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|  总理家人隐秘的财富 总理家人隐秘的财富
běi jīng héng héng zhōng guó zǒng lǐ wēn jiā bǎo de mǔ qīn céng shì huá běi de yī míng jiào shī， tā de fù qīn zài máo zé dōng shí dài de zhèng zhì yùn dòng zhōng céng bèi sòng qù yǎng zhū。 zài qù nián de yī cì yǎn jiǎng zhōng， wēn jiā bǎo zǒng lǐ shuō， tā de tóng nián bèi dǎ shàng liǎo “ qióng kǔ、 dòng dàng hé jī huāng ” de yìn jì。
rán 'ér， gōng sī yǔ jiān guǎn jì lù xiǎn shì， xiàn nián 90 suì de zǒng lǐ mǔ qīn yáng zhì yún bù jǐn bù zài pín qióng， ér qiě jué duì fù yù。 jì lù xiǎn shì， jǐn tā míng xià yī xiàng duì zhōng guó yī jiā dà xíng jīn róng qǐ yè de tóu zī jiù céng zài 5 nián qián jià zhí 1.2 yì měi yuán（ yuē hé 7.6 yì yuán rén mín bì）。
àn tú fàng dà
wēn jiā bǎo（ yòu qǐ dì 'èr gè） yǔ tā de qī zǐ hé 'ér nǚ。 zhào piàn shè yú 1980 nián dài。
àn tú fàng dà
BoBor/Reuters
zhōng guó zǒng lǐ wēn jiā bǎo。 zhào piàn shè yú 2008 nián。
àn tú fàng dà
Xinhua,viaAgenceFrance-Presse héng GettyImages
2008 nián， wēn jiā bǎo wèi wèn dì zhèn zāi mín。
àn tú fàng dà
ChinaTopix,viaAssociatedPress
2011 nián， wēn jiā bǎo qián wǎng dòng chē shì gù xiàn chǎng。
méi rén zhī xiǎo zhàng fū yǐ jīng qù shì de yáng zhì yún shì rú hé jī lěi zhè bǐ cái fù de。 dàn zhè yī guò chéng fā shēng zài tā 'ér zǐ bèi tí bá jìn zhōng guó de tǒng zhì jīng yīng jiē céng zhī hòu。 wēn jiā bǎo xiān zài 1998 nián shēng rèn guó wù yuàn fù zǒng lǐ， bìng zài wǔ nián hòu chū rèn zǒng lǐ。
《 niǔ yuē shí bào》 de diào chá xiǎn shì， wēn jiā bǎo dān rèn lǐng dǎo zhí wù qī jiān， tā de hěn duō qīn shǔ biàn dé jí wéi fù yòu。 qí zhōng bāo kuò wēn jiā bǎo de 'ér zǐ、 nǚ 'ér、 dì dì jí qī dì。 duì gōng sī yǔ jiān guǎn jì lù de diào chá xiǎn shì， zài zǒng lǐ de qīn shǔ zhōng， yòu xiē rén de shēng yì fēng gé shí fēn qiáng shì， tā men zhǎng kòng liǎo jià zhí bù dī yú 27 yì měi yuán（ yuē hé 170 yì yuán rén mín bì） de zī chǎn。
hěn duō qíng kuàng xià， zhè xiē qīn shǔ de míng zì dū yǎn cáng zài duō céng shè jí péng yǒu、 tóng shì、 shāng yè huǒ bàn yǔ yuǎn qīn de hé huǒ qǐ yè hé tóu zī zài tǐ bèi hòu。 cǐ fān cái wù jiě xī xì zhì 'ér bù tóng xún cháng dì jiē shì chū， zài jīng jì gāo sù fā zhǎn、 zhèng fǔ yǐng xiǎng hé sī rén cái fù chóngdié jiāo cuò de zhōng guó， yōng yòu zhèng zhì rén mài de rén wù shì rú hé lì yòng zì jǐ gōu tōng zhèng shāng de néng lì móu qǔ lì yì。
zī liào xiǎn shì， yǔ dà duō shù zhōng guó de xīn qǐ yè bù tóng， zhè gè jiā zú de shēng yì bù shí cóng guó yòu qǐ yè huò dé jīn róng zhī chí， bāo kuò zhōng guó zuì dà de diàn xìn yùn yíng shāng zhī yī zhōng guó yí dòng。 qí tā shí hòu， zhè xiē qǐ yè dé dào liǎo yī xiē yà zhōu zuì fù yòu de shāng yè jù tóu de zhī chí。《 niǔ yuē shí bào》 fā xiàn， wēn jiā bǎo de qīn shǔ zài yínháng、 zhū bǎo gōng sī、 dù jiǎ cūn、 jī chǔ shè shī xiàng mù hé diàn xìn gōng sī zhōng chí yòu gǔ fèn， qí zhōng bù fēn gǔ quán shì tōng guò lí 'àn jī gòu chí yòu de。
tā men chí gǔ de duì xiàng bāo kuò wèi yú běi jīng de yī chù bié shù kāi fā xiàng mù、 zhōng guó běi fāng de yī jiā lún tāi gōng chǎng、 yī jiā céng cān yǔ xiū jiàn bāo kuò biāo zhì jiàn zhù“ niǎo cháo” (Bird ’ sNest) zài nèi de yī xiē běi jīng 'ào yùn chǎng guǎn de gōng sī， yǐ jí píng 'ān bǎo xiǎn， shì jiè shàng zuì dà de jīn róng fú wù gōng sī zhī yī。
jīn nián 70 suì de wēn jiā bǎo， zuò wéi yī gè réng rán yán zhòng yǐ kào zhèng fǔ dài dòng de jīng jì tǐ de zǒng lǐ， zài wéi qí qīn shǔ dài lái jù dà cái fù de zhù yào hángyè zhōng yōng yòu guǎng fàn de quán lì。 bǐ rú， zhōng guó gōng sī rú guǒ bù jīng guò tā shǒu xià de jī gòu shěn pī， jiù bù néng zài zhèng quàn jiāo yì suǒ shàng shì。 tā zài jué dìng shì fǒu pī zhǔn néng yuán yǔ diàn xìn děng zhàn lüè hángyè zhōng de dà xíng tóu zī xiàng mù fāng miàn， yě qǐ zhe guān jiàn zuò yòng。
yóu yú zhōng guó zhèng fǔ shèn shǎo gōng kāi zì jǐ de jué cè guò chéng， suǒ yǐ hái bù qīng chǔ wēn jiā bǎo zài dà duō shù zhèng cè huò fǎ guī jué cè zhōng shì fǒu shī jiā liǎo yǐng xiǎng， huò shī jiā liǎo shénme yǐng xiǎng。 dàn zài yī xiē qíng kuàng xià， tā de qīn shǔ què shì tú cóng zhè xiē jué cè dài lái de jī huì zhōng huò lì。
lì rú， gēn jù jī yú zhèng fǔ jì lù jìn xíng de gū suàn， tā dì dì de gōng sī céng cóng zhèng fǔ nà lǐ dé dào liǎo jià zhí chāo guò 3 qiān wàn měi yuán（ yuē hé 1.89 yì yuán rén mín bì） de hé tóng yǔ bǔ tiē， fù zé chǔlǐ yī xiē zhōng guó dà chéng shì de wū shuǐ hé yī liáo lā jī。 zhè xiē hé tóng dōushì zài 2003 nián fēi diǎn xíng fèi yán (SARS) yì qíng zhī hòu wēn jiā bǎo xià lìng duì yī liáo lā jī chǔlǐ jiā qiáng jiān guǎn zhī hòu xuān bù de。
2004 nián， wēn jiā bǎo lǐng dǎo xià de guó wù yuàn miǎn chú liǎo píng 'ān bǎo xiǎn děng gōng sī suǒ shòu jīng yíng fàn wéi shàng de xiàn zhì zhī hòu， gāi gōng sī zài qí shǒu cì gōng kāi fā xíng gǔ piào zhōng mù zī 18 yì měi yuán（ yuē hé 113 yì yuán rén mín bì）， qí dāng xià de shì zhí chāo guò liǎo 600 yì měi yuán。 ér yóu wēn jiā bǎo de qīn zhǔhè tā men de péng yǒu、 tóng shì kòng zhì de hé huǒ rén gōng sī zài gōng kāi fā xíng zhī qián duì píng 'ān bǎo xiǎn gōng sī jìn xíng liǎo tóu zī， bìng cóng zhōng huò qǔ jù 'é lì rùn。
2007 nián， yě jiù shì duì xiāng guān chí gǔ jìn xíng gōng kāi pī lù de zuì hòu yī nián，《 niǔ yuē shí bào》 yī fèn jīng guò wài bù shěn jì rén yuán hé shí de diào chá bào gào xiǎn shì， zhè xiē hé huǒ rén gōng sī chí yòu gǔ piào de zǒng jià zhí zài dāng shí gāo dá 22 yì měi yuán（ yuē hé 139 yì yuán rén mín bì）。
zhōng guó píng 'ān bǎo xiǎn zài yī fèn shēng míng zhōng biǎo shì， gāi gōng sī bù zhī xiǎo gǔ dōng bèi hòu tóu zī shí tǐ de bèi jǐng。 shēng míng hái shuō， zhōng guó píng 'ān bǎo xiǎn wú fǎ huò xī gǔ dōng mǎi mài gǔ fèn bèi hòu de dòng jī。
jìn guǎn zhōng guó gòng chǎn dǎng de tiáo lì yào qiú gāo jí guān yuán gōng kāi zì jǐ hé zhí xì qīn shǔ de cái chǎn， dàn què méi yòu fǎ lǜ fǎ guī duì nǎ pà shì zuì gāo céng guān yuán de qīn shǔ zuò chū jìn lìng， jìn zhǐ tā men chéng wéi jiāo yì cuō hé zhě huò zhě zhù yào tóu zī rén， ér zhè yī lòu dòng shí jì shàng ràng yī xiē rén kě yǐ dǎzháo jiā zú de míng hào zuò shēng yì。 yī xiē zhōng guó rén rèn wéi， yǔn xǔ gòng chǎn dǎng lǐng dǎo rén de jiā rén cóng zhōng guó cháng qī de jīng jì fán róng zhōng huò lì， duì què bǎo jīng yīng jiē céng zhī chí shì chǎng huà gǎi gé shí fēn zhòng yào。
dàn shì， tí jiāo gěi zhōng guó jiān guǎn jī gòu de zī liào xiǎn shì， wēn jiā bǎo qīn shǔ de shāng yè jiāo yì yòu shí bèi yǎn gài liǎo qǐ lái。 qí yùn zuò fāng shì 'àn shì， tā men jíqiè dì xiǎng huí bì gōng zhòng de guān zhù。 diào chá fā xiàn， tā men yōng yòu de gǔ quán tōng cháng yǎn gài zài cuò zōng fù zá de gǔ quán wǎng luò dāng zhōng， qí suǒ yòu quán kě néng jù shí jì yùn yíng de gōng sī yòu wǔ céng kòng gǔ gōng sī zhī yáo。
zài wēn jiā bǎo mǔ qīn de 'àn lì zhōng，《 niǔ yuē shí bào》 tōng guò diào chá gōng kāi jì lù hé zhèng fǔ bān fā de shēn fèn zhèng， bìng duì sān jiā zhōng guó tóu zī gōng sī de suǒ yòu quán jìn xíng zhuī zōng zhī hòu， gū suàn chū tā zài píng 'ān bǎo xiǎn chí yòu de gǔ fèn zài 2007 nián jià zhí 1.2 yì měi yuán（ yuē hé 7.6 yì yuán rén mín bì）。 tā mǔ qīn zài píng 'ān chí yòu de gǔ piào bèi dēng jì zài yī jiā míng wéi tài hóng (Taihong) de kòng gǔ gōng sī míng xià， gāi gōng sī zhù cè dì shì zǒng lǐ de gù xiāng tiān jīn。
zhè xiē kàn shàng qù shì zài yǎn shì zì shēn cái fù de nǔ lì xiǎn shì， wéi rào zhe zhōng guó jīng yīng tǒng zhì jiē céng de zhèng zhì fēn wéi xiāng dāng jǐn zhāng， hěn duō rén zuò yōng jù fù， què bù yuàn yǐn rén zhù mù。 6 yuè fèn， péng bó zī xùn shè (BloombergNews) bào dào， zhōng guó xià jiè guó jiā zhù xí de jì dìng rén xuǎn、 fù zhù xí xí jìn píng de qīn shǔ jī lěi liǎo shù yì měi yuán de cái chǎn， zhōng guó zhèng fǔ suí jí zài guó nèi píng bì liǎo péng bó shè de wǎng zhàn。
“ gāo céng lǐng dǎo zhōng， méi yòu nǎ jiā méi yòu zhè yàng de wèn tí，” yǔ wēn jiā bǎo xiāng shí 20 duō nián de yī wèi qián tóng shì zài bù jù míng de tiáo jiàn xià biǎo shì，“ tā de zhèng dí zhèng zài yòu yì xiè lù zhè xiē xiāo xī gěi tā mǒ hēi。”
《 niǔ yuē shí bào》 jiāng diào chá fā xiàn jiāo gěi liǎo zhōng guó zhèng fǔ， bìng qǐng qiú zhì píng。 zhōng guó wài jiāo bù jù jué huí dá yòu guān zhè xiē tóu zī hé shè jí zǒng lǐ jí qí qīn shǔ de wèn tí。 wēn jiā bǎo de qīn shǔ yě jù jué zhì píng huò méi yòu huí fù zhì píng qǐng qiú。
nǚ fù shāng duàn wěi hóng de tài hóng gōng sī jiù shì zǒng lǐ mǔ qīn yǔ qí tā qīn shǔ chí yòu de píng 'ān gǔ fèn de tóu zī píng tái。 duàn wěi hóng shuō， zhè xiē tóu zī shí jì shàng dōushì tā zì jǐ de。 duàn wěi hóng shì zǒng lǐ de tóng xiāng， yě shì zǒng lǐ fū rén de hǎo péng yǒu。 tā biǎo shì， zhè xiē gǔ fèn zhī suǒ yǐ fàng zài zǒng lǐ qīn shǔ de míng xià， shì wéi liǎo yǐn cáng tā zì jǐ chí gǔ de guī mó。
tā biǎo shì，“ wǒ zài tóu zī píng 'ān de shí hòu， bù xī wàng bèi méi tǐ guān zhù，” duàn nǚ shì biǎo shì，“ suǒ yǐ wǒ ràng qīn qī zhǎo liǎo yī xiē rén dài wǒ chí yòu zhè xiē gǔ fèn。”
tā shuō， zì jǐ de gōng sī xuǎn liǎo zhè xiē qīn shǔ zuò wéi míng yì gǔ dōng， zhǐ shì yī gè“ qiǎo hé”。 gǔ quán dēng jì guò chéng xū yào gǔ dōng tí gōng zì jǐ de shēn fèn zhèng hào mǎ yǔ qiān míng。 zhí dào《 niǔ yuē shí bào》 xiàng tā zhǎn shì liǎo zhè xiē tóu zī zhě de xìng míng， tā yī zhí biǎo shì， tā bù zhī dào zhè xiē rén hé wēn jiā bǎo yòu qīn qī guān xì。
cǐ cì diào chá de gōng sī yǔ jiān guǎn jì lù de shí jiān kuà dù wéi 1992 nián dào 2012 nián， diào chá zhōng méi yòu fā xiàn wēn jiā bǎo míng xià yòu rèn hé cái chǎn。 cóng zhè xiē cái liào zhōng wú fǎ kàn chū， wēn jiā bǎo shì fǒu céng duì rèn hé kě néng huì gěi qīn shǔ de cái chǎn dài lái yǐng xiǎng de jué dìng jìn xíng huí bì， yě bù néng duàn dìng zhè xiē qīn shǔ shì fǒu zài tóu zī shàng dé dào guò yōu dài。
zài rèn qī nèi de hěn cháng shí jiān lǐ， wēn jiā bǎo yī zhí bèi guān yú qí qīn shǔ shì tú lì yòng qí zhí wèi móu lì de yáo yán hé cāi cè chán shēn。 dàn jié zhǐ dào《 niǔ yuē shí bào》 cǐ cì diào chá wéi zhǐ， bìng méi yòu chū xiàn rèn hé guān yú zhè gè jiā zú cái fù de xiáng xì bào dào。
tā de qī zǐ zhāng bèi lì shì zhōng guó zhū bǎo yǔ bǎo shí lǐng yù de quán wēi rén shì zhī yī， zì jǐ běn shēn jiù shì yī wèi chéng gōng de nǚ shāng rén。《 niǔ yuē shí bào》 fā xiàn， tā tōng guò guǎn lǐ hòu lái bèi sī yòu huà de guó yòu zuàn shí gōng sī， bāng zhù qīn shǔ qī jiāng yī xiē shǎo shù gǔ quán kuò chōng wéi jià zhí shí yì měi yuán jí bié de tóu zī zǔ hé， hán gài bǎo xiǎn、 kē jì hé fáng dì chǎn hángyè。
wēn jiā bǎo fū fù wéi yī de 'ér zǐ céng jiāng zì jǐ kāi chuàng de yī jiā kē jì gōng sī yǐ 1 qiān wàn měi yuán（ yuē hé 6 qiān 3 bǎi wàn yuán rén mín bì） de jià gé mài gěi xiāng gǎng shǒu fù lǐ jiā chéng (LiKa-shing) jiā zú， bìng lì yòng lìng yī gè tóu zī píng tái chéng lì liǎo xīn tiān yù zī běn gōng sī (NewHorizonCapital)。 xiāng guān jì lù yǔ duì yínháng yè rén shì de cǎi fǎng xiǎn shì， mù qián， gāi gōng sī shì zhōng guó zuì dà de sī mù gǔ quán gōng sī zhī yī， qí tóu zī hé huǒ rén bāo kuò liǎo xīn jiā pō zhèng fǔ。
jì lù xiǎn shì， zǒng lǐ de dì dì wēn jiā hóng (WenJiahong) zhǎng kòng zhe 2 yì měi yuán（ yuē hé 12.6 yì yuán rén mín bì） de zī chǎn， qí zhōng bāo kuò wū shuǐ chǔlǐ chǎng yǔ huí shōu qǐ yè。
zuò wéi zǒng lǐ， wēn jiā bǎo chǎn míng liǎo zì jǐ shì yī gè píng mín zhù yì zhě hé gǎi gé pài de lì chǎng。 tā píng yì jìn rén， jīng cháng jiē chù pǔ tōng bǎi xìng， yóu qí shì zài fā shēng zì rán zāi hài de wēi jí shí kè。 guān fāng méi tǐ jiāng tā 'ài chēng wéi“ rén mín de zǒng lǐ” hé“ wēn yé yé”。
jìn guǎn hái bù qīng chǔ wēn jiā bǎo duì zì jǐ jiā zú de cái fù zhī dào duō shǎo， dàn zài wéi jī jiě mì (WikiLeaks)2010 nián gōng bù de měi guó guó wù yuàn (StateDepartment) wài jiāo diàn wén zhōng， yòu yī fèn diàn wén xiǎn shì， wēn jiā bǎo duì qí qīn shǔ de shāng yè jiāo yì yòu suǒ liǎo jiě， qiě xiāng dāng bù mǎn。
gēn jù zhè fèn 2007 nián fā sòng de diàn bào， yī míng zài zhōng guó chū shēng bìng gòngzhí yú shàng hǎi yī jiā měi guó gōng sī de gāo guǎn gào sù měi guó wài jiāo guān，“ wēn jiā bǎo duì jiā rén de huó dòng hěn fǎn gǎn， dàn tā wú lì huò bù yuàn xiàn zhì tā men。”
zhōng guó de zuàn shí nǚ wáng
zài zhōng guó de jīng yīng juàn zǐ lǐ， zǒng lǐ fū rén zhāng bèi lì hěn yòu qián 'ér qiě zài yī dìng chéng dù shàng kòng zhì zhe zhōng guó de zhū bǎo mào yì， zhè yī diǎn bù shì mì mì。 dàn《 niǔ yuē shí bào》 zài chá yuè liǎo gōng sī hé jiān guǎn jì lù zhī hòu fā xiàn， zhǐ shì zài tā zhàng fū bù rù zhōng guó de zuì gāo lǐng dǎo céng hòu， tā nà xiē lì rùn fēng hòu de zuàn shí shēng yì cái biàn dé yì cháng chéng gōng。
zhāng bèi lì shì yī míng zhuān mén yán jiū bǎo shí de dì zhì xué jiā， pǔ tōng zhōng guó rén jī běn shàng bù zhī dào tā。 tā hěn shǎo hé zǒng lǐ yī qǐ chū xíng huò gōng kāi lòumiàn。 mù qián jīhū méi yòu jǐ zhāng zhè duì fū fù zài yī qǐ de zhèng shì zhào piàn。 jìn guǎn céng hé tā gòng shì de rén shuō， tā xǐ huān fěi cuì hé jīng měi de zuàn shí， dàn tā men yě biǎo shì， hé qí tā gāo jí lǐng dǎo rén de qīn shǔ hěn xiàng， tā de zhuózhuāng tōng cháng dōuhěn dī diào， bìng méi yòu biǎo xiàn dé mèi lì sì shè， ér shì nìngyuàn zài mù hòu shī zhǎn yǐng xiǎng。
wéi jī jiě mì gōng bù de měi guó guó wù yuàn wén jiàn hái biǎo míng， wēn jiā bǎo céng yīn zhāng bèi lì zài zuàn shí mào yì zhōng lì yòng liǎo liǎng rén zhī jiān de guān xì 'ér kǎo lǜ guò lí hūn。 tái wān de diàn shì tái 2007 nián bào dào chēng， zhāng bèi lì zài běi jīng de yī gè mào yì zhǎn shàng gòu dé liǎo yī duì jià zhí yuē wéi 27.5 wàn měi yuán（ dāng shí yuē hé 200 wàn yuán rén mín bì） de fěi cuì 'ěr huán。 dàn gēn jù dāng shí de xīn wén bào dào， tòu lù cǐ xiāo xī de nà míng tái wān zhǎn shāng hòu lái fǒu rèn liǎo gāi shuō fǎ， zhōng guó guān fāng xīn wén shěn chá bù mén xùn sù fēng suǒ liǎo guó nèi duì gāi shì jiàn de bào dào。
yī wèi céng hé wēn jiā bǎo de qīn shǔ hé zuò guò yínháng yè rén shì chēng，“ zài lǐng dǎo céng de juàn zǐ lǐ， tā de shāng yè huó dòng shì zhòng suǒ zhōu zhī de。” zhè wèi yínháng yè rén shì hái biǎo shì， zhāng bèi lì de bàn gōng shì zhì diàn shāng yè rén shì yě bù shì shénme bù xún cháng de shì，“ rú guǒ nǐ jiē dào liǎo diàn huà， zěn me néng shuō bù ní？”
zhāng bèi lì zuì chū dé shì shì zài shàng shì jì 90 nián dài， dāng shí tā hái shì dì zhì bù de yī míng jiān guǎn rén yuán。 nà shí， zhōng guó de zhū bǎo shì chǎng shàng chù yú qǐ bù jiē duàn。
dāng tā zhàng fū zài zhōng guó de zuì gāo lǐng dǎo jī gòu suǒ zài dì zhōng nán hǎi rèn zhí shí， zhāng bèi lì zhèng zài zhì dìng zhū bǎo yǔ bǎo shí mào yì de hángyè biāo zhǔn。 tā xié zhù zài běi jīng chéng lì liǎo guó jiā zhū bǎo yù shí zhì liàng jiān dū jiǎn yàn zhōng xīn， zài shàng hǎi chéng lì liǎo shàng hǎi zuàn shí jiāo yì suǒ。 zhè shì gāi hángyè nèi quán lì zuì dà de liǎng jiā jī gòu。
zài zhōng guó， zhèng fǔ cháng qī yǐ lái kòng zhì zhe shì chǎng， zhū bǎo hángyè jiān guǎn bù mén cháng cháng jué dìng zhe nǎ jiā gōng sī kě yǐ kāi shè zuàn shí jiā gōng chǎng， shuí kě yǐ huò zhǔn jìn rù zhū bǎo líng shòu shì chǎng。 guó jiā jiān guǎn bù mén shèn zhì hái zhì dìng liǎo guī zé， yào qiú zuàn shí chū shòu fāng yào wéi zài zhōng guó shòu chū de zuàn shí gòu mǎi jiàn dìng zhèng shū， ér nà xiē rèn zhèng shū jiù lái zì běi jīng nà jiā yóu zhāng bèi lì guǎn lǐ de guó yíng jiǎn yàn zhōng xīn。
yīn cǐ， dāng kǎ dì yà (Cartier) hé dài bǐ 'ěr sī (DeBeers) de zhù guǎn lái dào zhōng guó， bìng xī wàng néng zài zhè lǐ xiāo shòu zuàn shí hé zhū bǎo shí， tā men jīng cháng bài fǎng rén chēng zhōng guó“ zuàn shí huáng hòu” de zhāng bèi lì。
zǒng bù shè zài ruì shì de shì jiè zhū bǎo lián hé huì (WorldJewelryConfederation) de zhù xí jiā 'āi tǎ nuò · kǎ wǎ liè lǐ (GaetanoCavalieri) yǐ jīng rèn shí zhāng bèi lì hěn duō nián liǎo， tā biǎo shì：“ zài zhōng guó， tā shì zuì zhòng yào de rén。 tā jiù shì zhōng wài hé huǒ rén zhī jiān de qiáo liáng。”
céng hé zhāng bèi lì gòng guò shì de rén shuō， tā zǎo zài 1992 nián jiù kāi shǐ yóu zǒu zài guān yuán hé nǚ shāng rén zhè liǎng gè juésè zhī jiān liǎo。 zuò wéi guó yòu de zhōng guó dì kuàng bǎo shí zǒng gōng sī fù zé rén， tā kāi shǐ yòng guó yòu zī jīn tóu zī xīn xīng qǐ yè。 zài 1998 nián tā zhàng fū bèi rèn mìng wéi fù zǒng lǐ shí， tā zhèng máng zhe hé qīn qī péng yǒu yī qǐ kāi bàn qǐ yè。
gēn jù gōng kāi pī lù de xìn xī， tā jīng yíng de nà jiā guó yòu qǐ yè tóu zī liǎo shù jiā xià shǔ zuàn shí qǐ yè。 zài zhè xiē gōng sī dāng zhōng， yòu hǎo jǐ jiā shì yóu zhāng bèi lì de qīn qī huò tā zài guó jiā zhū bǎo yù shí jiǎn yàn zhōng xīn de qián tóng shì jīng yíng de sī yòu qǐ yè。
bǐ rú， 1993 nián， zhāng bèi lì fù zé de nà jiā guó qǐ bāng zhù chéng lì liǎo běi jīng dài mèng dé bǎo shí gōng sī， zhè shì yī jiā dà xíng de zhū bǎo shēng chǎn shāng。 gǔ dōng míng cè xiǎn shì， yī nián hòu， tā de yī gè dì dì zhāng jiàn míng hé tā de liǎng míng zài zhèng fǔ de tóng shì yǐ gè rén de míng yì gòu dé liǎo gāi gōng sī 80% de gǔ fèn。 běi jīng dài mèng dé tóu zī de shēn zhèn dài mèng dé bǎo shí gōng sī zé shì yóu tā zhàng fū de dì dì wēn jiā hóng suǒ kòng zhì。
zhōng bǎo dài mèng dé shì tā zuì dà de chéng gōng zhī yī。 zhè jiā qǐ yè de chū zī fāng bāo kuò yóu tā dān rèn yī bǎ shǒu de guó yòu qǐ yè zhōng guó dì kuàng bǎo shí zǒng gōng sī。 zhōng bǎo dài mèng dé hé lìng wài yī jiā yóu tā dì dì zhāng jiàn kūn guǎn lǐ de guó qǐ yòu shēng yì wǎng lái。 zhāng jiàn kūn céng shì zhè jiāng jiā xīng de yī míng guān yuán， nà lǐ yě shì zhāng bèi lì de jiā xiāng。
1999 nián xià， zài dá chéng liǎo cóng 'é luó sī hé nán fēi jìn kǒu zuàn shí de xié yì hòu， zhōng bǎo dài mèng dé zài shàng hǎi zhèng quàn jiāo yì suǒ (ShanghaiStockExchange) shàng shì， mù jí dào liǎo 3.25 yì yuán rén mín bì。 gēn jù gōng sī wén jiàn， zhè cì mù gǔ wéi zhāng bèi lì de jiā rén dài lái liǎo dà yuē 800 wàn měi yuán（ dāng shí yuē hé 6600 wàn yuán rén mín bì）。
jìn guǎn tā cóng wèi bèi liè wéi gǔ dōng， dàn tā yǐ qián de tóng shì hé shēng yì huǒ bàn biǎo shì， zhāng bèi lì zǎo nián chéng lì de zuàn shí hé huǒ qǐ yè zuì zhōng chéng wéi liǎo yī xì liè qǐ yè de hé xīn， tā bāng zhù zì jǐ de jiā zú hé tóng shì huò dé liǎo nà xiē qǐ yè de gǔ fèn。
《 niǔ yuē shí bào》 méi yòu fā xiàn， wēn jiā bǎo céng lì yòng zì jǐ de zhèng zhì yǐng xiǎng lì duì qīn shǔ suǒ tóu zī de zuàn shí gōng sī jìn xíng guān zhào。 rán 'ér， zhī qián de shēng yì huǒ bàn biǎo shì， wēn jiā bǎo jiā zú zài zuàn shí hángyè hé qí tā lǐng yù de chéng gōng wǎng wǎng dū dé dào liǎo fù yòu shāng rén de zī jīn fú chí， nà xiē shāng rén shì tú jiè cǐ tǎo hǎo zǒng lǐ yī jiā。
“ wēn jiā bǎo chéng wéi zǒng lǐ hòu， tā qī zǐ chū shòu liǎo bù fēn zuàn shí xiāng guān de tóu zī， zhuǎn 'ér jìn rù xīn de lǐng yù，” yī míng tóng gāi jiā zú yòu guò shēng yì wǎng lái de zhōng guó gāo guǎn shuō。 yīn wéi pà zāo zhèng fǔ bào fù， zhè wèi gāo guǎn qǐng qiú nì míng。 gōng sī jì lù xiǎn shì， cóng shàng shì jì 90 nián dài mò kāi shǐ， yī qún fù shāng lún fān mǎi jìn zhè xiē zuàn shí gōng sī de dà liàng gǔ fèn。 chū shòu fāng tōng cháng shì wēn jiā bǎo de qīn qī， rán hòu， zài zhè xiē shāng rén de bāng zhù xià， tā men jiāng suǒ dé zài tóu zī dào fáng dì chǎn hé jīn róng děng yòu lì kě tú de xiàng mù zhōng。
gēn jù gōng sī jì lù， fù shāng tōng cháng huì xiàng yóu zhè xiē qīn qī bù fēn kòng zhì de tóu zī hé huǒ gōng sī tí gōng kuàijì rén yuán hé bàn gōng dì diǎn。
“ dāng tā men hé huǒ chéng lì gōng sī shí，” yī wèi hé wēn jiā chéng yuán yī qǐ chéng lì guò gōng sī de shāng rén shuō，“ zhāng bèi lì liú zài mù hòu。 zhè jiù shì tā men de mó shì。”
wéi yī de 'ér zǐ
jīn nián zǎo xiē shí hòu de yī gè wǎn shàng， zǒng lǐ de dú zǐ wēn yún sōng zuò zài yī gè míng wéi“ xiù” de xuějiā bā lǐ， zhè shì yī jiān wèi yú běi jīng bǎi yuè jiǔ diàn de dǐng jí jiǔ bā。 zài chǎng de liǎng wèi kè rén tòu lù， tā dāng shí zhèng hē zhe jī wěi jiǔ， shēn biān wéi rào zhe běi jīng de xīn guì men。 zhè xiē rén tí zhe míng pái bāo， shēn zhe 'áng guì de xī zhuāng。
zài zhōng guó， rén men pǔ biàn rèn wéi gāo céng lǐng dǎo rén de xià yī dài gòu chéng liǎo yī gè tè shū de jiē céng， rén chēng“ tài zǐ dǎng”。 zhè xiē rén wǎng wǎng chí yòu cháng qīng téng (IvyLeague) míng xiào de wén píng， xiǎng shòu guì bīn dài yù， shèn zhì néng zài rè mén gǔ piào fā xíng shí yǐ yōu huì jià gé huò dé gǔ piào。
zài shì chǎng zhǔn rù shòu dào zhèng fǔ yán gé kòng zhì de zhōng guó， rén mendōu rèn wéi tài zǐ dǎng hǎo bàn shì。 ér jìn jǐ nián， hái méi yòu jǐ gè tài zǐ dǎng xiàng nián jiè bù huò de wēn yún sōng zhè yàng yòu bó lì。 tā de yīng wén míng shì wēn sī dùn (Winston)。
jīng guò diào chá wēn yún sōng de gè zhǒng tóu zī， bìng cǎi fǎng liǎo yǔ tā xiāng shí duō nián de rén shì，《 niǔ yuē shí bào》 fā xiàn tā shè zú de jiāo yì lǐng yù jí qí guǎng fàn， huò lì shèn fēng， zhè jí shǐ shì zài tā tài zǐ dǎng tóng bèi zhōng yě shì chū lèi bá cuì de。
zhū rú zhōng guó yí dòng zhè yàng de guó yòu dà jī gòu dū hé tā hé zuò chéng lì liǎo xīn gōng sī。 zài jìn xiē nián， wēn yún sōng hái hé hǎo lāi wù (Hollywood) zhì piàn shāng jiù róng zī huó dòng zhǎn kāi qià tán。
kǔ nǎo yú zhōng guó shàng wú jīng yīng jí bié de jì sù xué xiào， wēn yún sōng zuì jìn gù yōng liǎo kāng niè dí gé zhōu de qiáo tè luó sī mǎ lì zhōng xué (Choate) hé huò qí kē sī xué xiào (Hotchkiss) de xiào cháng lái fù zé chéng lì yī suǒ wèi yú jīng jiāo、 tóu zī 1.5 yì měi yuán de sī lì xué xiào， zhè suǒ xué xiào mù qián zhèng zài jiàn shè zhōng。
lìng wài， gēn jù gōng sī jì lù jí shú xī qí jiā tíng tóu zī qíng kuàng de rén shì de chén shù， wēn yún sōng yǔ qí qī hái yōng yòu zhū bǎo gōng sī、 wǎng luò gōng sī hé dòng huà gōng sī de gǔ fèn， tā men shèn zhì tōng guò fēi zhí jiē de fāng shì， yōng yòu zhèng fǔ dǐng lì zhī chí de zài xiàn zhī fù qǐ yè lián dòng yōu shì kē jì yòu xiàn gōng sī (UnionMobilePay) de gǔ fèn。 yī zhí yǐ lái， tā men zhù zài wèi yú běi jīng shì zhōng xīn de zǒng lǐ guān dǐ nèi。
yī wèi yǔ wēn yún sōng jīng cháng jiàn miàn de fēng xiǎn tóu zī jiā shuō：“ tā bù huì duì yòng zì jǐ de yǐng xiǎng lái bàn shì gǎn dào bù hǎo yì sī。”
wēn yún sōng jù jué jiē shòu cǎi fǎng， dàn tā de qī zǐ yáng xiǎo méng zài yī cì diàn huà cǎi fǎng zhōng biǎo shì， zhēn duì zì jǐ zhàng fū de shāng yè huó dòng de pī píng bìng bù gōng píng。
“ suǒ yòu guān yú tā de bào dào dōushì cuò wù de，” tā biǎo shì，“ tā zhēn de yǐ jīng bù zěn me zuò shēng yì liǎo。”
wēn yún sōng bì yè yú běi jīng de jīng yīng xué xiào， bìng zài běi jīng lǐ gōng dà xué (BeijingInstituteofTechnology) qǔ dé gōng kē xué wèi。 tā hòu lái chū guó， zài jiā ná dà wēn suō dà xué (UniversityofWindsor) qǔ dé liǎo cái liào kē xué de shuò shì xué wèi， bìng zài měi guó yī lì nuò yī zhōu 'āi wén sī dùn de xī běi dà xué (NorthwesternUniversity) kǎi luò gé shāng xué yuàn (KelloggSchoolofBusiness) qǔ dé liǎo gōng shāng guǎn lǐ shuò shì xué wèi。
shú xī wēn yún sōng shēng yì de rén tòu lù， tā 2000 nián huí guó hòu， zài wǔ nián shí jiān lǐ hé bié rén yī qǐ chéng gōng dǎ zào liǎo sān jiā kē jì gōng sī。 suí hòu tā jiāng qí zhōng liǎng jiā gōng sī chū shòu gěi liǎo xiāng gǎng de qǐ yè jiā， qí zhōng bāo kuò yà zhōu shǒu fù lǐ jiā chéng (LiKa-shing) de jiā zú。
jīng chá yuè xiāng gǎng yǔ běi jīng de gōng sī zhù cè xìn xī fā xiàn， wēn yún sōng zài 2000 nián chéng lì liǎo tā de dì yī jiā gōng sī yōu chuàng kē jì (UnihubGlobal)， tí gōng hù lián wǎng shù jù fú wù， qǐ dòng zī jīn wéi 500 wàn měi yuán。 zī jīn lái yuán yú yī xiē guān xì mìqiè de qīn qī yǔ tā mǔ qīn yǐ qián zài zhèng fǔ hé zuàn shí hángyè de tóng shì， yǐ jí xiāng gǎng dì 'èr fù yòu jiā zú de jiāzhǎng zhèng yù tóng (ChengYu-Tung) shēn biān de yī gè rén。 zhè jiā gōng sī de zuì zǎo kè hù shì yī xiē guó yòu zhèng quàn gōng sī hé píng 'ān bǎo xiǎn。 zǒng lǐ de qīn shǔ chí yòu dà liàng píng 'ān bǎo xiǎn gǔ fèn。
2005 nián， tā jìn xíng liǎo gèng dà dǎn de cháng shì， kāi shǐ jìn jūn sī mù gǔ quán hángyè， hé yī qún xī běi dà xué de zhōng guó tóng xué chéng lì liǎo xīn tiān yù zī běn gōng sī。 gōng sī hěn kuài cóng gè fāng tóu zī zhě mù jí liǎo 1 yì měi yuán de zī jīn。 tóu zī rén zhōng yòu rì běn ruǎn yín jí tuán (Softbank) qí xià de sī bǎi yì kòng gǔ (SBIHoldings) hé xīn jiā pō zhèng fǔ de tóu zī jī jīn dàn mǎ xī (Temasek)。
zài wēn yún sōng de lǐng dǎo xià， xīn tiān yù xùn sù cuān shēng wéi sī rén gǔ běn hángyè de jiǎo jiǎo zhě， gōng sī zài shēng wù kē jì、 tài yáng néng、 fēng néng hé jiàn zhù shè bèi zhì zào lǐng yù tóu zī。 jù sī bǎi yì kòng gǔ， qì jīn wéi zhǐ， gāi gōng sī yǐ jīng xiàng tóu zī zhě fǎn hái liǎo 4.3 yì měi yuán， xiāng dāng yú yú sì bèi de huò lì。
xiāng gǎng hángyè chū bǎn wù《 yà zhōu sī mù gǔ quán píng lùn》 (AsiaPrivateEquityReview) de zhù biān kǎi sè lín · wú (KathleenNg) shuō：“ tā men de dì yī gè jī jīn jiù yī pào dǎ xiǎng。 zhè shǐ dé tā men kě yǐ mù dé gèng duō zī jīn。”
mù qián， xīn tiān yù guǎn lǐ zhe yú 25 yì měi yuán de zī jīn。
rán 'ér， wēn yún sōng de yī xiē jiāo yì què gěi zǒng lǐ dài lái liǎo yī xiē bù bì yào de guān zhù。
2010 nián， jiù zài yī jiā míng wéi sì huán yī yào de qǐ yè gōng kāi fā xíng gǔ piào jǐn liǎng gè yuè qián， xīn tiān yù shōu gòu liǎo gāi gōng sī 9% de gǔ quán。 xiāng gǎng zhèng jiāo suǒ zuò chū cái dìng， zhè bǐ hòu qī tóu zī wéi fǎn liǎo xiāng guān guī dìng， bìng qiǎngpò xīn tiān yù tuì huí gǔ quán。 jí biàn zhè yàng， gāi gōng sī hái shì zài zhè bǐ jiāo yì zhōng huò lì 4650 wàn měi yuán。
bù jiǔ yǐ hòu， xīn tiān yù xuān bù， wēn yún sōng yǐ jīng bù zài fù zé gōng sī de rì cháng yùn zuò。 tā zhuǎn 'ér jiā rù liǎo guó yòu de zhōng guó wèi xīng tōng xìn jí tuán gōng sī。 zhè jiā gōng sī hé zhōng guó de kōng jiān xiàng mù yòu lián xì， mù qián， tā yǐ jīng chéng wéi liǎo gāi gōng sī de dǒng shì cháng。
fù háo men
zài shàng shì jì 90 nián dài mò qī， duàn wěi hóng tōng guò zì jǐ de tài hóng dì chǎn gōng sī zài zǒng lǐ de jiā xiāng tiān jīn guǎn lǐ zhe yīzhuàng bàn gōng lóu yǔ jǐ chù fáng chǎn。 tā dāng shí hái bù dào 30 suì， yōng yòu nán jīng lǐ gōng dà xué de xué wèi。
zài 2002 nián， duàn wěi hóng yǔ jǐ wèi wēn jiā bǎo de qīn qī zhǎn kāi liǎo shāng yè hé zuò， jiāng zì jǐ de fáng dì chǎn gōng sī zhuǎn huàn chéng wèile tóng míng de tóu zī gōng sī。 zhè jiā gōng sī zuì zhōng shǐ duàn wěi hóng biàn dé fēi cháng fù yòu。
xiàn nián 43 suì de duàn wěi hóng yǔ zǒng lǐ de guān xì shàng bù míng lǎng。 zài shù cì cǎi fǎng zhōng， tā xiān shì biǎo shì， zì jǐ bìng bù rèn shí wēn jiā rèn hé rén， dàn suí hòu yòu chéng rèn zì jǐ shì zǒng lǐ fū rén zhāng bèi lì de péng yǒu。 yǔ qí tā jǐ wèi zhōng guó qǐ yè jiā yī yàng， zài hé zhè xiē qīn shǔ yǐ jí tā men de guān xì wǎng zhōng de péng yǒu yǔ tóng shì zhǎn kāi hé zuò hòu， tā de cái fù guī mó jí sù shàng shēng。 rán 'ér tā biǎo shì， zì jǐ hé zhè xiē rén zài píng 'ān gǔ quán shàng de guān xì zhǐ cún zài yú zhǐ miàn shàng， bìng méi yòu zhēn zhèng de jīn qián wǎng lái。
duàn wěi hóng yǔ lìng wài jǐ gè shāng rén yī zhí yǐ láidōu zài bāng zhù wēn jiā bǎo jiā zú， tā men de zuò yòng zhì guān zhòng yào， zài guān jiàn shí kè qǐ dòng dà xíng xiàng mù， yǐ bāng zhù wēn jiā bǎo jiā zú chéng yuán shè lì tóu zī píng tái， bìng cóng zhōng huò lì。 zhè xiē shēng yì huǒ bàn lǐ bāo kuò 6 wèi lái zì zhōng guó gè dì de yì wàn fù háo。
chéng lì yú tiān jīn de tài hóng huò dé liǎo jīng rén de huí bào。 gōng sī pī lù xìn xī yǔ duàn wěi hóng de yán jiū shēng lùn wén xiǎn shì， 2002 nián， zài píng 'ān bǎo xiǎn shǒu cì gōng kāi fā xíng gǔ piào zhī qián， tài hóng yǐ 6500 wàn měi yuán gòu dé liǎo píng 'ān 3% de gǔ fèn。 5 nián hòu， zhè xiē gǔ piào de shì zhí wéi 37 yì měi yuán。
suí hòu， tōng guò zì jǐ zài xiāng gǎng de yī jiā gōng sī， duàn wěi hóng hé liǎng jiā guó yòu qǐ yè chéng lì liǎo yī gè hé zī gōng sī， bìng zài běi jīng shǒu dū guó jì jī chǎng fù jìn gòu dé liǎo yī dà kuài tǔ dì。 rú jīn， zài zhè piàn tǔ dì shàng， zuò luò zhe yī gè bù duàn zhuàng dà de huò yùn wù liú zhōng xīn。 qù nián， tài hóng jiāng zhè yī xiàng mù zhōng gāi gōng sī yōng yòu de 53% gǔ quán chū shòu gěi liǎo yī jiā xīn jiā pō qǐ yè， shòu jià wéi jìn 4 yì měi yuán。
《 niǔ yuē shí bào》 tōng guò chá yuè gōng sī pī lù cái liào fā xiàn， zhè bǐ jiāo yì， lián tóng tā duì háo huá jiǔ diàn、 běi jīng de bié shù kāi fā xiàng mù， yǐ jí zài xiāng gǎng shàng shì de běi jīng jīn yú gǔ fèn yòu xiàn gōng sī de tóu zī， duì duàn wěi hóng de cái fù jī lěi qǐ dào liǎo zhì guān zhòng yào de zuò yòng。 běi jīng jīn yú shì zhōng guó zuì dà jiàn zhù cái liào qǐ yè zhī yī。
tōng guò chá yuè bào biǎo hái fā xiàn， zài guò qù 10 nián zhōng， tài hóng yòu zhe sān shí duō wèi gè rén gǔ dōng， qí zhōng hěn duō rén yào me shì wēn jiā bǎo de qīn shǔ， yào me shì zhāng bèi lì de qián tóng shì。
qí tā yǔ zǒng lǐ de qīn shǔ hé zuò guò de fù shāng jù jué jiù běn bào dào zhì píng。 duàn wěi hóng qiáng liè fǒu rèn zì jǐ yǔ zǒng lǐ huò qí qīn shǔ cún zài rèn hé jīn qián wǎng lái， bìng biǎo shì， jiāng píng 'ān gǔ piào fàng zài tā rén míng xià， zhǐ wéi bì miǎn méi tǐ guān zhù。“ tóu zī píng 'ān de qián quán shì wǒ zì jǐ de”， céng jīng shì píng 'ān jiān shì huì chéng yuán de duàn wěi hóng biǎo shì。“ wǒ zuò de yī qiēdōu shì hé fǎ de。”
yǔ wēn jiā bǎo de qīn shǔ jìn xíng hé zuò de lìng yī wèi fù shāng shì zhǎng wò zhe xiāng gǎng jí tuán qǐ yè xīn shì jiè fā zhǎn gōng sī de zhèng yù tóng (ChengYutung)。《 fú bù sī》 (Forbes) shù jù xiǎn shì， tā de shēn jià wéi 150 yì měi yuán， shì yà zhōu zuì dà de fù háo zhī yī。
zài 20 shì jì 90 nián dài， xīn shì jiè zhèng zài zhōng guó nèi dì wéi yī jiā zhuān mén jīng yíng gāo dàng zhū bǎo de zǐ mèi gōng sī xún zhǎo luò jiǎo diǎn。 1998 nián， zhè jiā míng wéi zhōu dà fú (ChowTaiFook) de lián suǒ zhū bǎo líng shòu qǐ yè zài zhōng guó nèi dì kāi shè liǎo dì yī jiā mén diàn。
xiāng guān jì lù yǔ duì dāng shì rén de cǎi fǎng xiǎn shì， zhèng yù tóng de shǒu xià xiàng bèi hòu yòu wēn jiā bǎo de qīn shǔ zhī chí de zuàn shí qǐ yè jìn xíng liǎo tóu zī。 hái yǔ zhè xiē qǐ yè yī qǐ， gòng tóng tóu zī liǎo yī xì liè qǐ yè shí tǐ， qí zhōng bāo kuò shēng mìng rén shòu (Sino-Life)、 guó mín xìn tuō (NationalTrust) hé píng 'ān bǎo xiǎn。 qǐ yè pī lù de bào biǎo xiǎn shì， zhèng yù tóng zuò chū de zhè xiē tóu zī xiàn zài zhì shǎo jià zhí 50 yì měi yuán。 lián suǒ zhū bǎo qǐ yè zhōu dà fú yě dé dào liǎo péng bó fā zhǎn。 jīn tiān， gāi gōng sī 42 yì měi yuán de nián shōu rù zhōng， 60% lái zì zhōng guó shì chǎng。
běn bào wèi néng lián xì dào 87 suì de zhèng yù tóng。 xīn shì jiè fā zhǎn gōng sī yě méi yòu huí fù dǎ guò qù de diàn huà。
duì wēn jiā bǎo de yǐng xiǎng
2007 nián dōng， jiù zài wēn jiā bǎo kāi shǐ dì 'èr gè zǒng lǐ rèn qī zhī qián， tā hūyù cǎi qǔ xīn cuò shī dǎ jī fǔ bài， yóu qí shì gāo jí guān yuán de fǔ bài。
“ gè jí zhù yào fù zé tóng zhì yào …… dài tóu zhí xíng zhōng yāng guān yú dǎng zhèng gànbù lián jié zì lǜ de gè xiàng guī dìng。” zài běi jīng jǔ xíng de yī cì dǎng nèi gāo céng guān yuán cān jiā de huì yì shàng， wēn jiā bǎo shuō：“ lǐng dǎo gànbù tè bié shì gāo jí gànbù yào yán gé guǎn shù zǐ nǚ、 qīn shǔ hé shēn biān gōng zuò rén yuán， fáng zhǐ tā men lì yòng zì jǐ de yǐng xiǎng móu qǔ bù zhèng dāng lì yì。”
shàng shù jiǎng huà， yǔ wēn jiā bǎo jiào zǎo qián tuī dòng duì gōng wù yuán shí xíng gèng yán gé de cái chǎn shēn bào guī dìng， yào qiú gāo jí guān yuán gōng bù jiā tíng zī chǎn de xíng dòng shì yī zhì de。
yóu yú zhōng guó gòng chǎn dǎng bìng bù gōng bù cǐ lèi xìn xī， bìng bù qīng chǔ wēn jiā bǎo shì fǒu jìn xíng guò guān yú zì jǐ jiā tíng cái chǎn de shēn bào。 jìn guǎn rú cǐ，《 niǔ yuē shí bào》 fā xiàn de wēn jiā bǎo qīn shǔ chí yòu de zī chǎn zhōng， hěn duō kě néng bìng bù xū yào jìn xíng pī lù， yīn wéi nà xiē zī chǎn bìng bù shì yǐ wēn jiā bǎo， jí tā de qī zǐ hé zǐ nǚ de míng yì chí yòu de。
《 niǔ yuē shí bào》 tōng guò diào chá fā xiàn bìng jīng yóu wài bù shěn jì rén yuán hé chá de 27 yì měi yuán zī chǎn zhōng， yuē yòu 80% shì yóu wēn jiā bǎo de mǔ qīn、 dì dì、 dì xí、 wēn jiā bǎo qī zǐ de liǎng míng xiōng dì、 wēn jiā bǎo de 'ér xí jí qīn jiā děng rén suǒ chí yòu de。 tā mendōu bù shòu zhōng guó gòng chǎn dǎng gōng kāi cái chǎn de guī dìng suǒ xiàn zhì。《 niǔ yuē shí bào》 duì xiāng guān qīn shǔ de zhōng guó píng 'ān bǎo xiǎn chí gǔ zǒng guī mó jìn xíng liǎo jì suàn， qí jiēguǒ dé dào liǎo shěn jì shī díquè rèn。 zǒng 'é bāo kuò qīn shǔ céng jīng chí yòu dàn zài 2004 nián zhì 2006 zhī jiān shòu chū de gǔ piào， yǐ jí 2007 nián mò shèng xià de gǔ piào。 zài cǐ zhī hòu， tā men píng 'ān bǎo xiǎn de chí gǔ zhuàng kuàng jiù méi yòu zài jìn xíng guò gōng kāi pī lù。
fǎ lǜ zhuān jiā biǎo shì， gū cè zhǔn què de jià zhí bìng bù róng yì， yīn wéi kě néng cún zài yī xiē bìng bù duì wài pī lù、 zhǐ dìng zhēn zhèng shòu yì zhě de fù jiā xié yì。
gē lún bǐ yà dà xué fǎ xué yuàn (ColumbiaUniversityLawSchool) jiào shòu kè tí sī · mǐ 'ěr hā tè (CurtisMilhaupt) céng yán jiū guò zhōng guó gōng sī jià gòu， tā biǎo shì：“ fù zá de qǐ yè jià gòu bìng bù yī dìng yòu yīn móu guǐ jì。 dàn zài qǐ yè suǒ yòu quán hé zhèng zhì quán lì jǐn mì jiāo zhì de zhōng guó tǐ zhì zhī xià， ké gōng sī jiù huì fàng dà zī chǎn suǒ yòu rén bù míng、 zī jīn lái yuán bù míng de wèn tí。”
zài wēn jiā bǎo de jiā zú suǒ kòng zhì de qǐ yè zhōng jìn xíng tóu zī de rén lǐ， yòu hěn duō cháng qī de shāng yè huǒ bàn、 qián tóng shì， yǐ jí dà xué tóng xué， qí zhōng bāo kuò wēn yún sōng zài xī běi dà xué de tóng xué yú jiàn míng， yǐ jí wēn jiā bǎo de dì dì wēn jiā hóng cháng qī yǐ lái de tóng shì zhāng yù hóng。 zhè xiē réndōu méi yòu huí fù jiù běn bào dào zhì píng de qǐng qiú。
pī lù wēn jiā bǎo jiā zú chí yòu de cái fù， kě néng huì gěi wēn jiā bǎo dài lái zhèng zhì shàng de dǎ jī。
xià gè yuè， zhōng gòng shí bā dàjiàng zài běi jīng zhào kāi， gòng chǎn dǎng jiāng xuān bù xià yī jiè lǐng dǎo rén rén xuǎn。 dàn shì zhè gè shāi xuǎn guò chéng què yǐ jīng xiàn rù jǐ shí nián lái zuì yán zhòng de zhèng zhì chǒu wén zhōng héng héng shì tú jìn rù zuì gāo céng de chóngqìng shì wěi shū jì bó xī lái dǎo tái。
zài běi jīng， yīn yǐ dào tuì xiū nián líng， wēn jiā bǎo jí jiāng xiè rèn zǒng lǐ yī zhí。 shù wèi zhèng zhì fēn xī rén shì biǎo shì， jí shǐ zài lí rèn zhī hòu， zuò wéi dǎng nèi lǎo lǐng dǎo， tā hái jiāng zài mù hòu bǎo yòu qiáng dà de zhèng zhì lì liàng， dàn zhè xiē xiǎn shì qí qīn shǔ céng zài tā rèn qī nèi jī lěi jù 'é cái fù de cái liào， jīhū kěn dìng huì xuē ruò tā zài dǎng nèi de dì wèi。
“ zhè jiāng yǐng xiǎng tā shǒu zhōng shèng xià de zhèng zhì lì liàng，” yán jiū zhōng guó lǐng dǎo céng de zhuān jiā、 jiā zhōu kè lāi méng mài kěn nà xué yuàn (ClaremontMcKennaCollege) de zhèng fǔ xué jiào shòu péi mǐn xīn (MinxinPei) biǎo shì。
wēn jiā bǎo de zhī chí zhě biǎo shì， tā běn rén bìng méi yòu cóng jiā zú de shāng yè wǎng lái zhōng huò lì， shèn zhì kě néng yě bù tài liǎo jiě zhè xiē shāng yè wǎng lái de guī mó。
jīn nián 3 yuè， wēn jiā bǎo 'àn shì， tā zhì shǎo shì zhī xiǎo zì jǐ de qīn zhǔyǐn fā liǎo bù shǎo chuán yán。 zài běi jīng jǔ xíng de yīcháng xiàng quán guó diàn shì zhí bō de xīn wén fā bù huì shàng， wēn jiā bǎo jiān chēng， zì jǐ dān rèn gōng zhí qī jiān“ méi yòu móu guò sī lì”。
“ wǒ gǎn yú miàn duì rén mín、 miàn duì lì shǐ。” wēn jiā bǎo dòng qíng dì shuō：“ zhī wǒ zuì wǒ， qí wéi chūn qiū。”
BEIJING — The mother of China’s prime minister was a schoolteacher in northern China. His father was ordered to tend pigs in one of Mao’s political campaigns. And during childhood, “my family was extremely poor,” the prime minister, Wen Jiabao, said in a speech last year.
But now 90, the prime minister’s mother, Yang Zhiyun, not only left poverty behind — she became outright rich, at least on paper, according to corporate and regulatory records. Just one investment in her name, in a large Chinese financial services company, had a value of $120 million five years ago, the records show.
The details of how Ms. Yang, a widow, accumulated such wealth are not known, or even if she was aware of the holdings in her name. But it happened after her son was elevated to China’s ruling elite, first in 1998 as vice prime minister and then five years later as prime minister.
Many relatives of Wen Jiabao, including his son, daughter, younger brother and brother-in-law, have become extraordinarily wealthy during his leadership, an investigation by The New York Times shows. A review of corporate and regulatory records indicates that the prime minister’s relatives, some of whom have a knack for aggressive deal-making, including his wife, have controlled assets worth at least $2.7 billion.
In many cases, the names of the relatives have been hidden behind layers of partnerships and investment vehicles involving friends, work colleagues and business partners. Untangling their financial holdings provides an unusually detailed look at how politically connected people have profited from being at the intersection of government and business as state influence and private wealth converge in China’s fast-growing economy.
Unlike most new businesses in China, the family’s ventures sometimes received financial backing from state-owned companies, including China Mobile, one of the country’s biggest phone operators, the documents show. At other times, the ventures won support from some of Asia’s richest tycoons. The Times found that Mr. Wen’s relatives accumulated shares in banks, jewelers, tourist resorts, telecommunications companies and infrastructure projects, sometimes by using offshore entities.
The holdings include a villa development project in Beijing; a tire factory in northern China; a company that helped build some of Beijing’s Olympic stadiums, including the well-known “Bird’s Nest”; and Ping An Insurance, one of the world’s biggest financial services companies.
As prime minister in an economy that remains heavily state-driven, Mr. Wen, who is best known for his simple ways and common touch, more importantly has broad authority over the major industries where his relatives have made their fortunes. Chinese companies cannot list their shares on a stock exchange without approval from agencies overseen by Mr. Wen, for example. He also has the power to influence investments in strategic sectors like energy and telecommunications.
Because the Chinese government rarely makes its deliberations public, it is not known what role — if any — Mr. Wen, who is 70, has played in most policy or regulatory decisions. But in some cases, his relatives have sought to profit from opportunities made possible by those decisions.
The prime minister’s younger brother, for example, has a company that was awarded more than $30 million in government contracts and subsidies to handle wastewater treatment and medical waste disposal for some of China’s biggest cities, according to estimates based on government records. The contracts were announced after Mr. Wen ordered tougher regulations on medical waste disposal in 2003 after the SARS outbreak.
In 2004, after the State Council, a government body Mr. Wen presides over, exempted Ping An Insurance and other companies from rules that limited their scope, Ping An went on to raise $1.8 billion in an initial public offering of stock. Partnerships controlled by Mr. Wen’s relatives — along with their friends and colleagues — made a fortune by investing in the company before the public offering.
In 2007, the last year the stock holdings were disclosed in public documents, those partnerships held as much as $2.2 billion worth of Ping An stock, according to an accounting of the investments by The Times that was verified by outside auditors. Ping An’s overall market value is now nearly $60 billion.
Ping An said in a statement that the company did “not know the background of the entities behind our shareholders.” The statement said, “Ping An has no means to know the intentions behind shareholders when they buy and sell our shares.”
While Communist Party regulations call for top officials to disclose their wealth and that of their immediate family members, no law or regulation prohibits relatives of even the most senior officials from becoming deal-makers or major investors — a loophole that effectively allows them to trade on their family name. Some Chinese argue that permitting the families of Communist Party leaders to profit from the country’s long economic boom has been important to ensuring elite support for market-oriented reforms.
Even so, the business dealings of Mr. Wen’s relatives have sometimes been hidden in ways that suggest the relatives are eager to avoid public scrutiny, the records filed with Chinese regulatory authorities show. Their ownership stakes are often veiled by an intricate web of holdings as many as five steps removed from the operating companies, according to the review.
In the case of Mr. Wen’s mother, The Times calculated her stake in Ping An — valued at $120 million in 2007 — by examining public records and government-issued identity cards, and by following the ownership trail to three Chinese investment entities. The name recorded on his mother’s shares was Taihong, a holding company registered in Tianjin, the prime minister’s hometown.
The apparent efforts to conceal the wealth reflect the highly charged politics surrounding the country’s ruling elite, many of whom are also enormously wealthy but reluctant to draw attention to their riches. When Bloomberg News reported in June that the extended family of Vice President Xi Jinping, set to become China’s next president, had amassed hundreds of millions of dollars in assets, the Chinese government blocked access inside the country to the Bloomberg Web site.
“In the senior leadership, there’s no family that doesn’t have these problems,” said a former government colleague of Wen Jiabao who has known him for more than 20 years and who spoke on the condition of anonymity. “His enemies are intentionally trying to smear him by letting this leak out.”
The Times presented its findings to the Chinese government for comment. The Foreign Ministry declined to respond to questions about the investments, the prime minister or his relatives. Members of Mr. Wen’s family also declined to comment or did not respond to requests for comment.
Duan Weihong, a wealthy businesswoman whose company, Taihong, was the investment vehicle for the Ping An shares held by the prime minister’s mother and other relatives, said the investments were actually her own. Ms. Duan, who comes from the prime minister’s hometown and is a close friend of his wife, said ownership of the shares was listed in the names of Mr. Wen’s relatives in an effort to conceal the size of Ms. Duan’s own holdings.
“When I invested in Ping An I didn’t want to be written about,” Ms. Duan said, “so I had my relatives find some other people to hold these shares for me.”
But it was an “accident,” she said, that her company chose the relatives of the prime minister as the listed shareholders — a process that required registering their official ID numbers and obtaining their signatures. Until presented with the names of the investors by The Times, she said, she had no idea that they had selected the relatives of Wen Jiabao.
The review of the corporate and regulatory records, which covers 1992 to 2012, found no holdings in Mr. Wen’s name. And it was not possible to determine from the documents whether he recused himself from any decisions that might have affected his relatives’ holdings, or whether they received preferential treatment on investments.
For much of his tenure, Wen Jiabao has been at the center of rumors and conjecture about efforts by his relatives to profit from his position. Yet until the review by The Times, there has been no detailed accounting of the family’s riches.
His wife, Zhang Beili, is one of the country’s leading authorities on jewelry and gemstones and is an accomplished businesswoman in her own right. By managing state diamond companies that were later privatized, The Times found, she helped her relatives parlay their minority stakes into a billion-dollar portfolio of insurance, technology and real estate ventures.
The couple’s only son sold a technology company he started to the family of Hong Kong’s richest man, Li Ka-shing, for $10 million, and used another investment vehicle to establish New Horizon Capital, now one of China’s biggest private equity firms, with partners like the government of Singapore, according to records and interviews with bankers.
The prime minister’s younger brother, Wen Jiahong, controls $200 million in assets, including wastewater treatment plants and recycling businesses, the records show.
As prime minister, Mr. Wen has staked out a position as a populist and a reformer, someone whom the state-run media has nicknamed “the People’s Premier” and “Grandpa Wen” because of his frequent outings to meet ordinary people, especially in moments of crisis like natural disasters.
While it is unclear how much the prime minister knows about his family’s wealth, State Department documents released by the WikiLeaks organization in 2010 included a cable that suggested Mr. Wen was aware of his relatives’ business dealings and unhappy about them.
“Wen is disgusted with his family’s activities, but is either unable or unwilling to curtail them,” a Chinese-born executive working at an American company in Shanghai told American diplomats, according to the 2007 cable.
China’s ‘Diamond Queen’
It is no secret in China’s elite circles that the prime minister’s wife, Zhang Beili, is rich, and that she has helped control the nation’s jewelry and gem trade. But her lucrative diamond businesses became an off-the-charts success only as her husband moved into the country’s top leadership ranks, the review of corporate and regulatory records by The Times found.
A geologist with an expertise in gemstones, Ms. Zhang is largely unknown among ordinary Chinese. She rarely travels with the prime minister or appears with him, and there are few official photographs of the couple together. And while people who have worked with her say she has a taste for jade and fine diamonds, they say she usually dresses modestly, does not exude glamour and prefers to wield influence behind the scenes, much like the relatives of other senior leaders.
The State Department documents released by WikiLeaks included a suggestion that Mr. Wen had once considered divorcing Ms. Zhang because she had exploited their relationship in her diamond trades. Taiwanese television reported in 2007 that Ms. Zhang had bought a pair of jade earrings worth about $275,000 at a Beijing trade show, though the source — a Taiwanese trader — later backed off the claim and Chinese government censors moved swiftly to block coverage of the subject in China, according to news reports at the time.
“Her business activities are known to everyone in the leadership,” said one banker who worked with relatives of Wen Jiabao. The banker said it was not unusual for her office to call upon businesspeople. “And if you get that call, how can you say no?”
Zhang Beili first gained influence in the 1990s, while working as a regulator at the Ministry of Geology. At the time, China’s jewelry market was still in its infancy.
While her husband was serving in China’s main leadership compound, known as Zhongnanhai, Ms. Zhang was setting industry standards in the jewelry and gem trade. She helped create the National Gemstone Testing Center in Beijing, and the Shanghai Diamond Exchange, two of the industry’s most powerful institutions.
In a country where the state has long dominated the marketplace, jewelry regulators often decided which companies could set up diamond-processing factories, and which would gain entry to the retail jewelry market. State regulators even formulated rules that required diamond sellers to buy certificates of authenticity for any diamond sold in China, from the government-run testing center in Beijing, which Ms. Zhang managed.
As a result, when executives from Cartier or De Beers visited China with hopes of selling diamonds and jewelry here, they often went to visit Ms. Zhang, who became known as China’s “diamond queen.”
“She’s the most important person there,” said Gaetano Cavalieri, president of the World Jewelry Confederation in Switzerland. “She was bridging relations between partners — Chinese and foreign partners.”
As early as 1992, people who worked with Ms. Zhang said, she had begun to blur the line between government official and businesswoman. As head of the state-owned China Mineral and Gem Corporation, she began investing the state company’s money in start-ups. And by the time her husband was named vice premier, in 1998, she was busy setting up business ventures with friends and relatives.
The state company she ran invested in a group of affiliated diamond companies, according to public records. Many of them were run by Ms. Zhang’s relatives — or colleagues who had worked with her at the National Gemstone Testing Center.
In 1993, for instance, the state company Ms. Zhang ran helped found Beijing Diamond, a big jewelry retailer. A year later, one of her younger brothers, Zhang Jianming, and two of her government colleagues personally acquired 80 percent of the company, according to shareholder registers. Beijing Diamond invested in Shenzhen Diamond, which was controlled by her brother-in-law, Wen Jiahong, the prime minister’s younger brother.
Among the successful undertakings was Sino-Diamond, a venture financed by the state-owned China Mineral and Gem Corporation, which she headed. The company had business ties with a state-owned company managed by another brother, Zhang Jiankun, who worked as an official in Jiaxing, Ms. Zhang’s hometown, in Zhejiang Province.
In the summer of 1999, after securing agreements to import diamonds from Russia and South Africa, Sino-Diamond went public, raising $50 million on the Shanghai Stock Exchange. The offering netted Ms. Zhang’s family about $8 million, according to corporate filings.
Although she was never listed as a shareholder, former colleagues and business partners say Ms. Zhang’s early diamond partnerships were the nucleus of a larger portfolio of companies she would later help her family and colleagues gain a stake in.
The Times found no indication that Wen Jiabao used his political clout to influence the diamond companies his relatives invested in. But former business partners said that the family’s success in diamonds, and beyond, was often bolstered with financial backing from wealthy businessmen who sought to curry favor with the prime minister’s family.
“After Wen became prime minister, his wife sold off some of her diamond investments and moved into new things,” said a Chinese executive who did business with the family. He asked not to be named because of fear of government retaliation. Corporate records show that beginning in the late 1990s, a series of rich businessmen took turns buying up large stakes in the diamond companies, often from relatives of Mr. Wen, and then helped them reinvest in other lucrative ventures, like real estate and finance.
According to corporate records and interviews, the businessmen often supplied accountants and office space to investment partnerships partly controlled by the relatives.
“When they formed companies,” said one businessman who set up a company with members of the Wen family, “Ms. Zhang stayed in the background. That’s how it worked.”
The Only Son
Late one evening early this year, the prime minister’s only son, Wen Yunsong, was in the cigar lounge at Xiu, an upscale bar and lounge at the Park Hyatt in Beijing. He was having cocktails as Beijing’s nouveau riche gathered around, clutching designer bags and wearing expensive business suits, according to two guests who were present.
In China, the children of senior leaders are widely believed to be in a class of their own. Known as “princelings,” they often hold Ivy League degrees, get V.I.P. treatment, and are even offered preferred pricing on shares in hot stock offerings.
They are also known as people who can get things done in China’s heavily regulated marketplace, where the state controls access. And in recent years, few princelings have been as bold as the younger Mr. Wen, who goes by the English name Winston and is about 40 years old.
A Times review of Winston Wen’s investments, and interviews with people who have known him for years, show that his deal-making has been extensive and lucrative, even by the standards of his princeling peers.
State-run giants like China Mobile have formed start-ups with him. In recent years, Winston Wen has been in talks with Hollywood studios about a financing deal.
Concerned that China does not have an elite boarding school for Chinese students, he recently hired the headmasters of Choate and Hotchkiss in Connecticut to oversee the creation of a $150 million private school now being built in the Beijing suburbs.
Winston Wen and his wife, moreover, have stakes in the technology industry and an electric company, as well as an indirect stake in Union Mobile Pay, the government-backed online payment platform — all while living in the prime minister’s residence, in central Beijing, according to corporate records and people familiar with the family’s investments.
“He’s not shy about using his influence to get things done,” said one venture capitalist who regularly meets with Winston Wen.
The younger Mr. Wen declined to comment. But in a telephone interview, his wife, Yang Xiaomeng, said her husband had been unfairly criticized for his business dealings.
“Everything that has been written about him has been wrong,” she said. “He’s really not doing that much business anymore.”
Winston Wen was educated in Beijing and then earned an engineering degree from the Beijing Institute of Technology. He went abroad and earned a master’s degree in engineering materials from the University of Windsor, in Canada, and an M.B.A. from the Kellogg School of Business at Northwestern University in Evanston, Ill., just outside Chicago.
When he returned to China in 2000, he helped set up three successful technology companies in five years, according to people familiar with those deals. Two of them were sold to Hong Kong businessmen, one to the family of Li Ka-shing, one of the wealthiest men in Asia.
Winston Wen’s earliest venture, an Internet data services provider called Unihub Global, was founded in 2000 with $2 million in start-up capital, according to Hong Kong and Beijing corporate filings. Financing came from a tight-knit group of relatives and his mother’s former colleagues from government and the diamond trade, as well as an associate of Cheng Yu-tung, patriarch of Hong Kong’s second-wealthiest family. The firm’s earliest customers were state-owned brokerage houses and Ping An, in which the Wen family has held a large financial stake.
He made an even bolder move in 2005, by pushing into private equity when he formed New Horizon Capital with a group of Chinese-born classmates from Northwestern. The firm quickly raised $100 million from investors, including SBI Holdings, a division of the Japanese group SoftBank, and Temasek, the Singapore government investment fund.
Under Mr. Wen, New Horizon established itself as a leading private equity firm, investing in biotech, solar, wind and construction equipment makers. Since it began operations, the firm has returned about $430 million to investors, a fourfold profit, according to SBI Holdings.
“Their first fund was dynamite,” said Kathleen Ng, editor of Asia Private Equity Review, an industry publication in Hong Kong. “And that allowed them to raise a lot more money.”
Today, New Horizon has more than $2.5 billion under management.
Some of Winston Wen’s deal-making, though, has attracted unwanted attention for the prime minister.
In 2010, when New Horizon acquired a 9 percent stake in a company called Sihuan Pharmaceuticals just two months before its public offering, the Hong Kong Stock Exchange said the late-stage investment violated its rules and forced the firm to return the stake. Still, New Horizon made a $46.5 million profit on the sale.
Soon after, New Horizon announced that Winston Wen had handed over day-to-day operations and taken up a position at the China Satellite Communications Corporation, a state-owned company that has ties to the Chinese space program. He has since been named chairman.
The Tycoons
In the late 1990s, Duan Weihong was managing an office building and several other properties in Tianjin, the prime minister’s hometown in northern China, through her property company, Taihong. She was in her 20s and had studied at the Nanjing University of Science and Technology.
Around 2002, Ms. Duan went into business with several relatives of Wen Jiabao, transforming her property company into an investment vehicle of the same name. The company helped make Ms. Duan very wealthy.
It is not known whether Ms. Duan, now 43, is related to the prime minister. In a series of interviews, she first said she did not know any members of the Wen family, but later described herself as a friend of the family and particularly close to Zhang Beili, the prime minister’s wife. As happened to a handful of other Chinese entrepreneurs, Ms. Duan’s fortunes soared as she teamed up with the relatives and their network of friends and colleagues, though she described her relationship with them involving the shares in Ping An as existing on paper only and having no financial component.
Ms. Duan and other wealthy businesspeople — among them, six billionaires from across China — have been instrumental in getting multimillion-dollar ventures off the ground and, at crucial times, helping members of the Wen family set up investment vehicles to profit from them, according to investment bankers who have worked with all parties.
Established in Tianjin, Taihong had spectacular returns. In 2002, the company paid about $65 million to acquire a 3 percent stake in Ping An before its initial public offering, according to corporate records and Ms. Duan’s graduate school thesis. Five years later, those shares were worth $3.7 billion
The company’s Hong Kong affiliate, Great Ocean, also run by Ms. Duan, later formed a joint venture with the Beijing government and acquired a huge tract of land adjacent to Capital International Airport. Today, the site is home to a sprawling cargo and logistics center. Last year, Great Ocean sold its 53 percent stake in the project to a Singapore company for nearly $400 million.
That deal and several other investments, in luxury hotels, Beijing villa developments and the Hong Kong-listed BBMG, one of China’s largest building materials companies, have been instrumental to Ms. Duan’s accumulation of riches, according to The Times’s review of corporate records.
The review also showed that over the past decade there have been nearly three dozen individual shareholders of Taihong, many of whom are either relatives of Wen Jiabao or former colleagues of his wife.
The other wealthy entrepreneurs who have worked with the prime minister’s relatives declined to comment for this article. Ms. Duan strongly denied having financial ties to the prime minister or his relatives and said she was only trying to avoid publicity by listing others as owning Ping An shares. “The money I invested in Ping An was completely my own,” said Ms. Duan, who has served as a member of the Ping An board of supervisors. “Everything I did was legal.”
Another wealthy partner of the Wen relatives has been Cheng Yu-tung, who controls the Hong Kong conglomerate New World Development and is one of the richest men in Asia, worth about $15 billion, according to Forbes.
In the 1990s, New World was seeking a foothold in mainland China for a sister company that specializes in high-end retail jewelry. The retail chain, Chow Tai Fook, opened its first store in China in 1998.
Mr. Cheng and his associates invested in a diamond venture backed by the relatives of Mr. Wen and co-invested with them in an array of corporate entities, including Sino-Life, National Trust and Ping An, according to records and interviews with some of those involved. Those investments by Mr. Cheng are now worth at least $5 billion, according to the corporate filings. Chow Tai Fook, the jewelry chain, has also flourished. Today, China accounts for 60 percent of the chain’s $4.2 billion in annual revenue.
Mr. Cheng, 87, could not be reached for comment. Calls to New World Development were not returned.
Fallout for Premier
In the winter of 2007, just before he began his second term as prime minister, Wen Jiabao called for new measures to fight corruption, particularly among high-ranking officials.
“Leaders at all levels of government should take the lead in the antigraft drive,” he told a gathering of high-level party members in Beijing. “They should strictly ensure that their family members, friends and close subordinates do not abuse government influence.”
The speech was consistent with the prime minister’s earlier drive to toughen disclosure rules for public servants, and to require senior officials to reveal their family assets.
Whether Mr. Wen has made such disclosures for his own family is unclear, since the Communist Party does not release such information. Even so, many of the holdings found by The Times would not need to be disclosed under the rules since they are not held in the name of the prime minister’s immediate family — his wife, son and daughter.
Eighty percent of the $2.7 billion in assets identified in The Times’s investigation and verified by the outside auditors were held by, among others, the prime minister’s mother, his younger brother, two brothers-in-law, a sister-in-law, daughter-in-law and the parents of his son’s wife, none of whom is subject to party disclosure rules. The total value of the relatives’ stake in Ping An is based on calculations by The Times that were confirmed by the auditors. The total includes shares held by the relatives that were sold between 2004 and 2006, and the value of the remaining shares in late 2007, the last time the holdings were publicly disclosed.
Legal experts said that determining the precise value of holdings in China could be difficult because there might be undisclosed side agreements about the true beneficiaries.
“Complex corporate structures are not necessarily insidious,” said Curtis J. Milhaupt, a Columbia University Law School professor who has studied China’s corporate group structures. “But in a system like China’s, where corporate ownership and political power are closely intertwined, shell companies magnify questions about who owns what and where the money came from.”
Among the investors in the Wen family ventures are longtime business associates, former colleagues and college classmates, including Yu Jianming, who attended Northwestern with Winston Wen, and Zhang Yuhong, a longtime colleague of Wen Jiahong, the prime minister’s younger brother. The associates did not return telephone calls seeking comment.
Revelations about the Wen family’s wealth could weaken him politically.
Next month, at the 18th Party Congress in Beijing, the Communist Party is expected to announce a new generation of leaders. But the selection process has already been marred by one of the worst political scandals in decades, the downfall of Bo Xilai, the Chongqing party boss, who was vying for a top position.
In Beijing, Wen Jiabao is expected to step down as prime minister because he has reached retirement age. Political analysts say that even after leaving office he could remain a strong backstage political force. But documents showing that his relatives amassed a fortune during his tenure could diminish his standing, the analysts said.
“This will affect whatever residual power Wen has,” said Minxin Pei, an expert on Chinese leadership and a professor of government at Claremont McKenna College in California.
The prime minister’s supporters say he has not personally benefited from his extended family’s business dealings, and may not even be knowledgeable about the extent of them.
Last March, the prime minister hinted that he was at least aware of the persistent rumors about his relatives. During a nationally televised news conference in Beijing, he insisted that he had “never pursued personal gain” in public office.
“I have the courage to face the people and to face history,” he said in an emotional session. “There are people who will appreciate what I have done, but there are also people who will criticize me. Ultimately, history will have the final say.”
David Barboza
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