唐代 苏颋 Su Ting  唐代  
郊廟歌辭·祭汾陰樂章·壽和 Suburban Lyrics Ji fen yin movement Life and
郊廟歌辭·享竜池樂章·第七章
雜麯歌辭·長相思 Potpourri Songs long lovesickness
雜麯歌辭·桃花行
奉和聖製行次成臯途經先聖擒建德之所感而成詩應製 Feng and Saint-system via line plays Cheng Gao The teacher of teachers Jiande of capture One's impression about something Becomes poetry write poem according to the emperor's order
奉和聖製登蒲州逍遙樓應製 Feng and Saint-system Teng puzhou happy building write poem according to the emperor's order
奉和聖製過晉陽宮應製 Feng and System over Jinyang Palace St. write poem according to the emperor's order
奉和姚令公溫湯舊館永懷故人盧公之作
和杜主簿春日有所思 and Du main book Spring have one's thoughts
餞郢州李使君 Jianyingzhouli honorific fitle of civil governor of a province in ancient China
餞唐州高使君赴任 Jiantangzhougao honorific fitle of civil governor of a province in ancient China go to take one's post
曉濟膠川南入密界
夜發三泉即事 Three Springs that night made things
小園納涼即事 Small garden garden Enjoy the cool in the open air That is something
昆明池晏坐答王兵部珣三韻見示 Kunming cistern Wang Yan sit Answer Department of war in feudal china Xunsanyunxian show
奉和聖製春臺望應製 Feng and Saint-system Chun tai wang write poem according to the emperor's order
長相思 long lovesickness
蜀城哭臺州樂安少府 Shu city cry Taizhou Le Ann shaofu,officer's title in Tang dynasty
立春日侍宴內出剪彩花應製 Establish spring Dinner in a paternity Cut the ribbon flower write poem according to the emperor's order
春日芙蓉園侍宴應製 Spring Lotus rong garden Shi Yan write poem according to the emperor's order
奉和聖製人日清暉閣宴群臣遇雪應製 Feng and System of man-days Ching Fai House St Feast ministers Case of snow write poem according to the emperor's order
奉和七夕宴兩儀殿應製
奉和九日幸臨渭亭登高應製得時字 Feng and the ninth day of the ninth noon, a festival on the lunar calendar xinglinweiting Ascend Write poem according to the emperor's order To be in luck word
遊禁苑幸臨渭亭遇雪應製 swim Ban townhouse Xinglinweiting Case of snow write poem according to the emperor's order
多首一頁
古詩 ancient style poetry
奉和春日幸望春宮應製

苏颋


  東望望春春可憐,更逢晴日柳含煙。
  宮中下見南山盡,城上平臨北斗懸。
  細草遍承回輦處,輕花微落奉觴前。
  宸遊對此歡無極,鳥哢聲聲入管弦。

【賞析】   這是一首奉和應製詩,是臣下奉命應和皇帝陛下首唱之作。這類詩的思想內容大抵是歌功頌德,粉飾太平,幾無可取。但是要寫得冠冕華貴,雍容典麗,得體而不作寒乞相,縝密而有詩趣,卻也不大容易。
  
    原唱題曰“春日幸望春宮”。皇帝駕臨其處叫作“幸”。“望春宮”是唐代京城長安郊外的行宮,有南、北兩處,此指南望春宮,在東郊萬年縣(今陝西長安東),南對終南山。這詩便是歌詠皇帝春遊望春宮,頌聖德,美升平。它緊扣主題,構思精巧,堂皇得體,頗費工夫,也見出詩人的才能技巧。
  
    首聯點出“春日幸望春宮”。“望望”、“春春”,不連而疊,音節響亮。“東望望春”,既說“嚮東眺望望春宮”,又謂“嚮東眺望,望見春光”,一詞兼語,語意雙關。而春光可愛,打動聖上遊興,接着便說更逢天氣晴朗,春色含情,恰好出遊,如合聖意。這一開頭,點題破題,便顯出詩人的才思和技巧。
  
    次聯寫望春宮所見。從望春宮南望,終南山盡在眼前;而回望長安城,皇都與北斗相應展現。這似乎在寫即日實景,很有氣派。但造意鑄詞中,有實有虛,巧用典故,旨在祝頌,卻顯而不露。“南山”、“北斗”,詞意雙關。“南山”用《詩經·小雅·天保》:“如南山之壽,不騫不崩。”原意即謂祝禱國傢“基業長久,且又堅固,不騫虧,不崩壞。”此寫終南山,兼用《天保》語意,以寓祝禱。“北斗”用《三輔黃圖》所載,漢長安城,“南為南鬥形,北為北斗形”,故有“鬥城”之稱。長安北城即皇城,故“北斗”實則皇帝所居紫禁城。“晴日”是看不見北斗星的。此言“北斗懸”,是實指皇城,虛擬天象,意在歌頌,而運詞巧妙。
  
    三聯寫望春宮中飲宴歌舞,承恩祝酒。詩人隨從皇帝入宮飲宴,觀賞歌舞,自須感恩戴德,獻杯祝頌。倘使直白寫出,便有寒乞氣。因此詩人巧妙地就“望春”做文章,用花草作比喻,既切題,又得體。“回輦處”即謂進望春宮,“奉觴前”是說飲宴和祝酒。“細草”顯然自比,見得清微;“飛花”則喻歌姬舞女,顯出花容嬌姿;而“偏承”點出“獨蒙恩遇”之意,“故落”點明“故意求寵”之態。細草以清德獨承,飛花恃美色故落,臣、姬有別,德、色殊遇,以見自重,以頌聖明。其取喻用詞,各有分寸,生動妥貼,不乞不諛,而又渲染出一派君臣歡宴的遊春氣氛。所以末聯便以明確的歌頌結束。“宸遊”即謂天遊,指皇帝此次春遊。君臣同樂,聖心歡喜無比,人間萬物歡唱,天下歌舞升平。
  
    這是一首盛世的歌功頌德之作,多少見出一些開明政治的氣氛,情調比較自然歡暢,語言典麗而明快。雖然浮華誇張的粉飾不多,但思想內容也實無可取。並且由於是奉和應製之作,拘於君臣名分,終究不免感恩承歡,因此詩人的才能技巧,主要用於追求藝術形式的精美得當,實質上這是一首精巧的形式主義作品。不過,唐詩有此一種,不妨一讀,以賞奇,以廣見。
  
    (倪其心)



【北美枫文集】柳樹

【資料來源】 73_45


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