唐代 姚合 Yao Ge  唐代   (775~846)
和东都令狐留守相公(一作奉寄东都留守令狐相公) And the East are Linghu Stay behind for garrison or liaison duty Dear husband to send it East have a Stay behind for garrison or liaison duty Linghu Xianggongzhuang
和高谏议蒙兼宾客时入翰苑 And high-Jian Yi Meng and Guest Time into the John Townhouse
和卢给事酬裴员外 And Lu Pei paid to do ministry councillor
和裴结端公早朝(一作和郭端公早朝) And Pei Results End public Levee One for and Guo End public levee
和门下李相饯西蜀相公 and A hanger-on of an aristocrat Phase preserves Western Shu Xiang Gong Li
和座主相公西亭秋日即事 And the seat main xianggongzhuang West pavilion Autumn That is something
和秘书崔少监春日游青龙寺僧院
和李绅助教不赴看花 and Li shen Tutor Do not go See the flowers
和李十二舍人冬至日 And Li Troubadour Scheeren winter solstice
和裴令公新成绿野堂即事 And PEI that the public Neoformation Church is something green
和厉玄侍御题户部李相公庐山西林草堂 And li black Shi yu inscribe The board of revenue and population Li Xiang Gong Lushan mountain Xilin thatched cottage
和郑相演杨尚书蜀中唱和诗 And Chung Sang-speech Yang shangshu Xiu to sing to compose verses to match those by others (as a literary exercise)
和户部侍郎省中晚归 and The board of revenue and population Assistant minister Province Coming home
和元八郎中秋居 And dollars Physician trained in herb medicine Fall Home
和李十二舍人、裴四二舍人两阁老酬白少傅见寄 And Li Troubadour Scheeren Scheeren 2 Pei April 2 Gelao Send paid Baishao Fu See
和刘禹锡主客冬初拜表怀上都故人 and Liu yuxi The guest of honour Early Winter To present a report, petition, etc. to the emperor Both pregnant decedent
和太仆田卿酬殷尧藩侍御见寄 Hetaipu Tian qing Fulfil yan yaofan Shi Yu See Send
和膳部李郎中秋夕 And Kashiwade Lee Physician trained in herb medicine Qiu Xi
和前吏部韩侍郎夜泛南溪 And former Ministry of official personal affairs in feudal china (former) Chinese state Assistant minister Night Pan South Stream
和王郎中题华州李中丞厅 And Wang Physician trained in herb medicine Washington State title Li zhong Cheng Hall
和厉玄侍御、无可上人会宿见寄 And li Xuan Shi Yu Mo ke Buddhist monk Council places See Send
和令狐六员外直夜即事寄上相公 and Linghu hexad Ministry councillor Something that is sent straight night Photograph well fair
答孟侍御早朝见寄 A Meng Shi yu levee See Send
和友人新居园上 And friend New home Park on
多首一页
古诗 ancient style poetry
闲居

姚合


  不自识疏鄙,终年住在城。
  过门无马迹,满宅是蝉声。
  带病吟虽苦,休官梦已清。
  何当学禅观,依止古先生。

【赏析】   姚合极称赏王维的诗,特别追求王诗中的一种“静趣”,此诗就反映了这个倾向。
  
    首两句:“不自识疏鄙,终年住在城。”姚合自称“野性多疏惰”(《闲居遣怀》其八)。一个性格疏懒,习于野性的人,认为不适宜为官临民,这在旁观者看是很清楚的。而自己偏不了解这点,终年住在城里,丝竹乱耳,案牍劳形,求静不得,求闲不能,皆由于自己的“不自识”。本不乐于城市,今终年住在城里,总得自己寻个譬解。古人说,大隐隐于市,因此认为在城市亦算是隐居。“县去帝城远,为官与隐齐。”(《武功县诗》)自己作这样一番解释,是明心迹,也见心安理得了。这儿写身处县城,却透露了心地的静趣。
  
    景况也确是这样:“过门无马迹,满宅是蝉声。”这第二联写的正是适应自己疏鄙之性的境地,从首二句一气贯注而来。没有马迹过门,就是表明来访者稀少,为官很清闲。蝉声聒噪,充满庭院,是因无人惊扰,反觉闹中处静;写的满耳声音,却从声音中暗透一个“静”字。上句写出清闲,下句写出清静。正是于有声处见无声,反感静意笼罩。
  
    在这清闲、清静的城中一隅,诗人是“带病吟虽苦,休官梦已清”。这第三联从“病”写性情。病,带点小病,旧时往往成为士大夫的风雅事;病而不废吟咏,更显得闲情雅致。现今“休官”,连小小的职务也不担任之后,真是梦境也感到很清闲,很清静了。写来步步幽深,益见静境。唐人由于受佛家思想影响,有所谓更高一层的境界,就是把生活逃遁于“禅”,所以第四联作者自问:“何当学禅观,依止古先生?”何时能摒除一切萦心的俗务,求古先生(指佛)学这种禅观呢?观,即观照。妄念既除、则心自朗然无所不照。这样的境界,就是禅观(即禅理、禅道),是清闲、清静的更高一境。借禅理说心境,表现了诗人对当时吏治腐败、社会黑暗的鄙视厌恶之情,成功地描摹了作者所追求的艺术上静趣的境界。
  
    姚合是写五律的能手。他刻意苦吟,层层写来,一气贯注;诗句平淡文雅,朴直中寓工巧,而又畅晓自然,所以为佳。
  
    (施绍文)



【北美枫文集】

【资料来源】 卷498_6


发表评论