yuèdòuā lán · luó bó · gé lì yé Alain Robbe-Grilletzài小说之家dezuòpǐn!!! | |||
1922 nián 8 yuè 18 rì
shēng yú fǎ guó bù léi sī tè。 fù qīn jiā sī dōng · luó bó héng gé lǐ yé shì xiǎo xué jiào shī zhī zǐ， céng jiù dú yú kè lǚ ní de gōng yì měi shù xué xiào， hòu yǔ rén hé bàn liǎo yī jiā xiǎo xíng zhǐ bǎn chǎng。 mǔ qīn yī féng nà · kǎ nǔ shì yī gè hǎi jūn shì guān de nǚ 'ér。
1928 héng héng 1933 jiù dú yú bā lí shí sì qū bù lā 'ěr jiē de shì zhèn xiǎo xué， yǔ fù mǔ hé jiě jiě 'ān nà héng lì cí jū zhù yú tóng yī qū de jiā sāng dí dà jiē。
1933 héng héng 1939 jiù dú yú bā lí bù fēng zhōng xué zhí zhì gāo 'èr。
1939 héng héng 1940 zài bù léi sī tè xué xí jī chǔ shù xué。 6 yuè， tōng guò zhōng xué bì yè dì 'èr chǎng huì kǎo。
1940 héng héng 1942 zài bā lí shèng · lù yì zhōng xué jiù dú nóng yì xué yù kē。
1942 héng héng 1945 zài guó lì nóng yì xué yuàn gōng dú nóng yì shī xué wèi。
1943 nián 7 yuè zhì 1944 nián 8 yuè zuò wéi xuàn gōng zài niǔ lún bǎo bào shì tǎn kè gōng chǎng shòu qiáng zhì láo dòng， jié shí kè luò dé · ào lǐ 'āi hé bèi 'ěr nà · dù fú。
1945 héng héng 1948 rèn guó lì tǒng jì yǔ jīng jì xué yuàn tè pài yuán， cānyù yóu 'ā 'ěr fú léi dé · suǒ wéi chuàng bàn de《 hángqíng yǔ fēn xī》 zá zhì de gōng zuò。
1947 nián 8 yuè zuò wéi guó jì chóngjiàn lǚ de zhì yuàn zhě， zài bǎo jiā lì yà cān jiā xiū jiàn pèi 'ěr ní kè zhì wò lǔ yī kè de tiě lù。
1949 lí kāi guó lì tǒng jì yǔ jīng jì xué yuàn， kāi shǐ cóng shì xiě zuò。 yǐn jū zài sài nà héng mǎ 'ēn dì qū bù wǎ héng bù dé lǎng de yī jiā rén gōng shòu jīng yǔ hé 'ěr méng yán jiū zhōng xīn， zhì zuò shòu yān cí shǔ yīn dào zǔ zhì de tú piàn。 gōng zuò jiànxì， zài yī fú hé lán gōng niú de xì pǔ shù shì yì tú bèi miàn xiě zuò《 shì jūn zhě》。 shǒu gǎo hòu lái jiāo dào gā lì mǎ chū bǎn shè， dàn bèi tuì huí。 bù guò gǎo zǐ shòu dào liǎo ràng · bō lǎng de zhù yì， yóu duō mǐ ní kè · ào lì jiāng qí zhuǎn dào dāng shí rèn wǔ yè chū bǎn shè gù wèn de qiáo zhì · lǎng bù lǐ qí shǒu zhōng。
1950 héng héng 1951 zài “ zhí mín dì shuǐ guǒ hé gān jié lèi yán jiū suǒ ” rèn nóng yì shī。 dào guò mó luò gē、 jǐ nèi yà、 guā tè lú pǔ hé mǎ tí ní kè。 1950 nián， yóu yú jiàn kāng yuán yīn bèi pò cóng 'ān de liè sī qún dǎo fǎn huí fǎ guó， zài huí guó de chuán shàng kāi shǐ chuàng zuò《 xiàng pí》， huí guó hòu cí qù gōng zuò yǐ wán chéng xiǎo shuō chuàng zuò。
1952 jiāng《 xiàng pí》 de shǒu gǎo dài gěi lǎng bù lǐ qí。 jí shòu zàn shǎng， shǒu gǎo zhuǎn gěi liǎo wǔ yè chū bǎn shè shè cháng rè luó mǔ · lán dōng。 zài yǐ jí dà de rè qíng yuè dú wán shū gǎo hòu， lán dōng yuē jiàn liǎo luó bó héng gé lǐ yé， bìng xiàng tā tí chū liǎo qiān dìng chū bǎn hé tóng de jiàn yì， tā men zhī jiān de yǒu yì zì cǐ kāi shǐ。 dì yī bù fēn zhù shì dēng zài《 pī píng》 zá zhì shàng。 yóu yú ràng · pí yé 'ěr de bāng zhù， jìn rù nóng yè huì cháng wù lǐ shì dà huì gōng zuò。
1953《 xiàng pí》 yóu wǔ yè chū bǎn shè chū bǎn， fǎn yìng pǔ biàn píng dàn。 xīn wén jiè biǎo xiàn chū dí shì tài dù huò zhě bǎo chí chén mò。 rán 'ér luó lán · bā tè hé ràng · kǎi luò 'ěr zé biǎo shì chū liǎo xīng qù。 luó bó héng gé lǐ yé shī qù tā zài nóng yè huì de zhí wèi。
19551 yuè 1 rì qǐ chéng wéi wǔ yè chū bǎn shè de shěn dú yuán。 chū bǎn《 kuī shì zhě》， yìn xíng de yī wàn cè zhí dào 1957 nián cái shòu wán。 yóu yú bā tǎ yé、 bō lǎng hé bù lǎng xiào de tuī jiàn， zuò pǐn huò pī píng jiā jiǎng。 zhè cì píng jiǎng yǐn fā liǎo yīcháng zhù míng de zhēng chǎo： jiā bù lǐ 'āi 'ěr · mǎ sài 'ěr dà fā léi tíng； hēng lì · kè luò 'ā nù chōng chōng cí qù píng wěi yī zhí； āi mǐ 'ěr · áng lǐ 'ào wēi xié luó bó héng gé lǐ yé yào chá jìn zuò pǐn， bìng zài《 shì jiè bào》 shàng shēng chēng gāi shū gèng yīnggāi jiāo gěi qīng zuì fǎ tíng 'ér bù shì gěi wén xué jiǎng de píng wěi huì； ér luó lán · bā tè hé bù lǎng xiào zé fēn bié zài《 wén xué pī píng》 hé《 xīn fǎ lán xī zá zhì》 shàng zhuàn wén zàn yáng gāi shū， jiā miù hé bù lè dōng yě xiàng huò dé dài 'ěr · dù gā jī jīn huì zī zhù de luó bó héng gé lǐ yé biǎo shì liǎo gǔ lì，《 kuài bào》 zé wèitā kāipì zhuān lán， yǐ“ jīn tiān de wén xué” wéi tí kān dēng liǎo tā de jiǔ piān wén zhāng。 zhè xiē fā biǎo yú 1955 nián 10 yuè zhì 1956 nián 2 yuè de wén zhāng xiān shì zuò wéi xì liè xuān yán zhuǎnzǎi yú《 xīn fǎ lán xī zá zhì》， hòu lái yòu yǐ《 wèile yī zhǒng xīn xiǎo shuō》 wéi tí huì jí chéng cè。 dāng nián shèng xià， luó bó héng gé lǐ yé jié shí liǎo bù lǔ sī · mò lǐ sài tè， yóu yú hòu zhě de tuī jiè， tā zài 60 nián dài de yī xiē měi guó dà xué lǐ chéng liǎo yī gè shí máo de huà tí。
1957《 jí dù》 yóu wǔ yè chū bǎn shè chū bǎn， dì yī nián zhǐ mài chū liǎo 746 cè。 cǐ qián bù jiǔ luó bó héng gé lǐ yé chéng liǎo lán dōng de wén xué gù wèn， yǔ kǎ tè lín nà · hè sī tǎ jì 'áng jié hūn， tā men xiāng shí yú 1951 nián xià tiān yī cì wéi dà xué shēng zǔ zhì de tǔ 'ěr qí zhī lǚ。
1959《 zài mí gōng lǐ》 yóu wǔ yè chū bǎn shè chū bǎn。 zhè bù xiǎo shuō dì yī cì dé dào liǎo zhù yào bào kān lüè dài hǎo gǎn de fēn xī píng lùn。 xiāng fǎn， luó lán · bā tè pī píng tā shǐ yòng liǎo tài duō de xíng róng cí lái xíng róng bái xuě。
1960 zài“ 121 rén xuān yán” shàng qiān míng。 shí zhí duì qiān míng zhě de pò hài yù yǎn yù liè zhī jì（ wǔ yè chū bǎn shè hòu lái shèn zhì bèi rén 'ān fàng liǎo yī méi zhà dàn）， mǎ 'ěr luó xiàng luó bó héng gé lǐ yé biǎo shì liǎo bàn guān fāng de zhī chí， yǔn xǔ tā yī gè yuè zhī hòu huò dé liǎo zhí dǎo qí dì yī bù yǐngpiān suǒ bì xū de yù zhī kuǎn。
1961 zài yǐngpiān《 qù nián zài mǎ lǐ 'ān bā dé》 de jiǎo běn hé duì bái jī chǔ shàng kāi shǐ zhuàn xiě tóng míng diàn yǐng xiǎo shuō， yóu 'ā lún · léi nǎi zhí dǎo de gāi piàn zài mù ní hēi wài jǐng dì pāi shè。 zài yī cì xiǎo fàn wéi kàn piàn shí， bù lè dōng fǎn yìng qiáng liè， rèn wéi yǐngpiān zài shǔ yú tā de chāo xiàn shí zhù yì lǐng dì fàn liǎo dòu jūn zhī zuì。 gāi piàn bèi wēi ní sī diàn yǐng jié xuǎn zuò fǎ guó dài biǎo piàn， mùdì zài yú cháo nòng fǎ guó dāng jú， yīn wéi tā gāng gāng jìn yǎn liǎo yóu yì dà lì rén pāi shè de duì 'ā 'ěr jí lì yà zhàn zhēng biǎo shì chū dí yì de《 nǐ jué bù huì shā rén》。 jīng guò píng wěi huì yī gè xīng qī jī liè de zhēng lùn hòu，《 qù nián zài mǎ lǐ 'ān bā dé》 huò dé liǎo jīn shī jiǎng， fēng xíng yī shí。 jìn guǎn yī xiē rén zài bèi hòu jiāng qí xì chēng zuò“ mǎ lǐ 'ān bā hú zǐ”， yǐngpiān hái shì lì kè yíng dé liǎo suǒ yòu bào kān de cháng piān píng jiè wén zhāng， qí zhōng bù jǐn yòu《 shì jiè bào》， ér qiě yě bāo kuò《 fèi jiā luó bào》、《 bā lí jìng sài huà bào》 hé《 nǚ shì kuài bào》， děng děng。 yǔ zhè xiē bào kān xiāng fǎn，《 xiàn dài》 zá zhì duì yǐngpiān jìn xíng liǎo měng liè gōng jī， ér sà tè zé zài yī cì xiǎo fàn wéi kàn piàn shí xiàng luó bó héng gé lǐ yé biǎo shì liǎo wán quán de zhī chí。 tóng míng diàn yǐng xiǎo shuō yóu wǔ yè chū bǎn shè chū bǎn（ 1961）。
1962 wéi yī de duǎn piān xiǎo shuō jí《 kuài zhào jí》 yóu wǔ yè chū bǎn shè chū bǎn。
1963《 wèile yī zhǒng xīn xiǎo shuō》 yóu wǔ yè chū bǎn shè chū bǎn。 luó bó héng gé lǐ yé zhí dǎo de dì yī bù yǐngpiān《 bù xiǔ de nǚ rén》 shàng yìng。 gāi piàn zài yī sī tǎn bù 'ěr wài jǐng dì pāi shè， huò lù yì · dé lǚ kè jiǎng， dàn zài shāng yè shàng zāo dào shī bài。 tóng míng diàn yǐng xiǎo shuō dāng nián yóu wǔ yè chū bǎn shè chū bǎn。
1965《 yōu huì de fáng zǐ》 yóu wǔ yè chū bǎn shè chū bǎn。
1966 zhí dǎo《 héng kuà 'ōu zhōu de kuài chē》。 gāi piàn zài bā lí hé 'áng wéi 'ěr wài jǐng dì pāi shè。 méi yòu huò jiǎng dàn qǔ dé liǎo jù dà chéng gōng。
1968 zhí dǎo《 shuō huǎng de rén》， gāi piàn zài sī luò fá kè shàng tǎ tè lā sī shān qū pāi shè， 1969 nián huò bólín diàn yǐng jié biān jù jiǎng， dàn zài shāng yè shàng zāo dào shī bài。
70 nián dài zài měi guó de jǐ suǒ zhù míng dà xué rèn fǎng wèn jiào shòu。
1970《 niǔ yuē gé mìng jìhuà》 yóu wǔ yè chū bǎn shè chū bǎn。 bā tè chēng zàn tā jù yòu lāi bù ní cí shì de wán měi dàn yòu biàn huàn bù dìng。
1971 yǐngpiān《 yī diàn yuán jí qí hòu》 shàng yìng， 1969 nián pāi shè yú bù lā dí sī lā wǎ hé dé yé bā。《 shàonǚ zhī mèng》 yóu lā fēng chū bǎn shè chū bǎn， pèi yòu dà wèi · hàn mì 'ěr dùn de shè yǐng zuò pǐn。
1972《 hàn mì 'ěr dùn de guì fù men》 yóu lā fēng chū bǎn shè chū bǎn。
1974 zài bā lí hé kǎ tè lāi wài jǐng dì zhí dǎo《 yù niàn fú dòng》。 yǐngpiān yóu yú yòu shāng fēng huà hé yín huì de zuì míng zài yì dà lì zāo dào qǐ sù hé jìn yìng。 zài bā lí， yòu“ tè shū 'àihào” de guān zhòng xiān shì bèi guǎng gào de yòu rén xìng zhì suǒ xī yǐn， hòu lái hěn kuài yì shí dào nà shì gè huā zhāo（ bìng fēi yòu yì de）， yú shì jiù bǎ diàn yǐng yuàn ràng gěi liǎo“ zhī shí fènzǐ”。 tóng míng diàn yǐng xiǎo shuō dāng nián yóu wǔ yè chū bǎn shè chū bǎn。
1975 zhí dǎo《 wán huǒ yóu xì》。《 wǎ nà dé nǚ shén fèi xū shàng de sì miào jiàn shè》 yóu xǐ yī chuán chū bǎn shè chū bǎn， pèi yòu bǎo 'ěr · dài wò 'ěr de shí kè chā tú。《 N. yǐ jīng zhì liǎo tóu zǐ》 zuò wéi pāi shè yú 1972 nián de《 yī diàn yuán jí qí hòu》 de lìng yī jiǎn ji bǎn běn zài FR3 bō chū。
1976 pèi yòu mǎ gé lì tè suǒ huà chā tú de《 piào liàng de nǚ fú lǔ》 chū bǎn（ yì shù chū bǎn shè），《 yī zuò yōu líng chéng shì de tuò pǔ xué jié gòu》 yóu wǔ yè chū bǎn shè chū bǎn。
1977《 jìng zhōng de lǐ bài táng》 yóu sè gài 'ěr sī chū bǎn shè chū bǎn， pèi yòu yī lì nà · yóu nài sī gē de zhào piàn。
1978 chū bǎn pèi yòu láo shēn bó gé suǒ zuò shí bǎn huà de《 biǎo miàn de kě yí hén jì》。《 jīn sān jiǎo de huí yì》 hé《 shì jūn zhě》 yóu wǔ yè chū bǎn shè chū bǎn。《 luó bó héng gé lǐ yé tán zì jǐ》 zài zhèng shì chū bǎn qián xiān xíng dēngzǎi yú《 wǔ yè》 zá zhì dì 31 qī。
1981 yǔ měi guó dà xué nǚ jiào yuán yī wò nà · lè nà 'ěr hé zuò de《 yuē huì》 chū bǎn， zhè yī jiào xué xìng zhì de zhù zuò zuì zhōng yǐ《 jí nà》 wéi shū míng yóu wǔ yè chū bǎn shè chū bǎn。
1982 zhí dǎo《 piào liàng de nǚ fú lǔ》。
1984《 chóngxiàn de jìng zǐ》 yóu wǔ yè chū bǎn shè chū bǎn。
1987《 áng rè lì kè huò mí zuì》 yóu wǔ yè chū bǎn shè chū bǎn。
1992 bèi wò 'ěr cí bǎo dà xué shòu yú míng yù bó shì xué wèi（ 6 yuè）。“ luó bó héng gé lǐ yé zài 70 nián dài” guó jì tǎo lùn huì zài huá shèng dùn dà xué jǔ xíng（ 10 yuè）。
1994《 kē lán tè de zuì hòu rì zǐ》 yóu wǔ yè chū bǎn shè chū bǎn。
1995 yǐngpiān《 yī zhǒng ràng rén fā fēng de shēng yīn》 shàng yǎn。 gāi piàn zài xī dé lā dǎo wài jǐng dì yóu luó bó héng gé lǐ yé yǔ dí mǐ tè lǐ · dé · kè lāi 'ěr kè hé zuò dǎo yǎn， chéng wéi bólín diàn yǐng jié zhèng shì píng xuǎn yǐngpiān， dàn zài shāng yè shàng zāo dào shī bài。
1997 chóuhuà zhí dǎo yǐngpiān《 yào sài》， àn zhào shè xiǎng， ràng héng lù yì · tè lán dí ní 'áng jiāng zài gāi piàn zhōng bàn yǎn yī gè tuǐ bù shòu shāng de lóng qí bīng jūn guān de juésè。
（ luó xiē · mǐ xiè 'ěr · ā lāi màn biān， huáng xī yún yì）
héng héng xuǎn zì luó xiē · mǐ xiè 'ěr · ā lāi màn zhù《 ā lán · luó bó - gé lǐ yé》， bā lí sè yé chū bǎn shè， 1997
ā lán · luó bó - gé lì yé zuò pǐn zhōng wén bǎn piān mù
shàng hǎi yì wén chū bǎn shè：
《 xiàng pí》（ xiǎo shuō， 1953）
《 kuī shì zhě》（ xiǎo shuō， 1955）
《 jí dù》（ xiǎo shuō， 1957）
《 jí nà》（ xiǎo shuō， 1981）
yì lín chū bǎn shè：
《 xiàng pí》（ xiǎo shuō， 1953）
《 kuī shì zhě》（ xiǎo shuō， 1955）
ān huī wén yì chū bǎn shè：
《 yī zuò yōu líng chéng shì de tuò pū xué jié gòu》（ xiǎo shuō， 1976）
《 jí nà》（ xiǎo shuō， 1981）
-- shōu lù zài《 yōu líng chéng shì jīn gū niàn》 zhōng
lí jiāng chū bǎn shè：
《 jí dù》（ xiǎo shuō， 1957）
《 qù nián zài mǎ lǐ 'ān bā dé》（ diàn yǐng xiǎo shuō， 1961）
-- shōu lù zài《 jí dù》 zhōng
běi yuè wén yì chū bǎn shè：
《 chóngxiàn de jìng zǐ》（ chuán qí gù shì， 1985）
hú nán měi shù chū bǎn shè：
《 shì jūn zhě》（ xiǎo shuō， 1949， 1978）
《 zài mí gōng lǐ》（ xiǎo shuō， 1959）
《 bù xiǔ de nǚ rén》（ diàn yǐng xiǎo shuō， 1963）
《 yōu huì de fáng zǐ》（ xiǎo shuō， 1965）
-- shōu lù zài《 luó bó - gé lǐ yé zuò pǐn xuǎn jí》 dì yī juàn zhōng
《 niǔ yuē gé mìng jìhuà》（ xiǎo shuō， 1970）
《 yù niàn fú dòng》（ diàn yǐng xiǎo shuō， 1974）
《 jīn sān jiǎo de huí yì》（ xiǎo shuō， 1978）
-- shōu lù zài《 luó bó - gé lǐ yé zuò pǐn xuǎn jí》 dì 'èr juàn zhōng
《 chóngxiàn de jìng zǐ》（ chuán qí gù shì， 1985）
《 áng rè lì kè huò mí zuì》（ chuán qí gù shì， 1988）
《 kē lán tè de zuì hòu rì zǐ》（ chuán qí gù shì， 1994）
-- shōu lù zài《 luó bó - gé lǐ yé zuò pǐn xuǎn jí》 dì sān juàn zhōng
《 wèile yī zhǒng xīn xiǎo shuō》（ lùn wén jí， 1963）
《 kuài zhào jí》（ duǎn piān xiǎo shuō， 1962）
《 fǎn fù》（ xiǎo shuō， 2001）
（ yǐ shàng zuò pǐn fǎ wén bǎn jūn yóu wǔ yè chū bǎn shè chū bǎn）
bó 'ěr hè sī shū diàn：
《 wǒ de diàn yǐng guān niàn hé diàn yǐng chuàng zuò héng héng zhōng guó jiǎng yǎn lù》（ 1996）
《 ā lán · luó bó héng gé lǐ yé》（ xuān chuán tú cè）（ shí yàn yì shù cóng shū， bó 'ěr hè sī shū diàn yìn zhì， 1999 nián）
zhōng wén bǎn yán jiū zhuān zhù
《 xiǎo shuō de zhèng zhì yuè dú》（ fǎ） yǎ kè · lǐ nà 'ěr zhù， yáng lìng fēi、 wú yán huī yì， wǔ yè wén cóng， hú nán wén yì chū bǎn shè 2000 nián 10 yuè dì 1 bǎn， 15 yuán
《 ā lán · luó bó - gé lǐ yé》（ fǎ） luó xiē - mǐ xiē 'ěr · ā lè máng zhù， sū wén píng、 liú líng yì， shàng hǎi rén mín chū bǎn shè 2004 nián 7 yuè dì 1 bǎn， 20 yuán
Life
Alain Robbe-Grillet was born in Brest, (Finistère, France) to a family of engineers and scientists. He was trained as an agricultural engineer. During the years 1943 and 1944, Robbe-Grillet participated in compulsory labor in Nuremberg, where he worked as a machinist. The initial few months were seen by Robbe-Grillet as something of a holiday, since, in-between the very rudimentary training he was given to operate the machinery, he had free time to go to the theatre and the opera. In 1945, Robbe-Grillet completed his diploma at the National Institute of Agronomy. Later, his work as an agronomist took him to Martinique, French Guinea, Guadeloupe, and Morocco. He died in Caen after succumbing to heart problems.
[edit]Work
Robbe-Grillet's first novel, The Erasers (Les Gommes), was published in 1953, after which he dedicated himself full-time to his new occupation. His early work was praised by eminent critics, such as Roland Barthes and Maurice Blanchot. Around the time of his second novel, he became a literary advisor for Les Editions de Minuit and occupied this position from 1955 until 1985. After publishing four novels, in 1961, he worked with Alain Resnais, writing the script for Last Year at Marienbad (L'Année dernière à Marienbad), and he subsequently wrote and directed his own films.
In 1963, Robbe-Grillet published For a New Novel (Pour un Nouveau Roman), a collection of previously-published theoretical writings concerning the novel. From 1966 to 1968, he was a member of the High Committee for the Defense and Expansion of French (Haut comité pour la défense et l´expansion de la langue française). In addition, Robbe-Grillet also led the Centre for Sociology of Literature (Centre de sociologie de la littérature) at the Université Libre de Bruxelles from 1980 to 1988. From 1971 to 1995, Robbe-Grillet was a professor at New York University, lecturing on his own novels.
Although Robbe-Grillet was elected to the Académie française in 2004, in his eighties, he never was formally received by the Académie because of disputes regarding the Académie's reception procedures. Robbe-Grillet both refused to prepare and submit a welcome speech in advance, preferring to improvise his speech, as well as refusing to purchase and wear the Académie's famous green tails (habit vert) and sabre, which he considered outdated.
[edit]Style
His writing style has been described as "realist" or "phenomenological" (in the Heideggerian sense) or "a theory of pure surface." Methodical, geometric, and often repetitive descriptions of objects replace (though often reveal) the psychology and interiority of the character. The reader must slowly piece together the story and the emotional experience of jealousy, for example, in the repetition of descriptions, the attention to odd details, and the breaks in repetitions, a method that resembles the experience of psychoanalysis in which the deeper unconscious meanings are contained in the flow and disruptions of free associations. Timelines and plots are fractured, and the resulting novel resembles the literary equivalent of a cubist painting. Yet his work is ultimately characterized by its ability to mean many things to many different people.
[edit]Novels
Robbe-Grillet wrote his first novel A Regicide (Un Régicide) in 1949, but it was rejected by Gallimard, a major French publishing house, and only later published with minor corrections by his lifelong publisher Les Editions de Minuit in 1978. His first published novel was The Erasers (Les Gommes), in 1953. The novel superficially resembles a detective novel, but it contains within it a deeper structure based on the tale of Oedipus. The detective is seeking the assassin in a murder that has not yet occurred, only to discover that it is his destiny to become that assassin.
His next and most acclaimed novel is The Voyeur (Le Voyeur), first published in French in 1955 and translated into English in 1958 by Richard Howard. The Voyeur relates the story of Mathias, a traveling watch salesman who returns to the island of his youth with a desperate objective. As with many of his novels, The Voyeur revolves around an apparent murder: throughout the novel, Mathias unfolds a newspaper clipping about the details of a young girl's murder and the discovery of her body among the seaside rocks. Mathias' relationship with a dead girl, possibly that hinted at in the story, is obliquely revealed in the course of the novel so that we are never actually sure if Mathias is a killer or simply a person who fantasizes about killing. Importantly, the "actual murder," if such a thing exists, is absent from the text. The narration contains little dialogue, and an ambiguous timeline of events. Indeed, the novel's opening line is indicative of the novel's tone: "It was as if no one had heard." The Voyeur was awarded the Prix des Critiques.
Next, he wrote La Jalousie in 1957, one of his only novels to be set in a non-urban location, in this instance a banana plantation. In the first year of publication only 746 copies were sold, despite the popularity of The Voyeur. Over time, it became a great literary success and was translated into English by Richard Howard. Robbe-Grillet himself argued that the novel was constructed along the lines of an absent third-person narrator. In Robbe-Grillet's account of the novel the absent narrator, a jealous husband, silently observes the interactions of his wife (referred to only as "A...") and a neighbour, Franck. The silent narrator who never names himself (his presence is merely inferred, e.g. by the number of place settings at the dinner table or deck chairs on the verandah) is extremely suspicious that A... is having an affair with Franck. Throughout the novel, the absent narrator continually replays his observations and suspicions (that is, created scenarios about A... and Franck) so much so that it becomes impossible to distinguish between 'observed' moments or 'suspicious' moments.
In 1984, he published an experimental and quite personal summary of his childhood, life, and aesthetic theories in Ghosts in the Mirror, translated into English in 1988 by Jo Levy.
[edit]Films
Robbe-Grillet also wrote screenplays, notably for Alain Resnais' 1961 film Last Year at Marienbad, a critical success that is considered to be one of the finest French films of the 1960s. It was followed by a number of films written and directed by Robbe-Grillet himself: Trans-Europ-Express (1966), his two French-Slovak films L'homme qui ment/Muž, ktorý luže (The Man Who Lies) (1968), L'Eden et après/Eden a potom (Eden and After) (1970), Glissements progressifs du plaisir (The Slow Slidings of Pleasure) (1974), Le jeu avec le feu (Playing with Fire) (1975), La belle captive (The Beautiful Captive) (1983) and many others.
[edit]Cultural references
The Australian composer Lindsay Vickery has written an opera based on the novel Djinn.
Frédéric Beigbeder refers to Robbe-Grillet in his novel Windows On the World.
In the movie Sideways, Miles (Paul Giamatti) explains to Maya (Virginia Madsen) that his unpublished novel "evolves - or devolves - into a kind of a Robbe-Grillet mystery - but (with) no real resolution."
In the commentary section of the Sideways DVD, Giamatti and Thomas Haden Church discuss the Robbe-Grillet reference during the scene when Miles is explaining his novel to Maya in (what Church dubs) the "lair of the white grape." When the line is mentioned Church says: "I love that--Robbe-Grillet. That gets a very good laugh." Paul Giamatti chimes in with: "What the hell?!" Church adds, "it's the height of ostentation." To which Giamatti agrees: "Nothing could be more pretentious." Then he disparages his own character stating: "What a jackass!"
[edit]Bibliography
[edit]Fiction
Un Régicide (1949)
Les Gommes (1953) Fénéon Prize
Le Voyeur (1955)
La Jalousie (1957)
Dans le labyrinthe (1959)
La Maison de rendez-vous (1965)
Projet pour une révolution à New-York (1970)
La Belle Captive (1975)
Topologie d'une cité fantôme (1976)
Souvenirs du Triangle d'Or (1978)
Djinn (1981)
La Reprise (2001)
Un Roman sentimental (2007)
[edit]A Short story collection
Instantanés (1962)
[edit]"Romanesques"
Le Miroir qui revient (1985)
Angélique ou l'enchantement (1988)
Les derniers jours de Corinthe (1994)
[edit]Essays
Pour un Nouveau Roman (1963)
Le voyageur, essais et entretiens (2001)
Préface à Une Vie d'Ecrivain (2005)
[edit]Filmworks
[edit]"Cine-novels"
1961: L'Année dernière à Marienbad
1963: L'Immortelle
1974: Glissements progressifs du plaisir Paris: Les Éditions de Minuit ISBN 2-7073-0002-0
2002 C'est Gradiva qui vous appelle
[edit]Filmography
L'immortelle (1963)
Trans-Europ-Express (1966)
L'homme qui ment / Muž, ktorý luže (1968)
L'Eden et après / Eden a potom (1970)
Glissements progressifs du plaisir (1974), starring Anicée Alvina, Olga Georges-Picot, Michel Lonsdale, Jean Martin; editor Bob Wade; producer Roger Boublil
La belle captive (1983), starring: Daniel Mesguich, Gabrielle Lazure, Cyrielle Claire, Daniel Emilfork, Roland Dubillard, François Chaumette
The Blue Villa (1995), starring: Fred Ward, Arielle Dombasle
C'est Gradiva qui vous appelle (2006), starring: James Wilby, Arielle Dombasle, Dany Verissimo