南越国 人物列表
赵佗 Zhao Tuo赵眜 Zhao Mo赵婴齐 Zhao Yingji
赵兴 Zhao Xing赵建德 Zhao Jiande
赵眜 Zhao Mo
南越国  (?前137年前122年)
网笔号: 文王
开端终结
在位前137年前122年

  赵眜(?-前122年),《史记》称为赵胡,中国西汉时期南越国的第二代君主,公元前137年至前122年在位,是南越国第一代君主赵佗的孙子,号称“南越文王”或“南越文帝”。他的陵墓位于今广州市解放北路的象岗山上,是著名的“南越王墓”。
  
  汉武帝建元四年(前137年),第一代南越王赵佗去世。由于他去世时已达百岁高龄,其儿子都已经死去,他的王位交由孙子赵眜继承,成为第二代的南越王。
  
  赵眜即位两年后,公元前135年,闽越王邹郢借机向南越国发动战争,攻打南越国的边境城镇。赵眜刚继承王位不久,国内民心还不稳,这时只好向汉武帝上书,说明闽越侵犯南越的事实,并请求汉武帝处理此事。汉武帝对赵眜的做法大加赞扬,称其忠于臣属之职,不兴兵互相攻击,并派遣王恢、韩安国两将军前去讨伐闽越。汉朝的军队还没有越过南岭,闽越王的弟弟余善就发动叛变,杀死了闽越王邹郢,投降了汉朝,于是汉朝的军队停止了讨伐的行动。
  
  汉武帝随后将余善立为新的闽越王,并派遣中大夫严助前往南越国将处理闽越的事告谕赵眜赵眜得知后,向严助表达了对汉武帝的深刻谢意,并告诉严助,南越国刚遭受过闽越的入侵,等处理完后事后,他就去汉朝的京城朝见汉武帝。随后,还派太子赵婴齐跟随严助回汉朝的朝廷当宿卫。
  
  严助离开后,南越国的大臣们用赵佗的遗训向赵眜进谏,劝赵眜不要去汉朝的京城,以免被汉武帝找借口扣留,回不来南越,就成亡国的形势了。于是,赵眜在以后统治南越的十二年中,一直以生病为借口没有入朝见汉武帝。
  
  公元前122年,赵眜病重,其儿子赵婴齐向汉武帝请求回到南越国。赵眜死后,赵婴齐继承王位。
  
  历史影响
  赵眜在位一共16年,长期患病,性情软弱,没什么建树。他虽然在闽越侵犯南越之时,巧妙的把汉武帝搬了出来,让汉武帝来对付闽越,而自己不用大伤元气。但此举,也使赵佗时期就已经役属南越国的闽越,和南越国脱离了役属关系,而直接受制于汉朝中央,使南越国实际上被孤立起来。
  
  同时,又使汉武帝找到借口,派严助假借表彰赵眜能忠于臣属之职为名,请赵眜赴京朝见汉武帝,最后迫使赵眜把儿子赵婴齐送到了汉武帝身边达12年之久,为日后南越国内部之乱埋下了伏笔。
  
  陵墓
  赵眜死后,陵墓建在南越国都城番禺的西北角(今广州市解放北路的象岗山上),历经2000多年,始终没有受到侵扰。1983年在此地建楼宇时被发现,被称为“南越王墓”,在陵墓内共出土随葬品1000多件,被认为是岭南地区已发现的陵墓当中,规模最大,随葬品最多,墓主人身份最高的陵墓。该墓出土的“文帝行玺”金印也正好说明,在他生前曾自封为“南越文帝”。1988年,在他陵墓的原址建成“西汉南越王墓博物馆”,对陵墓和出土文物进行保护。
  
  《史记》之误
  《史记》里一直把南越国第二代王“南越文王”称为赵胡,但1983年“南越王墓”被挖掘后,在出土的印章中发现“赵眜”的玉印和“文帝行玺”的金印,经考古学家证实,确认了“赵眜”应该是《史记》所载的“赵胡”的真名,而“赵胡”应该是司马迁在编写《史记》时出现的错误,也可能是后人传抄错了。


  Emperor Wu Chien-yuan four years (137 BC), king of the first generation of South Vietnam Zhao Tuo's death. As the centenary of his death reached old age, his son has died, his throne by the grandson of Zhao Mo succession, became the second-generation South Vietnamese king.
  Yan aid left, the country's ministers of South Vietnam with the teachings of the Zhao Zhao Tuo Mo remonstrances Zhao Mo advised not to go to the capital of the Han Dynasty, Emperor Wu of Han excuse to avoid being detained, not come back South Vietnam, the situation has become subjugated. Thus, Zhao Mo in South Vietnam after years of rule, has been ill for Korea as an excuse to not see the Emperor.
  Zhao Mo total reign of 16 years, the chronically ill, weak temperament, no achievements. Although he was in violation of Fujian and when South Vietnam, Han clever move out to allow Han to deal with the Minyue, but they can be debilitating. However this, Zhao Tuo also had served are South Vietnam during the country's Minyue, and the south of the country is out of the labor relations, and directly influenced by the Han central to the South Vietnamese national in fact be isolated.
  Zhao Mo's death, mausoleum built in the northwest corner of the South Vietnamese state capital of Panyu (now North Jiefang Road, Guangzhou City, the hill like a post), after 2,000 years, has not been intrusive. Buildings built in 1983 is found here, called "South Vietnam Tomb" in the funerary objects unearthed from the tombs of more than 1,000 pieces, is considered to have been found in the tomb of the Lingnan region among the largest and most funerary objects, owner of the tomb the tomb of the highest status. The tomb, "Wen Xi line" gold seal also shows in his lifetime had himself as "South Vietnam Wen." In 1988, the site of his tomb into a "more Mausoleum Mausoleum of the Nanyue Museum", the protection of the tomb and relics.
<< 前一君主: 武王 赵佗南越国赵眜 Zhao Mo
(前137年前122年)
后一君主 >>: 明王 赵婴齐
    

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