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赋，中国古典文学的一种重要文体，虽然对于现代人来说，其远不及诗词、散文、小说那样脍炙人口。但在古代，特别在汉唐时诗与赋往往并举连称，从曹丕的“诗赋欲丽”和陆机的“诗缘情而绮靡，赋体物而浏亮”可窥端倪。
那么，何为赋呢？赋萌生于战国，兴盛于汉唐，衰于宋元明清。在汉唐时期，有只作赋而不写诗的文人，却几乎没有只作诗而不写赋的才子。建安以后乃至整个六朝时期，对赋的推崇甚至于诗。《史记》中称屈原的作品为赋，《汉书》也称屈原等人的作品为赋。后人因推尊《史》、《汉》，所以便把屈原等人作品称为之赋。
“赋”字用为文体的第一人应推司马迁。在汉文帝时“诗”已设立博士，成为经学。在这种背景下，称屈原的作品为诗是极不合适的。但屈原的作品又往往只可诵读而不能歌唱，若用“歌”称也名不正言不顺。于是，司马迁就选择“辞”与“赋”这两个名称。不过，他还是倾向于把屈原的作品以“辞”来命名，这是由于屈原的作品富于文采之故。而把宋玉、唐勒、景差等人作品称为“赋”。真 正把自己作品称为赋的作家第一人是司马相如。而后，到西汉末年，文人们就常以“赋”名篇自己的作品了。
赋是介于诗、文之间的边缘文体。在两者之间，赋又更近于诗体。从汉至唐初这段时期，赋近于诗而远于文，从主题上看，楚辞体作品主题较为单一，多为“悲士不遇”。而其形式也比较固定，都是仿效屈原作品体式，象屈原那样书写自己的不幸与愁思。 屈原的《招魂》全篇的铺张夸饰，对汉大赋的影响不言而喻。赋自诞生之日便 带有浓厚的文人气息，这就是受楚辞影响极深的原因。骚体赋，多采用楚辞的“香草美人”的比兴手法，也常继用了楚辞的“引类譬喻” 手法。
赋与诗的盘根错节，互相影响从“赋”字的形成就已开始。到了魏晋南北朝时，更出现了诗、赋合流的现象。但诗与赋必竟是两种文体，一般来说，诗大多为情而造文，而赋却常常为文而造情。诗以抒发情感为重，赋则以叙事状物为主。清人刘熙载说：“赋别于诗者，诗辞情少而声情多，赋声情少而辞情多。”
汉赋的体式上大致有三种，即骚体赋、四言诗体赋和散体赋（或称大赋）。。从赋的结构、语言方面看，散体、七体、设论体、及唐代文体赋又都比较接近于散文，有的完全可归于散文的范畴。赋的似诗似文的特征，与现代文学中的散文诗有些相像。 它主要有三个特点：一、语句上以四、六字句为主，并追求骈偶；二、语音上要求声律谐协；三、文辞上讲究藻饰和用典。 排偶和藻饰是汉赋的一大特征。
骈文受赋的影响很大，骈比起于东汉，成熟于南北朝。在文章中广泛用赋的骈比形式，是汉代文人的常习。以至于有些以赋名篇的文章都被人视作骈文。象南朝刘宋的鲍照的《芜城赋》、谢惠连的《雪赋》及谢庄的《月赋》等。
也叫辞,或辞赋并称。
Fu, Chinese classical literature as an important style, although for modern man, its nowhere near as poetry, prose, fiction so popular. But in ancient times, particularly when in the Han and Tang poetry and often simultaneously with, said Fu, from Cao Pi's "Elegance seeking" and Lu's "Lyric Poetry Profusion, Fu style thing and visit the light" can peep clues.
So, what do fu? Fu initiation in the Warring States Period, flourished in the Han and Tang Dynasties, declined in the Yuan, Ming and Qing. In the Han and Tang period, not only for fu poetry of writers, but almost did not only write poetry but not Fu wit. After the Six Dynasties period and the whole Jian, Fu respected even on the poem. "Historical Records", said Fu Qu Yuan's works as "Han" also known as Qu Yuan, who works for the Fu. Later generations because of Praise "history", "Han", so they Qu Yuan, who works as the Fu.
Fu is a range of poetry, prose style between the edge. Between the two, enabling it more nearly poetic. From the Han to early Tang period, Fu and much closer to poetry in the text, from the subject point of view, Chu body themes are more single, more as a "sad Shibuyu." Its form is relatively fixed, is to follow style Qu Yuan, Qu Yuan so as to write their own misfortune and Grief. Qu Yuan's "Evocation" all articles of the extravagant hyperbole, the influence of the Han Dynasty goes without saying. Since the birth will be endowed with a strong literary flavor, which is deeply affected by Chu reasons. Sao type, multi-use Chu's "Vanilla Beauty" of metaphor, often following the use of Chu's "drawing class analogy" approach.
Fu and poetry intertwined, affecting each other from the "Fu" character formation began. To Wei, the more there poems and songs in the phenomenon of convergence. It was, however, two kinds of poetry and Fu style, in general, mostly love poems creating words, and Fu are often made for the text of the situation. Poetry to express their emotions as the most important, the main Web results for Fu Ze Yi narrative. Qing Liu Xizai said: "Fu different from poetry, poetic speech and sound and feeling less love and more, enabling speech sound and feeling less and love more."
Han's style in general there are three, namely, Sao Fu, Fu and Four Poems in Prose Style (or Fu). . Fu's structure from the language side, loose, seven bodies, based on the body, and the Tang Dynasty style they are relatively close to the prose Fu, and some entirely attributable to the prose category. Fu's poems seem like the characteristics of the text, and modern literature in the prose poem some resemblance. It has three main features: 1, the statement on a four-, six-words-based, and the pursuit of parallelism; second harmonic sound voice on demands Association; 3, diction and the use of embellishments on the stress code. Parallelism and embellishments are a major feature of Han.
Parallel effects conferred by the large parallel than in the Eastern Han Dynasty and matured in the Northern and Southern. Widely used in the article side by side Fu form, is the regular practice of Han literati. So some in Ci and articles are being treated as Parallel. Liu Song Southern as of Bao Zhao's "Desolate City Fu", Xie Hui with the "Snow Fu" and Chuang Tse's "Fu on" and so on.
Also known as speech or prose saying.
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