝不用。290年晉武帝死於含章殿,葬於峻陽陵。
  晉武帝本人是繼承司馬懿、司馬師、司馬昭三代的基業而稱帝的,但本身並非英明之君,罷廢州郡武裝、大肆分封宗室、允許諸王自選長吏和按等置軍與無法處理少數民族內遷問題,種下日後八王之亂與永嘉之亂的原因。
  
  【司馬炎年表】
  公元236年,司馬懿的孫子司馬炎出生。
  公元265年,司馬昭病死,司馬炎繼承司馬昭的王位,並於當年篡位稱帝,建立晉朝。
  公元280年,晉派大軍伐吳,東吳滅亡,從此結束了三國鼎力的局面。
  公元290年,司馬炎駕崩,享年55歲。
  
  【晉武帝年號】
  泰始(266年2月4日—274年)
  鹹寧(275年—280年四月)
  太康(280年四月—289年)
  太熙(290年正月—四月)。
  
  【武帝登基】
  公
  [電視劇《三國演義》中的司馬炎(韓青飾)]
  電視劇《三國演義》中的司馬炎(韓青飾)
  元265年,司馬昭病死,享年55歲。司馬炎繼承了相國晉王位,掌握全國軍政大權。同年12月,經過精心準備之後,仿效曹丕代漢的故事,為自己登基做準備。在司馬炎接任相國後,就有一些人受司馬炎指使勸說魏帝曹奐早點讓位。不久,曹奐下詔書說:“晉王,你傢世代輔佐皇帝,功勳高過上天,四海蒙受司馬傢族的恩澤,上天要我把皇帝之位讓給你,請順應天命,不要推辭!”司馬炎卻假意多次推讓。司馬炎的心腹太尉何曾、衛將軍賈充等人,帶領滿朝文武官員再三勸諫。司馬炎多次推讓後,纔接受魏帝曹奐禪讓,封曹奐為陳留王。司馬炎於公元265年,登上帝位,改國號為晉,史稱為西晉,晉王司馬炎成了晉武帝。歷史有驚人的相似之處,魏王朝從曹丕讓漢帝禪位稱帝,傳了45年,到此結束。司馬昭也同樣讓魏帝以禪讓的手段獲取了帝位,曹魏遂亡。但這時的司馬炎心裏並不輕鬆,他很清楚,雖然他登上王位寶座,但危機仍然存在。
  從內部看,他的祖父、父親為了給司馬氏傢族奪取帝位鋪平道路,曾經對曹操以後的曹氏傢族以及附屬勢力進行了殘酷的屠殺,這件事所造成的陰影至今仍然橫亙在人們的心中。從外部看,蜀漢雖平,孫吳仍在,雖說此時的東吳已不足以與晉抗衡,但畢竟也是一個不小的威脅。內憂外患告訴司馬炎,要想鞏固政權,進而完成吞併東吳、統一中國的大業,就首先要強固統治集團本身的凝聚力,而要達到這個目的,就必須采取懷柔政策。為此,司馬炎在即位的第一年,即下詔讓已成為陳留王的魏帝載天子旌旗,行魏正朔,郊祀天地禮樂制度皆如魏舊,上書不稱臣。同時又賜安樂公劉禪子弟一人為駙馬都尉,第二年又解除了對漢室的禁錮。這不但緩和了朝廷內患———尤其是消除了已成為司馬氏傢族統治對象的曹氏傢族心理上的恐懼———而且還安定了蜀漢人心,進而為贏得吳人的好感,為吞併東吳取得了主動權。
  為
  了盡早地使國傢從動亂不安的環境中擺脫出來,為統一奠定牢固的基礎,無為與寬鬆政策成了西晉之初的立國精神。這種立國精神在國傢的各種領域中充分地體現出來。公元268年,司馬炎詔書中明確指出:“為永葆我大晉的江山,現以無為之法作為統領萬國的核心。”同年,又嚮郡國頒下5條詔書:一曰正身,二曰勤百姓,三曰撫孤寡,四曰敦本息末,五曰去人事。當年,曹魏王朝的奠基者曹操繼東漢的動亂政治之後,為了安定人心,恢復國力,曾實行了比較寬鬆開放、節儉求實的治國方略。但到了曹丕,政治漸趨嚴厲,社會風氣亦腐敗,曹操當年的風範已不復存在。皇帝為了滿足自己的私欲,往往不斷把強大的物質重負轉移到百姓的身上,而長期的戰亂更使百姓在慘淡的生計之外,還在心理上增添了一種恐懼與疲憊之感。在這種情況下,司馬炎反其道而行之,提出無為而治的強國方略是最適合不過的。
  
  【歷史貢獻】
  
  擊滅東吳 統一全國
  
  
  
  西晉成立之初,晉武帝為了收買人心,大封功臣,許多大傢族都被封為公侯。短短幾年時間,晉武帝共封了57個王,500多個公侯。蜀漢滅亡不久,晉武帝為了穩定巴蜀人心,又任用了一批原在蜀漢供職的官吏為朝官。晉武帝沒有采取“一朝天子一朝臣”的慣用手法,而是采取拉攏、收買人心的辦法,穩定各級官吏,以確保社會穩定地過渡。因為晉武帝還看到,蜀漢雖亡,東吳未滅,全國還未統一。於是他開始運籌帷幄,準備擊滅東吳,結束全國的分裂局面。
  早在三國鼎立之時,魏的勢力已超過蜀、吳,如以人口計,魏約占全國人口4/7,蜀、吳合占3/7。公元263年,魏滅蜀之後,三國鼎立變成了南北對峙,魏的力量更加強大。晉武帝代魏之後,雄心勃勃,“密有滅吳之計”,準備出兵滅吳,統一全國。
  西晉全國正處於一種積極的態勢之中,然而吳國卻是在走下坡路。吳主孫皓的荒淫、殘暴使吳國喪失了重整旗鼓的機會。孫皓命令大臣的女兒要先經過他的挑選,漂亮的入後宮供他一人享受,剩下的才能談婚論嫁,這使他喪失了大臣們的支持,自毀根本,最終成了孤傢寡人。對他勸諫的中書令賀邵不但沒有受到他的表揚,反而被他用燒紅的鋸條殘忍地鋸下了舌頭,其殘暴程度與商紂王沒有任何區別。孫皓殺人的方法很多,很殘忍,像挖眼、剝臉皮和砍掉雙腳等。孫皓的殘暴註定了他要滅亡。由於孫皓的殘暴使手下的將領們也對他喪失了信心,紛紛投降西晉。西晉的大臣們見吳國國力下降,政局不穩,也紛紛勸說司馬炎趁機滅掉吳國。
  但是,晉武帝受到了以太尉錄尚書事賈充為首的保守派的反對,他們認為:吳有長江天險,且善水戰,北人難以取勝。且近幾年來西鮮卑舉兵反晉,此時對吳作戰,並“非其時”。而羊祜、張華、杜預等人則認為:吳帝孫皓腐化透頂,他不但對廣大人民殘酷剝削、鎮壓,而且在統治集團內部也排除異己,用刑殘酷。孫吳目前是“上下離心”,如此刻出兵,“可不戰而勝”。如果錯過機會,“吳人更立令主”,勵精圖治,再去滅吳就相當不容易了。
  兩派意見,針鋒相對。這樣,一個極其嚴重的問題就擺在了晉武帝面前:是否出兵滅吳,統一全國?晉武帝意識到,自秦漢以來,統一已成為人類歷史的主流,廣大平民百姓要求統一,渴望和平。因此,晉武帝堅定地站在主戰派一邊。
  為了完成滅吳大業,晉武帝在戰略上做了充分準備。早在公元269年,他就派羊祜坐守軍事重鎮荊州,着手滅吳的準備工作。羊祜坐鎮荊州後,減輕賦稅,安定民心,荊州與東吳重鎮石城(今湖北鐘祥縣)相距最近,晉軍采取了“以善取勝”的策略,嚮吳軍大施恩惠。由於孫皓揮霍無度,部隊士兵常常領不到軍餉,連飯也吃不飽。羊祜命人嚮吳軍送酒送肉,瓦解吳軍。這樣,不時有吳軍前來投降,羊祜下令說:吳軍來要歡迎,走要歡送。有一次,吳將鄧香被晉軍抓到夏口,羊祜部下堅持要殺掉,羊祜不但不殺鄧,而且還親自為其鬆綁,把鄧送了回去。有時,吳軍狩獵打傷的野獸逃到了晉軍領地,晉軍也把這些野獸送到吳軍帳內。正是由於這樣的“厚”愛,東吳將領們的心已經一步步趨嚮晉軍。
  晉武帝在襄陽一邊命羊祜以仁德對吳軍施加影響,一邊在長江上遊的益州訓練水軍,建造戰船。經過長達10年時間的充分準備,公元279年,晉軍開始嚮東吳展開大規模的進攻。為了迅速奪取勝利,晉軍分5路沿長江北岸,嚮吳軍齊頭並發。第6路晉軍由巴東、益州出發,沿江東下,直搗吳軍都城建業。20萬晉軍直撲東吳。東吳守軍,在巫峽釘下了無數個鋒利無比的、長十餘丈的鐵錐,在江面狹窄處用粗大的鐵鏈封鎖江面。晉軍先用大竹排放入長江,晉軍在船上載了無數根數丈長的用麻油澆灌的火點燃火炬,熊熊烈火能夠把鐵鏈燒斷。就這樣,東吳長江的防守設施被一個個排除了。
  在第6路晉軍進攻東吳時,為了分散、吸引守衛建業的吳軍兵力,安東將軍王渾率一路晉軍,由北嚮南,直取建業。孫皓忙命丞相張悌統率主力渡江北上,迎擊王渾,結果沿江東下的晉軍乘機攻占了建業。
  由於晉武帝準備充分,時機恰當,戰略正確,前後僅用了四個多月,便奪取了滅吳戰爭的全部勝利。從此,東吳的全部郡、州、縣,正式並入晉國版圖。
  公元280年,三國鼎立的局面完全結束了。晉武帝司馬炎終於統一了全國,結束了長達近百年的分裂局面。
  
  發展經濟 太康繁榮
  
  
  全國統一後,西晉政治上趨於安定,但由於多年戰爭的創傷,老百姓生活依然很艱苦。特別是皇室和權貴們無限製地霸占土地,更加重了農民的苦難。據說,長安東南的藍田縣,有一個很不起眼的“雜牌將軍”龐宗,就占良田幾百頃,其他達官貴人就更不必說了。農民沒有土地,豪門世族利用占據的田地肆意盤剝農民。西晉初年,晉武帝把解决土地問題作為發展經濟的重要內容之一。為此,他製定了“戶調式”的經濟制度。
  戶調式共有三項內容,即占田製、戶調製和品官占田蔭客製。
  占田製是把占田製和賦稅製結合在一起的一條法令。晉武帝時,對人口年齡進行了分組:男女16 歲~60歲為正丁;13歲~15歲、61歲~65歲為次丁;12歲以下為小,66歲以上為老。占田製規定:丁男一人占田70畝,丁女占田30畝。同時又規定:每個丁男要繳給國傢50畝稅,計四斛;丁女繳20畝稅;次丁男繳25畝稅,次丁女免稅。
  這一規定,使得每個農民都可以合法地去占有應得的田地。不少豪門世傢的佃戶,也都紛紛脫離主人,去領取屬於自己的一份土地。占田製發佈以後,不少農民開墾了大片荒地,這對農業經濟的好轉起到一定的作用。
  戶調製即徵收戶稅的制度。戶調不分貧富,以戶為單位徵收租稅。這一制度規定:“丁男之戶,歲輸絹三匹,綿三斤;女及次丁男為戶者半輸。”對邊郡及少數民族地區的戶調也作了具體的規定:邊郡與內地同等之戶,近的納稅額的三分之二,遠的納三分之一。少數民族,近的納布一匹,遠的納布一丈。
  品官占田蔭客製是一種保障貴族、官僚們經濟特權的制度,同時也有為貴族、官僚們占田和奴役人口的數量立一個“限製”的用意,以製止土地無限製地兼併和隱瞞戶口的情況出現。此制度規定:“其官品第一至第九,各以貴賤占田。第一品占五十頃,第二品四十五頃,第三品四十頃……每低一品,少五頃。”對於庇蔭戶,“品第六以上得衣食客三人,第七第八品二人,第九品一人。”“其應有佃客者,官品第一第二者佃客無過十五戶,第三品十戶,第四品七戶,第五品五戶,第六品三戶,第七品二戶,第八品第九品一戶。”庇蔭戶的佃客,為私傢人口,歸主人役使,不再負擔國傢徭役。
  實行戶調製的詔書發佈之後,遭到了豪門世族的抵製。他們或是隱田不報,或是反對農民占有耕地。
  儘管晉武帝的戶調式遭到了種種阻礙,但這一制度從一定程度上,用行政的手段將大量的流動、閑散人口安置到土地從事生産,這對於穩定社會秩序,促進社會經濟的恢復與發展,起到了積極作用。
  晉武帝很註意開墾荒地,興修水利。如在汲郡開荒五千多頃,郡內的糧食很快富裕起來,又修整舊陂渠和新開陂渠,對於灌溉和運輸都起到了很重大作用。
  晉武帝在強調發展生産的同時,反對奢侈,厲行節儉。有一次,太醫院的醫官程據獻給晉武帝司馬炎一件色彩奪目、滿飾野雉頭毛的“雉頭裘”,這是一件極為罕見的華貴服飾。晉武帝把這件“雉頭裘”帶到朝堂,讓滿朝文武官員欣賞,朝臣見了這件稀世珍寶,個個驚嘆不已。不料,晉武帝卻一把火把這件“雉頭裘”燒成了灰燼。他認為,這種奇裝異服觸犯了他不準奢侈浪費的禁令,因此要當衆焚毀。他還下詔說,今後誰如敢再違犯這個規定,必須判罪。
  由於數十年的戰亂,中原地區經濟遭到極為慘重的破壞,人口也大減。晉武帝的故鄉河內郡溫縣,人口也衹有原來的幾十分之一。為此,晉武帝决定采取一些措施增加中原地區的人口。他下令,17歲的女孩一定要出嫁,否則由官府代找婆傢。滅蜀之後,招募蜀人到中原,應召者由國傢供給口糧兩年,免除徭役20年。滅吳後,又規定吳國將吏北來者,免徭役10年,百工和百姓免徭役20年。
  公元268年,晉武帝還設立了“常平倉”,豐年按適當價格拋售布帛,收購糧食;荒年則按適當價格出售糧食,穩定糧價,維持人民的正常生活。晉武帝一再責令郡縣官吏,要“省徭務本”,打擊投機倒把、囤積居奇。
  由於晉武帝采取了這樣一係列有力的經濟措施,使農業生産逐年上升,國傢賦稅收入逐年充裕,人口逐年增加,僅平吳之後不到三年時間,全國人口就增加了130多萬戶,出現了“太康繁榮”的景象。
  晉武帝太康元年,即公元280年,共有人口1616.3863萬人,每戶人數6.57人,增長率為-1.00%
  
  【武帝時弊端】
  
  倡導奢侈之風
  
  
  
  從曹魏明帝時開始,當時的社會逐漸蔓延開一種奢侈腐化的風氣。司馬炎在奢侈風氣中又起了帶頭作用。司馬炎在女婿王濟傢吃飯時,有一道菜時乳豬,非常好吃,司馬炎就問王濟是怎麽做的。王濟偷偷告訴他,乳豬是用人的乳汁喂養大的,做的時候又用人的乳汁烹製,所以很好吃。司馬炎聽了不高興,覺得女婿超過了自己,結果宴席還沒有結束他就藉故走了。
  鬥富風氣中最有名的是石崇和王愷。石崇是渤海南皮(即現在河北南皮)人,官職升到了侍中,後來又出任荊州刺史,他靠搜刮過往的客商致富。王愷則是司馬炎的內弟,也是豪富無比。石崇的屋子華麗異常,房子上挂滿了緞帶,飾有翠玉。王愷不肯認輸,用紫絲布做了四十裏長的帷帳來炫耀,石崇就做了個五十裏的來和他比。
  司馬炎常幫女婿王愷來鬥富,賞賜給他珊瑚樹,高有二尺,世所罕見。王愷請石崇去看,石崇卻用鐵如意將珊瑚打碎,王愷很心疼,說石崇嫉妒自己。石崇卻說我馬上賠你,然後讓手下人都去拿珊瑚樹,高三四尺的就有六七個,這次比得王愷臉上很是無光。
  後來,兩人鬥得離了譜,石崇開始造假來騙王愷:他的牛車跑得快如飛鳥,原來他故意把車轅弄歪,讓牛卡得疼痛難忍,就跑得快了。造假的目的是占點上風,可見當時這些富豪的生活何等奢侈、無聊。後來王愷知道了石崇的把戲,便如法炮製,牛車竟跑得比石崇的還快。石崇知道是有人泄密後,便將泄密的人殺死了。
  在請客人吃飯喝酒時,石崇經常讓美女勸酒,如果客人喝不完酒,他就殺掉這個美女。有次王導和王敦(司馬炎的女婿)兄弟倆去他那吃飯喝酒,王敦總不喝完,使石崇連殺三人,一直盡量喝幹的王導埋怨王敦不通人情,王敦卻說石崇殺自己人,不必着急。
  石崇為了顯示自己的富有,就是厠所也建得極為華麗,比過了正式的寢室。有的大臣去他傢做客,去厠所時竟見裏邊有幾個侍女,屋子裏也用綾羅綢緞裝飾得很豪華,他以為是闖進了人傢的閨房,趕忙退出來,給石崇賠禮。石崇笑着說那就是厠所,不必驚慌。
  
  賣官肥私也有理
  
  
  大臣們見司馬炎變得昏庸荒淫,便找機會勸諫。一次,司馬炎和衆人去洛陽郊外祭祀,完了他得意地問司隸校尉(當時京城地區的監察官)劉毅:"你說我能與漢朝的哪個皇帝相比?"司馬炎覺得他肯定會說高祖劉邦、武帝劉徹以及光武帝劉秀之類有名的皇帝,沒想到劉毅卻說他衹能和桓帝、靈帝相比。司馬炎很不高興,因為這兩個皇帝統治時期是東漢政局最混亂的時候。司馬炎不甘心地問:"我怎麽會和他們一樣呢?"劉毅直言不諱地說:"當年桓帝時也有賣官的事,但桓帝讓人把錢都歸入了國庫,陛下您現在賣官所得的錢卻都進了自己的腰包。"司馬炎無法狡辯,衹好訕訕地替自己找個臺階說:"愛卿所言極是,不過在桓帝時卻沒有你這樣的直言之臣,但我身邊卻有,這說明我還是比他們好一些啊。"
  
  【武帝時內政】
  
  大封宗室
  
  
  司炎鑒於魏宗室衰微,帝室孤弱,終緻滅亡之教訓乃大封皇族為藩王,以對抗士族。始則封王不就國,官於京師以輔皇室,繼則分遣諸王就國,都督諸軍事,後又出使鎮要害地。此舉目的,是為對抗士族中野心傢。但“八王之亂”證明,這種政策使諸王中涌現了許野心傢。
  西晉之所以重任宗室,實際上與其政權的結構有關。晉是以皇室司馬氏為首門閥貴族聯合統治,皇室作為一個傢族駕於其它傢族之上,皇帝是這個第一傢族的代表,因而其傢族傢成員有資格也有必要取得更大權勢,以保持其優越地位。
  
  罷州郡兵
  
  
  全國統一後,司馬炎下詔:“悉去州郡兵,大郡置武吏百人,小郡五十人”,即規定:
  (1)諸州無事者罷其兵。
  (2)刺史衹作為監司,罷將軍名號,不領兵,也不兼領兵的校尉官。
  (3)實行軍民分治,都督校尉治軍,刺史太宋治民。
  罷州郡兵,一方面可使地方官專心民事,另一是擴大承擔賦役的課丁。兵役是東漢末年以後農民最沉重的負擔,免除這負擔,對恢復生産意義重大,但也因悉去州郡兵,連治安都沒辦法維持,因此到公元三0一年,天下大亂時,無力控製局面。
  
  君臣賽富
  
  
  西晉的皇族和貴族都有優裕的經濟基礎,政治的安定與統一更幫助他們纍積了大量的財富,於是縱情享受,過着豪華奢侈的生活。晉武帝領先作了荒淫奢縱的表率,晉書鬍貴嬪傳稱:晉武“多內寵,平吳後,復納吳王孫皓宮人數千,自此掖庭殆將萬人,而並寵者甚衆,帝莫知所適,常乘羊車,恣其所之,至使宴寢。”以中國史上開國皇帝而論,實未有如是荒怠縱欲者,以致小人當權,奢侈浪費,風氣日漸敗壞。公卿貴遊也跟着競富爭豪,大臣何曾每天吃飯用一萬錢,還“無處下箸”,他的兒子何劭一定要吃四方畛異,一天膳費二萬錢。王愷是武帝的母舅,曾與當時首富石崇比賽炫耀財富,爭誇豪麗。為維持這種奢靡腐化的生活,必然加緊聚斂,因此貪污納賄,習以為常,當時有人指:“奢侈之費,甚於天災”,可見為害之大。
  
  【後妃子女】
  
  皇后
  
  武元楊皇后 楊豔
  武悼楊皇后 楊芷
  
  後妃
  
  左貴嬪 左棻 也作左芬
  鬍貴嬪 鬍芳 生武安公主。
  諸葛夫人 諸葛婉
  趙夫人 趙粲 趙虞之女,皇后楊豔的族人
  李夫人
  陳美人
  審美人
  趙美人
  徐才人
  匱才人
  趙才人
  程才人
  中才人 王媛姬,晉懷帝司馬熾之母,早逝,追尊為皇太後。
  莊保林
  諸姬
  
  兒子
  
  
  司馬軌 毗陵悼王 長子
  司馬衷 晉惠帝 次子
  司馬柬 秦獻王
  司馬景 城陽懷王
  司馬憲 城陽殤王
  司馬瑋 楚王
  司馬祗 東海衝王
  司馬裕 始平哀王
  司馬允 淮南忠壯王
  司馬該 新都王
  司馬遐 清河康王
  司馬乂 長沙王
  司馬謨 汝陰哀王
  司馬穎 成都王
  司馬晏 吳王
  司馬恢 勃海殤王
  司馬熾 晉懷帝
  司馬演 代哀王
  
  女兒
  
  
  平陽公主 母皇后楊豔
  新豐公主 母皇后楊豔
  陽平公主 母皇后楊豔
  武安公主 母貴嬪鬍芳
  萬年公主 母不詳
  常山公主 母不詳
  
  【滅吳之戰】
  
  晉泰始五年(269年),晉武帝以羊祜都督荊州諸軍事,鎮守襄陽(今湖北襄樊);衛奡都督青州諸軍事,鎮臨菑(今山東臨淄北);司馬伷都督徐州諸軍事,鎮下邳(今江蘇邳縣西南),以這些地區作為進軍的基地。羊祜是極力主張並參與密謀滅吳的主要大臣之一,他曾在襄陽與東吳名將陸抗對峙,善施恩惠,如主動送還吳軍俘虜、吳國禾麥、吳人射傷的禽獸等,使“吳人翕然悅服”。吳人北來歸降者不絶。
  泰始八年(272年),司馬炎以王濬為益州刺史,密命他製造大船,訓練水軍,“為順流之計”。王濬遂着手作“大船連舫,方百二十步,受二千人,以木為城,起樓櫓,開四出門,其上皆得馳馬往來……舟楫之盛,自古未有。”一支強大的水軍在長江上遊逐漸建立起來了。
  正當晉朝國力日盛,積極準備平吳的時候,江東的孫吳卻是每況愈下。早在孫權晚年,由於賦役苛重,吳國人民的不滿和反抗已有所發展,社會矛盾加劇。晚年的孫權,“性多嫌忌,果於殺戮”,搞得朝臣人不自安。孫權死後,圍繞繼位和權力問題,引發了一連串的宮廷內爭和帝位更迭,進一步加劇了吳國的混亂。及至吳元興元年(264年),孫權之孫烏程侯孫皓被迎立為帝後,情況更加不可收拾。孫皓昏庸無道,即位後盡情享樂,好酒色,興土木,搞得吳國“國無一年之儲,傢無經月之畜”,人民揭竿而起,朝臣離心離德。孫皓對西晉的威脅,毫無戒心,有時也派兵攻晉,但多因草率而無功。他迷信長江天險可保平安,從未認真在戰備上下功夫。名將陸抗覺察到晉有滅吳的意圖,曾不止一次上疏要求加強備戰,他還預見到晉兵會從長江上遊順流而下,特別要求加強建平(今湖北秭歸)、西陵(今湖北宜昌東南、西陵峽口)的兵力。王濬在蜀造船所剩碎木順江而下,吳建平太守吾彥取之以呈孫皓說:“晉必有攻吳之計,宜增建平兵。建平不下,終不敢渡。”孫皓對陸抗、吾彥的建議和警告,一概不予重視。
  陸抗也在憂慮中死去。吳國的衰落,孫皓的昏庸,為晉的順利滅吳,提供了難得的機會。
  鹹寧五年(279年),王濬、杜預(時羊祜已死)以吳主孫皓“荒淫兇虐”,上書建議司馬炎“宜速徵伐”,舉兵平吳。
  司馬炎即於這年十一月開始了平吳的大進軍。
  晉軍基本上按羊祜生前製定的作戰計劃,分六路出擊:鎮軍將軍、琅玡王司馬伷自駐地下邳嚮塗中(今安徽滁河流域),安東將軍王渾出江西(由和州出擊),建威將軍王戎嚮武昌方向進攻,平南將軍鬍奮出擊夏口(屬今湖北武漢市),鎮南大將軍杜預自駐地襄陽進軍江陵(今湖北江陵),竜驤將軍王濬、廣武將軍唐彬率巴蜀之卒浮順江流而下。晉軍東西凡20餘萬,以太尉賈充為大都督、行冠軍將軍楊濟為副,總統衆軍。為了協調行動,司馬炎命王濬的軍隊下建平時受杜預節度,至秣陵(即吳都建業,今江蘇南京市)時受王渾指揮。晉軍分路出擊,意在迅速切斷吳軍聯繫,各個擊破,其中西面晉軍主攻,東面晉軍牽製吳軍主力,最後奪取吳都建業。
  這年十二月,王濬、唐彬率軍7萬沿江而下。明年(即太康元年,280年)二月剋丹楊(今湖北秭歸東),尋進逼西陵峽。吳軍於此設置鐵鎖橫江,又作鐵錐暗置江中,以為以此即可阻止晉軍前進,竟不派兵防守。王濬早已預作大筏數十個,縛草為人,立於筏上,使水性好的士卒以筏先行,筏遇鐵錐,錐即着筏而去,又用大火燒融鐵鎖。晉軍順利排除了障礙,一路勢如破竹,進剋西陵,繼剋夷道(今湖北宜都)、樂鄉(今湖北鬆滋東北,長江南岸)。
  與此同時,杜預率領的晉軍,幾乎兵不血刃,奪取了江陵,鬍奮剋江安(今湖北公安西北),所到之處,大多不戰而勝。
  隨即司馬炎又命王濬為都督益梁二州諸軍事,要他和唐彬率軍繼續東下,掃除巴丘(今湖南嶽陽),“與鬍奮、王戎共平夏口、武昌,順流長騖,直造秣陵”。同時命杜預南下鎮撫零陵(今湖南零陵)、桂陽(今湖南郴縣)、衡陽(今湖南湘潭西)。於時王濬遵命即剋夏口,與王戎聯軍奪取武昌,隨後又“泛舟東下,所在皆平”。至此,晉軍主力已完全控製了長江上遊地區。
  至於東面,太康元年正月,主渾率晉軍已抵橫江(今安徽和縣東南)一帶,準備渡江進逼建業。吳主孫皓慌忙異常,急令丞相張悌率丹陽太守瀋瑩、護軍孫震等率兵3萬,渡江迎擊。結果晉軍大勝,臨陣斬殺張悌、瀋瑩、孫震等吳將士5800人。吳國上下大震。王渾率軍逼近江岸,部將建議他乘勝直搗建業。但王渾以司馬炎衹命他守江北,拒納建議,停軍江北,等待王濬。這時琅玡王司馬伷的晉軍也進抵長江,威脅建業。
  三月,王濬軍東下抵達三山(在今江蘇南京市西南)。吳主孫皓遣遊擊將軍張象率舟軍萬人抵禦,但吳軍毫無鬥志,“望旗而降”。孫皓企圖再湊2萬兵衆抵抗,這些士衆卻於出發前夜,即盡逃亡。至此,吳國已無兵可守。各路晉軍兵臨建業。孫皓用大臣薛瑩、鬍衝計,分別遣使奉書於王濬、司馬伷、王渾處求降,企圖挑撥離間。按司馬炎原先的規定,這時的王濬晉軍應由王渾節度,而王渾屯兵不進,又以共同議事的名義,也要王濬停止進軍。但王濬不顧王渾阻攔,於三月十五日以戎卒8萬,方舟百裏,鼓噪而進建業。吳主孫皓面縛出降於王濬軍前,吳亡。晉統一全國。
  
  【相關史料】
  詳見《晉書.武帝本紀》。
  
  【歷史評價】
  帝宇量弘厚,造次必於仁恕;容納讜正,未嘗失色於人;明達善謀,能斷大事,故得撫寧萬國,綏靜四方。承魏氏奢侈革弊之後,百姓思古之遺風,乃厲以恭儉,敦以寡欲。有司嘗奏禦牛青絲紖斷,詔以青麻代之。臨朝寬裕,法度有恆。高陽許允既為文帝所殺,允子奇為太常丞。帝將有事於太廟,朝議以奇受害之門,不欲接近左右,請出為長史。帝乃追述允夙望,稱奇之才,擢為祠部郎,時論稱其夷曠。平吳之後,天下乂安,遂怠於政術,耽於遊宴,寵愛後黨,親貴當權,舊臣不得專任,彝章紊廢,請謁行矣。爰至未年,知惠帝弗剋負荷,然恃皇孫聰睿,故無廢立之心。復慮非賈後所生,終緻危敗,遂與腹心共圖後事。說者紛然,久而不定,竟用王佑之謀,遣太子母弟秦王柬都督關中,楚王瑋、淮南王允並鎮守要害,以強帝室。又恐楊氏之逼,復以佑為北軍中候,以典禁兵。既而寢疾彌留,至於大漸,佐命元勳,皆已先沒,群臣惶惑,計無所從。會帝小差,有詔以汝南王亮輔政,又欲令朝士之有名望年少者數人佐之,楊駿秘而不宣。帝復尋至迷亂,楊後輒為詔以駿輔政,促亮進發。帝尋小間,問汝南王來未,意欲見之,有所付托。左右答言未至,帝遂睏篤。中朝之亂,實始於斯矣。
  製曰:武皇承基,誕膺天命,握圖禦宇,敷化導民,以佚代勞。以治易亂。絶縑絶之貢,去雕琢之飾,製奢俗以變儉約,止澆風而反淳樸。雅好直言,留心采擢,劉毅、裴楷以質直見容,嵇紹、許奇雖仇讎不棄。仁以禦物,寬而得衆,宏略大度,有帝王之量焉。於是民和俗靜,傢給人足,聿修武用,思啓封疆。决神算於深衷,斷雄圖於議表。馬隆西伐,王瀎南徵,師不延時,獯虜削跡,兵無血刃,揚越為墟。通上代之不通,服前王之未服。禎祥顯應,風教肅清,天人之功成矣,霸王之業大矣。雖登封之禮,讓而不為,驕泰之心,因斯而起。見土地之廣,謂萬棄而無虞;睹天下之安,謂千年而永治。不知處廣以思狹,則廣可長廣;居治而忘危,則治無常治。加之建立非所,委寄失纔,志欲就於升平,行先迎於禍亂。是猶將適越者指沙漠以遵途,欲登山者涉舟航而覓路,所趣逾遠,所尚轉難,南北倍殊,高下相反,求其至也,不亦難乎!況以新集易動之基,而久安難拔之慮,故賈充兇竪,懷姦志以擁權;楊駿豺狼,苞禍心以專輔。及乎宮車晚出,諒闇未周,籓翰變親以成疏,連兵競滅其本;棟梁回忠而起偽,擁衆各舉其威。曾未數年,網紀大亂,海內版蕩,宗廟播遷。帝道王猷,反居文身之俗;神州赤縣,翻成被發之鄉。棄所大以資人,掩其小而自托,為天下笑,其故何哉?良由失慎於前,所以貽患於後。且知子者賢父,知臣者明君;子不肖則傢亡,臣不忠則國亂;國亂不可以安也,傢亡不可以全也。是以君子防其始,聖人閑其端。而世祖惑荀勖之姦謀,迷王渾之偽策,心屢移於衆口,事不定於己圖。元海當除而不除,卒令擾亂區夏;惠帝可廢而不廢,終使傾覆洪基。夫全一人者德之輕,拯天下者功之重,棄一子者忍之小,安社稷者孝之大;況乎資三世而成業,延二孽以喪之,所謂取輕德而捨重功,畏小忍而忘大孝。聖賢之道,豈若斯乎!雖則善始於初,而乖令終於末,所以殷勤史策,不能無慷慨焉。
  
  【傳位傻太子之謎】
  從史料看,司馬炎雖稱得上英武果敢,但在感情上卻柔若女子,有婦人之仁。他一生共有26個兒子。不幸的是,26個兒子當中雖不乏聰慧之輩,但長子司馬軌卻不幸夭折,因此次子司馬衷成了事實上的長子,按中國的繼承人法則,司馬衷要被立為太子,而司馬衷卻是個白癡,不諳世事。司馬衷的癡愚朝野皆知。
  太子司馬衷在吃飯時對糧食很不愛惜,師傅李看不過去,就婉轉地對司馬衷說:“殿下,碗中的米飯,一粒粒都是農民辛勤耕作得來的,殿下可知道稼穡艱難?如今旱荒嚴重,老百姓都沒有糧食吃,都在忍饑挨餓。”司馬衷聽了這話,覺得十分奇怪,脫口說道:“沒有飯吃,幹嘛不吃肉粥?”師傅李哭笑不得。
  太子司馬衷的低能,武帝是十分清楚的,他知道這個兒子難以擔負國傢重任。但是楊皇后反對更易太子。楊皇后名豔,字瓊芝,是陝西華陽人,父親楊文宗是魏國貴族,以功封蕷亭侯。楊皇后十分美麗,出自豪門大族,替武帝生下了三男三女,長子早逝,次子便是這司馬衷。晉武帝數次擔心地說太子不長進,天性愚鈍,難以胜任大事。楊皇后每次都和顔反駁,兒子雖不聰明,但卻忠厚純良,好生教導,會有長進的。武帝試探說,現在更易太子,還來得及。楊皇后搖頭,說太子的名分已定了,决不能輕易改動,無論立嫡立長,都應是太子,破壞了這項法製,日後豈不亂了套?我堅决反對。
  優柔寡斷的武帝就將希望寄托在兩個派去考察太子的大臣和嶠和荀勖的身上。
  果敢剛毅的武帝司馬炎在美人面前優柔寡斷,下不了决心。武帝信任荀勖,尤其佩服荀勖的高深學問和不世之才。後來荀勖進奏,說太子有了進步,於是武帝相信了荀勖,放下心來,不再考慮更易太子。
  天熙元年(公元290年)四月,晉武帝司馬炎駕崩於含章殿,其子司馬衷即位,是為晉惠帝。不過一年,皇后賈南風發動政變,殺死總攬朝政的大臣楊駿;接着又發生了“八王之亂”。建興四年(公元316年),劉淵的侄子劉曜攻破長安,俘獲末代皇帝司馬鄴,西晉亡國。時距司馬炎之死衹有25年。
  
  【相關內容】
  
  歇後語
  
  司馬炎廢魏主—————襲用老譜
  
  相關詩歌
  
  1.詠史下·晉武帝
  ---陳普(宋)
  宮中擲戟又飛刀,謝玖兢兢命若毛。
  豈是君王輕社稷,天教熾業謝芳髦。
  2.晉武帝
  --鄧林
  秋風銅爵麯池平,吳主宮娃滿掖庭。
  憑仗皇孫聰慧早,不知禍在夕陽亭。


  AD 236, a grandson of Sima Yi Sima Yan was born.
  Xianning (275 -280 April)
  TV series "Romance of Three Kingdoms" in Emperor Wudi (Han Qing decoration)
  Element 265, Sima Zhao died at the age of 55 years. Emperor Wudi with country king was inherited position, grasp the military and political power. In the same year in December, after careful preparation, follow the story of Cao Pi on behalf of the Chinese, in preparation for their accession to the throne. After taking over with the country in the Sima Yan, a few people were instructed to persuade Wei Di Cao Sima Yan Huan early demise. Soon, under the edict Cao Huan said: "The king was, you are assisting the emperor for generations, contributions higher than the sky, the whole world suffered Sima family's grace, God Emperor of place to me to let you have, please follow fate, do not refuse me!" Sima Yan has repeatedly Declining pretend. Emperor Wudi of the trusted Qiu ever, General Jia Chong Wei, who led the lower-ranking civil and military officials repeatedly remonstrate. Sima Yan repeated sometime before acceptance Wei Di Cao Huan demise, as the Liu-Wang Feng Cao Huan. Emperor Wudi in AD 265, the board throne, changed its title to Jin, as the history of the Western Jin Dynasty, the king became the Emperor Wu Emperor Wudi. History bears a striking resemblance, Wei dynasty emperor from Pi to handi, Christianity and Islam, passed down 45 years ended. Sima Zhao Wei Di also allow a means to obtain the throne Abdication, Wei Sui Wang. But by this time of Emperor Wudi heart is not easy, he knows, although he ascended the throne the throne, but the crisis still exists.
  Internally, his grandfather, his father Antonio's family in order to pave the way to seize throne, after Cao Cao Cao was on the family and affiliated forces in a brutal massacre, this matter has caused the shadow that runs through people heart. From the outside, although the level of Shu Han and Sun Wu is still, though at this time of Soochow have not contend with Jin, but after all is a big threat. Tell Sima Yan internal and external, in order to consolidate political power, and then complete the annexation of Soochow, China's great cause of reunification, the first strong cohesion of the ruling group itself, but to achieve this goal, we must adopt the policy of appeasement. To this end, Sima Yan in the first year of reign, that is even ordered to have become the king of Wei Di Liu-set emperor flags, Line Wei Calendar, Jiao Si Jie Ru Wei Old World music system, a letter is not to concede defeat. An Legong also give the children of a person Fuma Du Wei Liu Chan, the second year they lifted the Han Dynasty imprisonment. This not only alleviates the risk --- especially within the court eliminated the rule has become the object Sima's family fears --- Cao family, but also the psychological stability of the Shu people, and then to win the Miss's favor, for the annexation of East Wu made the initiative.
  To
  The country as early as possible from the chaotic and unstable environment, get out, lay a solid foundation for the unity, inaction and easing into the beginning of the founding spirit of the Western Jin Dynasty. This national spirit of the various areas of the country fully reflected. In 268 AD, Emperor Wudi edict clearly pointed out: "To always maintain the country my great Jin, nothing method is to guide the nations as the core." In the same year, the ED also awarded under the Qin and Han 5 edict: First of Masachika, 2 Qin said, the people, third is ask widows and orphans, Si Yue London principal and interest at the end, Wu Yue to personnel. At that time, Cao Cao Wei dynasty, the founders, after following the political unrest in the Eastern Han Dynasty, in order to reassure the people and restoration of national strength, and has implemented a more liberal open, thrifty and realistic statecraft. However, Cao Pi, politics become more severe, society is corrupt, then Cao Cao's style no longer exists. The emperor to meet their own desires, strong material that often the burden shifted to the people's shoulders, and long-term war more so than the people living in the bleak, also adds a psychological sense of fear and fatigue. In this case, Sima Yan opposite inaction of the powers proposed strategy is the most suitable.
  As the throne prepared, properly timed, the right strategy, only four months after they won all the victory of the war Conquest of Wu. Since then, Soochow all county, state, county, formally incorporated into the Jin territory.
  National reunification, the Western Jin Dynasty became politically stable, but the trauma of war for many years, people are still very hard life. Especially the royal and the wealthy unrestricted occupation of the land, exacerbating the plight of farmers. Said Chang Lantian County southeast, there is a very humble, "a hodge-General" Pang cases, accounting for hundreds of hectares of farmland, and other VIPs goes without saying. Peasants had no land, giants Aristocracy wanton use of land occupied by peasants exploit. Western Jin dynasty, the throne to resolve the land issue as an important part of economic development. To this end, he formulated the "family transfer" type of economic system.
  Such as the throne to a series of strong economic measures to increase agricultural production year after year, the state tax revenue each year sufficient, population increases every year, only less than three years after the time of Wu Ping, the country's population has increased by more than 130 million, emergence of the "Tai Hong prosperity" of the scene.
  Internal】 【Wu Di
  The reason why the Western Jin Dynasty imperial family responsibilities, in fact, its power structure. Jin is led by patriarch Royal Sima's joint rule of nobility, royal family, as a drive in the other family on the Emperor is the first representative of the family, so family members are eligible for their family is also necessary to achieve greater power to maintain its excellent status.
  (1) states were those who stop their soldiers without incident.
  】 【Concubines children
  Chih Yang Yang Empress Wu Mourning
  Mrs. Lee
  Zhao beauty
  Zhuang Baolin
  Sima King City, King of Chu Yang
  Sima Wang Chong only the East China Sea
  Sima Wang of the New Town
  Daughter
  Empress Yang Yan mother Princess Hinata
  Taishi eight years (272 years), Sima Yan Wang Jun as the benefits to prefectural governor, he created dense ordered the ship, water, military training, "the plan for the downstream." Jun Wang then proceed to "ship with Fang Fang hundred twenty paces, by 2000 people, the city of wood, from the floor, oars, to open four out of its previous dealings obtains gallop ... ... Vessels of Sheng, since ancient times not." a strong military in the Yangtze River water is gradually built up.
  While the increasing prevalence of Jin Zhaoguo force, when preparing Ping Wu, Jiangdong of Sun Wu is getting worse. Sun Quan back in his old age, due to the heavy taxes and corvee, Wu popular discontent and resistance have been developed to increase social conflict. Sun Quan in his later years, "multi-Xian Ji, fruit in the killing", and made courtiers do not own security. Sun Quan's death, around the issue of succession and power, triggering a series of court disputes and the throne within the change, further exacerbated the confusion of Wu. Up Wuyuan Xing reign (264), the grandson of Sun Chuan Sun Hao Wu Cheng Hou Ying Li as the Empress was the situation even more out of hand. Sun Hao stupid is no way, after ascending the throne pleasure, good wine and women, Xing civil, and made Wu the "National Reserve without year, month animals without homes," the people rise up, courtier discord. The threat of the Western Jin Sun Hao, unsuspecting, and sometimes attack troops of Jin, but without much success due to rash. He superstition Yangtze natural barrier to security and peace, was never seriously in readiness efforts. Star Lukang aware of the intention of Conquest of Wu by Jin has had more than once called for the strengthening preparations Shang Shu, he foresaw Jinbing downstream from the Yangtze River, the special requirements to strengthen Jianping (now Zigui), Xiling (now Yichang Southeast, Xiling Gorge population) strength. Jun Wang Shu shipbuilding in the remaining wood bits along the river to the next, Wu Jianping prefect Abiko was taken up by Sun Hao said: "Miss Jin must have the plan of attack, should additional level soldiers. Jianping high, not crossing the end. "Sun Hao on Lu Kang, Abiko recommendations and warnings, should be excluded from attention.
  Xianning five years (279 years), Wang Jun, Du Yu (when Yang Hu dead) to the main Sun Hao Wu "dissolute fierce child," a letter to the proposed Emperor Wudi "Yi Su Expedition", Ju-Bing Wu Ping.
  December that year, Wang Jun, Tang Bin, led his army along the river and under 70,000. Next year (the first year that Tai Hong, 280) in February Kdan Yang (now Hubei Zigui East), look for press on Xiling Gorge. Wu Jun Hengjiang this setting locks, but also for Tiezhui dark home the river, thinking that this could have blocked progress Jin, Jing Bu defense troops. Wang Jun has already pre-made dozens of large raft, tied straw man, stand on the raft, so that his soldiers in order to craft a good first water-based, raft encountered Tiezhui, cone or the raft away, then set fire to melt with a large iron lock. Jinjun Shun Lee ruled out the obstacles, all the way irresistible force, into Kersee Ling, following Ke-Yi Road (now Hubei Yidu), Le village (now Microbiological northeast, south of the Yangtze).
  Zeus Kazuhiro thick, rash will at Ninu; accommodate Dang is well, has overshadowed others; informed good plan, can break event, it may ask Ningwan Guo, Sui Jing Quartet. Cheng Weishi luxury leather and disadvantages, the people's deep legacy, is to Gong Jian Li, Dun to few desires. Yuji try playing Yu Zhen Niu black hair off, Zhao Yi Tsing Ma replaced. Powerbut off, and his testimonies have been consistent. Xu Yun-Gao Yang killed both for Wen, Masako odd as Tai Changcheng. God will be something in the Imperial Ancestral Temple, the DPRK proposed to odd victims of the door, do not want to close about, please out the Nagao. God is recalled Su Yun Wang, amazed by the talent, Zhuoweicibu Lang, Yi Kuang when called on. Ping Wu, the world Yi An, then lazy political operation, indulge in travel and feast, after the party favorite, Qin Gui in power, old veterans not full-time, Yi Zhang tangled waste, please carry on an Official. Yuan to not years, to know Emperor Hui Fic load, however relies on Wong Sun Congrui, so no waste legislation heart. After the resumption of consideration of non-Jia born and finally defeat the crisis, then with the hinterland of funeral plans. That are divergent course, not be long, actually the plan with Eugene Wong, laid off half brother, Prince of Qin Guan Cambodian military governor, Chuwang Wei, Wang Yun and Huainan guarding vital to strengthening the imperial family. Also fear of forced Yang, complex to woo climate of northern army to Code Jinbing. Subsequently Qinji dying, as large gradually, Zuo Ming fathers, have switched first and did not, ministers bewildered, nothing from the account. God of small differences will have Zhaoyi Runan Wang Liang Colonial, they hastened to ask North Korea scholar in the prestigious junior and the number of people Zuo, Yang Jun kept secret. God complex search to confusion, as Zhao Yi Zhe Yang Jun Colonial after, embarked on promoting light. Emperor find a small room and asked to not Runan Wang, desire to see the, be entrusted. Before the arrival of about Dayan, then the storm Emperor Benedict. Korean Rebellion, actually began in Sri Lanka carry on.
  System said: Wu Huang Cheng-based, birth Ying destiny, holding chart Yu Yu, dressing of lead people to do it Lost. To rule easy to chaos. Thick waterproof silk must absolutely the tribute, to carve the ornaments, custom system to become frugal luxury, just pour the wind against honest. Ya better respect, carefully collected Zhuo, Liu Yi, Pei Kai-quality straight tolerated, Ji Shao, Hui Chou Chou odd though not abandoned. Jen to Mimono, obtained wide public, the macro slightly larger degree, the quantity of the emperors Yan. So quiet people and customs, live in plenty, Yu Xiuwu use, think Kai border province. Must Fortune in deep heartfelt, down aggressively on the discussion table. Ma Longxi cutting, Wang Jun Nanzheng, teachers do not delay, sign cut Xun prisoner, soldiers without Xue Ren, Yang the more fair. Through previous generations of the barrier, before the King service is not service. Chen Xiang was to be the wind to teach eliminate, in heaven and earth off the ground carry on, carry on King of the Industry Division. Although the gift of Dengfeng, so not to, arrogant heart of Thailand, Ince sky. See the breadth of the land, that 10,000 abandoned without fear; see the world of security, that the millennium and Eiji. Department wide to narrow thinking I do not know, you can grow wide wide; home rule forgetting crisis, the government is uncertain rule. Coupled with the establishment of non-by, the Commission sent before loss of Chi For on the peacefulness, welcome to bring disaster on the first line. Is still the more appropriate person to refer to the desert to follow way, For climbers involved in aircraft and Mi Lu Zhou, far more than the interest, the transfer is still difficult to special north-south times, compete with the opposite, seeking to have it not be difficult to me! Situation with a new set of easy to move the base, while the long hard pull of security concerns, so fierce and vertical Jia Chong, Huai-chi to own the right to adultery; Yang Jun wolves, to post-secondary bud evil. And almost palace car night out, not weeks, and understanding dark, winnow basket into the sparse pro-John variable, even soldiers, destroy their competition this; the pillars of the sky return false loyalty, the public testimony to their own prestige. Has not for several years, net discipline chaos, at home version of swing, ancestral Spreading. Wang Tai Road, initiative, and anti-home custom of tattooing; Divine Red County, translated to be made of the township. Are provided for people abandoned by the large, cover the small and self-care for the world to laugh, its so what zai? Good by the careless in front, so unchecked below. Yin and Tomoko who the father of those who know Robinson Wise King; son unworthy the family dead, Chen is the country chaos infidelity; national security are not chaos, death can not be the whole family also. Is a gentleman against its beginning, its end leisure sage. The ancestor confusion Xun Xu Jian Mou, fans of the pseudo-king muddy policy, repeatedly moved in the word of mind, things have been uncertain on the map. In addition to the sea when the addition to and not dollars, so disturbing in summer and Death; Emperor Hui can be spent without waste, and finally to overthrow Koki. Husband all of a person who virtue light, save the world by power of the weight, give up a son who tolerate a small, safe Sajik by Takayuki large; state almost financed III made the industry, extension of two evil to funeral of the so-called take the expense of the house Heavy power, fear of small tolerance forgetting great filial piety. Sage of the Road, not at if the Sri Lankan peace! Though the beginning of good starts, but finally at the end so good, so gracious policy history, not without generous Yan.
  Courageous fortitude of the Emperor Wu Emperor Wudi indecisive in the face of beauty, is not resolved. Trusted by the emperor Xun Xu, Xun Xu, particularly admire the profound knowledge and not only the world of. Later Xun Xu Jin Zou, said that Prince made progress, so Emperor believed Xun Xu, calm down, no longer consider the more Prince.
  Xiehouyu
  1. Under the Emperor Wu Yong Shi
  Not a king light Sajik, day to teach Chi Xie Fang fashionable industry.
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