dé guó gé mìng yòu chēng wéi shí yī yuè gé mìng，
shì dé guó zài 1918
nián yǔ 1919
nián fā shēng de yī lián chuàn shì jiàn，
zhì shǐ dé guó huáng dì wēi lián '
èr shì bèi tuī fān yǐ jí wēi mǎ gòng hé guó de jiàn lì。
rú '
é luó sī de '
èr yuè gé mìng，
dé guó gé mìng bìng fēi yóu rèn hé yī gè zhèng dǎng lǐng dǎo，
lèi sì sū wéi '
āi de gōng rén tuán tǐ yì qǐ tú duó quán。
dàn zhè xiē shì jiàn zhǐ lìng zuǒ pài fènzǐ gèng fēn liè，
yīn wéi shè huì mín zhù dǎng lǐng dǎo de gòng hé zhèng fǔ lì yòng yòu yì de zì yóu jūn tuán，
zhèn yā zuǒ yì de sī bā dá kè tóng méng。
zhèng rú '
é luó sī de gé mìng bān，
dì yī cì shì jiè dà zhàn dǎo zhì de zāinàn yǐn fā dé guó gé mìng。
dé jūn tǒng shuài '
āi lǐ xī ·
lǔ dēng dào fū xiǎng lǐng dǎo jūn duì zài 1918
nián xiàng méng jūn tóu jiàng，
jiēguǒ yǐn qǐ zhèng zhì wēi jī。
wēi lián '
èr shì tuì wèi hòu hòu，
suī rán bā dēng qīn wáng rèn mìng shè huì mín zhù dǎng dài biǎo lǐng dǎo lín shí zhèng fǔ，
dàn réng wèi néng zǔ zhǐ pàn luàn bào fā。
1918
nián 10
yuè 29
rì zhì 11
yuè 3
rì，
jī '
ěr gǎng shǒu xiān fā shēng qǐ yì。
sì wàn míng hǎi yuán jí chuán zhǐ rèn wéi dé guó zài zhàn zhēng zhōng dà shì yǐ qù，
chū zhàn zhǐ shì zì qǔ miè wáng，
yú shì kàng jù hǎi jūn de chū bīng mìng lìng。 11
yuè 8
rì shí，
gōng rén yǔ shì bīng de yì huì yǐ zhàn lǐng liǎo dé guó xī bù de dà bù fēn，
wéi “ yì huì gòng hé ” zuò zhǔn bèi。 11
yuè 9
rì，
wēi lián '
èr shì bèi pò tuì wèi，
dé yì zhì dì guó miè wáng。
zòng rán rú cǐ，
réng yòu bù shǎo shàng chǎn huò zhōng chǎn de fènzǐ zhī chí dì zhì。
shè huì mín zhù dǎng yuè shēng chéng wéi lǐng dǎo dé guó de zhèng dǎng，
yǔ jī jìn de dé guó dú lì shè huì mín zhù dǎng（ UnabhängigeSozialdemokratischeParteiDeutschlands）
gòng tóng zhí zhèng。
bù guò，
dú lì shè mín dǎng rèn wéi，
shè mín dǎng xiǎng bǎo chí zī běn zhù yì zài dé guó de xiàn zhuàng，
biàn zài 12
yuè tuō lí lián hé zhèng fǔ。
qí hòu， 1919
nián 1
yuè，
sī bā dá kè tóng méng fā dòng dì '
èr gǔ gé mìng làng cháo，
ràng tā héng sǎo dé guó。
shè mín dǎng zhù xí fú lǐ dé lǐ xī ·
ài bó tè pìn yòng zì yóu jūn tuán zhèn yā qǐ yì。 1
yuè 15
rì，
sī bā dá kè tuán liǎng wèi lǐng dǎo rén kǎ '
ěr ·
lǐ bǔ kè nèi xī yǔ luó suō ·
lú sēn bǎo cǎn zāo shā hài。 5
yuè，
gòng hé guó chéng gōng zhèn yā liǎo gé mìng。
dé guó gé mìng cù chéng wēi mǎ gòng hé guó de chéng lì，
tóng shí yòu cù shǐ nà cuì dǎng de jué qǐ。
The German Revolution (German: Novemberrevolution) was the politically-driven civil conflict in Germany at the end of World War I. The period lasted from November 1918 until the formal establishment of the Weimar Republic in August 1919.
The roots of the revolution can be found in the social tensions of the German Empire, its undemocratic constitution and the unwillingness or inability of its leaders to reform. The revolution was triggered by the policy of the Supreme Command[clarification needed]and the decision of the Naval Command in the face of defeat to deliver one last battle to the British Royal Navy. The sailor’s revolt which then ensued in the naval ports of Wilhelmshaven and Kiel spread across the whole country within days and led to the proclamation of a republic on 9 November 1918 and shortly thereafter to the abdication of Kaiser Wilhelm II.
Further-reaching goals of the revolutionaries inspired by communist ideas failed because of the resistance of the Social Democratic Party of Germany leadership in January 1919. Fearing an all-out civil war they, in line with the middle-class parties, did not have in mind to completely strip the old imperial elites of their power. Instead they sought to reconcile them with the new democratic conditions. In this endeavour they sought an alliance with the Supreme Command and had the army and Freikorps (nationalist militias) quell the so-called Spartacist uprising by force.