wěi sī bā xiāng Titus Flavius Vespasianus
fú lā wéi wáng cháo
( 9niánshíyīyuè17rì～ 79niánliùyuè23rì)
| tí tú sī · fú lā wéi wū sī · wéi sī pà xī yà nǔ sī |
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tí tú sī · fú lā wéi wū sī · wéi sī pà xī yà nǔ sī（ TitusFlaviusVespasianus）， yīng yǔ huà zuò “ wěi sī bā xiāng （ Vispasian） ”， 9 nián 11 yuè 17 rì -79 nián 6 yuè 23 rì， luó mǎ dì guó fú lā wéi wáng cháo de dì yī wèi huáng dì。 tā shì sì dì zhī nián (69 nián ) de zuì hòu yī wèi huáng dì， jié shù liǎo zì ní lù huáng dì sǐ hòu， dì guó 18 gè yuè yǐ lái de zhàn luàn fēn zhēng qíng shì。 zài tā 10 nián de tǒng zhì qī jiān， jī jí yǔ luó mǎ yuán lǎo yuàn hé zuò， gǎi gé nèi zhèng， chóngjiàn jīng jì zhì xù。 hòu shì pǔ biàn duì zhè wèi huáng dì yòu zhèng miàn de píng jià。
zǎo nián shēng píng
jiā shì yǔ gōng zhí shēng huó
wěi sī bā xiāng de fù qīn“ tí tú sī · fú lā wéi wū sī · péi tè luó” shǔ yú luó mǎ de qí shì jiē jí， céng zài qián 1 shì jì de luó mǎ nèi zhàn zhōng dān rèn guò páng péi zhèn yíng nèi de bǎi fū cháng。 fǎ sà lú sī zhàn yì shī bài zhī hòu， tí tú sī táo huí jiā zhōng， hòu lái huò dé shè miǎn yǔ tuì wǔ， biàn cóng shì yú shāng yè huó dòng。 tā de mǔ qīn“ wéi sī pà xī yà · bō lā” zé shì chū shēn yú nǔ 'ěr xī yà（ Nursia、 jí jīn rì de nǔ 'ěr qí yà Nurcia， cǐ dì yuán wéi sǎ bīn rén de lǐng yù） de dì fāng wàng zú。 tā men shēng yòu liǎng gè 'ér zǐ， zhǎngzǐ sǎ bīn nǔ sī， cì zǐ zé shì tí tú sī（ jí hòu lái de huáng dì wěi sī bā xiāng ）。 gōng yuán 9 nián， wěi sī bā xiāng chū shēng yú sǎ bīn dì qū de liè 'ā tè chéng， bù jiǔ zhī hòu， wěi sī bā xiāng de fù qīn guò shì， wěi sī bā xiāng yóu zǔ mǔ fú yǎng zhǎngdà。
gāng rù chéng nián hòu， wěi sī bā xiāng duì shēng yá de tài dù bìng bù jī jí， jīng guò mǔ qīn de xùn chì zhī hòu， cái gēn suí xiōng cháng de jiǎo bù kāi shǐ cānyù gōng zhí shēng huó。 tā cóng jūn zhí kāi shǐ zhuóshǒu， 36 nián tā zài sè léi sī rèn jūn tuán sī lìng guān， hòu lái yǐ cái wù guān de shēn fèn bèi pài rèn zhì xī lán ní hé kè lǐ tè xíng shěng。 38 nián tā cānyù jìng xuǎn yíng zào guān， yǐ zuì hòu yī míng miǎnqiǎng xuǎn shàng。 zài huáng dì kǎ lì gǔ lā zhí zhèng sī jiān， tā dāng shàng liǎo dà fǎ guān yī zhí。
zài huáng dì kè láo dí zhí zhèng qī jiān（ 41 nián）， wěi sī bā xiāng dān rèn liǎo rì 'ěr màn jūn tuán de fù jiāng。 43 nián， tā bèi diào rèn cān jiā bù liè diān zhàn yì， chéng wéi jūn duì tǒng shuài pǔ láo tí wū sī shǒu xià de fù jiāng lǐng。 tā zài dāng dì yǔ dí rén jìn xíng liǎo 30 cì zhàn dǒu， zhēng fú liǎo 20 duō gè chéng zhèn hé wéi kè tí sī dǎo（ jīn rì de huái tè dǎo）。 tā yīn zhàn gōng 'ér huò dé liǎo kǎi xuán fú shì。 51 nián zuì hòu liǎng gè yuè， tā yǐ hòu bǔ zī gé dān rèn liǎo zhí zhèng guān。 63 nián， tā dān rèn 'ā fēi lì jiā xíng shěng zǒng dū。
xiāng chuán tā zài ní lù huáng dì zhí zhèng qī jiān， zài yīcháng huáng dì běn rén chàng gē de yīnyuè huì shàng dǎ kē shuì， shòu dào huáng dì de qū zhú。 wěi sī bā xiāng shēn pà zì jǐ jiāng zāo shòu gèng yán lì de zé fá， biàn tuì yǐn dào piān pì xiǎo zhèn shēng huó。
yóu tài zhàn yì
luó mǎ pài zhù yú yóu tài xíng shěng de zhǎngguān wèile zhēng shōu dāng dì jī qiàn de xíng shěng shuì， jìn rù yé lù sǎ lěng de yóu tài shén diàn， jiāng shén diàn nèi de cái wù dǐ chōng shuì kuǎn。 zhè yī jǔ dòng zài yóu tài rén de guān diǎn shì xiè dòu de yán zhòng xíng wéi， bào fā yóu tài rén de pǔ biàn qǐ yì。 66 nián， luó mǎ de xù lì yà jūn tuán， xié tóng yóu tài wáng guó de 'ā gǔ lì bā 'èr shì jìn rù mǐ píng hùn luàn， dàn què shòu dào cuò bài。 yóu tài mín zú de jī jìn pài shì qì dà zhèn， shǐ dé jū zhù zài 'āi jí de yà lì shān dà chéng、 xù lì yà de dà mǎ shì gé de yóu tài shè qún， yě chū xiàn sāo luàn de xiàn xiàng。
67 nián， ní lù jué dìng shèn zhòng chǔlǐ yóu tài rén de qǐ yì， tā qǐ yòng liǎo wěi sī bā xiāng dān rèn jūn tuán tǒng shuài（ sū 'āi tuō ní wū sī rèn wéi ní lù cāi jì yōng yòu dà jūn de jiànglǐng， yú shì cái rèn mìng liǎo jiā shì bèi jǐng bù gāo de wěi sī bā xiāng ）， zēng pài liǎo sān gè jūn tuán kāi fù yóu tài dì qū； wěi sī bā xiāng tí bá zì jǐ de zhǎngzǐ tí tú sī wéi fù jiāng。 68 nián， wěi sī bā xiāng píng dìng liǎo yóu tài běi fāng， yóu tài qǐ yì jūn lǐng xiù zhī yī yuē sè pǔ sī tóu jiàng。 luó mǎ jūn zhǔn bèi wéi gōng sǎ lù sǎ lěng。
dēng shàng dì wèi
sì dì zhī nián
68 nián dǐ， luó mǎ shǒu dū fā shēng dòng luàn， ní lù zì shā， jiā 'ěr bā chéng wéi xīn de huáng dì。 zhèng zài jìn xíng yóu tài zhàn yì de wěi sī bā xiāng ， zàn shí tíng zhǐ jūn shì xíng dòng。 69 nián chū， jiā 'ěr bā bèi 'ào tuō suǒ shā， ào tuō chéng wéi huáng dì。 dàn rì 'ěr màn jūn tuán bù fú， zì xíng yōng lì wéi tè lǐ wū sī wéi dì。 wéi tè lǐ wū sī jìn jūn luó mǎ， yǔ 'ào tuō zhǎn kāi zhēng xióng huì zhàn。 wěi sī bā xiāng cǐ shí zé shì jìng guān qíng shì biàn huà， bìng wèi biǎo tài zhī chí rèn hé yī fāng。 69 nián 4 yuè， dì yī cì bèi dé lǐ yà kù mǔ zhàn yì jié shù， wéi tè lǐ wū sī pài zhàn shèng， ào tuō zì shā， wéi tè lǐ wū sī shòu yuán lǎo yuàn chéng rèn wéi luó mǎ huáng dì。
zhàn yì jié shù hòu， shī bài de pān nuò ní yà jūn tuán bù fú， tā men lián hé liǎo wèi jí cānyù dì yī cì bèi dé lǐ yà kù mǔ de mò 'āi xī yà jūn tuán， yǐ jí dōng fāng de xù lì yà jūn tuán zhǎngguān mù qí yà nǔ sī， gòng tóng yōng lì yóu tài jūn tuán de wěi sī bā xiāng wéi huáng dì。 bù jiǔ zhī hòu， āi jí xíng shěng zhǎngguān tí bǐ lüè · yà lì shān dà yě biǎo tài， gōng kāi zhī chí wěi sī bā xiāng 。 69 nián 7 yuè 1 rì， wěi sī bā xiāng chēng dì， bìng jìn rù 'āi jí yà lì shān dà chéng zuò zhèn。
9 yuè， dōng fāng jūn tuán jìn rù yì dà lì， yǔ yōng huò wéi tè lǐ wū sī de jūn duì jiē chù（ yě chēng wéi“ dì 'èr cì bèi dé lǐ yà kù mǔ zhàn yì”）， bìng gōng xià liǎo kè léi mò nà。 cǐ hòu， dōng fāng jūn tuán lián zhàn jiē jié， bìng zài 12 yuè jìn rù luó mǎ chéng， wéi tè lǐ wū sī zé sǐ yú luó mǎ luàn mín zhī shǒu ( wěi sī bā xiāng dān rèn hù mín guān de xiōng cháng yě yīn cǐ yī dòng luàn yù hài )。 zhì cǐ， wěi sī bā xiāng chéng liǎo wéi yī de luó mǎ huáng dì。
zhí zhèng cuò shī
wěi sī bā xiāng jí wèi zhī hòu， zhǎn kāi liǎo yī lián chuàn shè huì zhì xù de chóngjiàn yǔ cái zhèng zhěng lǐ cuò shī。 yóu yú yī zhěng nián de nèi zhàn， dì guó gāo céng chéng xiàn rén yuán diāo líng de xiàn xiàng， yú shì wěi sī bā xiāng zì rèn jiān chá guān， chóngxīn dēng jì yǔ shěn chá yuán lǎo yuàn guì zú yǔ qí shì liǎng gè jiē jí de rén yuán， bà chù dāng zhōng de fǔ bài fèn zǐ， bìng cóng xíng shěng zhōng lín xuǎn jù yòu wēi wàng de rén shì jìn rù zhōng yāng。 tā hái wèile fú hé cái chǎn de guī dìng， wéi yuán lǎo bǔ zú tā men bù zú de chā 'é， bìng kāng kǎi dì jǐyǔ pín qióng zhí zhèng guān de jīn tiē， ràng zhè xiē jīng yīng jiē céng néng gòu wěn dìng bìng huī fù tā men de zūn yán。 wěi sī bā xiāng hái zhěng dùn liǎo jūn zhōng jì lǜ， jiè yóu chéng fá hé kè kòu shǎng yín děng fāng shì， yā yì liǎo shì bīng de bá hù qì yàn。
wéi liǎo ràng jiě jué yīn nèi zhàn 'ér zhōng duàn yǔ duī jī de sù sòng 'àn jiàn， wěi sī bā xiāng bù jū ní yú zhèng cháng de chéng xù， ér shì yòng chōu qiān de fāng shì xuǎn dìng yī pī tè pài zhuān yuán， jìn sù dì jiě jué fǎ tíng de 'àn jiàn， tè bié shì guī hái zhàn zhēng qī jiān shòu qīn duó de rén mín cái chǎn guī hái， hǎo ràng shè huì zhì xù lì kè huī fù。
wěi sī bā xiāng wèile tián bǔ kōng xū de guó kù， jìn kě néng dì kāi tuò cái yuán。 tā huī fù liǎo pāi mài shuì， zēng jiā xíng shěng de shuì juān， zēng jiā gè zhǒng xiàng mù fú wù de shōu fèi， bìng bù lìn kāi fàng guān zhí de gòu mǎi。 bù guò tā yě néng chōng fèn dì yùn yòng zhēng shōu 'ér lái de jīn qián， chú liǎo gǎi shàn jīng yīng jiē jí de shēng huó zhī wài， tā yě chóngjiàn liǎo xǔ duō yīn tiān zāi huò zhàn luàn shòu sǔn dedōu shì， jiǎng yè xiū cí xué yǔ wén fǎ jiào shī， kāng kǎi dì bǔ zhù gè lèi xíng de yú lè shì yè。
zài wěi sī bā xiāng jí wèi zhī qián， dì guó jìng nèi réng yòu liǎng jiàn qǐ yì shì jiàn， dōuzài gōng yuán 70 nián jié shù。 xiān qǐ zhěng gè gāo lú dì qū zhàn luàn de bā tǎ wéi yà dà qǐ yì shì jiàn， yóu luó mǎ jiànglǐng kǎi liè yà lǐ sī shuài lǐng zhèng guī jūn mǐ píng， bā tǎ wéi yà zú lǐng xiù qí wéi lǐ sī tóu jiàng。 lìng yī fāng miàn， yīn nèi zhàn 'ér yán dàng de yóu tài zhàn yì zài dù kāi qǐ， yóu huáng dì zhǎngzǐ tí tú sī shuài lǐng de luó mǎ jūn gōng rù yé lù sǎ lěng， yóu tài zhàn yì dà zhì zhōng jié。 luó mǎ de yǎ nǔ sī shén miào guān bì， xiàng zhēng luó mǎ hé píng zài dù jiàng lín。
shēn gù yǔ jì chéng
gōng yuán 79 nián， wěi sī bā xiāng zài kǎn pà ní yà gǎn rǎn liǎo rè bìng， tā huí dào liǎo gù xiāng de zhuāng yuán bì shǔ， réng zài gāi dì chǔlǐ zhèng wù yǔ jiē jiàn shǐ zhě。 6 yuè 23 rì， yīn wéi yán zhòng fù xiè de shēn tǐ xū ruò de tā， réng xuān chēng“ huáng dì yīnggāi zhàn zhe sǐ qù。” zài tā jiān chí bìng zhēngzhá zhàn zhí shēn tǐ shí， sǐ zài chān fú zhě de huái lǐ。
wěi sī bā xiāng zài 39 nián yǔ lái zì 'ā fēi lì jiā de nǚ zǐ“ fú lā wéi yà · duō mǐ tí lā” jié hūn， shēng yòu sān gè 'ér nǚ： tí tú sī、 tú mì shàn hé duō mǐ tí lā， dàn nǚ 'ér hé qī zǐ dū zǎo yǐ wáng gù， yīn cǐ tā yī shēng zhōng zhǐ yòu liǎng gè 'ér zǐ zhǎngdà chéng rén。 cǐ hòu wěi sī bā xiāng wèi zài jié hūn， dàn què yòu jǐ wèi qíng rén péi bàn。
wěi sī bā xiāng sǐ hòu， 40 suì de zhǎngzǐ tí tú sī shùn lì jì chéng tā de dì wèi。
píng jià
yóu yú wěi sī bā xiāng bìng fēi guì zú chū shēn， suǒ yǐ tā zài shī zhèng shàng néng gòu bù jū jiù fǎ， yǐ zuì kuài de fāng shì wěn dìng zhì xù、 ān fǔ rén xīn。 tā de tài dù píng yì jìn rén， rè zhōng huá jī hé dī jí qù wèi， shèn zhì bù bì huì bǐ sú zàng huà ( yī gè zhù míng de lì zǐ wèitā zài zhòng bìng zì zhī bù qǐ shí chēng“ kě lián de wǒ 'ā， kuài biàn chéng shén luo” )。 duì bié rén de wǔ rǔ hé dí shì cóng bù gěng gěng yú huái huò xīn cún bào fù。 wéi tè lǐ wū sī sǐ hòu， wěi sī bā xiāng wèile tā de nǚ 'ér zhǎo liǎo yī gè chū sè de zhàng fū， shèn zhì wéi tā bàn zhì jià zhuāng。
bù guò zài yǐng xiǎng hòu shì zuì shēn de zuò pǐn zhōng， wěi sī bā xiāng zài tǎ xī tuó yǔ sū 'āi tuō ní wū sī bǐ xià， cháng cháng guànyǐ“ tān cái” zhī míng。 rán 'ér zài《 shí 'èr kǎi sǎ chuán》 lǐ tóu， zuò zhě yě zhǐ chū， zài guó jiā jīng guò yīcháng dòng luàn zhī hòu，“ yóu yú guó kù hé huáng dì jīn kù kōng xū， tā bù dé bù zhēng shōu kē juān hé jìn xíng qiāo zhà lè suǒ …… kàn lái， zhè zhǒng guān diǎn jiē jìn yú zhēn shí， yīn wéi tā hěn hǎo dì lì yòng liǎo nà xiē bù yì zhī cái。”
Early life
Joined the adult, Xiang Wei sba not active on the attitude of his career, after his mother's rebuke, the only follow the footsteps of his brother has been involved in public life. He started from the military, 36 years of his term of office corps commander in Thrace, and later sent to the financial officer of the identity of any province to Cyrene and Crete. He took part in the election for 38 years to create a government to last a barely elected. Sri Lanka ruling party in the emperor Caligula, he became a Justice of the post.
Jewish Campaign
Board the throne
After the battle, the failure of Pannonia Corps disagrees, they had no time to participate in joint first 贝德里亚库姆 the Moaixiya Corps, and the East Syrian Army Executive Wood Qiyanusi, common crowned Jewish Legion Wei Xiang for the emperor Vespasian. Soon after, Egyptian province Executive Tiberius Alexander also say, public support Xiang Wei sba. 69 years on July 1, Xiang Wei sba emperor, and entered the city of Alexandria, Egypt, sits.
Xiang Wei Mesbah, after ascending the throne, launched a series of reconstruction of social order and fiscal consolidation measures. As the whole year civil war, empire withered senior officers presented the phenomenon of so Reed sba Xiang itself the Ombudsman, the re-registration and review of nobles and knights Senate two classes of persons, which ousted the corrupt elements, and from the province of the selection of the entry of persons with prestige central. He is also to comply with the provisions of the property for less than their elders make up the difference, and generous allowances to poor consuls, so that the elite to stabilize and restore their dignity. Xiang Wei Mesbah also cleaned up the military discipline that, through the means of punishment and the deduction of Silver for Reward, suppress the overbearing arrogance of the soldiers.
Xiang Wei Spartan throne in before the Empire is still within the two uprisings, the end in 70 AD. Off the Gallic wars in the Batavia area large uprising, led by the Roman general 凯列亚里斯 regular army cleared as Batavia ethnic leaders Qiweilisi surrender. On the other hand, delay due to the Jewish civil war battle re-opened by the eldest son of the Emperor Titus led the Roman army invaded Jerusalem, roughly the end of the Jewish campaign. Roman temple of Janus closed, symbolizing Roman peace and the second coming.
Xiang Wei sba in 39 years and women from the Afrikaans "弗拉维娅多米 Pull" get married, have three children: Titus, Domitian and Duomitila, but the death of his daughter and his wife have long, Therefore, only two sons of his life growing up. Xiang Wei sba then not get married again, but accompanied by several lovers.
Xiang Wei Mesbah is not as noble birth, so he can be informal in the policy on the old law, the fastest way to stability and order in people's minds. His attitude approachable, funny and vulgar enthusiasm, even shy profane swearing (a famous example of his insight in serious illness can not afford, said, "Poor me, ah, soon to become God La"). Insult and hostility to others never bear a grudge or feel revenge. Vitellius after his death, Reed sba Xiang for his daughter a good husband, and even buy a dowry for her to do.
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