Ji Xianlin
( August 6, 1911 AD～ July 11, 2009 AD)
LITERATURE, the Greek word captured, then the word Qi fat. The ancient text known scientist, historian, Orientalist, philosopher, translator, Buddhist scholar and writer. He is fluent in 12 languages. Former Chinese Academy of Philosophy and Social Studies Acdemy, vice president of Peking University, Chinese Academy of Social Sciences Institute in South Asia. August 1911 was born on 6 Kang Town Linqing City, Shandong Province.
Professor, Peking University, Chinese Culture College, Chairman of the Council, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Chinese linguist, literary translator, Sanskrit, Pali experts and writers. Language literature on the history of India's many achievements.
Grandfather Jilao Moss, Father quarter of Si Lian, mother Zhao, farmers. Si-Cheng Shu quarter. With Ma Jinggong childhood literacy.
6 years old, to Jinan, defected Si Cheng uncle quarter. Into the private school to study. After 7 years, in Shandong Provincial First Normal School attached to the new primary school education. 10 years old, began learning English. 12 years old, admitted to Zhengyi School, six months later transferred to Shandong University affiliated high schools. Began learning German in high school, and interested in foreign literature. 18 years old, into the provincial high school in Jinan, Chinese teachers are Dongqiu Fang, he is the translator. "The reason I get five or six years, dance document ink stopped working, now will be too ripe old age, still can not Fangxia Bi, Dong teachers for the gift of all, I will never forget."
In 1930, Tsinghua University, Western Literature test people, professional direction of German. Studied under Wu Mi, Yeh Kung-chao learn something more poetic, English, Sanskrit and Buddhist elective Professor Chen Yinke translated literature, Rescue of literary psychology, Yu of the Tang and Song poetry, Tao Poetry Anthology. And students of Wu Zuxiang, Lin Geng, Li Changzhi became friends, known as the "four swordsman." Hu Qiaomu students there are. Like "pure poetry", such as France Verlaine, Mallarmé. Belgium Verhaeren, and Parallel Prose, Li Yi Shan, Jiang Whitehead's work. Has been translated Dreiser, Turgenev's works. University to outstanding, get home Qingping scholarship awarded by the county government.
September 1935, under the Tsinghua University Graduate College of exchange agreements with Germany, Tsinghua University graduate student enrollment went to Germany for a period of 3 years. Ji was admitted immediately to Germany. A Brilliant in Berlin and the United States and with the tour. October, arrived in Göttingen, met with students chapter, Good Hope and other field. Goettingen University, "I dream, I Göttingen, ... ... I can read a little book, had a glorious time point which ancient glory will never destroy the text." "I do not know if I could catch live the dream. "(" ten years in Germany ")
1941 received Ph.D. from the University of Göttingen. He studied linguistics after E. Sigg of Tocharian.
October 1945, ending World War II, soon, that hastily packed his bags on Road, owned by Rui Shidong, "like a spring dream, decades later on the fly." 35 years after leaving Göttingen 1980, Ji led a delegation of social sciences to revisit Columbia City, then Ye 瓦尔德施米特 83-year-old teacher, meet a dream. Later, the name of the text for moving "back to Göttingen."
May 1946, arrived in Shanghai, Nanjing to spin, and Li Changzhi reunited, by Lijie Shao, Liang met essayist, poet Zang Kejia. Tsinghua University in Nanjing, paid respects to the teacher during the Yinque, Chen recommended that he go to Beijing University to teach, therefore submitted Meet is acting president of Peking University in Nanjing Fu. Fall back to Beijing, called on North Dean Tang Tong.
1946 ~ 1983, was hired as Eastern Language and Literature Department of Peking University, Professor, Head of Department in Peking University to create the. Colleagues in the Arab linguists Ma Jian, metal, wood and other Indian scientists. After the liberation, continued to serve as Professor and Head of North East languages, in line service, research and translation work. Been published in German in a German translation of "安娜西格斯 Short Stories" (1955), translation of the Sanskrit literature of India gamma pear Tuosuo "Sakuntala" (play, 1956), Ancient India fable set "Panchatantra" (1959), India Gaya pear Tuosuo "good mile woman wet" (screenplay, 1962) and other academic works include "On the History of Sino-Indian cultural relations" (1957), " A Brief History of India "(1957)," 1857-1859 Indian National Uprising "(1985) and so on. February 1956, was appointed as the Chinese Academy of Philosophy and Social Studies Acdemy. 1954, 1959, 1964, was elected as the second, third and fourth CPPCC National Committee. And as an emissary of the Chinese culture, has visited India, Myanmar, East Germany, the former Soviet Union, Iraq, Egypt, Syria and other countries. "Cultural Revolution" by the "Gang of Four" and its brutal persecution of North henchmen. Back in 1978, continue to serve as Head of Department of Peking University, East languages, and was appointed Vice President of Peking University, Peking University Institute of South Asia. Elected to the Fifth CPPCC National Committee. 1983, elected as the sixth National People's Congress Standing Committee.
1956 Chinese Academy of Social Sciences Acdemy office, served as the State Council Academic Degrees Committee and Foreign Language and Literature Review Team Leader, the second President of the Society of Chinese Language, Chinese Language Education Research Association, China National Honorary Ancient Script long, the 6th National People's Congress and its Standing Committee, "Encyclopedia of China," editor in chief of Committee members and the "Language Study", etc. Director of the Editorial Board. The academic achievements of the Middle Ages, most prominently the study of Indo-European languages many achievements. His major works include: " verses in the deflection of finite verbs" (1941, the system summarizes the Theravada Buddhist scriptures that "big" Hybrid Sanskrit verses used in various forms of verb to adjust), "in the world language of India in the language end-am-o and-u to the transformation "(1944, discovered and proved to the English tail-am-o and-u is the transformation of Northwest India in the World Health Tuo Luo dialect feature of language)," the original language of Buddhism "(1985) (original Buddhist demonstrated the existence of clear policy on the original language of Buddhism, Buddhist Hybrid Sanskrit research the history of the origins and characteristics, etc.)," of vomit Fire the various differences of the Romanian language of this "(1943) (creating a successful semantic methods)," the ancient language of India Collection "(1982) and so on. As a literary translator, his translations are: "Sakuntala" (1956), "Panchatantra" (1959), "excellent woman wet Mile" (1959), "Ramayana" (Volume 7, 1980 ~ 1984), "安娜西格斯 short story collection," and so on. As a writer, his works are mainly "Tianzhu Heart Shadow" (1980), "Long Run Set" (1981), "Ji collection of essays" (1987), "Cattle Depot Shih," and so on.
Concurrently from 1978 to 1984, Vice President of Peking University. The book has been compiled into "Ji Collected Works", a total of 24 volumes.
In 1988, he served as Chairman of Cultural College of Fellows. And resorted to a scholar has visited Germany, Japan and Thailand.
Mr. quarter of Peking University to teach for years, in linguistics, culture, history, Buddhist teaching, learning and comparative literature in India and so have deep knowledge of Sanskrit works translated and Germany, Britain and other countries more than the classic, Even in the wards every day now insist on reading and writing also.
Had been "moved China in 2006," one of the award-winning character
Ji, a famous contemporary linguists. Essayist. Oriental Culture Expert. His erudite and informed, to be known as the "Scholar."
Joined the CPC in 1956.
Admitted to Tsinghua University, Beijing, 1930 Western Languages.
After graduating in 1934, taught high school in Jinan, Shandong Provincial.
Obtain a graduate of Tsinghua University in 1935, the exchange went to study in Germany, in Göttingen learning Sanskrit, Pali, Tocharian culture in the ancient language.
Ph.D. 1941.
Back in 1946, he served a professor of Oriental Language and Literature, Peking University Professor, Head of the Department.
Lin, the scope of academic research:
1. India's ancient language, especially the Buddhist Sanskrit
2. Tocharian text
3. India's ancient literature
4. The history of Buddhism in India
5. The history of Chinese Buddhism
6. The history of Buddhism in Central Asia
7. Historian of Tang Dynasty
8. Cultural History of India
9. Foreign exchange history
10. Cultural Differences and similarities
11. Aesthetics and Literary Theory in Ancient China
12. Germany and Western Literature
13. Comparative Literature and Folk Literature
14. Prose and Essays
This category is only a rough situation.
Ji's academic achievements
Integrated Department of Oriental Studies, Peking University Professor Zhang Guanglin and stated that Mr. Ke, Ji's academic achievements, including roughly 10 in the following areas: (1) the language of ancient India - doctoral dissertation " thirsty Tuo of finite verbs change "," in the world, India Language Language Last-am, to-o and-u transformation "," use uncertain past tense as established Buddhist era and the source of the standards "and other papers, at the time of the study area are pioneering contribution; (2) History of Buddhism - he is at home and abroad the very few know how to use the original Buddhist teaching Buddhist studies scholars to study in India in the world of language variation and combination of Buddhist history, find out the main Buddhist scriptures formation, evolution, spread the process to determine the production of important Buddhist factions, spread process; (3) Tocharian studies - early masterpiece " Tocharian all of the various parallel translation" Tocharian language for the semantic study created a successful method, since 1948, namely Xinjiang Museum Tocharian script "Maitreya meet record" in translation and interpretation, then in 1980 on the 7O's newly discovered region of Xinjiang Turpan spit fire Luo language A "meet record of Maitreya," research paper published many articles, breaking the "Tocharian text found in China, and research in foreign countries," double-talk; (4) Cultural History of India - "China paper and paper method enter the time and location of India "," Chinese silk to India of the preliminary study ", etc., and" Journey to the West "Some of the ingredients come from India's argument shows that the Sino-Indian culture," learning from each other, each innovation , cross of light on each other, mutual penetration "; (5) History of Cultural Exchange - 80 years editor of" Buddhist Records School Notes, "" Buddhist Records modern translation, "and essays one hundred thousand words" School Notes Preface, "is several domestic decades to the important achievement of Western History, and completed in 1996, "History of Sugar" also Zhanshi the Gudai China, India, Persia, Arabia, Egypt, Southeast Asia and Europe, America, Africa, three continents and Cultural Exchanges between these areas picture, there are important historical and practical significance; (6) translation of literary works introduced in India and Indian Literature - "Ramayana" is one of the degree of the two ancient epics, two thousand song, translated into Chinese and 9 thousand lines, Ji after 1O years of persistent efforts finally completed the translation, is an unprecedented event in the history of our translation; (7) Comparative Literature - the early 80s, first advocated restoration of comparative literature, comparative literature called for the establishment of Chinese school for the revival of comparative literature in China has made great contributions; (8) Oriental Culture since the late 11's from 8O, strongly advocated the East Cultural Studies, edited by major cultural series "Oriental culture integration", about 50O kinds , 8OO remaining volumes are expected to be completed in 15 years; (9) Save and save the motherland of ancient books - 9O's, as the "Si Ku Quan Shu Cun Mu Series", "collection handed down" the total compilation of two large series; (10) Prose creation - from the 17-year-old prose, the pen stopped working for several years, more than 80 million words have been many, Jingwen 88 meters in life to celebrate Ji said: "Literature is the highest state of simple, seasonal work, Mr. reached this state. his simple, because he was sincere. "" I love a good product, Mr. Wen, as an old homemade wild. "
Since the late 80s, Ji culture, Chinese culture and Western culture system, the East-West cultural exchanges, as well as the 21st century, important issues such as human culture, in articles and speeches made many personal opinions and conclusions, at home and abroad widespread concern.
Note: Ji: Translation and cultural Lifetime Achievement Award winner
Awards Introduction
"Translating Culture Lifetime Achievement Award" by the Translators Association of China in 2006, executive director of the Fifth Meeting decided to establish five. This is the Translators Association of China issued the first award, the Award is not a permanent award, given alive, in the work of translation and cultural transmission remarkable achievement, influence a broad, highly respected translator. September 26, 2006, 95-year-old Energize became the first "translation culture Lifetime Achievement Award" winner.
Ji, born in August 1911, Qingping County, Shandong Province (now Linqing city) people. Well-known linguist, translator, educator and social activist. Tsinghua University in 1930 into the Western Literature with a focus in English Literature, part-time German and French literature, and translation of elective Chen Yinque Buddhist literature, Mr. Zhu Guangqian of literary psychology, after-school focus on the translation of foreign literary works and prose. Tsinghua University in 1935 obtaining the exchange of graduate students in Germany, the German University of Göttingen University in India studying with great concentration. Received his Ph.D. in 1941. Back in 1946, he served Peking University professor, department head, vice president of Peking University.
After the founding of the PRC, Beijing Ji has been elected deputies of the first, second, third, fourth and fifth members of the CPPCC National Committee, was elected in 1983, the Sixth National People's Congress, the same year, he was the sixth National People's Congress Standing Committee the rank, the high social prestige. Also had the Chinese characters Reform Commission, the State Council Academic Degrees Committee and Review Unit of Foreign Language and Literature, Chinese Language Society, Association of Foreign Language Teaching and Research, Chinese Academy of Philosophy and Social Studies Acdemy, executive director of Chinese History, China Writers Association, vice president of the Translators Association of China, Honorary Director, Vice President of China Institute of Foreign Literature, the Chinese Society of South Asia, the Chinese Society of Dunhuang and Turpan, the ancient text of Chinese National Honorary President, Honorary Chinese Comparative Literature Association long, "Encyclopedia of China," editor in chief of Committee, chairman of China Eastern Cultural Studies, the International Confucian Association of Consultants, Asia and Africa Society, the Macao Cultural Research Association honorary president. Founder of the Department of Translators Association of China, in November 2004 the Chinese cultural enterprises in the fifth session of the National Director was elected honorary president of Chinese cultural enterprises.
Received major awards are:
TECHNOLOGY 1986, "set in ancient Indian language of" Peking were the first scientific achievement awards.
TECHNOLOGY 1987, "the original language of Buddhism," by Beijing Social Science and Policy Research Award for outstanding achievement honor.
In 1989 the State Language Work Committee awarded the "language of work in three years," Honor.
TECHNOLOGY 1990 "History of the Sino-Indian cultural relations TECHNOLOGY" won the National Book Awards first activities of Comparative Literature "book Award."
1992 editor of the "Buddhist Records Annotation" won the First Book of the National Book Award.
In 1992, India Varanasi Sanskrit University, the highest honor awarded Prize "praise-like."
1997 editor of the "Oriental linguistic history" was the third National Book Award.
1997, edited "history of ancient literature of India" won the second prize of National Teaching Achievement, 1999, by National Social Science Fund Project Excellence Award Books Award.
Tehran University in 1998 awarded an honorary doctorate.
1999, "Ji Collection" (24 volumes) was the fourth National Book Award.
2000 monograph "trajectory of cultural exchange - China sucrose History" Award by the Yangtze River to study "expert book prize."
University of Göttingen, Germany in 2000 received a doctorate gold certificates.
September 26, 2006, in celebration of Chinese cultural enterprises International Translation Day • translators awards ceremony, Ji was awarded the "Lifetime Achievement Award for Cultural Translation"
Energize the character
Special extract paragraphs Jilao newspaper text, see the 97-year-olds is how to deal with overhead cover in his brilliant aura -
The picture shows the Ji and his beloved cat. (Data Center)
■ the word "Great Masters"
"Looking around, better than his friends who Foundation of China, a lot of people. In this case, I actually exclusive 'Great Masters' of the appellation, it not Zheshalaoshen!"
Now some of the more formal document, also appeared in my head, "Great Masters" of this brilliant ring. This is not something out of nothing, of which there is a history.
To this end, I told the world in here: from the I head the "Great Masters" of the title off to.
■ two words, "Scholar"
"Such people, watching the world who are all also. But now it happens to me 'play' into a leading authority. I am the leading authority and from where they began it?"
This should be divided two terms: one is the education sector, one humanities and social science.
Must first figure out what is called "eminent." Thailand who, Mount Tai; fight those Big Dipper also. Both are considered to be the supreme thing.
Light on the education sector. My life I do Jiaoshu Jiang, Page Zi. Teaching abroad for 10 years, at home for 57 years. People often say: "No credit, but also elbow grease." Especially in the last few decades, daily exercise, a new guise, the general aim is to make you not leisurely, nervous tension at all times in extreme cases. In such circumstances, I served as administrative work, what results you want to make it not difficult to carry on almost Jia Jia zai! I am the "leading authority" Where do I start?
In the humanities and social science research that I have made great achievements, it is not true. Results that I do not, that's not realistic. Such people, watching the world who are all also. But now it happens to me "play" into a leading authority. I am the leading authority and from where they began it?
To this end, I told the world here: please from my head to "academic (surgery) leading authority," the crown off to.
■ Three words "David"
"Is it because there is only one China, Ji, so he became the 'treasure'. However, China's Zhao Qian Sun 3 John Doe 2, etc., etc., only one, should have 1.3 billion Chinese 'national treasure 'it? "
In China, a reference to "national treasures", people would immediately think of cute and naive giant pandas. Such animals are very few, and only China, called "David", it is well deserved. However, about eight to 90 years ago, at a meeting in Beijing, a leader suddenly call me "David", I am very amazed. Nowadays, wherever I am, "David" Voice of ocean almost Yinger carry on. I really am puzzled. Course, "David" the top title is not monopolized by one person for me. Several other Chinese paintings have this title.
My imagination, to explore what the sources named. Is it because there is only one China, Ji, so he would become a "treasure." However, China's Zhao Qian Sun 3 John Doe 2, etc., etc., only one, should have 1.3 billion Chinese "national treasure" it?
This kind of thing, crazy, useless, and totally unnecessary. I came to an abrupt stop.
To this end, I told the world here: please from my head to "National Treasure" the crown off to.
3 1 Abstract title, but also a freedom of my body. Foam body wash, exposing the true colors, happy.
China Awards 2006 speech touched (Ji)
【Remarks】 wise music awards, benevolent life, the elderly arbitrary. Ordinary clothes and talking about things, there are cell lines, humble inalienable, Chongrubujing. Learning landscape of the earth cast, he remitted the traditional heart to heart to stay in the East. Ji: the conscience of the most difficult time is not lost
96-year-old Energize long taught Peking University, in linguistics, culture, history, Buddhist teaching, learning and comparative literature in India and so have deep knowledge of Sanskrit works translated and Germany, Britain, etc. China's more than famous, their works have been compiled into 24 volumes of "Ji Collected Works", even if the occupying unit, also insisted on reading and writing every day.
Energize be admired, not only because of his knowledge, but also because of his character. He said: Even in the most difficult time, that did not lose his own conscience. In his "Cultural Revolution" in India during the secretly translated the epic "Ramayana" and also completed a "cow Shih," a book, condensing a lot of human nature. His book is not only a personal life story, is also a reflection of the past century of Chinese intellectual history.
Lin, the 95-year-old birthday interview with Record
August 6, 2006, the CPC Central Committee Political Bureau Standing Committee, Premier Wen Jiabao to visit China PLA General Hospital wards famous writer, educator and social activist, Ji and Ji 95 birthday congratulations.
Xinhua Beijing on Aug. 6 (Xinhua Xinhua News Agency reporter Xu Jingyue) "Ji Lao, I see you coming." At 9 o'clock on the 6th, the CPC Central Committee Political Bureau Standing Committee, Premier Wen Jiabao entered the People's Liberation Army General Hospital ward, on hold on tightly to Energize the hand and said: "Today is your birthday, 95 years old, and I congratulate you."
Wen Jiabao delivered a pot of lush Clivia, to the Chinese and Western, pen life, at home and abroad to pay tribute to renowned scholars.
Ji is famous writer, educator and social activist, fluent in English, German, Sanskrit, Vedic language, Pali, Tocharian, I can read French and Russian books. He long taught at Peking University in linguistics, culture, history, Buddhist teaching, learning and comparative literature in India and so have deep skills. 6, Ji deliberately wore a red shirt, the wards filled with festive atmosphere.
2003, 2005, Wen Jiabao, Chinese PLA General Hospital on two occasions to visit Ji.
Ji is still heard every day started early writing, quick thinking, Wen Jiabao said happily: "The greatest feature is the life of your pen stopped working, peaches and plums do not have to talk, Seikei. You write the work, smooth, narrative true spiritual inheritance and very resistant reading. I just read your book, "My personal feelings" and "Ji of Life", with several articles I have read several times. "
Lin, said with emotion: "My life ups and downs."
Wen said: "You write a few books, not only the individual life story, is also a reflection of the past century Chinese intellectual history. Chinese intellectuals gone through vicissitudes of life, hardship, but the love of country, love the people always, they tireless efforts and his own knowledge and contributing to society and serve the people. you are in the most difficult times, including in the 'bullpen' Punished time, that did not lose their beliefs. Then, you use the time in the janitor's room door to see , 280 million words translated Sanskrit works. This is not only determined by personal willpower, but also reflects the Chinese intellectual pursuit of truth, confidence in the country. "
Jilao also signature gift "Ji On Translation," "extraordinary life - lin," and closing with his "clear pond Dutch rhyme" and 10 essays, by the announcer read the disc to Brigitte Lin, Brigitte Lin is rebate her movie "The East is Red" CD. Before leaving, Lin Ching-hsia hold Jilao hand affectionately, said: "Ji Lao, let me touch your hands, good feel for the text of your gas, you?" Jilao replied: "Sure." Stacked two hands together, smile filled in Jilao and Brigitte Lin in the face.
Ji: Academic Members
Ji, born in 1911, Shandong Qingping (now incorporated into Linqing). Grandfather Jilao Moss, Father quarter of Si Lian, mother Zhao, farmers. Si-Cheng Shu quarter. With Ma Jinggong childhood literacy. 6 years old, to Jinan, defected Si Cheng uncle quarter. Into the private school to study. After 7 years, in Shandong Provincial First Normal School attached to the new primary school education. The age of 10, began learning English. 12 years old, admitted to Zhengyi School, six months later transferred to Shandong University affiliated high schools. Began learning German in high school, and interested in foreign literature. 18 years old, into the provincial high school in Jinan, Chinese teachers are Dongqiu Fang, he is the translator. "The reason I get five or six years, dance document ink stopped working, now nearly ripe old age, still can not Fangxia Bi, Dong teachers for the gift of all, I will never forget." In 1930, Tsinghua University, Western Literature examination of people, German professional direction. Studied under Wu Mi, Yeh Kung-chao learn something more poetic, English, Sanskrit and Buddhist elective Professor Chen Yinke translated literature, Rescue of literary psychology, Yu of the Tang and Song poetry, Tao Poetry Anthology. And students of Wu Zuxiang, Lin Geng, Li Changzhi became friends, known as the "four swordsman." Hu Qiaomu students there are. Like "pure poetry", such as France Verlaine, Mallarmé. Belgium Verhaeren, and Parallel Prose, Li Yi Shan, Jiang Whitehead's work. Has been translated Dreiser, Turgenev's works. University to outstanding, get home Qingping scholarship awarded by the county government.
September 1935, according to Tsinghua University, College of Graduate agreement with the German exchange, Tsinghua University graduate student enrollment went to Germany for two years. Ji was admitted immediately to Germany. In Berlin, and Qiao same tour. October, arrived in Göttingen, met with students chapter, Good Hope and other field. Goettingen University, "I dream, I was a little Göttingen ,...... I can read books, had a glorious time point which ancient glory of the text will never be eliminated." "I do not know I can not catch this dream. "(" ten years in Germany ")
The spring of 1936, Ji chose Sanskrit. He believes that "Chinese culture under the impact of Indian culture too. I want to complete the Sino-Indian cultural relations study, or can be invented." Therefore, "non-reading Sanskrit can not." "I finally found the road of life to go and I walk along this road a half a century, has come now, but also to move on. "(" stay in Germany ten years ")" Fate allows my firm my belief. "quarter of envy forest in the Sanskrit University of Göttingen Institute of Science major in India, studying Sanskrit and Pali. Select British linguistics, Slavic linguistics as deputy department, and add text learning Yugoslavia. Lin, where he studied under "Sanskrit Talk" host, the famous Sanskrit scholar 瓦尔德施米特 professor who became his only lecture. 4O more than one semester class, learning the entire Sanskrit grammar is very complex. Then part of the book when he was young lin read the original Sanskrit, 5 semester reading Sanskrit scriptures unearthed in Turfan Fragments. 6 semester to prepare doctoral thesis: "." Buddhist "big" thick 3 large volumes, is written in mixed Sanskrit, he race against time, dedicated to reading and writing, "the light and to following the sundial, Heng Wu Wu in poor years."
1945 1O months, ending World War II, soon, that hastily packed his bags on Road, owned by Swiss soil East, "like a spring dream, ten years on flying away." 35 years after leaving Göttingen 1980, Ji led a delegation of social sciences to revisit Columbia City, then Ye 瓦尔德施米特 83-year-old teacher, meet a dream. Later, the name of the text for moving "back to Göttingen."
May 1946, arrived in Shanghai, Nanjing to spin, and Li Changzhi reunited, by Lijie Shao, Liang met essayist, poet Zang Kejia. Tsinghua University in Nanjing, paid respects to the teacher during the Yinque, Chen recommended that he go to Beijing University to teach, therefore submitted Meet is acting president of Peking University in Nanjing Fu. Fall back to Beijing, called on North Dean Tang Tong, was appointed Professor and Head of Department of Oriental Language and Literature at Peking University to create the system. Colleagues in the Arab linguists Ma Jian, metal, wood and other Indian scientists. After the liberation, continued to serve as Professor and Head of North East languages, in line service, research and translation work. Been published in German in a German translation of "安娜西格斯 Short Stories" (1955), translation of the Sanskrit literature of India gamma pear Tuosuo "Sakuntala" (play, 1956), Ancient India fable set "Panchatantra" (1959), India Gaya pear Tuosuo "good mile woman wet" (screenplay, 1962) and other academic works include "On the History of Sino-Indian cultural relations" (1957), " A Brief History of India "(1957)," 1857-1859 Indian National Uprising "(1985) and so on. February 1956, was appointed as the Chinese Academy of Philosophy and Social Studies Acdemy. 1954, 1959, 1964, was elected as the second, third and fourth CPPCC National Committee. And as an emissary of the Chinese culture, has visited India, Myanmar, East Germany, the former Soviet Union, Iraq, Egypt, Syria and other countries. "Cultural Revolution" by the "Gang of Four" and its brutal persecution of North henchmen. Back in 1978, continue to serve as Head of Department of Peking University, East languages, and was appointed Vice President of Peking University, Peking University Institute of South Asia. Elected to the Fifth CPPCC National Committee. 1983, elected as the sixth National People's Congress Standing Committee. In 1984, he was appointed deputy director of Peking University Council. In 1988, he served as Chairman of Cultural College of Fellows. And resorted to a scholar has visited Germany, Japan and Thailand. Since the late 70s as a body of academic back office are: vice president of foreign literature in China (1978), China South Asia Society (1979), China National Institute of Honorary President of the ancient writing (1980), Chinese Language Teaching Association (1981), Chinese Language Society (1983), Vice President of Institute of Dunhuang in China (1983), executive director of Chinese History (1984), the Chinese Association of Higher Education Vice-President (1984 ), director of China Society of Writers (1985), Honorary President of the Chinese Comparative Literature (1985), China, Asia and Africa Society (1990) and so on. April 1998, "Cattle Depot Shih," published (1988 March 1 April 1989 draft, finalized in June 1992). Publishing industry that "This is a with tears and blood and tears written text. This is a great master of the best gift for future generations." Ji academic research, in his own words is: "Vatican Studies, Buddhist Studies, Tocharian paper studies simultaneously, Chinese literature, comparative literature, literary theory of flying."
Integrated Department of Oriental Studies, Peking University Professor Zhang Guanglin and stated that Mr. Ke, Ji's academic achievements, including roughly 10 in the following areas: (1) the language of ancient India - doctoral dissertation " thirsty Tuo of finite verbs change "," in the world, India Language Language Last-am, to-o and-u transformation "," use uncertain past tense as established Buddhist era and the source of the standards "and other papers, at the time of the study area are pioneering contribution; (2) History of Buddhism - he is at home and abroad the very few know how to use the original Buddhist teaching Buddhist studies scholars to study in India in the world of language variation and combination of Buddhist history, find out the main Buddhist scriptures formation, evolution, spread the process to determine the production of important Buddhist factions, spread process; (3) Tocharian study - early masterpiece " Tocharian all of the various parallel translation" for the semantics of Tocharian created a successful method, since 1948, namely Xinjiang Museum Tocharian script "Maitreya meet record" in translation and interpretation, then in 1980 on the 7O's newly discovered region of Xinjiang Turpan spit fire Luo language A "meet record of Maitreya," research paper published many articles, to break the "Tocharian text found in China, and study abroad," double-talk; (4) Cultural History of India - "China paper and paper method enter the time and location of India "," Chinese silk to India of the preliminary study ", etc., and" Journey to the West "Some of the ingredients come from India's argument shows that the Sino-Indian culture," learning from each other, each innovation , cross light shadow each other, mutual penetration "; (5) History of Cultural Exchange - 80 years editor of" Buddhist Records School Notes, "" Buddhist Records modern translation, "and essays one hundred thousand words" School Notes Preface, "is several domestic decades, the important achievements of Western history, and in 1996 completed the "History of Sugar" also shows the ancient Chinese, Indian, Persian, Arab, Egypt, Southeast Asia, as well as Europe, America, Africa, three continents and cultural exchanges in the history of these areas picture, there are important historical and practical significance; (6) translation of literary works introduced in India and Indian Literature - "Ramayana" is one of the degree of the two ancient epics, two thousand song, translated into Chinese and 9 thousand lines, Ji after 1O years of persistent efforts finally completed the translation, is an unprecedented event in the history of our translation; (7) Comparative Literature - the early 80s, first advocated restoration of comparative literature, comparative literature called for the establishment of Chinese school for the revival of comparative literature in China has made great contributions; (8) Oriental Culture since the late 11's from 8O, strongly advocated the East cultural studies, cultural editor of a large series "Oriental culture integration", about 50O kinds , 8OO remaining volumes are expected to complete 15 years; (9) Save and save the motherland of ancient books - 9O's, as the "Si Ku Quan Shu Cun Mu Series", "collection handed down" the total compilation of two large series; (10) Prose creation - from the 17-year-old prose, the pen stopped working for several years, more than 80 million words have been many, Jingwen 88 meters in life to celebrate Ji said: "Literature is the highest state of simple, seasonal work, Mr. reached this state. his simple, because he was sincere. "" I love a good product, Mr. Wen, as an old homemade wild. "
Since the late 80s, Ji culture, Chinese culture and Western culture system, the East-West cultural exchanges, as well as the 21st century, important issues such as human culture, in articles and speeches made many personal opinions and conclusions, at home and abroad widespread concern.
Lin, China's famous ancient philologist, historian, writer. Former Chinese Academy of Philosophy and Social Studies Acdemy, vice president of Peking University, Chinese Academy of Social Sciences Research Institute in South Asia
Ji was born in Shandong Province, 911 Qingping County (now incorporated into the Linqing City). Admitted to Tsinghua University, 1930 Western Literature. Tsinghua University in 1935 and Germany in exchange for obtaining the graduate students, the University of Goettingen in Germany to learn Sanskrit, Pali and Tocharian text, etc.. Ph.D. 1941.
Studying in Germany is Ji academic career turning point. After study in Germany, Ji took to the road Oriental Studies. In 1945, World War II ended, Ji was removed by way of coming down on a 10-year embrace of the motherland. The same year, recommended by Yinke, Ji was appointed professor at Peking University, created Department of Oriental Languages. Ji returned to China, and focused on the history of Buddhism and the history of Sino-Indian cultural relations, published a series of highly innovative academic papers.
"Buddha and the Buddha" (1947), reveals the Sanskrit Buddha (Buddha) in the early Buddhist sutra in the word translated as "Buddha" is derived from an ancient proverb, translated as "Buddha" is derived from Tocharian to to correct errors in long-term popular perception that the Buddha is a Sanskrit Buddha (Buddha) a transliteration of the word abbreviation. Here in passing that Ji in 1989 and wrote the "On Buddha and Buddhism," further proof Science transliteration of "Buddha" from the big summer language.
"Td on the transliteration of Sanskrit" (1948), reveals the Buddhist sutra translation of the Sanskrit word used to master the top sounds t and d is the result of a phase l, and t · ·> · d> l This kind of voice changing phenomenon does not belong to the Sanskrit, but are saying. Therefore, according to Buddhist sutra in Sanskrit transliteration td situation can be divided into the Han to the Southern and Northern Buddhist sutra, Sui Southern and Sui after three periods. Early Buddhist Scriptures in the original Sanskrit is not half, but the saying or mixed Sanskrit; mid-original many are saying and mixed Sanskrit, but the Vatican has been progress in literacy; the latter part of the original is pure Sanskrit.
Tide of the two papers in the field of the history of Buddhism in China break new ground, with comparative language research methods, convincing proof of Buddhist Scriptures in the original not a direct translation from Sanskrit, but turn translated the ancient language of the Western Regions. Ji also reminded the domestic use of transliteration Fanzi basis of phonological sounds of ancient Chinese scientists, conducting "Hua Fan of the survey", we must pay attention to the original Sanskrit is not the major premise.
In the History of Sino-Indian cultural relations, the emphasis of the past, most foreign scholars of Buddhism on Chinese culture, and even some commentators conclude that the Sino-Indian cultural relations are "one-way trade"
(One-way-traffic). Ji maintained that this view is not consistent with the actual history of cultural exchange. Therefore, Ji in the study, on the one hand attention to the influence of Buddhism on Chinese culture, the other hand, previous efforts to explore the neglected issue of Chinese culture to India. He has written, "Paper and paper making in China enter the time and location of India" (1954), "Chinese silk to India A Preliminary Study" (1955) and "Paper and paper making in China is the first pass by the sea go to India? "(1957) and other papers, with detailed historical materials, research on China paper, silk paper making and process incoming India.
Meanwhile, Ji to rid of Sanskrit literature, translated and published a fable set in ancient Indian "Panchatantra" (1959), Kali Tuosuo play "Sakuntala" (1956) and "excellent mile woman wet" (1962), and wrote the "Indian literature in China" and "Indian fables and fairy tales of the world" trip "","< Panchatantra> translation of order "," on "and" <10 Prince > On "and other papers.
Energize with the 80's into the seventies, but his academic life as if into a golden age. Despite the administrative and social activities and sick, he remains unchanged, "insist the Castle Peak does not relax," seize all available time, painstaking research and diligent writing.
Ji returned from Germany in 1946, employed by Peking University to create the Oriental Languages Department of Oriental Studies to develop the Chinese academic world. In Buddhist language, the history of Sino-Indian cultural relations, history of Buddhism, Indian history, literature and comparative literature in India in areas such as Innovation of the lot, prolific, to become truly a master of Oriental Studies. Ji China Eastern Studies has such a great academic masters, in fact, the well-being of China Eastern Studies.
Ji's work
Bibliography:
"On the History of Sino-Indian cultural relations" (TECHNOLOGY) 1957, the people
"Exploration" (theory) 1979, Foreign Literature
"Tianzhu Heart Shadow" (essays) 1980, flowers
"Ji Selected Works" (prose) 198O, Hong Kong Literature Research Institute
"Long Run Set" (essays) 1981, Shanghai Literature and Art
"Ji collection of essays," 1986, University Press
Major works:
" verses in the deflection of finite verbs" (1941, the system summarizes the Theravada Buddhist scriptures that "big" Hybrid Sanskrit verses used in various forms of verb to adjust), "in the world the end of the Indian language, language - am-o and-u to the transformation "(1944, discovered and proved that language last-am-o and-u to the transformation of the world, India is in the Northwest dialect Gandhara feature of language)," the original language of Buddhism problem "(1985) (argument of the existence of the original Buddhist scriptures to clarify the language of the original Buddhist policy, research the history of Buddhist Hybrid Sanskrit origin and characteristics, etc.)," of the Tocharian The various differences in this "(1943) (creating a successful semantic methods)," the ancient language of India, set "(1982) and so on. As a literary translator, his translations are: "Sakuntala" (1956), "Panchatantra" (1959), "excellent woman wet Mile" (1959), "Ramayana" (Volume 7, 1980 ~ 1984), "安娜西格斯 short story collection," and so on. As a writer, his works are mainly "Tianzhu Heart Shadow" (1980), "Long Run Set" (1981), "Ji collection of essays" (1987), "Cattle Depot Shih," and so on.
Classic Quotes:
Treatment of all good people, whether family members or friends should have a word maxim: First of truth, second is tolerance. Really were to treat the real thing, do not allow trickery; treated bad, is another matter. Ninja, mutual tolerance,.
According to my observation, the bad guys, as with all poisonous plants and animals, is not aware that they are bad, is poisons. I also found good bad guys will not change.
For years, I had a "good" wish: I am good for everyone, hope everyone is good for me. Just wanted a reputation, not a crash. Recently, I suddenly realized, it is simply impossible.
Time loss, a flash, I have to look-nine year, live far beyond their budget. Some say that longevity is a blessing, I think not all. People live too long, the phase of the living beings, see Toutou purely, but less encouraging when, to sigh over.
Luck, we should think of luck, not too much so proud; luck, we should think of luck, not dejected. Always maintain a balance between mind, emotions always remain stable, also goes to longevity.
Their survival, but also to other animals to survive, which is good. Considering only its own survival without regard to other people survive, that is evil.
"To say the truth, do not tell lies. Lie all do not speak, speak the truth incomplete."
"Is not to say all the words out, but said it must be the truth out."
"I'm almost a hundred years old, living so long worthwhile. Because while countries such as inevitable, but the total is now and Masamichi, Haiyan river clear."
"My hometown in Shandong. Taishan is actually the spirit of the Chinese nation's spirit."
"The last two words are - 'country soul, the people of the liver and gallbladder, stands the East, Yiwansinian'. The people's soul, the backbone of the people, promising the Chinese nation."
For years, I had a "good" wish: I am good for everyone, hope everyone is good for me. Just wanted a reputation, not a crash. Recently, I suddenly realized, it is simply impossible.
Everyone to strive for a perfect life. However, since ancient times and today, at home and overseas, a 100% perfect life do not. So I say, life is not satisfactory.
The West is tough to take the means to "conquer nature", but the East advocate the use of peaceful and friendly means, that is Heaven. First in the natural friends, and then ask the natural need to obtain a copy of all human existence. Song great philosopher Zhang Zai, said: "People, my compatriots, things, and I also."
Only your life and destiny of the nation together to be of value, leaving the individual pursuit of national undertaking, always insignificant.
Life to be honest, foreign language should be honest. Learn a foreign language there is no foolproof tips. As the saying goes: a road Qin Shu-shan as the path is short for boat hard. "This is the trick. |
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