zhào tuó Zhao Tuo
nán yuè guó
(? qián203nián～ qián137nián)
| wǎngbǐhào： | wǔ wáng | | jíguàn： | héng shān jùn zhēn dìng xiàn |
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zhào tuó （？ － qián 137 nián）， qín cháo héng shān jùn zhēn dìng xiàn（ jīn zhōng guó hé běi shěng zhèng dìng xiàn） rén， qín cháo zhù míng jiànglǐng， nán yuè guó chuàng jiàn zhě。 zhào tuó shì nán yuè guó dì yī dài wáng hé huáng dì， qián 203 nián zhì qián 137 nián zài wèi， hào chēng “ nán yuè wǔ wáng ” huò“ nán yuè wǔ dì”。
píng dìng lǐng nán
qín shǐ huáng tǒng yī qī guó zhī hòu， kāi shǐ zhuóshǒu píng dìng lǐng nán dì qū de bǎi yuè zhī dì。 qián 219 nián， qín shǐ huáng pài tú huī wéi zhù jiāng、 zhào tuó wéi fù jiāng shuài lǐng 50 wàn dà jūn píng dìng lǐng nán， tú huī yīn wéi làn shā wú gū， yǐn qǐ dāng dì rén de wán qiáng fǎn kàng， bèi dāng dì rén shā sǐ。 qín shǐ huáng chóngxīn rèn mìng rèn 'áo wéi zhù jiāng， bìng hé zhào tuó yī qǐ shuài lǐng dà jūn jīng guò sì nián nǔ lì， yú qián 214 nián wán chéng píng dìng lǐng nán de dà yè。
zhào tuó zài lóng chuān rénxiàn lìng shí kāi jué de shuǐ jǐng， chēng wéi yuè wáng jǐng
qín shǐ huáng jiē zhe zài lǐng nán shè lì liǎo nán hǎi jùn、 guì lín jùn、 xiàng jùn sān jùn， rèn 'áo bèi wěi rèn wéi nán hǎi jùn wèi。 nán hǎi jùn xià shè bó luó、 lóng chuān、 fān yú、 jiē yáng sì xiàn， lóng chuān dì lǐ wèi zhì hé jūn shì jià zhí dū jí qí zhòng yào， gù zhào tuó bèi wěi rèn wéi lóng chuān xiàn lìng。 zhào tuó dào lóng chuān（ jīn lóng chuān xiàn tuó chéng zhèn） shàng rèn hòu， cǎi qǔ“ hé ji bǎi yuè” de mín zú zhèng cè， bìng shàng shū qín shǐ huáng yào qiú cóng zhōng yuán qiān jū 50 wàn de jū mín zhì nán yuè， jiā qiáng hàn yuè de mín zú róng hé。
nán yuè chēng wáng
qín shǐ huáng sǐ hòu， qín 'èr shì jì wèi， yóu yú tā de bào zhèng jī qǐ liǎo qián 209 nián de chén shèng wú guǎng qǐ yì， jiē zhe jiù shì liú bāng hé xiàng yǔ de“ chǔ hàn xiāng zhēng”， zhōng yuán xiàn rù liǎo yī piàn hùn luàn zhuàng tài。 qián 208 nián， nán hǎi jùn wèi rèn 'áo bìng zhòng， tā lín sǐ qián bǎ shí rèn lóng chuān xiàn lìng de zhào tuó zhào lái， xiàng tā chǎn shù liǎo yǐ kào nán hǎi jùn bàng shān kào hǎi、 yòu xiǎn kě jù de yòu lì dì xíng lái jiàn lì guó jiā， yǐ dǐ kàng zhōng yuán gè qǐ yì jūn duì de qīn fàn； bìng dāng jí xiàng zhào tuó bān bù rèn mìng wén shū， ràng zhào tuó dài xíng nán hǎi jùn wèi de zhí wù。
bù jiǔ， rèn 'áo bìng wáng， zhào tuó xiàng nán lǐng gè guān kǒu de jūn duì chuán dá liǎo jù xiǎn fáng shǒu de zhǐ lìng， fáng zhǐ zhōng yuán de qǐ yì jūn duì jìn fàn， bìng jiè jī shā liǎo qín cháo 'ān zhì zài nán hǎi jùn de guān lì men， huàn shàng zì jǐ de qīn xìn。 qín cháo miè wáng hòu， qián 203 nián， zhào tuó qǐ bīng jiān bìng guì lín jùn hé xiàng jùn， zài lǐng nán dì qū jiàn lì nán yuè guó， zì chēng“ nán yuè wǔ wáng”。 nán yuè guó de jiāng tǔ， běi zhì nán lǐng（ jīn guǎng dōng běi bù、 guǎng xī běi bù hé jiāng xī nán bù yī dài）， xī zhì yè láng（ jīn guǎng xī， yún nán de dà bù）， nán zhì hǎi ( jīn yuè nán de zhōng bù hé běi bù )， dōng zhì mǐn yuè（ jīn fú jiàn nán bù）。 dū chéng zài fān yú， jīn guǎng zhōu shì。
chén fú hàn cháo
jīng guò duō nián zhēng zhàn， liú bāng jiàn lì liǎo xī hàn zhèng quán， bìng píng dìng liǎo zhōng yuán bāo kuò xiàng yǔ zài nèi de qí yú jūn shì shì lì。 ér cǐ shí de zhōng yuán， yǐ jīng bīng luàn duō nián， bǎi xìng shēng huó láo dùn kùn kǔ， suǒ yǐ liú bāng jué dìng bù yòng jūn shì jiǎo miè de fāng shì lái duì fù nán yuè guó。 qián 196 nián， hàn gāo zǔ liú bāng pài qiǎn dà fū lù jiǎ chū shǐ nán yuè， quàn zhào tuó guī hàn。 zài lù jiǎ quàn shuō xià， zhào tuó jiē shòu liǎo hàn gāo zǔ cì gěi de nán yuè wáng yìn shòu， chén fú hàn cháo， shǐ nán yuè guó chéng wéi hàn cháo de yī gè fān shǔ guó。 cǐ hòu， nán yuè guó hé hàn cháo hù pài shǐ zhě， hù xiāng tōng shì， liú bāng chéng gōng de tōng guò hé píng de fāng shì， shǐ dé zhào tuó guī shùn， méi yòu chéng wéi hàn cháo nán biān de dí duì shì lì。
nán yuè chēng dì
hàn gāo zǔ liú bāng qù shì hòu， lǚ hòu lín cháo， kāi shǐ hé zhào tuó jiāo 'è。 tā fā bù liǎo hé nán yuè jiāo jiè de dì qū jìn zhǐ xiàng nán yuè guó chū shòu tiě qì hé qí tā wù pǐn de jìn lìng。 zhào tuó jué dé lǚ hòu kě néng huì tōng guò cháng shā guó（ hàn cháo de lìng yī gè fān shǔ guó， wèi yú nán yuè guó běi bù， xiàn hú nán shěng jìng nèi） lái tūn bìng tā， yú shì zhào tuó xuān bù tuō lí hàn cháo， zì chēng“ nán yuè wǔ dì”， chū bīng gōng dǎ cháng shā guó， bìng zài gōng zhàn cháng shā guó de biān jìng shù xiàn hòu chè huí。
lǚ hòu suí jí pài qiǎn dà jiāng lóng lǜ hóu hé zhōu zào qián qù gōng dǎ zhào tuó ， dàn yóu yú zhōng yuán díshì bīng bù shì yìng nán yuè yī dài yán rèhuo cháo shī de qì hòu， fēn fēn dé bìng， lián nán lǐng dōuméi yòu yuè guò。 yī nián hòu， lǚ hòu sǐ qù， hàn cháo de jūn duì tíng zhǐ liǎo jìn gōng。
zhè shí de zhào tuó píng jiè zhe tā de jūn duì yáng wēi yú nán yuè yī dài， bìng tōng guò cái wù huì lù de fāng shì， shǐ dé mǐn yuè、 xī 'ōu hé luò yuè dū fēn fēn guī shǔ nán yuè， lǐng dì fàn wéi kuò zhāng zhì dǐng fēng。 zhào tuó yě kāi shǐ yǐ huáng dì de shēnfèn fā hào shī lìng， yǔ hàn cháo duì lì qǐ lái。
zhào tuó guī hàn
qián 179 nián， lǚ hòu sǐ hòu， hàn wén dì liú héng jí wèi， tā pài rén chóngxiū liǎo zhào tuó xiān rén de mù dì， shè zhì shǒu mù rén měi nián 'àn shí jì sì， bìng gěi zhào tuó de táng xiōng dì men shǎng cì liǎo guān zhí hé cái wù。 jiē zhe hàn wén dì zài chéngxiàng chén píng de tuī jiàn xià， rèn mìng hàn gāo zǔ shí céng duō cì chū shǐ nán yuè de lù jiǎ wéi tài zhōng dà fū， lìng qí zài cì chū shǐ nán yuè shuō fú zhào tuó guī hàn。
lù jiǎ dào liǎo nán yuè hòu， xiàng zhào tuó xiǎo yǐ lì hài guān xì， zhào tuó bèi zài cì shuō fú， jué dìng qù chú dì hào guī fù hàn cháo， réng chēng“ nán yuè wáng”。 yī zhí dào hàn jǐng dì shí dài， zhào tuó dū xiàng hàn cháo chēng chén， měi nián zài chūn qiū liǎng jì pài rén dào cháng 'ān cháo jiàn hàn cháo huáng dì， xiàng zhū hóu wáng yī yàng jiē shòu hàn cháo huáng dì de mìng lìng。 dàn shì zài nán yuè guó nèi， zhào tuó réng rán jì xù yòng zhe huáng dì de míng hào。
hàn wǔ dì jiàn yuán sì nián（ qián 137 nián） nán yuè wáng zhào tuó qù shì， xiǎng nián yuē yī bǎi yú suì， zàng yú fān yú（ jīn guǎng zhōu）。 zhào tuó sǐ hòu， qí hòu dài xù rèn liǎo sì dài nán yuè wáng。 yī zhí dào qián 111 nián， nán yuè guó bèi hàn cháo suǒ miè。
lì shǐ yǐng xiǎng
zhào tuó cóng qián 219 nián zuò wéi qín shǐ huáng píng dìng nán yuè de 50 wàn dà jūn de fù shuài， yī zhí dào hàn wǔ dì liú chè jiàn yuán sì nián（ gōng yuán qián 137 nián） qù shì， yī gòng zhì lǐ lǐng nán 81 nián。 qí jiān yóu yú tā yī zhí shí xíng“ hé ji bǎi yuè” de zhèng cè， cù jìn liǎo hàn yuè mín zú de róng hé， bìng bǎ zhōng yuán dì qū de xiān jìn wén huà dài dào liǎo nán yuè zhī dì， shǐ nán yuè dé dào liǎo gèng hǎo de fā zhǎn。
zài yuè nán chén cháo shí qī， yīn wéi tā bèi shì wéi yuè nán de huáng dì， suǒ yǐ zhuī fēng tā wéi kāi tiān tǐ dào shèng wǔ shén zhé huáng dì。
zhào tuó gù dì
* hé běi shěng shí jiā zhuāng shì： shí jiā zhuāng shì xià xiá de zhèng dìng xiàn shì zhào tuó de chū shēng dì， qín cháo shí míng wéi héng shān jùn zhēn dìng xiàn。 shí jiā zhuāng shì xīn huá qū xià xiá de zhào líng pū zhèn yòu xī hàn hàn wén dì wéi 'ān fǔ zhào tuó ér xiū de zhào tuó xiān rén mù， xiàn hái cún yòu fén zhǒng， gāi zhèn yě yīn cǐ 'ér dé míng。
* guǎng dōng shěng lóng chuān xiàn： qín cháo shí wéi nán hǎi jùn lóng chuān xiàn， zhào tuó píng dìng lǐng nán hòu zuò liǎo 6 nián lóng chuān xiàn lìng， yuán xiàn zhì suǒ zài dì wéi jì niàn zhào tuó ér mìng míng wéi tuó chéng zhèn。
* guǎng dōng shěng guǎng zhōu shì： qín cháo shí wéi nán hǎi jùn fān yú xiàn， shì nán hǎi jùn jùn zhì suǒ zài dì， zhào tuó zuò liǎo 4 nián nán hǎi jùn jùn wèi。 qín miè wáng zhī hòu， zhào tuó yòu yǐ fān yú wéi dū chéng， chuàng lì liǎo nán yuè guó。 fān yú yě shì tā de mù zàng suǒ zài dì。
Zhao Tuo (? - 137 BC), Qin Zhaoheng Hill County real Dingxian (Zhengding County, Hebei Province, China today) people, famous Qin Dynasty general, founder of the South Vietnamese state. Zhao Tuo is the king of Yue State in the first generation and the emperor, 203 BC to 137 BC in office, known as "King Wu of South Vietnam" or "South Vietnamese emperor."
Zhao Tuo any magistrate in Longchuan when digging wells, well known as the king of Yue
Qin Shi Huang's death, Emperor Qin to the throne because of his tyranny provoked 209 years before Chen Sheng Wu Guang Uprising, followed by Liu Bang and Xiang Yu's "competition between Chu and Han", the Central Plains into a chaotic state. 208 BC, the South China Sea lieutenant of any clamor ill, he died before the magistrate of Zhao Tuo Ren Longchuan when summoned, he explained to rely on the South China Sea Hills in the county sea, there are risks to the favorable terrain, according to the establishment of national, to the uprising against the military's violation of the Central Plains; and immediately promulgated the instrument of appointment to the Southern Yue, Zhao Tuo took the South China Sea to lieutenant positions.
After years of conquests, Liu Bang established the Western Han Dynasty, and put down the rest of the Central Plains, including military forces, including Xiang Yu. At a time when the Central Plains, has Bingluan years, people suffering fatigue life, so Liu Bang decided not to use military means to destroy the country against South Vietnam. 196 BC, Han emperor Liu Bang Lu Jia ambassador to South Vietnam to send doctors to persuade Zhao Tuo Gui Han. Persuasion in the Lu Jia, Zhao Tuo accepted the Han emperor gave the South Vietnamese king seal, and submit to the Han Dynasty, Han Dynasty to the South Vietnamese state to become a vassal state. Since then, the South Vietnamese States and Han exchange of envoys to each other through city, Liu success through peaceful means, making Zhao Tuo allegiance, did not become hostile forces in the south of the Han Dynasty.
Empress Lu Hou then consider Long sending generals to attack Zhao Tuo Zhou stove, but not suited to the South Vietnamese soldiers in the Central Plains along the hot and humid climate, have become ill, even Nanling have not crossed. A year later, Empress died, the Han army to stop the attack.
179 BC, after the death of Empress Lu, Han Wen Heng ascended the throne, he sent for rehabilitation of Zhao Tuo ancestor's grave, the grave keeper, who set the time and sacrifice every year, and Zhao Tuo cousins to reward the office and property. Then in the prime minister of Han Wen Chan's recommendation, appointed ambassador to South Vietnam many times during the Han emperor of Falluja to the doctor too, so that it again ambassador to South Vietnam to persuade Zhao Tuo Gui Han.
Historical influence
Zhao Tuo old haunt
* Guangzhou: South China Sea during the Qin Dynasty Fan Yuxian County, the seat of the South China Sea county Gunji, Zhao Tuo made a 4-year county lieutenant of the South China Sea. After the demise of the Qin, Zhao Tuo Youyi Panyu for the capital, the creation of the South Vietnamese state. Panyu is also the location of his burial.
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