一、什麽是遊記？
遊記，顧名思義，就是記遊。也就是對一次出行、遊覽、參觀……等的記錄。在這裏，遊的含義有多種：遊歷、旅遊、遊玩、遊覽、參觀、訪問、考察等。
遊記是描寫旅行見聞的一種散文形式。遊記的取材範圍極廣，可以描繪名山大川的秀麗瑰奇，可以記錄風土人情的有趣阜盛，可以反映一人一傢的日常生活面貌，也可以記下一國的重大事件，並表達作者的思想感情。文筆輕鬆，描寫生動，記述翔實，給人以豐富的社會知識和美的感覺。遊記有帶議論色彩的，如《嶽陽樓記》、《遊褒禪山記》；有帶科學色彩的，如酈道元的《三峽》；有帶抒情色彩的，如柳宗元的《小石潭記》。
在現當代文學中，遊記被賦予了歷史與人文內涵，其中以翦伯贊的《內蒙訪古》、餘秋雨的《山居筆記》、韓晗的《大國小城》最為代表。
二、遊記的分類
遊記可以分為很多種。以記錄行程為主的是記敘型遊記；以抒發感情為主的是抒情型遊記；以描繪景物、景觀為主的是寫景型遊記；通過記遊來說明一個道理的，是說理型遊記。但是，不論哪一種遊記，都是通過對自然風光、風景名勝、城市景觀、景觀中的人與事進行描繪，來達到記事、抒情、說理等目的。所以寫作遊記時，一定要具備“遊”的記錄，沒有“遊”，也就不會有“遊記”。
三、遊記的寫作方法
不論是哪一種遊記，在寫作時都要要註意以下幾點：
1、遊記中的綫索
有人說，寫文章如同串珠，沒有一根綫索將其中各個要素聯結起來，這篇文章就會支離破碎，或者雜亂無章。寫遊記更是這樣，一定要有一條合理的綫索貫穿其中。這條綫索也可以說是寫作的順序。
遊記中，最常用的寫作順序可能就是行蹤了。即按照遊覽的先後次序來寫。比如一篇參觀動物園的遊記，就可以按照參觀的順序一一記述。此外，還有以景物的組織關係、方位關係等作為記遊的綫索的。我們建議大傢初學寫遊記時，一定要用一定的綫索來組織文章，以求在一開始就養成條理清晰的寫作習慣。
2、遊記中的主體
主體指的事做這件事的人或集體。既然是遊，就一定有遊的主體。在遊記的寫作中，如果缺少了人，就與說明文或寫景散文差不多了。對遊記中主體的點明也有多種不同的方式，可以在一開始就點明，比如在一篇遊記的開始，一位作者就這樣寫道：“今天，我們班的同學在班主任李老師的帶領下參觀了北京大學"，點明遊記的主體是"我們班的同學和李老師”；此外，遊記的主體還可以在寫作過程中自然出場，也可以在文章結尾指出。
3、遊記中的寫景
對景物的描寫也是遊記的一個重要組成部分。人是主體，景是客體。遊記中的寫景，應根據寫作的需要，有選擇、有重點地寫。遊記中的景物描寫最好能夠配合文章的主題。如一位同學寫一篇遊覽長城的文章，就分別着重對長城的古老壯觀與周圍幹淨整潔的景區環境進行了描寫，將景物描寫與文物保護與環境保護的主題緊密地結合了起來。
4、遊記中的地點
在寫遊記時，一定要註意說明遊覽或參觀的地點，比如海洋館、大草原、科技館等。
5、記遊要分清主次
遊記雖然是對遊覽過程的記錄，但卻不是面面俱到的記錄。我曾看到過一位大學生寫的遊記，從早上起床寫起，然後寫怎樣吃早飯、怎樣出門坐車、路上都見到了什麽、發生了什麽……一一寫到，一直到最後怎樣回到了傢裏。一篇遊記，寫了上萬字。卻沒有任何能讓人留下深刻印象的地方。這樣的寫作不是遊記，而是流水帳，是沒有人願意讀下去的。
遊記中，重要的行程、有特色的景觀、對表現文章主體有重要作用的事物等，要重點描寫，其它的則應該一筆帶過，或者幹脆略去不寫。這樣寫出的文章，纔會主次分明，主題突出，玲瓏有緻。
I. What is Travel?
Travels, by definition, travel in mind. That is, on a trip, tour, tour ... ... and other records. Here, the meaning of a variety of travel: travel, tourism, sightseeing, tours, visits, interviews, study tours.
Travel is a prose description of the form of travelogues. Draw on a wide range of travels, you can describe the beauty of great mountains and rivers Guiqi, can record the interesting customs Fu Sheng, can reflect a person's daily life, a look, you can remember the next major event in the country, and expressed the author's thoughts and feelings. Easy writing style, vivid description, detailed account, gives a rich sense of social knowledge and beauty. Travel there with a discussion of color, such as "Yueyang Tower" and "You praise Zen Mountain in mind"; have brought science of color, such as Li Tao Yuan's "Three Gorges"; there with lyrical color, such as Liu's "small sokdam mind" .
In contemporary literature, travel and human history is given meaning, in which Jian Bozan's "Inner Mongolia's visit to Cuba," Yu's "Mountain Home", Han Han's "big country town" is the most representatives.
Second, the classification of Travels
Travel can be divided into different categories. To record the trip is mainly narrative-based travel notes; to express the feelings of the main lyrical type Travels; to describe scenery, paint a portrait of the landscape is mainly based travel notes; tour through the mind to illustrate is that the reasoning based travels. However, no matter what kind of travels are through the natural scenery, scenic, landscape, landscape of people and things to describe, to achieve the notes, emotion, reasoning and other purposes. So writing travelogues, we must have the "Tour" of record, no "You", there would be no "Travels."
Third, the writing method Travels
No matter what kind of travelogue, in writing should note the following points:
1, Travels in the clues
Some people say that writing articles like the beads, not a clue to link up the various elements of which, this article will be broken, or disorganized. Travel writing is that we must have a reasonable clue to run through them. The trail also can be said that the order in writing.
Travels, the most commonly used is probably the order of the whereabouts of the writing. That is in accordance with the visit to write the order. Such as a visit to the zoo's Travels, you can visit the order of 11 according to accounts. In addition, organizational relationship to the scene, bearing in mind the relationship between the travel as a clue. We recommend that all beginners write travelogue, we must use certain clues to organize the article, at the out_set_ in order to develop clarity of the writing habits.
2, Travels in the main
Of the main things that people do this or collective. Since it is a tour, there must be the main tour. In the Travels of writing, if the missing person, with instructions to paint a portrait of the text or prose almost the same. Highlighted in the main body of the Travels are also many different ways, you can start pointing to, for example in the beginning of a travelogue, an authors wrote: "Today, students in our class teacher in Class LI Under the leadership of visits to Peking University ", pointing to the main body travels is" Our classmates and teacher Lee "; In addition, the subject can also be Travels in the process of writing the natural appearance, can also be the end of that article.
3, paint a portrait of Travels
Travels on the scene described is also an important part. Are the main, King is the object. Travels in the scene description, should be based on the needs of writing, there are choices, and focus to write. Travels in the scenery description best able to cope with the subject of the article. If a student write an article, visit the Great Wall, were focused on the ancient Great Wall and the surrounding clean and tidy spectacular scenic environment of the description, the scene of the description and the theme of heritage preservation and environmental protection combines closely.
4, Travels in place
Travels in writing, be sure to pay attention to the location description tour or visit, such as aquarium, prairie, science and technology museum.
5 to prioritization of Travel
Travel is a tour though the process of recording, but not exhaustive records. I have seen students write a travelogue, starting from the morning to get up to write, then write what to eat breakfast, how to go by car, all the way to see what happened ... ... 11, wrote what has been back to the last to the home. A travelogue, written thousands of words. Anything that people are not impressed with the place. Travel writing is not so, but a running account, there is no one wants to read on the.
Travel Notes, an important trip, a unique landscape, the article on the subject have an important role in the performance of things and so on, to focus on description, others should be a passing, or simply spent not writing. Write this article, will prioritize, a prominent theme, exquisite that cause.
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