| 姓： | 曹 | ||||||||||||
| 名： | 髦 | ||||||||||||
| 网笔号： | 魏高贵乡公 | ||||||||||||
| 陵墓： | 瀍涧之滨 | ||||||||||||
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随着小皇上的长大，曹髦日渐对司马昭产生不满。不久他写了一首《黄龙歌》，司马昭发现，也有了戒备之心。魏甘露五年（260年）四月曹髦召见王沈、王经、王业等三人，愤慨说道：“司马昭之心，路人皆知也！吾不能坐受废辱，今日当与卿等自出讨之。” 不顾郭太后及众臣的反对，率领宫人三百余人讨伐。王沈与王业先行向司马昭通风报信，司马昭马上派兵入宫镇压，双方在宫内东止车门相遇，中护军贾充在南阙下率军迎战曹髦，贾充命令成济杀曹髦，成济一剑从曹髦胸部刺穿，曹髦立即死在车上，年仅20岁。后来司马昭以“大逆不道”罪诛杀成济一族。司马昭立曹奂为曹魏皇帝。
曹髦擅长写诗文。另外他的绘画艺术也很是不错。是一个善于琴棋书画的才子。
【个人档案】
个人资料
字：彦士
生卒：241——260年（寿20）
籍贯：沛国谯县（今安徽亳州）人,汉族
官职：皇帝
家庭成员：父：曹霖
兄弟姐妹 曹启 曹穆 曹殷
妻卞皇后：卞隆的女儿，255年立为皇后。
后裔：曹霸，曹髦后人，唐玄宗时期画家，能文善画，官至左武卫将军，杜甫作有《丹青引》及《观曹将军画马图》二诗，表达对其画艺的赞叹。
相关人物 曹芳 曹奂 司马师 司马昭 王经 王沈 王业 贾充 成济
【历史概况】
曹髦是魏国的第四代皇帝，曹丕的孙子，东海定王曹霖的儿子。曹芳被废，曹髦被立为魏国皇帝。后来，曹髦因不甘心朝政被司马氏霸占，带领数百仆人讨伐司马昭，在宫门处被司马氏的党羽贾充指使成济用戈刺死，并被废掉皇帝名位。善丹青，有《祖二疏图》、《盗跖图》、《黄河流势》、《新丰放鸡犬图》传于代，又有《黔娄夫妻图》。唐张彦远《历代名画记》目其为中品。
【演义概况】
曹髦是魏国的第四代皇帝，曹丕的孙子，东海定王曹霖的儿子。曹芳被废，曹髦被立为魏国皇帝。后来，曹髦因不甘心朝政被司马氏霸占，作《潜龙诗》一首述说不满，被司马昭察觉。曹髦不甘心受辱，带领数百仆人讨伐司马昭，在宫门处被司马氏的党羽贾充指使成济用戈刺死，以王礼安葬。
【历史年表】
曹髦是魏文帝曹丕的孙子，东海定王曹霖的儿子，从小好学，学业早成。
【244年】 曹髦被封为郯县高贵乡公。
【254年】 魏帝曹芳被废，曹髦被立为魏国皇帝。登基后，曹髦下令减少后宫开支，禁止奢华。同年，曹髦被迫赐予大将军司马师黄钺，并给予奏事不名、剑履上殿的特权。
【255年】 镇东将军毌丘俭、扬州刺史文钦因废立之事叛乱，司马师率兵讨伐成功，但于归途中病逝。曹髦无力阻止司马昭继任为大将军，于是朝政继续由司马氏把持。
【257年】 诸葛诞叛乱，司马昭率兵征讨，于次年平定。
【260年】曹髦发现权威日去，十分生气，于是召侍中王沈、尚书王经、散骑常侍王业三人商议，欲出宫讨伐司马昭。王经力劝，曹髦不听。王沈、王业二人将此事密报给司马昭，于是司马昭有所准备。曹髦自率数百仆人，鼓噪而出，司马昭的弟弟司马伷跑来劝阻，被曹髦手下呵退。中护军贾充又率众出来阻挡，曹髦拔剑亲自迎战，于是众人退却，但太子舍人成济在贾充的授意下持戈上前，将曹髦刺死。司马昭闻讯后假装大惊，将成济斩首谢罪，又用太后的名义，以不敬太后、自寻死路的罪名将曹髦的皇帝名位废掉。
【历史评价：】
陈寿：高贵公才慧夙成，好问尚辞，盖亦文帝之风流也；然轻躁忿肆，自蹈大祸。
《魏氏春秋》：公神明爽鉨，德音宣朗。
钟会：才同陈思，武类太祖。
唐•张彦远《历代名画记》：曹髦之迹，独高魏代。
[曹髦著名口号]
司马昭之心，路人皆知
竖子成名
东汉是依靠豪强地主而建立起来的政权，逐渐形成所谓的“衣冠望族”（世代做官）或有名望的姓族，散布在各州郡。在反对宦官的斗争中，他们互通声气，互相支持。宦官失败以后，士族内部的矛盾便加剧了。士族内部按族望的高低，门阀的上下，也就是按势力大小来分配做官。魏文帝更行施九品官人法，就是对这一既成事实的法律肯定。因此取得了士族对曹魏政权的拥护。司马氏要想夺取曹氏政权，当然也必须争取士族的支持。出身河内名门望族的司马懿起初曾因有“狼顾相”而遭多疑的曹操猜忌，直到曹丕篡汉称帝后才逐渐受到重用。明帝曹睿时，因“北平公孙、西拒诸葛” 而渐掌兵权、累积战功，终成魏国重臣，也成了士族门阀阶层当然的利益代言人。他用优厚的待遇收买士族，逐渐形成司马氏集团。虽然明帝临终托孤，但因功高震主屡遭猜忌而被架空。于是老家伙装傻充楞、隐忍待时，终于等到机会，于249年发动政变，掌控了魏国大权。他的两个儿子司马师与司马昭更是青出于蓝而胜于蓝，将曹魏皇帝玩弄于股掌之中。气得魏帝曹髦嚷出了那句著名口号：“司马昭之心，路人皆知”。
其时，那个瑰丽磅礴、激情澎湃的三国时代已接近尾声，曾经叱咤风云的英雄们老的老、死的死，正是“世无英雄，遂使竖子成名”的时代。司马昭父子算是赶上了好时候，完全有足够的理由顾盼自雄。魏国是寡妇孤儿、人尽可欺，自不必说；蜀国国君恰是那位连诸葛亮都“扶不起来的阿斗”，更惨的是“蜀中无大将，廖化作先锋”；吴国更不幸，国君孙皓是一个典型的虐待狂，一高兴或一不高兴就凿人眼睛、剥人面皮，可惜只敢虐待自己人，搞得是人神共愤、众叛亲离。
司马昭没费多大工夫，就于263年，趁蜀国内乱，派邓艾、诸葛绪、钟会率大军三路攻蜀，把蜀汉后主刘禅俘至洛阳，优待得乐不思蜀，蜀汉遂亡。两年后，司马炎效仿曹丕故技，重演“禅让”闹剧，废魏帝曹奂，自立为帝，国号晋，都洛阳，史称西晋。于公元 280年，发起统一战争，20万大军水陆并进，王浑、杜预率陆军势如破竹，以摧枯拉朽之势横扫江北，把前来迎战的吴国主力兵团就地歼灭；王统率着当时世界上最庞大的舰队出长江三峡，排江而下，“千寻铁索沉江底，一片降幡出石头”。接下去传檄而定江南，割据江东近八十余年的孙吴政权灰飞烟灭。
至此，三家归晋。司马炎作为西晋王朝的开国君主，又创建了一统天下的勋功伟业。
可司马炎这纨绔子弟既乏雄才伟略，亦无宏图大志，完全靠着继承祖父辈的遗产，基本没什么悬念，就站在了历史的高起点上。只需作为当然的主角演一出早在传说中的尧舜禹时代已经写好、不久前又经过曹丕示范过的“禅让”闹剧，就成了一个新王朝的开创者。历来艰难的统一战争如今竟然一战定天下，简直太顺了。而且出身高贵的司马炎仪表非凡、聪明神武、长发委地、垂手过膝，按当时的标准绝对是可以令追星少女尖叫喷血的美男子，简直就是上天的宠儿。总之，司马炎有十足的理由踌躇满志、自我放纵，却无半分开国君主应有的危机意识与深谋远虑，这使他成为中国历史上最荒唐的开国之君，也为西晋王朝的覆灭种下了前因。
灭吴后，晋武帝司马炎的膏粱本色尽显无遗，他对吴宫佳丽的兴趣显然远远大于对吴国户口钱粮的兴趣。他的第一道命令就是指使军将在江南搜罗美女。除了把吴宫佳丽全数运往洛阳皇宫外，少不了顺道从民间强抢大批美女一同北上。加上先前魏、蜀两国的宫女，超过上万人。就算一天换一个也得30年才能轮遍，轮到后面的宫女见到皇帝时肯定都成老太婆了。当有了太多选择时往往倒不知如何选择了，司马炎不知从哪里得来的荒唐主意，乘着羊车，在宫里随意游逛，羊车停到哪儿，就在哪儿演绎“一夜情”。于是有些宫女就在自家宫门前插上竹叶，地面洒上盐水，好引诱皇帝的羊车前来。估计最终自然是群起效尤，于是宫内竹叶片片，盐路条条，羊儿越来越肥，司马越来越瘦……晋武帝提倡荒淫，士族自然响应。变着法子寻开心，自然是花钱如流水，虽然天下统一后纳税人增加了一倍，可司马炎还是觉得钱不够花，卖官鬻爵就成了敛财捷径。有一次，司马炎主持祭祀典礼后，兴致高昂，随口问身边陪同的司隶校尉刘毅道：“朕与汉朝的皇帝相比，可与谁齐名啊？”刘毅倒是个有胆色的臣子，回道：“汉桓帝、汉灵帝。”桓、灵二帝被公认是东汉的亡国罪人，正骄矜自得的司马炎当然很生气：“怎么能把朕与这两个昏君相比呢？”刘毅回答说：“桓、灵二帝卖官的钱入了官库，陛下卖官的钱进了自己的腰包，从这方面看，您还不如桓、灵二帝呢。”司马炎气乐了，笑道：“桓、灵之世，没有谁敢说这样的真话，现在朕有你这样忠直的臣子，毕竟还是比他们强啊。”
由此可见司马炎颇有自我解嘲的幽默感，自满而不失厚道，荒唐却绝不昏聩。但上既有荒唐的君主，下自有荒唐的臣子。
士族自矜门第清高，对商贾极其贱视。当时的法令规定，商贾必须一脚着白鞋，一脚着黑鞋，社会地位极低，可是士族多兼做商贾。司徒王戎家有许多园田，亲自拿着筹码算账，昼夜忙得不亦乐乎。家有好李，怕买者得好种，钻破李核才到市上出卖。
Kai Cao Cao Mu Caoyin brothers and sisters
Related People Cao Fang Cao Huan Sima Shi Sima king was by Wang Shen Ye-Jia Chong Cheng economy
【Overview】 Romance
【255】 Town General Qiu Jian Wu, Yangzhou barbed Shiwen Qin rebellion for waste things stand, Sima division shuaibing successful crusade, but died on the way home. Sima Zhao Cao Mao powerless to prevent his successor as the major general, was Sima's affairs of state continue to be dominated.
【Historical Evaluation:】
Bell: only with Chen Si, Wu class Taejo.
More obvious
Han is to rely on despotic landlords and established political power, gradually formed the so-called "Dress for prominent families" (generation of an official) or a prestigious family name, scattered in the gun. In the struggle against the eunuchs, they complain exchange and support each other. Eunuchs failed, Nobles will be exacerbated by internal contradictions. Gentry family hope by the level of internal, patriarch of the up and down, which is allocated according to the size of official power. Wei Wendi more line facilities Naming law is legal certainty on this fait accompli. Nobles were therefore made on the support of Cao Wei. Sima's order to seize power Cao, of course, must also be support for Nobles. Hanoi established family of origin, Sima Yi first Zengyin a "wolf care with" 而遭 suspicion suspicious Cao Cao, Cao Pi usurped the throne until after the Han emperor gradually being reused. Emperor Ming Cao Rui, the result of "Peking Gongsun, the West refused to Zhuge" and gradually charge of military power, accumulate merit, and eventually became a senior official Wei, officials and power families became spokesman for the interests of class, of course. Favorable treatment he bought gentry, and, gradually Sima's group. Although the Emperor Ming dying Tuogu, but the main function of high seismic repeated suspicion and mere figurehead. So the old guys play the fool full leng, Tolerance to be, finally waiting for a chance, a coup in 249, power control of the Wei. His two sons Sima Shi and Sima Zhao is excel the predecessors, will Caowei Huang Emperor juggling being. Anger Wei Di Cao Mao's famous slogan shouted out: "more obvious."
Conquest of Wu, the Emperor Wu Emperor Wudi of the Gao Liang exhaustive character fully shown that he is clearly interested in Wu Gong Pageant is much larger than the interest on the money and grain Wu account. His first order is directed Army collecting beautiful women in the south. In addition to all the contestants Wu Gong shipped outside the Imperial Palace in Luoyang, and ultimately stopped by a large number of beautiful women from the civil robbery with north. With previously Wei, Shu ladies between the two countries over the people. Even for one day have to be round all over 30 years, turn back the ladies are sure to see the emperor as an old woman. When there are too many choices often do not know how to choose a back, Emperor Wudi do not know where to come from the absurd idea, riding sheep car, hanging around in the palace at random, parked the car to where the sheep, where the interpretation of the "one-night stand," . So some ladies planted bamboo in their own Gongmen Qian, ground sprinkled with salt, a good car to lure the sheep to come to the emperor. The final estimate is naturally rallied together to do the same, so Palace bamboo pieces, salt and road roads, Yang Er getting fat, getting thin ... ... the throne Sima promote licentious, Nobles natural response. And changing nothing, fun, nature is spending money like water, although the world has doubled after the reunification of the taxpayer can still find enough money to spend Sima Yan, sale of public became a money-making shortcuts. Once, Emperor Wudi ritual presided over the ceremony, the spirits high, casually asked around, accompanied by the Si Li Xiaowei Liu Yi said: "I compared with the Han emperor, who can equally famous ah?" Liu Yi touches have the courage of his feudal , back: "The Emperor Huan of Han, Emperor Ling of Han." Huan, Ling Han Emperor is recognized as the subjugation sinner, is proud contentment of Emperor Wudi of course very angry: "how can I do with these two headed, compared to? "Liu Yi replied:" Huan, Emperor Ling and Selling of money into the official library, His Majesty and Selling of money into their pockets, from this perspective, you might as Huan, Ling Yi Tai yet. "Sima Yan air music, and laughed: "Huan, Spirit of the world, not who would say that such truth, and now I have you to do righteous person's courtiers, after all, than they ah."
Nobles Zijin first lofty door, on the very cheap, as the merchants. Laws and regulations at the time, merchants have to kick the white shoes, black shoes, one foot, low social status, but many also offering merchants Gentry. Stuart Wang Rong house there are many vegetable garden, personally took the chips afterwards, day and night busy. Lee has a good family, good kind of fear that the buyer, before drilling a hole into the marketplace selling nuclear Lee.
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