秦国
(
前428年～
前400年)
（约前428年—前400年）
战国时期秦国君主。嬴姓，赵氏，名悼子。怀公之子，灵公叔父。公元前 414～前400年在位。前413年，
秦简公出师攻魏，败于郑(今陕西华县西南)。前409年，简公令官吏带剑以防身。这是秦人积极仿效华夏，革新礼制的一大措施；次年，又允许百姓带剑。同年，魏伐秦，尽占河西地，筑洛阴、县两城，秦退守洛水(今陕西境内洛水)，为加强防御，保障国内改革，简公组织军民在东境修筑长城。这是战国时期最早的长城，又称秦东长城。长城南起今陕西华阴县东南小张村附近，由此趋向东北越过渭河，沿洛河右岸北上，经大荔蒲城、白水等县，北止于白水县黄龙山南麓。今华阴县城东、蒲城县东南，尚有秦长城遗址。
秦简公在政治、经济上有一定改革，他允许官吏、百姓带剑，打破了只有贵族才能带剑的特权；实行按土地亩数征收租税的政策，则是承认了“私田”的合法性，表明秦国开始向封建制度转化。
Warring States period Qin Guojun Lord. Win last name, Zhao, were mourning son. Pregnant with the son of the public, the public spirit of his uncle. BC 414 ~ 400 years before the reign. 413 years ago, public apprenticeship Gong Wei Qin, defeated Zheng (now Shaanxi Hua county Southwest). 409 years ago, Jane Public Order officials to self-defense with a sword. This is a positive follow Qin China, a major reform measures ritual system; the following year, they allow people with a sword. In the same year, Wei Fa Qin, hold all the Hexi Corridor, the building Luo Yin, county two cities, Qin retreated to the Lo (now Shaanxi Luoshui), to strengthen the defense, protection of domestic reform, public organizations, military and civilian simple construction of the Great Wall in East territory. This is the Warring States period, the first Great Wall, also known as the Great Wall of Qin East. Great Wall Huayin County, Shaanxi Province, south from the southeast near the village of Xiao Zhang, thus tend to northeast across the Weihe River, north along the right bank of the Luo, by Dali Pucheng, White counties, the southern foot of the North beyond the Baishui Huanglong Hill. This Huayin County East, Southeast Pucheng County, there are ruins of Qin Great Wall. Qin public in the political, economic, there are some reforms, he allowed officials, people with a sword, broken sword only with the privilege of nobility can; implement tax levied by a few acres of land policy, it is recognition of the "private field" of legal nature of the feudal system that began to transform the state of Qin.