jiào edificatoryfēnlèibiǎo
jiào xué doctrine

  jiào xué shì jiào shī de jiào xué shēng de xué suǒ chéng de zhǒng rén lèi yòu de rén cái péi yǎng huó dòngtōng guò zhè zhǒng huó dòngjiào shī yòu mùdìyòu jìhuàyòu zhì yǐn dǎo xué shēng jué xué jiā zhǎng wén huà xué chǔ zhī shí běn néng jìn xué shēng duō fāng miàn zhì quán miàn gāoshǐ men chéng wéi shè huì suǒ yào de rén
   jiǎn dān shuō láijiào xué jiù shì jiào shī jiào xué shēng xué zuò wéi xué shēng lái jiǎngzhī shí shì zhòng yào dedàn shì zhī shí gèng zhòng yào de shì huò zhī shí de fāng
   jiào xué shì xué xiào shí xiàn jiào mùdìwán chéng jiào rèn de běn jìngrén lèi jīng guò qiān bǎi wàn nián de fǎn cháng shì shí jiàn xìng xuǎn cóng qián rén suǒ chū lái de duō yàng de jīng yàn chuán shòu jìng zhōng shāi xuǎn chū zhǒng zuì yòu xué shēng shēn xīn zhǎn de jìng bǎo liú xià lái xué xiào jiào xué wài huó dòng zhǒng xíng shì de láo dòngxué shēng zhì de huó dòngshè huì gōng huó dòngjiā tíng huó dòng děngchéng wéi xiàn dài jiào zhōng wéi xué xiào jiào huó dòng guǎng fàn yùn yòng de jìng zhǒng jìng xiāng zuò yòng yǐng xiǎng xué shēng zhǎnzài zhū zhǒng jìng zhōngjiào xué shì xué xiào jiào de běn jìngxué xiào jiào de de guàn chè luò shí zhǒng jiào rèn de wán chéng zhù yào shì tōng guò jiào xué jìng shí xiàn deyīn wéi zài zhǒng jìng zhōngjiào xué de zhī shí róng liàng zuì jìhuà xìng tǒng xìng gèng qiánghuó dòng de xiào guǒ gèng míng xiǎnyīn 'ér duì xué shēng quán miàn zhǎn xìng cháng de huī yòu gèng qiáng de zuò yòng
   jiào xué chū xiàn lái jiàn xíng chéng de shū zuò yòng shì
  ( 1) jiào xué yòu mùdìyòu jìhuàyòu zhì de huó dòng xíng shì jìn xíng rén lèi jīng yàn de chuán shòushǐ jiào xué huó dòng yòu zhe liáng hǎo de zhì jié zòucóng 'ér gāo liǎo jiào xué de xiàolǜ zhǒng jiào xué guī zhāng zhì de xíng chéng gèng guī fàn liǎo shī shēng de jiào xué xíng wéishǐ jiào xué huó dòng miǎn chú liǎo suí xìng língsan xìngcóng 'ér biàn chéng zhǒng zhuān xìng hěn qiáng de shū huó dòng
  ( 2) jiào xué jiāng chuán shòu de nèi róngjīng xué de xuǎn zhī shí gòu chéng de luó ji shùn xué shēng huò zhī shí de rèn zhī guī biān chéng jiào cáizuò wéi xué shēng rèn shí shì jiè de méi zhè xué shēng xuǎn xué shè huì shàng sàn zài de jīng yàn lùn biāonèi róngshí jiānxiào guǒ dōuyào yōu yuè duō
  ( 3) jiào xué yòu shì zài jiào shī de yǐn dǎo jīng xīn 'ān pái de guò chéng zhōng jìn xíng de miǎn xué shàng de kùn nán fǎn de cháng shì cuò guò chéngér qiějiào shī yòu zǒng shì shì xuǎn zuì yōu de fāng wán chéng jiào de rèn zhè jiù bǎo zhèng liǎo xué zhě xué shàng de měi dōunéng gòu shùn jìn xíng
  ( 4) jiào xué suǒ yào shí xiàn de jǐn jǐn shì zhī shí de chuán shòu yào wán chéng de rèn shǐ zhōng shì quán fāng miàn de yòu zhī shí de huò zhì de zhǎnnéng de péi yǎng gāoyòu yòu xiǎng pǐn de wán shàn běn néng de xíng chéng xìng cháng de zhǎn děng děngzhè zhǒng quán miàn zhǎn de shí xiàn zhǐ yòu jiào xué cái néng zuò dào
   jiào xué de shàng shù zuò yòng guān jué dìng liǎo xué xiào gōng zuò jiào xué jìng wéi zhù shì xué xiào jiào guān guī de fǎn yìngxué xiào gōng zuò jiào xué wéi zhù zhǐ jiào xué shì xué xiào de zhù yào dezhōng xīn de gōng zuòzài shí jiān 'ān pái shàng jiào xué wéi zhù huò jiào xué zhàn yòng de shí jiān zuì duōxué xiào gōng zuò jiào xué wéi zhùshǒu xiān shì yīn wéi jiào xué wéi zhù shì xué xiào jiào gōng zuò de diǎn jué dìng deyuán shǐ shè huì de jiào shì zài shè huì shēng huó shēng chǎn láo dòng guò chéng zhōng jìn xíng desuí zhe xué xiào de chǎn shēngjiào xué huó dòng zuò wéi xué xiào de huó dòng bié zài shè huì shēng huó shēng chǎn láo dòng guò chéng zhōng de jiào huó dòngbìng qiě shì xué xiào jiào huó dòng zhōng de zhù yào nèi róng jiào xué wéi zhùcóng xué xiào chǎn shēng shí biàn shì xué xiào jiào gōng zuò de diǎn liǎojiào xué wéi zhù shì xué xiào tóng gōngnóngshāng děng mén de gēn běn biéméi yòu jiào xué jiù méi yòu xué xiào shì yīn wéi jiào xué wéi zhù shì xué shēng xué jiànjiē jīng yàn wéi zhù jué dìng dexué xiào de zhù yào zhí néng jiù shìshǐ xué shēng zǒu jié jìngjìn kuài zhǎng rén lèi jīng lěi lái de shè huì shēng huó shēng chǎn láo dòng de jīng yàn xué jiànjiē jīng yànjiào xué shì xué shēng jìn kuài zhǎng jiànjiē jīng yàn de jié jìngxué xiào gōng zuò ruò jiào xué wéi zhù shēng chǎn láo dòng wéi zhùxué shēng biàn néng jìn kuài zhǎng rén lèi jīng lěi lái de shè huì shēng huó shēng chǎn láo dòng de jīng yànzài shì yīn wéi jiào xué wéi zhù shì xué xiào jiào gōng zuò de shǐ jīng yàn de gài kuò zǒng jiéxīn zhōng guó chéng láixué xiào jiào zūn xún jiào xué wéi zhù de guī céng jīng jìn xíng sān de tiáozhěngcóng 'ér bǎo zhèng liǎo jiào zhì liàngpéi yǎng chū liǎo de rén cái
   shì 1963 nián wài huó dòng guò duō tiáozhěng dào jiào xué wéi zhù de guǐ dào shàng lái qiánshè huì shàng mén dōukě xiàng xué xiào zhǐ pài rèn fēi jiào xué huó dòng guò duōxué shēng xué de zhī shí tǒngwèicǐ guān zhěng dùn zhōng xiǎo xué jiào xué de zhǐ shì chūjiào xué gōng zuò shì xué xiào dǎo qiē de zhōng xīn rèn jiào shī de zhù yào rèn shì zuò hǎo jiào xué gōng zuòxué shēng de zhù yào rèn shì xué hǎo mén gōng zhè tiáozhěngbǎo zhèng liǎo jiào zhì liàng de gāo, 956 nián chū xiàn liǎo jiào zhì liàng gāo fēng
   'èr shì 1959 nián xué xiào jiào shēng chǎn láo dòng wéi zhù tiáozhěng dào jiào xué wéi zhù de guǐ dào shàng láizhēn duì 1958 nián zài guàn chè jiào shēng chǎn láo dòng xiāng jié fāng zhēn guò chéng zhōngláo dòng guò duō de piān xiàngguó yuàn 1959 nián 6 yuè guān quán zhì xué xiào de jiào xuéláo dòng shēng huó 'ān pái de guī dìngguī dìng liǎo jiào xuéláo dòng shēng huó shí jiān de 'ān páijiū zhèng liǎo shēng chǎn láo dòng wéi zhù de piān xiànghòu láisuī rán chū xiàn guò jiào xué zuò wéi wéi jìngxué shēng dān guò zhòng de xiàn xiàngdàn shì yóu shēng chǎn láo dòng wéi zhù tiáozhěng dào jiào xué wéi zhù de guǐ dào shàng lái, 1966 nián chū xiàn liǎo 'èr jiào zhì liàng gāo fēng
   sān shì 1976 nián zhèng zhì yùn dòng gān dài xué wéi zhù tiáozhěng dào jiào xué wéi zhù de guǐ dào shàng láizàiwén huà mìng jiān zhèng zhì yùn dòng gān dài xué wéi zhù dài liǎo jiào xué wéi zhù, 1976 nián fěn suì rén bāngzhī hòu xué xiào jiào tiáozhěng dào jiào xué wéi zhù de guǐ dào shàng lái, 1977 nián xué huī tōng guò gāo kǎo zhāo shēngjìn guǎn cún zài zhe piàn miàn zhuī qiú shēng xué shuài de xiàn xiàngdàn shì jiào zhì liàng kāi shǐ zhú gāo
   jiào xué zuò wéi xiàn dài xué xiào jiào shí xiàn jiào mùdìwán chéng jiào rèn de běn jìng de běn xìng xiàn zài liǎng fāng miàn shì zhǐ jiào xué yào wán chéng zhì rèn wéi běnzhè shì jiào jìng zhōngjiào xué yòu bié jìng de zhù yào diǎn 'èrjiào xué wán chéng zhì rèn wéi zhōng xīn děng jiào xué jǐn jǐn wán chéng zhì de rèn jiào xué zuò wéi běn jìng shì gòng yòu de jìngyīn 'ér yào wán chéng měi děng de rèn zhè xiē rèn bāo kuòxiàng xué shēng chuán shòu tǒng de xué zhī shíxùn liàn xué shēng xíng chéng běn néng qiǎo zhǎn xué shēng de zhì néng
   péi yǎng xué shēng yòu jiān dìng zhèng què de zhèng zhì fāng xiàngbiàn zhèng wéi zhù de shì jiè guān gòng chǎn zhù de dào pǐn zhì
   shǐ xué shēng shēn zhèng cháng jiàn kāng chéngzhǎng
   péi yǎng xué shēng yòu zhèng què de shěn měi guān diǎn gǎn shòu měijiàn shǎng měi chuàng zào měi de zhī shí néng
   shǐ xué shēng zhǎng xiàn dài gōng nóng shēng chǎn de běn zhī shíxué huì shǐ yòng běn shēng chǎn gōng de néng
   jiào xué yào gāo zhì liàng gāo xiàolǜ wán chéng shàng shù rèn zhì guān zhòng yào de fāng miàn shì zūn xún jiào xué guī chǔlǐ hǎo jiànjiē jīng yàn zhí jiē jīng yàn xiāng jié de guān chuán shòu zhī shí gāo xiǎng jué de guān chuán shòu zhī shí zhǎn zhì de guān huī jiào shī de zhù dǎo zuò yòng diào dòng xué shēng xìng jué xìng de guān
   jiào xué yòu shì jiè zhù tóng de xíng shì shí xiàn dedào qián wéi zhǐ men zài yùn yòng jiào xué zhè jìng shí gōng men xuǎn de jiào xué zhì xíng shì yòujiào xué de běn xíng shì -- táng jiào xuéjiào xué de zhù xíng shì -- xiàn chǎng jiào xué bié zhǐ dǎojiào xué de shū xíng shì -- shì jiào xuéjiào xué de diàn huà xíng shì -- duō méi jiào xué
   jiào xué de gài niàn shì cóng jiào xué xiàn xiàng jiào xué shí jiàn chōu xiàng gài kuò chū lái dejiào xué de nèi hán suí zhe shǐ de zhǎn 'ér zhǎnyīn duì jiào xué zhè gài niàn de dìng shì chéng biàn dedàn rén lèi duì jiào xué de rèn shí shì yòu lián xìng dehuí shǐ shàng duì jiào xué zhè gài niàn de jiě shì duì men zhèng què rèn shí jiào xué zhè gài niàn yòu zhòng yào
   zǎo zài shāng cháojiá wén zhōng jīng chū xiàn liǎojiàodīng yǒu duō fāng xiǎo xiǎo chén jiào jièjiá wén zhōng yòu liǎoxué:“ rén jiǔ xiǎo qiúxué。” tōng guò jiá wén zhōng de xíng fēn kànjiào shì cóng xué pài shēng chū lái de。“ jiàoxuézuì chū dōushì de dān zuì zǎo jiāngjiào xuéèr lián wéi yòu rén kǎo zhèng jiàn shū · shāng shū · shuō mìng》。 jiào xuéèr jiàn lián chéng dàn zhè bìng méi yòu zhuān yòu de jiě shì
   gēn zhōng guó dài wén xiàn de jìzǎi,“ jiàoyòujiào shòujiào huìjiào huàgào jièlìng shǐ děng hán 。《 shuō wén jiě zhōng jìzǎi:“ jiàoshàng suǒ shīxià suǒ xiào 。” yòu rén fēn ,“ shī jiù shì cāo zuòyǎn shì chuán shòu shī zhàn guī xiàojiù shì fǎngfǎng xiào xué shī zhàn guī 。“ jiào”、“ xuéhái shì bèi dān jiě shì de
  “ jiào xué zài yīng wén zhōng yòu hěn duō biǎo zài yīng shì jiè jiào xué xiāng duì yìng de yòu“ teach” ,“ learn” ,“ instruct”, “ teachandlearn”。
   gēn sēn zhù biān deguó jiào bǎi quán shūzhōng de jiě shì: learn lái zhōng shì yīng zhōng lernen shìxuéjiào”。 Lernen de gān shì lar,lar shì lore de gēn。 Lore yuán lái de shì xué jiào dǎoxiàn zài cháng yòng lái zhǐ suǒ jiào de nèi róng jiù shì shuō men shuō learnt teach shì yóu tóng yuán pài shēng chū lái de。“ teach” hái yòu lìng zhǒng pài shēng xíng shì yuán yīng zhōng de taecan , taecan yòu shì cóng taikjan pài shēng lái de。 Taikjan de gēn shì teik, shìshuō míng”。 Teik tōng guò qián tiáo dùn zhí zhuī dào fàn wén de dic。 Teach zhè token( wéixìn hàohuò hào”) yòu guān 。 Token yuán tiáo dùn de taiknom。 zhè taikjan( hòu lái chéng wéi yīng de taecan) tóng yuán shìjiào”。 suǒ , token teach zhè liǎng zài shǐ shàng shì yòu lián decóng zhè yuán kàn,“ jiàode jiù shì tōng guò xìn hào huò hào yǐn bié rén duì shì rén guān chá yán jiū de jiēguǒ děng zuò chū fǎn yìngyóu zhè zhǒng pài shēng guān kàn, teach tóng jìn xíng jiào xué de zhōng jiè yòu guān
  teach instruct 'èr yòu bié, teach cháng jiào shī de xíng wéi yòu lián zuò wéi zhǒng huó dòngér instruct cháng cháng jiào xué qíng jìng yòu guān qiáng diào jiào xué guò chéngzhèng yīn wèicǐjīng cháng yòu rén rèn wéi néng jǐn yòng teach lái duì yìng jiào xuéér yīnggāi yòng teachandlearn, tóng shí qiáng diào jiào shī de jiào xué shēng de xué
   rán 'ér zhí zhǐ chū de shì hàn zhōng dejiàoyuán xuéyòu suǒ tóngyīng wén zhōng teach learn shì tóng yuán pài shēng chū lái de


  Teaching teachers to teach and students learn and formed a human-specific personnel training activities. Through such activities, teachers have the purpose, planned and organized to lead students to consciously grasp the cultural and scientific learning and accelerate the basic knowledge and basic skills, Cujin various quality and comprehensively Tigao students, enabling them to become community in need.
  Simply put, teaching the teachers "teaching school." As a student speaking, knowledge is important, but more important than knowledge is the way to knowledge.
  Teaching gradually formed since the emergence of the special role is:
  (1) Teaching with a purpose, planned, organized activities form the teaching of human experience, so that teaching has a good order and rhythm, thus greatly improving the efficiency of teaching. The formation of a variety of teaching rules and regulations to standardize the teaching behavior of teachers and students to make teaching eliminates arbitrary and fragmented, thus becoming a highly professional special events.
  (2) teaching to impart, through the choice of science, constitute a logical sequence based on knowledge and knowledge of the cognitive law students compiled teaching materials, as the students understanding of the world's media. This compared with students of their choice, self-learning experience scattered community, regardless of their objectives, content, time, results should be superior.
  (3) teaching is the teacher's guidance and thoughtfulness of the process carried out. It's difficult to avoid the self-study and repeated trial and error process. Moreover, the teacher is always trying to choose the best method to accomplish the task of education, which ensure the learner's learning every step can be carried out smoothly.
  (4) teaching to be achieved not only imparting knowledge, it is always the task at all aspects of both knowledge acquisition, intellectual development, ability to cultivate and improve, but also ideological and moral perfection, basic skills formation, personal skills development, etc., this is only the realization of comprehensive development of teaching can.
  The role of teaching in schools working to objectively determine the way of teaching is mainly a reflection of the objective law school education. Working with teachers from the school, referring to the main school teaching, the center's work arrangements in time to take up teaching or teaching-based time up. Schools must rely mainly on teaching, first, because the teaching is the main characteristics of school education decisions. Primitive society, education is in the process of social life and productive work carried out, with the production of the school, teaching activities as the school's independent activities, as distinct from social life and productive labor in the process of education and school education activities The main content. Mainly on teaching, since they arise from the schools that had characterized the work of school education. Teachers from schools with engineering, agriculture, business and other departments of the fundamental differences, there is no school without teaching. Secondly, because, based on teaching experience for students to learn mainly indirect decision. The main function of schools is to enable students to take shortcuts, as soon as possible to grasp human society has accumulated the experience of living and productive labor, that is indirectly learning experience. Teaching the students master the indirect experience as soon as possible shortcut. If school work mainly on teaching, such as the production of labor-intensive, the students will not be able to obtain human society has accumulated the experience of living and productive labor. Again because, mainly on teaching the history of the school education experience in general and summarized. Since the founding of the school-based education to follow the laws of teaching, has conducted three major adjustments in order to ensure the quality of education, train qualified personnel.
  The first was in 1963, the extra-curricular activities too much to adjust to the teaching-oriented track. Earlier, People from all sectors of the school can assign tasks, too many non-teaching activities, students learn knowledge is not the system, this release, "Guan Yu rectify primary and middle school instruction," put forward: teaching is the central task of overriding the school, Teacher's primary responsibility is to do a good job teaching the students the main task is to learn various subjects. This time adjustment, to ensure improvement in the quality of education, 956 appeared for the first time the quality of education summit.
  The second time was in 1959, the school production of labor-based adjustments to the teaching-oriented track. For implementation in 1958 combining education with productive labor policy process, working too much bias, the State Council issued in June 1959 "on full-time teaching in schools, work and living arrangements of the provision" provides teaching, working and living timing, to correct the bias in the production of labor-intensive. Later, though there have been the only way to teaching as the students overburdened phenomenon, but mainly due to the production of labor-based adjustments to the teaching track, appeared in 1966, the second peak in the quality of education.
  The third time was in 1976, the political campaign to dry on behalf of the school-based adjustment to the teaching-oriented track. In the "Cultural Revolution" period, to a political campaign to dry on behalf of the school-based instead of mainly on teaching, 1976 smashing of the "Gang of Four", the adjustment to the school of education to teaching-track recovery in 1977 by the University of College Entrance Examination, despite the rate of one-sided pursuit of further studies the phenomenon, but gradually improve the quality of education.
  Teaching as a modern school education to achieve the aims of education, basic ways to complete the task of education, its basic nature is reflected in two aspects: one is to complete the intellectual task of teaching to be based, which means in education, teaching different from other means the main features; Second, the task of teaching to complete the intellectual center, complete intellectual education is not equal to the task of teaching only. Teaching as a basic way, it is common to all sports channels, which have complete moral, physical, aesthetic and other education task. These tasks include: to teach students a system of scientific knowledge, students develop basic skills training, skills, intellectual development and ability of students.
  Students with a firm and correct political orientation, dialectical materialism of the communist world outlook and moral qualities.
  Normal development of the students body, healthy growth.
  Students have the right aesthetic point of view and feelings, appreciate and create beauty, knowledge and ability.
  Enable students to master the basic knowledge of modern industrial and agricultural production, learn how to use the basic means of production skills.
  Teaching quality and efficient completion of these tasks, a critical aspect must follow the teaching of law, deal with indirect and direct experience with combined experience of the relationship between the imparting of knowledge and raise their political consciousness of the relationship, imparting knowledge and Intelligence Development relations, and teachers play a leading role in mobilizing the students with enthusiasm, awareness of the relationship.
  Teaching is achieved through different forms. So far, we use the time available for teaching the way we choose the form of teaching organization: the basic form of teaching - teaching; teaching aid form - on-site instruction and individual guidance; teaching special form - double teaching; teaching of electro-chemical form - multi-media teaching.
  The concept of teaching and teaching practice of teaching abstract phenomena and the general out of the teaching of the connotation of development with the development of history. Therefore, the determination of the concept of teaching is not static. However, the teaching of human knowledge is continuous. Recalling the history of the concept of teaching a correct understanding of our teaching to explain the concept of great significance.
  Early in the Shang Dynasty oracle bones have been there "to teach" character, such as "Ding-Pu, the calls to quit over Fangxiao Zi Xiaochen their religion" ①. Oracle also has a "P", such as: "Prince Pu, Ephesians wine small demand, learning." ② by Oracle in the shape of view, teaching that comes from the school. "Teaching" and "learning" the first words are independent. The first will be "teaching" the word with the word, according to some research found "the book that booksellers life." ③ "teaching" the word links into a word, but the word is not exclusive explanation.
  According to records in ancient Chinese literature, "teaching" with "professors, teaching, educate, warn, that so and so meaning" ④. "Shuo Wen Jie Zi" records: "teaching, on the facilities, followed by the inferiors." Some of "the 'Shi' is the operation, demonstration, or to teach accounting and tortoise Achillea Bu; its 'efficiency' is the imitation follow, that is, learning Achillea accounting and tortoise BU "⑤. "Education", "learning" or be a separate explanation.
  "Teaching" is in English, many words can express. And teaching in the English word corresponding to a "teach", "learn", "instruct", and "teach and learn".
  According to Husen editor of "Encyclopedia of International Education" in the explanation: learn the word from the Middle English lernen, meaning "learning" and "religion." Lernen the stem is lar, lar is the lore of a root. Lore originally intended to study and teach, now commonly used to refer to the content being taught. In other words we can say that learnt and teach is derived from the same etymology. "Teach" There is another word derived form. It is from Old English taecan word, taecan word is derived from the taikjan come. Taikjan the root is teik, meaning "explanation." Teik by former Teutonic language can be traced back to Sanskrit dic. Teach the word and the token (meaning "signal" or "symbol") is also a relationship. Token word from the ancient Teutonic language taiknom. The words and taikjan (later became the Old English taecan) homologous, meaning "to teach." Therefore, token, and teach the history of the two terms are in contact. From the etymology of view, "teaching" means caused by other signals or symbols of things, people, observations and results of the study to respond. Derived from the relationship of this view, teach the same teaching of the intermediary.
  teach and instruct two words have different, teach behavior often associated with teachers as an activity; and instruct often has a relationship with the teaching situation, emphasizing the teaching process. Because of this, is often thought that, not only teach one word corresponds to teaching, but should teach and learn, to also stressed that teachers learn to teach and students.
  It is worth noting that, with the Chinese character "education" comes from "learning" is different in English, teach and learn the same etymology is derived.
  

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