| 姓： | 曹 | ||||||||||||
| 名： | 髦 | ||||||||||||
| 網筆號： | 魏高貴鄉公 | ||||||||||||
| 陵墓： | 瀍澗之濱 | ||||||||||||
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隨着小皇上的長大，曹髦日漸對司馬昭産生不滿。不久他寫了一首《黃竜歌》，司馬昭發現，也有了戒備之心。魏甘露五年（260年）四月曹髦召見王瀋、王經、王業等三人，憤慨說道：“司馬昭之心，路人皆知也！吾不能坐受廢辱，今日當與卿等自出討之。” 不顧郭太後及衆臣的反對，率領宮人三百餘人討伐。王瀋與王業先行嚮司馬昭通風報信，司馬昭馬上派兵入宮鎮壓，雙方在宮內東止車門相遇，中護軍賈充在南闕下率軍迎戰曹髦，賈充命令成濟殺曹髦，成濟一劍從曹髦胸部刺穿，曹髦立即死在車上，年僅20歲。後來司馬昭以“大逆不道”罪誅殺成濟一族。司馬昭立曹奐為曹魏皇帝。
曹髦擅長寫詩文。另外他的繪畫藝術也很是不錯。是一個善於琴棋書畫的才子。
【個人檔案】
個人資料
字：彥士
生卒：241——260年（壽20）
籍貫：沛國譙縣（今安徽亳州）人,漢族
官職：皇帝
家庭成員：父：曹霖
兄弟姐妹 曹啓 曹穆 曹殷
妻卞皇后：卞隆的女兒，255年立為皇后。
後裔：曹霸，曹髦後人，唐玄宗時期畫傢，能文善畫，官至左武衛將軍，杜甫作有《丹青引》及《觀曹將軍畫馬圖》二詩，表達對其畫藝的贊嘆。
相關人物 曹芳 曹奐 司馬師 司馬昭 王經 王瀋 王業 賈充 成濟
【歷史概況】
曹髦是魏國的第四代皇帝，曹丕的孫子，東海定王曹霖的兒子。曹芳被廢，曹髦被立為魏國皇帝。後來，曹髦因不甘心朝政被司馬氏霸占，帶領數百僕人討伐司馬昭，在宮門處被司馬氏的黨羽賈充指使成濟用戈刺死，並被廢掉皇帝名位。善丹青，有《祖二疏圖》、《盜蹠圖》、《黃河流勢》、《新豐放雞犬圖》傳於代，又有《黔婁夫妻圖》。唐張彥遠《歷代名畫記》目其為中品。
【演義概況】
曹髦是魏國的第四代皇帝，曹丕的孫子，東海定王曹霖的兒子。曹芳被廢，曹髦被立為魏國皇帝。後來，曹髦因不甘心朝政被司馬氏霸占，作《潛竜詩》一首述說不滿，被司馬昭察覺。曹髦不甘心受辱，帶領數百僕人討伐司馬昭，在宮門處被司馬氏的黨羽賈充指使成濟用戈刺死，以王禮安葬。
【歷史年表】
曹髦是魏文帝曹丕的孫子，東海定王曹霖的兒子，從小好學，學業早成。
【244年】 曹髦被封為郯縣高貴鄉公。
【254年】 魏帝曹芳被廢，曹髦被立為魏國皇帝。登基後，曹髦下令減少後宮開支，禁止奢華。同年，曹髦被迫賜予大將軍司馬師黃鉞，並給予奏事不名、劍履上殿的特權。
【255年】 鎮東將軍毌丘儉、揚州刺史文欽因廢立之事叛亂，司馬師率兵討伐成功，但於歸途中病逝。曹髦無力阻止司馬昭繼任為大將軍，於是朝政繼續由司馬氏把持。
【257年】 諸葛誕叛亂，司馬昭率兵徵討，於次年平定。
【260年】曹髦發現權威日去，十分生氣，於是召侍中王瀋、尚書王經、散騎常侍王業三人商議，欲出宮討伐司馬昭。王經力勸，曹髦不聽。王瀋、王業二人將此事密報給司馬昭，於是司馬昭有所準備。曹髦自率數百僕人，鼓噪而出，司馬昭的弟弟司馬伷跑來勸阻，被曹髦手下呵退。中護軍賈充又率衆出來阻擋，曹髦拔劍親自迎戰，於是衆人退卻，但太子捨人成濟在賈充的授意下持戈上前，將曹髦刺死。司馬昭聞訊後假裝大驚，將成濟斬首謝罪，又用太後的名義，以不敬太後、自尋死路的罪名將曹髦的皇帝名位廢掉。
【歷史評價：】
陳壽：高貴公纔慧夙成，好問尚辭，蓋亦文帝之風流也；然輕躁忿肆，自蹈大禍。
《魏氏春秋》：公神明爽鑈，德音宣朗。
鐘會：纔同陳思，武類太祖。
唐•張彥遠《歷代名畫記》：曹髦之跡，獨高魏代。
[曹髦著名口號]
司馬昭之心，路人皆知
竪子成名
東漢是依靠豪強地主而建立起來的政權，逐漸形成所謂的“衣冠望族”（世代做官）或有名望的姓族，散布在各州郡。在反對宦官的鬥爭中，他們互通聲氣，互相支持。宦官失敗以後，士族內部的矛盾便加劇了。士族內部按族望的高低，門閥的上下，也就是按勢力大小來分配做官。魏文帝更行施九品官人法，就是對這一既成事實的法律肯定。因此取得了士族對曹魏政權的擁護。司馬氏要想奪取曹氏政權，當然也必須爭取士族的支持。出身河內名門望族的司馬懿起初曾因有“狼顧相”而遭多疑的曹操猜忌，直到曹丕篡漢稱帝後纔逐漸受到重用。明帝曹睿時，因“北平公孫、西拒諸葛” 而漸掌兵權、纍積戰功，終成魏國重臣，也成了士族門閥階層當然的利益代言人。他用優厚的待遇收買士族，逐漸形成司馬氏集團。雖然明帝臨終托孤，但因功高震主屢遭猜忌而被架空。於是老傢夥裝傻充楞、隱忍待時，終於等到機會，於249年發動政變，掌控了魏國大權。他的兩個兒子司馬師與司馬昭更是青出於藍而勝於藍，將曹魏皇帝玩弄於股掌之中。氣得魏帝曹髦嚷出了那句著名口號：“司馬昭之心，路人皆知”。
其時，那個瑰麗磅礴、激情澎湃的三國時代已接近尾聲，曾經叱咤風雲的英雄們老的老、死的死，正是“世無英雄，遂使竪子成名”的時代。司馬昭父子算是趕上了好時候，完全有足夠的理由顧盼自雄。魏國是寡婦孤兒、人盡可欺，自不必說；蜀國國君恰是那位連諸葛亮都“扶不起來的阿鬥”，更慘的是“蜀中無大將，廖化作先鋒”；吳國更不幸，國君孫皓是一個典型的虐待狂，一高興或一不高興就鑿人眼睛、剝人面皮，可惜衹敢虐待自己人，搞得是人神共憤、衆叛親離。
司馬昭沒費多大工夫，就於263年，趁蜀國內亂，派鄧艾、諸葛緒、鐘會率大軍三路攻蜀，把蜀漢後主劉禪俘至洛陽，優待得樂不思蜀，蜀漢遂亡。兩年後，司馬炎效仿曹丕故技，重演“禪讓”鬧劇，廢魏帝曹奐，自立為帝，國號晉，都洛陽，史稱西晉。於公元 280年，發起統一戰爭，20萬大軍水陸並進，王渾、杜預率陸軍勢如破竹，以摧枯拉朽之勢橫掃江北，把前來迎戰的吳國主力兵團就地殲滅；王統率着當時世界上最龐大的艦隊出長江三峽，排江而下，“千尋鐵索沉江底，一片降幡出石頭”。接下去傳檄而定江南，割據江東近八十餘年的孫吳政權灰飛煙滅。
至此，三傢歸晉。司馬炎作為西晉王朝的開國君主，又創建了一統天下的勳功偉業。
可司馬炎這紈絝子弟既乏雄纔偉略，亦無宏圖大志，完全靠着繼承祖父輩的遺産，基本沒什麽懸念，就站在了歷史的高起點上。衹需作為當然的主角演一出早在傳說中的堯舜禹時代已經寫好、不久前又經過曹丕示範過的“禪讓”鬧劇，就成了一個新王朝的開創者。歷來艱難的統一戰爭如今竟然一戰定天下，簡直太順了。而且出身高貴的司馬炎儀表非凡、聰明神武、長發委地、垂手過膝，按當時的標準絶對是可以令追星少女尖叫噴血的美男子，簡直就是上天的寵兒。總之，司馬炎有十足的理由躊躇滿志、自我放縱，卻無半分開國君主應有的危機意識與深謀遠慮，這使他成為中國歷史上最荒唐的開國之君，也為西晉王朝的覆滅種下了前因。
滅吳後，晉武帝司馬炎的膏粱本色盡顯無遺，他對吳宮佳麗的興趣顯然遠遠大於對吳國戶口錢糧的興趣。他的第一道命令就是指使軍將在江南搜羅美女。除了把吳宮佳麗全數運往洛陽皇宮外，少不了順道從民間強搶大批美女一同北上。加上先前魏、蜀兩國的宮女，超過上萬人。就算一天換一個也得30年才能輪遍，輪到後面的宮女見到皇帝時肯定都成老太婆了。當有了太多選擇時往往倒不知如何選擇了，司馬炎不知從哪裏得來的荒唐主意，乘着羊車，在宮裏隨意遊逛，羊車停到哪兒，就在哪兒演繹“一夜情”。於是有些宮女就在自傢宮門前插上竹葉，地面灑上????水，好引誘皇帝的羊車前來。估計最終自然是群起效尤，於是宮內竹葉片片，????路條條，羊兒越來越肥，司馬越來越瘦……晉武帝提倡荒淫，士族自然響應。變着法子尋開心，自然是花錢如流水，雖然天下統一後納稅人增加了一倍，可司馬炎還是覺得錢不夠花，賣官鬻爵就成了斂財捷徑。有一次，司馬炎主持祭祀典禮後，興致高昂，隨口問身邊陪同的司隸校尉劉毅道：“朕與漢朝的皇帝相比，可與誰齊名啊？”劉毅倒是個有膽色的臣子，回道：“漢桓帝、漢靈帝。”桓、靈二帝被公認是東漢的亡國罪人，正驕矜自得的司馬炎當然很生氣：“怎麽能把朕與這兩個昏君相比呢？”劉毅回答說：“桓、靈二帝賣官的錢入了官庫，陛下賣官的錢進了自己的腰包，從這方面看，您還不如桓、靈二帝呢。”司馬炎氣樂了，笑道：“桓、靈之世，沒有誰敢說這樣的真話，現在朕有你這樣忠直的臣子，畢竟還是比他們強啊。”
由此可見司馬炎頗有自我解嘲的幽默感，自滿而不失厚道，荒唐卻絶不昏聵。但上既有荒唐的君主，下自有荒唐的臣子。
士族自矜門第清高，對商賈極其賤視。當時的法令規定，商賈必須一腳着白鞋，一腳着黑鞋，社會地位極低，可是士族多兼做商賈。司徒王戎傢有許多園田，親自拿着籌碼算賬，晝夜忙得不亦樂乎。傢有好李，怕買者得好種，鑽破李核纔到市上出賣。
Kai Cao Cao Mu Caoyin brothers and sisters
Related People Cao Fang Cao Huan Sima Shi Sima king was by Wang Shen Ye-Jia Chong Cheng economy
【Overview】 Romance
【255】 Town General Qiu Jian Wu, Yangzhou barbed Shiwen Qin rebellion for waste things stand, Sima division shuaibing successful crusade, but died on the way home. Sima Zhao Cao Mao powerless to prevent his successor as the major general, was Sima's affairs of state continue to be dominated.
【Historical Evaluation:】
Bell: only with Chen Si, Wu class Taejo.
More obvious
Han is to rely on despotic landlords and established political power, gradually formed the so-called "Dress for prominent families" (generation of an official) or a prestigious family name, scattered in the gun. In the struggle against the eunuchs, they complain exchange and support each other. Eunuchs failed, Nobles will be exacerbated by internal contradictions. Gentry family hope by the level of internal, patriarch of the up and down, which is allocated according to the size of official power. Wei Wendi more line facilities Naming law is legal certainty on this fait accompli. Nobles were therefore made on the support of Cao Wei. Sima's order to seize power Cao, of course, must also be support for Nobles. Hanoi established family of origin, Sima Yi first Zengyin a "wolf care with" 而遭 suspicion suspicious Cao Cao, Cao Pi usurped the throne until after the Han emperor gradually being reused. Emperor Ming Cao Rui, the result of "Peking Gongsun, the West refused to Zhuge" and gradually charge of military power, accumulate merit, and eventually became a senior official Wei, officials and power families became spokesman for the interests of class, of course. Favorable treatment he bought gentry, and, gradually Sima's group. Although the Emperor Ming dying Tuogu, but the main function of high seismic repeated suspicion and mere figurehead. So the old guys play the fool full leng, Tolerance to be, finally waiting for a chance, a coup in 249, power control of the Wei. His two sons Sima Shi and Sima Zhao is excel the predecessors, will Caowei Huang Emperor juggling being. Anger Wei Di Cao Mao's famous slogan shouted out: "more obvious."
Conquest of Wu, the Emperor Wu Emperor Wudi of the Gao Liang exhaustive character fully shown that he is clearly interested in Wu Gong Pageant is much larger than the interest on the money and grain Wu account. His first order is directed Army collecting beautiful women in the south. In addition to all the contestants Wu Gong shipped outside the Imperial Palace in Luoyang, and ultimately stopped by a large number of beautiful women from the civil robbery with north. With previously Wei, Shu ladies between the two countries over the people. Even for one day have to be round all over 30 years, turn back the ladies are sure to see the emperor as an old woman. When there are too many choices often do not know how to choose a back, Emperor Wudi do not know where to come from the absurd idea, riding sheep car, hanging around in the palace at random, parked the car to where the sheep, where the interpretation of the "one-night stand," . So some ladies planted bamboo in their own Gongmen Qian, ground sprinkled with salt, a good car to lure the sheep to come to the emperor. The final estimate is naturally rallied together to do the same, so Palace bamboo pieces, salt and road roads, Yang Er getting fat, getting thin ... ... the throne Sima promote licentious, Nobles natural response. And changing nothing, fun, nature is spending money like water, although the world has doubled after the reunification of the taxpayer can still find enough money to spend Sima Yan, sale of public became a money-making shortcuts. Once, Emperor Wudi ritual presided over the ceremony, the spirits high, casually asked around, accompanied by the Si Li Xiaowei Liu Yi said: "I compared with the Han emperor, who can equally famous ah?" Liu Yi touches have the courage of his feudal , back: "The Emperor Huan of Han, Emperor Ling of Han." Huan, Ling Han Emperor is recognized as the subjugation sinner, is proud contentment of Emperor Wudi of course very angry: "how can I do with these two headed, compared to? "Liu Yi replied:" Huan, Emperor Ling and Selling of money into the official library, His Majesty and Selling of money into their pockets, from this perspective, you might as Huan, Ling Yi Tai yet. "Sima Yan air music, and laughed: "Huan, Spirit of the world, not who would say that such truth, and now I have you to do righteous person's courtiers, after all, than they ah."
Nobles Zijin first lofty door, on the very cheap, as the merchants. Laws and regulations at the time, merchants have to kick the white shoes, black shoes, one foot, low social status, but many also offering merchants Gentry. Stuart Wang Rong house there are many vegetable garden, personally took the chips afterwards, day and night busy. Lee has a good family, good kind of fear that the buyer, before drilling a hole into the marketplace selling nuclear Lee.
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