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賦，中國古典文學的一種重要文，雖然對於現代人來說，其遠不及詩詞、散文、小說那樣膾炙人口。但在古代，特在漢唐時詩與賦往往舉連稱，從曹丕的“詩賦欲麗”和陸機的“詩緣情而綺靡，賦物而瀏亮”可窺端倪。
那麽，何為賦呢？賦萌生於戰國，興盛於漢唐，衰於宋元明清。在漢唐時期，有作賦而不寫詩的文人，卻幾乎沒有作詩而不寫賦的才子。建安以乃至整個六朝時期，對賦的推崇甚至於詩。《史記》中稱屈原的作品為賦，《漢書》也稱屈原等人的作品為賦。人因推尊《史》、《漢》，所以便把屈原等人作品稱為之賦。
“賦”字用為文的第一人應推司馬遷。在漢文帝時“詩”已設立博士，成為經學。在這背景下，稱屈原的作品為詩是極不適的。但屈原的作品又往往可誦讀而不能歌唱，若用“歌”稱也名不正言不順。於是，司馬遷就選擇“辭”與“賦”這兩個名稱。不過，他還是傾於把屈原的作品以“辭”來命名，這是由於屈原的作品富於文之故。而把宋玉、唐勒、景差等人作品稱為“賦”。真 正把自己作品稱為賦的作第一人是司馬相如。而，到西漢末年，文人們就常以“賦”名篇自己的作品。
賦是介於詩、文之間的邊緣文。在兩者之間，賦又更近於詩。從漢至唐初這段時期，賦近於詩而遠於文，從主題上看，楚辭作品主題較為單一，多為“悲士不遇”。而其形式也比較固定，都是仿效屈原作品式，象屈原那樣書寫自己的不幸與愁思。 屈原的《招魂》全篇的鋪張誇飾，對漢大賦的影響不言而喻。賦自誕生之日便 帶有濃厚的文人氣息，這就是受楚辭影響極深的原因。騷賦，多用楚辭的“香草美人”的比興手法，也常繼用楚辭的“引類譬喻” 手法。
賦與詩的盤根錯節，互相影響從“賦”字的形成就已開始。到魏晉南北朝時，更出現詩、賦流的現象。但詩與賦必竟是兩文，一般來說，詩大多為情而造文，而賦卻常常為文而造情。詩以抒情感為重，賦則以敘事狀物為主。清人劉熙載說：“賦於詩者，詩辭情少而聲情多，賦聲情少而辭情多。”
漢賦的式上大致有三，即騷賦、四言詩賦和散賦（或稱大賦）。。從賦的結構、語言方面看，散、七、設論、及唐代文賦又都比較接近於散文，有的完全可歸於散文的疇。賦的似詩似文的特，與現代文學中的散文詩有些相像。 它主要有三個特點：一、語句上以四、六字句為主，追求駢偶；二、語音上要求聲律諧協；三、文辭上講究藻飾和用典。 排偶和藻飾是漢賦的一大特。
駢文受賦的影響很大，駢比起於東漢，成熟於南北朝。在文章中泛用賦的駢比形式，是漢代文人的常習。以至於有些以賦名篇的文章都被人視作駢文。象南朝劉宋的鮑照的《蕪城賦》、謝惠連的《雪賦》及謝莊的《月賦》等。
也叫辭,或辭賦稱。
Fu, Chinese classical literature as an important style, although for modern man, its nowhere near as poetry, prose, fiction so popular. But in ancient times, particularly when in the Han and Tang poetry and often simultaneously with, said Fu, from Cao Pi's "Elegance seeking" and Lu's "Lyric Poetry Profusion, Fu style thing and visit the light" can peep clues.
So, what do fu? Fu initiation in the Warring States Period, flourished in the Han and Tang Dynasties, declined in the Yuan, Ming and Qing. In the Han and Tang period, not only for fu poetry of writers, but almost did not only write poetry but not Fu wit. After the Six Dynasties period and the whole Jian, Fu respected even on the poem. "Historical Records", said Fu Qu Yuan's works as "Han" also known as Qu Yuan, who works for the Fu. Later generations because of Praise "history", "Han", so they Qu Yuan, who works as the Fu.
Fu is a range of poetry, prose style between the edge. Between the two, enabling it more nearly poetic. From the Han to early Tang period, Fu and much closer to poetry in the text, from the subject point of view, Chu body themes are more single, more as a "sad Shibuyu." Its form is relatively fixed, is to follow style Qu Yuan, Qu Yuan so as to write their own misfortune and Grief. Qu Yuan's "Evocation" all articles of the extravagant hyperbole, the influence of the Han Dynasty goes without saying. Since the birth will be endowed with a strong literary flavor, which is deeply affected by Chu reasons. Sao type, multi-use Chu's "Vanilla Beauty" of metaphor, often following the use of Chu's "drawing class analogy" approach.
Fu and poetry intertwined, affecting each other from the "Fu" character formation began. To Wei, the more there poems and songs in the phenomenon of convergence. It was, however, two kinds of poetry and Fu style, in general, mostly love poems creating words, and Fu are often made for the text of the situation. Poetry to express their emotions as the most important, the main Web results for Fu Ze Yi narrative. Qing Liu Xizai said: "Fu different from poetry, poetic speech and sound and feeling less love and more, enabling speech sound and feeling less and love more."
Han's style in general there are three, namely, Sao Fu, Fu and Four Poems in Prose Style (or Fu). . Fu's structure from the language side, loose, seven bodies, based on the body, and the Tang Dynasty style they are relatively close to the prose Fu, and some entirely attributable to the prose category. Fu's poems seem like the characteristics of the text, and modern literature in the prose poem some resemblance. It has three main features: 1, the statement on a four-, six-words-based, and the pursuit of parallelism; second harmonic sound voice on demands Association; 3, diction and the use of embellishments on the stress code. Parallelism and embellishments are a major feature of Han.
Parallel effects conferred by the large parallel than in the Eastern Han Dynasty and matured in the Northern and Southern. Widely used in the article side by side Fu form, is the regular practice of Han literati. So some in Ci and articles are being treated as Parallel. Liu Song Southern as of Bao Zhao's "Desolate City Fu", Xie Hui with the "Snow Fu" and Chuang Tse's "Fu on" and so on.
Also known as speech or prose saying.
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