jī fǔ luó sī( KievanRus),
yòu míng gǔ luó sī、
luó sī guó,
shì yī gè yóu 880
nián zhì 12
shì jì zhōng yè,
yǐ jī fǔ wéi shǒu dū,
dōng sī lā fū rén wéi zhù tǐ de zǎo qī guó jiā。
gēn jù shǐ xué shǐ de guān diǎn,
jī fǔ luó sī bèi rèn wéi shì sān gè xiàn dài dōng sī lā fū rén guó jiā(
bái '
é luó sī、
é luó sī jí wū kè lán)
de qián shēn。
fú lā jī mǐ '
ěr yī shì ·
sī wéi yà tuō sī lā wéi qí hé tā de '
ér zǐ yǎ luó sī lā fū tǒng zhì de shí qī,
bèi rèn wéi shì jī fǔ de huáng jīn shí qī。
dāng shí tā men jiē nà liǎo dōng zhèng jiào,
yě chuàng lì liǎo dōng sī lā fū fǎ diǎn( RusskayaPravda)。
qǐ yuán
dà yuē zài 8
zhì 9
shì jì,
dōng sī lā fū rén zhàn zhēng pín fán。
zài 862
nián nuò màn rén liú lǐ kè de jūn duì zhàn jù liǎo nuò fū gē luó dé,
bìng dēng shàng jī fǔ dà gōng de bǎo zuò,
jiàn lì liǎo luó sī wáng guó。 879
nián liú lǐ kè qù shì,
ào liè gé jì rèn wáng gōng bìng nán zhēng sī mó lēng sī kè hé bō luò cí kè。 882
nián zhàn lǐng jī fǔ bìng qiān dū jī fǔ。
jī fǔ luó sī gōng guó shí qī zhèng shì zhǎn kāi。
zǎo zài gōng yuán 1
shì jì,
zài zhōng、
dōng '
ōu de dì niè bó hé、
ào dé hé、
wéi sī wǎ hé jí bù gé hé liú yù biàn zhù zhe liǎo sī lā fū rén。
zhì 6
shì jì,
sī lā fū rén fēn wéi dōng sī lā fū rén、
xī sī lā fū rén hé nán sī lā fū rén。
dōng sī lā fū rén fēn bù zài dì niè bó hé zhōng、
shàng yóu,
ào kǎ hé、
fú '
ěr jiā hé shàng yóu,
xī dé wéi nà hé yī dài,
chéng wéi '
é luó sī rén、
bái '
é luó sī rén jí wū kè lán rén de zǔ xiān。
dào liǎo gōng yuán 7、 8
shì jì,
dōng sī lā fū rén yòu liǎng gè zhǔn guó jiā zǔ zhì,
yǐ jī fǔ wéi zhōng xīn de kù yǎ bā jí yǐ nuò fū gē luó dé wéi zhōng xīn de sī lā wéi yà。 862
nián,
yóu yú sī lā wéi luò yà gè bù luò wéi zhēng duó quán lì '
ér nèi zhàn bù xiū,
shǐ gè bù jīng pí lì jìn,
yú shì shāng yì xún zhǎo yī wèi wáng gōng lái zhì lǐ gè bù,
cái jué jiū fēn。
zài tā men yǎn zhōng,
zhù zài běi '
ōu sī kān de nà wéi yà de wǎ liáng gé rén(
jí luó sī rén)
jīng míng néng gān,
zhì xù jǐng rán,
yú shì yāo qǐng wǎ liáng gé rén shǒu lǐng liú lǐ kè dāng tā men dà gōng。
liú lǐ kè wáng cháo yóu cǐ kāi shǐ。 879
nián,
liú lǐ kè shēn wáng,
dà gōng zhī wèi yóu '
ào liè gé jiē zhǎng。
ào liè gé rèn wéi nuò fū gē luó dé dì shì piān pì,
bù lì fā zhǎn,
jì yú nán fāng de jī fǔ。 882
nián tā shuài bīng nán xià,
shǒu xiān zhàn lǐng liǎo sī mó lēng sī kè hé liǔ bié qí,
rán hòu nán xià jī fǔ。
ào liè gé dìng dū jī fǔ,
chēng wéi “ zhū luó sī chéng shì zhī mǔ ”。
zhī hòu,
tā jì xù zhēng kè zhōu wéi de bù luò,
jiāng dōng sī lā fū rén bù luò de sī luò wén rén、
kè lǐ wéi qí rén、
dé liè fú lì '
ān rén、
xiè wéi lì '
ān rén、
lā dí mǐ qí rén yǐ jí fēi sī lā fū rén de mài lǐ yà rén、
wéi xī rén hé chǔ dé rén zhì yú kòng zhì zhī xià,
zhè yàng biàn xíng chéng liǎo yī gè yǐ jī fǔ wéi zhōng xīn de guó jiā,
shǐ chēng jī fǔ luó sī。
jī fǔ luó sī zài gōng yuán shí sān shì jì bèi jīn zhàng hàn guó zhàn lǐng。
×1223
nián měnggǔ jūn duì zài bá dū hàn(
é yǔ: Баты)
de dài lǐng xià zhēn chá jī fǔ luó sī,
luó sī gè dà gōng yǔ cháng qī de chóu dí bō luò cí rén zǔ chéng lián méng,
zài kǎ '
ěr kǎ hé '
àn yǔ hàn guó zhēn chá jūn duì jiāo fēng。
yóu yú luó sī gè gōng guó dà gōng duì měnggǔ hàn guó bù liǎo jiě,
zài jiā shàng nèi bù bù hé,
bèi bāo wéi hòu jiān miè, 5
wèi dà gōng zhèn wáng。
suí hòu měnggǔ jūn yǔ 1237
nián jī pò fú '
ěr jì mǐ '
ěr gōng guó shǒu fǔ fú '
ěr jì mǐ '
ěr,
jīng guò gè gōng guó jìng nèi zhé huí bǔjǐ,
yòu zài 1239
nián chóngxīn qīn lüè luó sī guò jìng,
zài 1240
nián zhàn lǐng jī fǔ,
dài biǎo zhe měnggǔ 240
nián tǒng zhì de kāi shǐ。 ×
yǐ shàng zī liào lái zì '
é luó sī 10
nián jí lián bāng jiào kē shū(
jiào kē shū biān zhě А.Н.Сахаров)
Kievan Rus' (Old East Slavic Рѹ́сь IPA: [rusĭ], Greek: Ρωσία, Latin: Russia, Ruthenia, Belarusian: Кіеўская Русь, Russian: Ки́евская Русь, romanised: Kievskaya Rus’, IPA: [rusʲ], Ukrainian: Ки́ївська Русь), usually written simply Kievan Rus and sometimes Kyivan Rus', was a medieval state which existed from approximately 880 to the middle of the 13th century. Founded by the Scandinavian traders (Varangians) called "Rus'" and centered in the city of Kiev (now the capital of Ukraine), Rus' polity is widely considered an early predecessor of three modern East Slavic nations: Belarusians, Russians, and Ukrainians, although attempts to nationalize the medieval state's history are common among historians from the three countries.
The reigns of Vladimir the Great (980–1015) and his son Yaroslav I the Wise (1019–1054) constitute the Golden Age of Kiev, which saw the acceptance of Christianity and the creation of the first East Slavic written legal code, the Russkaya Pravda. The early leaders of Rus' were most likely a Scandinavian warrior-elite that ruled a majority of Slavic subjects. Scandinavians gradually intermarried and merged with the Slavic population — the third known ruler of Rus', Sviatoslav I, Rurik's grandson, already has a Slavic name. Michael Psellus asserts that Scandinavians continued to remain in control until at least the mid-11th century. The state's power gradually fell due to the decline of Constantinople, the drying up of troude routes, and the subsequent Mongol invasion of Rus'.