dé guó qián dōng bù lǐng tǔ（
dé wén： ehemaligedeutscheOstgebiete）
shì zhǐ wèi yú '
ào dé hé -
ní sī hé xiàn yǐ dōng，
céng jīng dé dào guó jì gōng rèn shǔ yú dé guó lǐng tǔ yī bù fēn de suǒ yòu shěng fèn huò dì qū。
cóng 1919
nián dào 1990
nián，
zhè xiē lǐng tǔ de bù fēn huò quán bù，
shòu dào xǔ duō wài jiāo huó dòng de zhī pèi。
zài liǎng cì shì jiè dà zhàn zhī jiān，
dé guó xǔ duō rén，
tè bié shì nà cuì dǎng dǎng yuán，
shēng chēng zhè xiē gēn jù fán '
ěr sài tiáo yuē gē ràng de dé guó lǐng tǔ yīngdāng guī hái dé guó。
zhè yī yào qiú shì dì '
èr cì shì jiè dà zhàn de zhòng yào qián yīn。
zhàn hòu，
suǒ wèi “ dé guó wèn tí ” yī zhí shì zhàn hòu dé guó lì shǐ yǔ zhèng zhì de yī gè zhòng yào yīn sù。
zhēng lùn zài duì lěng zhàn zhèng zhì yǔ wài jiāo de tán pàn zhōng bàn yǎn zhòng yào juésè，
yě wéi 1990
nián dé guó chóngxīn tǒng yī zuò liǎo zhǔn bèi。
dì yī cì shì jiè dà zhàn zhī hòu，
dé guó zài 1919
nián de《
fán '
ěr sài tiáo yuē》
zhōng tǒng yī fàng qì zhè xiē lǐng tǔ。
rù qīn bō lán hòu，
dé guó shōu fù bìng hé bìng liǎo zhè xiē lǐng tǔ。 1945
nián，
dì '
èr cì shì jiè dà zhàn jié shù shí，
dé guó tū rán shī qù liǎo suǒ yòu '
ào dé hé -
ní sī hé xiàn yǐ dōng lǐng tǔ，
zhè shí guó jì gōng rèn de lǐng tǔ wán zhěng quán lì bèi qì zhī bù gù。
1990
nián，
dé guó zhèng shì chéng rèn liǎo tā chóngxīn tǒng yī shí de dōng bù biān jiè，
zhōng zhǐ duì '
ào dé hé -
ní sī hé xiàn yǐ dōng lǐng tǔ de zhù quán yào qiú。
yòng fǎ
bō cí tǎn xié dìng jiāng zhè cì zhuǎn ràng de lǐng tǔ chēng wéi“
dé guó qián lǐng tǔ [
ào dé hé -
ní sī hé xiàn yǐ dōng ]”，
tōng cháng jiāng zhè zhǒng miáo shù chēng wéi“
ào dé hé -
ní sī hé xiàn yǐ dōng de qián dé guó lǐng tǔ”。
dé guó dōng bù lǐng tǔ 1871-1945
dé yì zhì dì guó de jiàn lì
zài 1871
nián dé yì zhì dì guó chéng lì shí，
pǔ lǔ shì shì dì guó nèi zuì dà de、
zhàn yōu shì de bù fēn。
yīn cǐ，
dōng bó lán dēng bǎo、
xī lǐ xī yà、
bō měi lā ní yà、
pǔ lǔ shì shěng hé bō sēn zhè xiē lǐng tǔ chéng wéi gòu chéng dé yì zhì dì guó de lǐng tǔ zhōng de initial
lǐng tǔ。
hòu lái，
zhè xiē lǐng tǔ jiāng yào chēng wéi dé yì zhì dì guó de dōng bù lǐng tǔ（ OstgebietedesdeutschenReiches）。
zài yī xiē dì fāng，
lì rú bō sēn hé shàng xī lǐ xī yà nán bù，
dà bù fēn rén kǒu shì bō lán rén，
ér qí tā dì qū dū yǐ dé guó rén zhàn jué duì yōu shì。
dé guó rén hé bō lán rén de zá jū yǐn qǐ guān yú zhè xiē lǐng tǔ yìng shǔ yú dé guó hái shì bō lán de zhēng lùn，
zhè yī zhēng lùn zài '
èr zhàn yǐ qián zhì shǎo chí xù liǎo sì fēn zhī sān gè shì jì。
fán '
ěr sài tiáo yuē
dì yī cì shì jiè dà zhàn jié shù hòu，
fán '
ěr sài tiáo yuē pò shǐ dé guó jiāng bù fēn lǐng tǔ jiāo gěi qí tā guó jiā。
zài zhōng '
ōu dì qū bāo kuò：
dì '
èr cì shì jiè dà zhàn
dì '
èr cì shì jiè dà zhàn kāi shǐ shí，
dé guó rù qīn bō lán，
bìng hé bìng liǎo zài fán '
ěr sài tiáo yuē zhōng shī qù de dōng bù lǐng tǔ
1939
nián qīn rù bō lán yǐ hòu，
dì sān dì guó jiāng zhè xiē tǔ dì bìng rù dé yì zhì dì guó fàng qì gěi bō lán dì '
èr gòng hé guó
bō cí tǎn xié dìng
dì '
èr cì shì jiè dà zhàn zhī hòu，
gēn jù 1945
nián 7
yuè 13
rì dào 8
yuè 2
rì shāng dìng de bō cí tǎn xié dìng，
suǒ yòu '
ào dé hé -
ní sī hé xiàn yǐ dōng de dì qū，
bù lùn shì guó jì shè huì gōng rèn de dé guó lǐng tǔ，
hái shì dé guó zài '
èr zhàn zhōng zhàn lǐng de lǐng tǔ，
zhù quán quán bù jiāo gěi qí tā guó jiā。
bō cí tǎn xié dìng zhōng de xiāng guān duàn luò rú xià：
wǔ、
gē ní sī bǎo shì jí qí lín jìn qū yù .
TheConferenceexaminedaproposalby
sū lián zhèng fǔ totheeffectthatpendingthefinaldeterminationofterritorialquestionsatthepeacesettlement,thesectionofthewesternfrontierofthe
sū wéi '
āi shè huì zhù yì gòng hé guó whichisadjacenttothe
bō luó de hǎi shouldpassfromapointontheeasternshoreoftheBayofDanzigtotheeast,northofBraunsberg-Goldap,tothemeetingpointof
lì táo wǎn biān jìng，
bō lán gòng hé guó yǐ jí dōng pǔ lǔ shì .
TheConferencehasagreedinprincipletotheproposalof
sū lián zhèng fǔ concerningtheultimatetransfertothe
sū lián ofthe
gē ní sī bǎo andtheareaadjacenttoitasdescribedabovesubjecttoexpertexaminationoftheactualfrontier.
měi guó zǒng tǒng hé yīng guó shǒuxiàng havedeclaredtggghattheywillsupporttheproposaloftheConferenceattheforthcomingpeacesettlement.
bā、
bō lán
...
yīng guó hé měi guó zhèng fǔ havetakenmeasurestoprotecttheinterestofthePolishProvisionalGovernmentofNationalUnityastherecognizedgovernmentofthePolishStateinthepropertybelongingtothePolishStatelocatedintheirterritoriesandundertheircontrol,whatevertheformofthispropertymaybe.
...
InconformitywiththeagreementonPolandreachedatthe
kè lǐ mǐ yà tiáo yuē thethreeHeadsofGovernmenthavesoughttheopinionofthePolishProvisionalGovernmentofNationalUnityinregardtotheaccessionofterritoryinthenorthandwestwhichPolandshouldreceive.ThePresidentoftheNationalCouncilofPolandandmembersofthePolishProvisionalGovernmentofNationalUnityhavebeenreceivedattheConferenceandhavefullypresentedtheirviews.ThethreeHeadsofGovernmentreaffirmtheiropinionthatthefinaldelimitationofthewesternfrontierofPolandshouldawaitthepeacesettlement.ThethreeHeadsofGovernmentagreethat,pendingthefinaldeterminationofPoland'swesternfrontier,the
qián dé guó lǐng tǔ castofalinerunningfromtheBalticSeaimmediatelywestofSwinamunde,andthencealongtheOderRivertotheconfluenceofthe
ní sī hé xī '
àn andalongtheWesternNeissetotheCzechoslovakfrontier,includingthatportionof
dōng pǔ lǔ shì notplacedundertheadministrationoftheUnionofSovietSocialistRepublicsinaccordancewiththeunderstandingreachedatthisconferenceandincludingtheareaoftheformerfreecityofDanzig,shallbeundertheadministrationofthePolishStateandforsuchpurposesshouldnotbeconsideredaspartofthe
sū lián jūn shì zhàn lǐng qū .(Emphasisadded)
tóng méng guó yě zuò chū liǎo yǐ xià de xié yì :
XII.OrderlytransferofGermanpopulations.
sān guó zhèng fǔ（
sū lián、
měi guó hé yīng guó） ,havingconsideredthequestioninallitsaspects,recognizethatthetransfertoGermanyofGermanpopulations,orelementsthereof,remaininginPoland,CzechoslovakiaandHungary,willhavetobeundertaken.Theyagreethatanytransfersthattakeplaceshouldbeeffectedinanorderlyandhumanemanner.
becauseinthewordsofWinstonChurchill
Expulsionisthemethodwhich,insofaraswehavebeenabletosee,willbethemostsatisfactoryandlasting.Therewillbenomixtureofpopulationstocauseendlesstrouble
dì '
èr cì shì jiè dà zhàn yǐ hòu
zài 1945
nián dào 1990
nián zhī jiān，
guān yú zhè xiē lǐng tǔ de zuì zhōng bù shǔ yī zhí shì guó jì zhēng yì de zhù tí
xī dé（
dé yì zhì lián bāng gòng hé guó）
zhèng fǔ qīng xiàng yú shǐ yòng“
bō lán hé sū lián tǒng zhì xià de qián dé guó lǐng tǔ”。
zhè shì bō cí tǎn xié dìng zhōng shǐ yòng de cuò cí，
dàn zhǐ yòu dé yì zhì lián bāng gòng hé guó zhè yàng shǐ yòng，
yīn wéi bō lán hé sū lián zhèng fǔ jù jué shǐ yòng zhè gè shuō fǎ，
yīn wéi zhè '
àn shì zhè xiē lǐng tǔ yòu yī tiān jiāng guī hái dé guó。
bō lán zhèng fǔ qīng xiàng yú shǐ yòng de cuò cí shì shōu fù lǐng tǔ（ RecoveredTerritories），
qiáng diào zhè xiē lǐng tǔ guò qù céng jīng shǔ yú bō lán，
shì zài 1945
nián jiāng qí cóng nà cuì dé guó shōu fù。
qiǎn sòng dé guó rén
wèi yú '
ào dé hé -
ní sī hé xiàn yǐ dōng，
shàng wèi táo lí（ 1944
nián dōng -1945
nián）
de dà bù fēn dé yǔ rén kǒu jūn bèi sū lián hóng jūn wú tiáo jiàn qū zhú，
bù guǎn tā men shì yǐ jīng zài cǐ jū zhù liǎo jǐ gè shì jì，
hái shì zài '
èr zhàn zhōng xīn jìn yí mín lái cǐ。
tóng shí，
shù yǐ bǎi wàn jì de bō lán rén yě bèi cóng bìng rù sū lián de qián bō lán dōng bù lǐng tǔ tián chōng zhè yī qū yù。
zhàn hòu chū qī，
dé guó zī liào tōng cháng yǐn yòng de chè tuì hé qū zhú de dé guó rén shù jù wéi 1600
wàn，
dōng fāng zhèng cè
chóngxīn tǒng yī hé dōng bù lǐng tǔ dì wèi de zuì zhōng jiě jué
Former eastern territories of Germany (German: Ehemalige deutsche Ostgebiete) is a term that describes the territories that comprise collectively those provinces or regions east of the current eastern border of Germany which were internationally recognised as the territory of Germany after the formation of the German Empire in 1871 and were lost by Germany during and after the two world wars. These territories include the Province of Posen (lost in World War I) and East Prussia, Farther Pomerania, East Brandenburg and Silesia (lost in World War II); and other, smaller regions. In present-day Germany, the term is usually meant to refer only to the territories lost in World War II.