| First Name： | 赵平复 | ||
| Township： | 浙江宁海 | ||
Read works of Rou Shi at 小说之家 | |||
柔石October 1921, to participate in Hangzhou literary group "Morning Club" and began his literary creation. Summer of 1923, from the "one teacher" school.
Spring 1924 to teach elementary school in Cixi County, Purdy, while engaged in literary and artistic creation.
New Year's Day 1925, created and published the first collection of short stories "insane." Soon, he went to Peking as auditors, often lectures to listen to Lu Xun.
Due to economic difficulties, the spring of 1926, left Beijing to return Zhejiang, Hangzhou, substitute first, then to any secondary school language teachers in Zhenhai, director of academic affairs. In the old society was created to expose the darkness of the novel "Death on the times."
April 1927, the Kuomintang reactionaries implement the "purge", he participated in Zhenhai County bureau of the meeting of the Kuomintang, Communist Party members that the school will be the news of the arrest, immediately inform the members leave, and afterwards, by the reactionary authorities to check on, in order to get rid of the reactionary authorities The hunt, in the summer and return home the same year, Ninghai. Organized by the Communists to participate in "Summer Social", involved in organizing Ninghai High School, and taught at the school.
Early 1928, Communist Party and progress in Ninghai the support of teachers, as the Secretary for Education, Ninghai County, committed to reform education, clear the feudal forces. In the same year in May, Ninghai Communist Party launched the Pavilion next to the uprising, insurrection failed, the enemy in the raid, that Ninghai Middle School is the focal point of party organizations, he was "pre-press being to" be involved, forced to leave Shanghai. Lu made the acquaintance of a friend introduced and co-founded with Lu Xun, "North Korea spent Society," published "towards the flower Weekly", "North Korea took Xunkan" and "Art Gallery towards the Flowers" and other progressive publications.
January 1929, Lu Xun too busy to step down "Tattler" Edit, recommended his successor "Tattler" Edit. Outside of work, but also created a novella, "February", short story collection, "hope" and many other fine novels and poems, and translations of foreign writers such as Gorky introduced literature.
January 17, 1931, to participate in the Shanghai Oriental Hostel secret meeting of the party, as a traitor informants, all of the participating comrades were arrested. While in prison, much torture, unyielding. February 7 evening, he and several comrades were arrested, 20 were shot and killed the enemy in Shanghai Longhua collective secret. Rou Shi body in ten rounds, heroic sacrifice. The expense of five members of "Leftist" members, was called "Leftist five martyrs." Lu heard the news, extremely indignant. Rou Shi and other expense in the second anniversary of the time, Lu Xun wrote "In order to commemorate the forgotten," a text, deeply missed.
Rou Shi - with the "slavery of the Mother"
"As the slave mother" is the creation and the artistic skills of Rou Shi maturing, reaching a high degree of representative realism. Novel depicts a rural Paper trafficking,
"As the slave mother"
In mortgaging the poor at the tragic story of his wife. Novel artistic technique modeled after Lu Xun, the use of line drawing to show good character relations, depicts characters.
From the reality of life, according to the true colors of life to the characterization of characters, both distinctive, and plump flesh, both human and there are class differences. Leather traders, whether the fierce, bitter, hard-working kind of spring Po Niang, bite the bullet; or scholar of hypocrisy, warmth, big wife's jealousy arbitrary, are written reasonable and very measured. Such as skin traders, had drowned the baby with boiling water, letting his wife mortgaging, is its fierce and cruel performance. But when he explained to time to the wife, and shame, regret to head down unable to speak. On the way with a line drawing, writing about a character distorted image of the oppressed. Description of the scholar, not only focus on that he is a landlord, but also did not ignore those who he was typical of spring Po Niang temporary husband. Such a dual capacity, determines the scholar did not abuse Po Niang spring, and sometimes ingratiated themselves to the Mother in spring treasure. When Chun Po Niang gave birth to his son, is ecstatic. However, this love is not only clear goal, and very limit. Especially in large surveillance and sarcastic wife, the scholar can not hold Mother in spring treasure home. Wife's description of the big novel, the language mainly through external action, to show her mind and personality. The landlord housekeeper, arbitrary mean, canine teeth, not because of his boy students, but also anguish and conflict. Her mother is jealous of spring more than a friendly treasure, hidden malicious smile. Chun Po Niang and Xianglinsao have the same purpose. Hardworking and simple, good law-abiding, low requirements of life, but the disaster and was left off against her. Focus on the spirit of the novel describes her ordeal. Chun Po to the scholar she left home to do reproductive tool, always subject to a large monitor and was verbally abused wife. When she can go home and Chun-Bao reunion, but had to treasure goodbye and autumn. Chun Po at a time when understanding of their Mother no longer had. Motherhood is the nature and rights of women, but "as a slave mother," but was hurt off nature, deprived of rights. Good at using the technique of line drawing depicts characters, and according to different characters in different ways. Of the scholar, big wife, language and action focused on the description of the use of spring Po Niang psychological depiction of the performance of complex thoughts and feelings of people activities.
Rou Shi - Lu Xun's contacts with
Spring 1925, Rou Shi went to Beijing at Peking University when the auditors. Lu Xun was teaching at the university and Literature, "History of Chinese Fiction," once a week. Because there are many other departments are also here to listen to Lu Xun's class to late, often only standing in the hallway outside the hearing. Therefore, every lecture, Mr. Lu Xun, Rou Shi will be rushed to the classroom early, listening to the teaching of Lu Xun. Lu Xun Zheng Bo lectures widely cited, language humor, vivid, powerful tone flat, clear, and often attracted halls laugh. Lu Xun in Shaoxing with a strong accent of the Mandarin, and Rou Shi's hometown of Ningbo have many similar words, he can be heard very special kind, and detailed notes, every word of Mr. spare.
Rou Shi in Beijing more than a year, broadening their horizons, but also made many friends. Because of economic difficulties and illness, Rou Shi had to leave Beijing the following year, returned home to recuperate. Ninghai post secondary schools to serve as headmaster. In 1927, Rou Shi was invited back, Ninghai secondary schools, and in Ninghai underground and the support of progressive forces, as the County Board of Education Secretary of Education during the efforts to reform the county, and actively raise funds, and building a secondary school in Ninghai. May 1928, the pavilion next to the party leadership (now part of Sanmen County) Peasant uprising failed, Ninghai High School is regarded as "the headquarters of the Communist Party" who were disbanded shut down. In this case, Rou Shi quietly in June 1928 left the home, came to Shanghai.
Rou Shi to Shanghai, lived in Zhabei District, the Friends of King Wan in the family. One asked, exactly, Mr. Lu also lived in this alley, and the house from his separated by only four or five. He can not wait to to see Lu Xun, then I would ask friends to introduce him to Lu Xun. At that time the distance to open in Beijing before leaving to listen to lectures more than two years of Lu Xun, Lu Xun safe in style make him an unforgettable experience.
Rou Shi and Lu Xun bronze
Rou Shi as a revolutionary and writer, created a short story during this period "as the slave end of the mother," communication "a great impression" and poetry "blood boiling." Novel "the end of the slave mother" of rural working women through the tragic experience of the spring Po Niang description of the evil curse of the "Code wife" bad habits, has been translated into many languages, had a great influence.
At that time, a journal to be published tomorrow bookstore, please do edit Rou Shi, and he agreed. Bookstore would like to print translations of Lu Xun, Lu Xun at the commission to seek royalties Rou Shi problems, Lu Xun took him with the North New book contract stipulated a copy to the Rou Shi. Rou Shi a contract to plug into a pocket in a hurry to leave - did not think, it is this day, January 16, 1931 he went to Lu Xun's home this evening, Mr. Lu Xun, became part forever.
January 17, 1931, Rou Shi and Hu are also frequent other party members in more than 30 Hankou Road, Shanghai Oriental hostels to attend a secret meeting of the party were arrested when the unfortunate, held at the Longhua garrison headquarters. While in prison, Rou Shi Young Workers Union Minister Yang Guohua and Shanghai (Ouyang Li-An), Chai Yingtang locked in a cell, and was nailed weighing 20 kg In chains - a half step Restraints. While in prison, Rou Shi Yin Fu to find a day to learn German, he said, usually did not, prison'd chance to learn, he wanted to seize the time to learn a lot, so that after his release can do more for the revolution.
The evening of February 7, prison usual roll call, there has been unusual circumstances: a long detention center in person, and also brought a dozen gendarmes, each holding a flashlight, point a name to look face with a flashlight, the air is very tense. End point name, we go to sleep, just sleep soon, get the folder in prison footsteps coming waves, the military police who in turn mentioned. Rou Shi moment to the dormitory where the guards called the two-day name: "Zhao Shaoxiong! Guohua! Out!" When an atmosphere of terror over the whole prison, Chai Rou Shi frequency collated Restraints Church to help with, and torn sheets , to help him hanging between the two Restraints to walk can ask, to keep the worn skin. Yang Guohua guard when asked: "Hey, so late, call us up to do?" Guard, said: "Nanjing has been built, the jail, is to take the last bus, take you to Nanking." We listened, skeptical, respectively, the Chaiying Tang said: "Comrades, you have to get there, be sure to write it!" Rou Shi did not say anything to hand a packet to the wood, and said: 'These things I take good care of you in the future useful. "Chai Yingtang saw that it was written in prison Rou Shi usually articles, then immediately put away.
Comrade Rou Shi and other 23 were brought upstairs to court. Above a row of judges sitting in high chairs, secretaries and others, next to the implementation of two people holding a book, take a look at photos, check
Five Martyrs of left seeking Hu Li Rou Shi Yin Fu Feng Keng frequency
Everyone's face, then ask them to cover fingerprints. Initially, the first two comrades thought it was a solution to Nanjing to the documents, to cover a muddle. Rou Shi third turn, he looked at the cover before the fingerprint file and saw that says "verify the identity tied to the execution site immediately shot" words. He put a push for execution, turned around and said later: "Comrades, this is for enforcement, ah, we do not cover!" Yang Guohua is behind him, one yelled out: "No cover! We made what law is it? "comrades back angrily shouted:" Why are we here more than a month, even without asking? "" What the court! "" Down with the Kuomintang reactionaries! "... ... while the court chaos , comrades and some broken windows, and some took up stools to the court to throw past. Several military police company commander told the judge hastily: "immediately dragged out of execution!" And then hid behind the panic to go. Military police dragged up, 23 people used all my powers Meng stamp the floor, determined not to go downstairs, military police force will not work with a bayonet. Military police company commander ordered the military police as they were dragged one by one, while dragging the side to play, and some could not stand to be beaten down to the ground, has been dragged garrison headquarters next to the Longhua Manufacturing Bureau under the big chimney shot. Execution ground, Rou Shi head and chest were in the 10 rounds. Sacrifice, Rou Shi was 29 years old.
The bad news came, Lu Xun was deeply shocked and saddened. In addition to the novel "The True Story of Ah Q", he had never written a biography to others. To commemorate the hot-blooded youth, he wrote, "Rou Shi Biography," and wrote "the Chinese proletarian revolutionary literature and the precursor of the blood", he shouted: "We are mourning and remembering to commemorate our war dead , that is, bearing in mind the history of the Chinese proletarian revolutionary literature of the first page, is recorded in the blood of comrades, never displayed violent and cowardly enemies of our constant struggle revelation. "Lu Xun still can not forget the revolutionary youth, the two years later, he wrote a "memorial to forget," poured out his revolutionary young writers Rou Shi, five deep feelings and thoughts: "I felt I lost a heavy good friends, the Chinese lost a good youth. "thoughts and grief, Lu Xun wrote a popular poem:" used to have the spring night, carrying the young women coming from a wire. dreams vaguely mother tears, changing the first king of the city flags. endure to see friends generation into a new ghost, knife Cong to seek anger verses. Poetry strike Dimei without written Department, according to Black Clothes moonlight. "
Rou Shi - official
Rou Shi - books, translation and research bibliography
Book titles
Madman (short stories) 1925, Ningbo Huasheng Printing Bureau
Rou Shi handwriting
Slavery (short stories) 1928, New Literature Books
Three Sisters (a novella) 1929, foam
Song of the old days (up and down volume, novel) 1929, North New
February (novella) 1929, Torrents of Spring
Hope (short stories) 1930, Business
For the slave mother (short stories) 1953, Humanities
Selection 1951 Rou Shi, open
Rou Shi fiction anthology in 1954, the humanities
Selection 1958 Rou Shi, human; 1986, Humanities
Morning Light (portfolio, Rou Shi, Feng Keng manuscripts) Rumbaugh Code, 1986, bibliographic literature
Translation of titles
Ge Li Ge Li Soviet base text base record (Gorky) was, 1930, Guanghua
Faust and the City (theory) that Carl Gauss Lu with the Soviet Union in 1930, and the Divine
Decadence (s) with the Soviet Union Gorky, 1934, business
Denmark 1938 collection of short stories, business
Bibliography of research
Rou Shi's Life and Writing (optional Kui Cheng, Sheng Zhong key) 1985, Zhejiang Culture and Art
Rou Shi School
October 1997, to commemorate the martyrs Rou Shi, carry forward the spirit of martyrs, the Ninghai County People's Government, which by Rou Shi once studied secondary school was named Rou Shi.
Former residence
Ninghai County is located in the West "side of the temple before." Because here there was a "Mr. Fang Zhengbei Temple" and its name. House, Department of Rou Shi old wooden frame of a two-story building's west wing courtyard houses, for the early purchase of Rou Shi's father. Early 1960, the county people's government funding maintenance, collecting artifacts, information to make an initial recovery of the original residence. Lu Xun's wife Xu Guangping also wrote for the "Rou Shi former residence," the plaque. April 1, 1962 officially announced as the county-level key protection units.
During ten years of turmoil, the former residence has been forced to close, heritage of grace and losses. After the Third Plenary Session, to refresh the open. Ninghai County People's Government and the South leading to the House side of the mountain temple, named "Rou Shi Road" commemorative. December 1989, the Provincial People's Government House for the formal announcement of Rou Shi provincial key protection units.
Translated by Google